Tài liệu Electronics docx
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Introduction
Introduction
•
Electronics may be defined as the science and technology of
electronic devices and systems.
•
Electronic devices are primarily non-linear devices such as
diodes and transistors and in general integrated circuits (ICs) in
which small signals (voltages and currents) are applied to them. Of
course, electronic systems may include resistors, capacitors and
inductors as well. Because resistors, capacitors and inductors
existed long ago before the advent of semiconductor diodes and
transistors, these devices are thought of as electrical devices and
the systems that consist of these devices are generally said to be
electrical rather than electronic systems. As we know, with today’s
technology, ICs are getting smaller and smaller and thus the
modern IC technology is referred to as microelectronics.
1. The voltage associated with a circuit element is the
energy transferred per unit of charge that flows through the
element. The units of voltage are volts (V), which are
equivalent to joules per coulomb (J/C).
2. Electrical current is the time rate of flow of electrical
charge through a conductor or circuit element. The units are
amperes (A), which are equivalent to coulombs per second
(C/s).
POWER AND ENERGY
Conductance
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KIRCHHOFF’S CURRENT LAW
•
The net current entering a node is zero.
•
Alternatively, the sum of the currents
entering a node equals the sum of the
currents leaving a node.
KIRCHHOFF’S VOLTAGE LAW
The algebraic sum of the voltages equals
zero for any closed path (loop) in an
electrical circuit.
Signals and Signal Classifications
