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De thi dai hoc nam 2014 lan 1 mon hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban
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(liter)
0◦ C 1.0 × 105 Pa (=1.0 atm)
(standard state)
(ideal gas)
22.4 L/mol
(molar volume)
R = 8.31 × 103 Pa·L/(K·mol)
(gas constant)
(Avogadro constant)
N A = 6.0 × 1023 /mol
(Faraday constant)
F = 9.65 × 104 C/mol
(atomic weight)
1
L
(atom)
H
1.0
C
12
Cl
35
Br
80
N
14
O
16
F
19
S
32
(electroncon figuration)
1
Al3+
12
C
Cr
13
C
F
(valence electron)
K
(outermost shell)
23
S
Na
N
24
(neutron)
(proton)
7
(N shell)
Mg
16
1
(a)
2
(e)
(atom)
(single bond)
2
(a)
(acetic acid)
(b)
(ammonia)
(c)
(carbon dioxide)
(d)
(ethylene(ethene))
(e)
(methanol)
a
b
a
d
a
e
b
c
b
d
b
e
c
d
d
e
(a)
3
(d)
(atom)
(plane)
3
( a ) CH4
a
4
b
( c ) C2H6
(b) C2H4
a
c
a
d
b
(reaction formula)
c
(d) C6H6
b
d
c
d
(coefficient) x
4
C3H8 + x O2
1
2
3
y CO2 + z H2O
4
2
5
6
5
0◦ C 1atm
H2 CH4 O2
(density)
(ratio)
5
1 1 1
1 8 16
6
300 K 1.0 atm
1 2 4
1 16 16
3.0 L
1 4 8
(argon)
360 K
7.2 L
atm
6 atm
0.30
7
0.1 mol/kg
0.50
1.0
2.0
(glucose)
2.4
3.0
(cooling time)
7
3
8
(chemical reaction)
8
(rate of reaction)
(partial pressure)
(catalyst)
(equilibrium constant)
(heat of reaction)
9
(sulfuric acid)10 mL
(neutralization)
NaOH aq 40 mL
0.20 mol/L
[mol/L]
9 mol/L
0.10
10
0.20
0.40
(platinum electrode)
2.00 A
(electric current)
0.80
1.0
NaCl aq
(electrolysis)
(cathode)
H2
224 mL
10
4.83 × 10
9.65 × 102
9.65 × 10
4.83 × 103
4
4.83 × 102
9.65 × 103
11
(a)
(solute)
(c)
11
(a)
(platinum wire)
CaCl2 aq
(b)
(c)
(platinum electrode)
(electrolysis)
(cathode)
H2
O2
(anode)
AgNO3
12
(precipitate)
HCl
H2SO4
NaCl
Na2SO4
AgNO3 aq
12
KCl aq
(precipitate)
Ag
(copper plate)
H2S
NaOH aq
NH3 aq
(excess)
5
NH3 aq
13
NH3 aq
(in excess)
(precipitate)
13
AlK(SO4)2 aq
CaCl2 aq
(II)
CuSO4 aq
NaCl aq
ZnCl2 aq
14
0.10 mol/L
AgNO3 aq 10 mL
ZnCl2 aq 10 mL
0.20 mol/L
Cl–
(precipitate)
[mol/L]
14 mol/L
0.10
0.15
0.20
6
0.25
0.30
(a)
15
(f)
(oxidation-reduction reaction)
15
(a)
NH4Cl
(II)FeS
(b)
Ca(OH)2
dil.H2SO4
(c)
(IV)MnO2
conc.HCl
(d)
NaCl
conc.H2SO4
(e)
dil.HNO3
(f)
Cu
NaHCO3
CH3COOH
a
b
a
c
a
f
b
d
b
e
c
d
c
e
e
f
16
(structural formula)
(hydrocarbon)
16
C2 H 5
H3 C
C C2 H 5
H
1,1-
(1,1-diethylethane)
(diethylmethylmethane)
2-
(2-ethylbutane)
31-
(3-methylpentane)
-1-
(1-ethyl-1-methylpropane)
7
17
H2
(catalyst)
(addition)
(asymmetric carbon atom)
17
H3 C
H
C
H
H
C
H3 C
H3 C
C
CH3
C
CH3
H
C2 H 5
H3 C
CH3
18
H3 C
(ethylene(ethene))
C
H
H
C
C2 H 5
C2 H 5
C
C
CH3
H
C
C
CH3
Br2
(addition)
Cl2
(product)
45 g
mol
18 mol
0.10
0.30
0.50
0.60
8
0.80
1.0
19
(organic compound)
A
C
B
C
19
A
C
B
OH
ONa
NaHCO3 aq
CH2 OH
COOH
KMnO4 aq
Cl
Cl2
(UV)
CH(CH3 )2
CH3COCH3
CH2 OH
CH2 ONa
NaOH
aq
9
20
(carboxy group)
(complete combustion)
1.0 mol
(unsaturated carboxylic acid) 1.0 mol
18 mol
CO2
16 mol
H2O
H2
(saturated carboxylic acid)
mol
20 mol
1.0
2.0
3.0
10
4.0
5.0
