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(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2002
Lesson 1:
Kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hӑavàHiӋnthӵc ҧo
Computer Graphics And Virtual Reality
Kӻ Thuұt ÿӗ hӑacѫ sӣ
Kӻ Thuұt ÿӗ hӑatiên
tiӃn
HiӋnthӵc ҧo-VRML
Le Tan Hung
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
2
Tәng quan vӅ kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥ
Các khái niӋm tәng quan cӫa kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥ máy
tính
Các kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥ
Phân loҥi các lƭnh vӵc cӫa kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥ
HӋÿӗhӑa tѭѫng tác (interactive)
Phҫn cӭng ÿӗ hoҥ (Graphics Hardware)
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
3
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1885 - CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
1887 - Edison patents motion
picture camera
1888 - Edison
and Dickson
record motion picture photos
on a wax cylinder
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
4
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1926 – J.L. Baird
invents the
television.
30 line vertical,
black and red scan
.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
5
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1963
IBM creates the 360 models
One of the First General
Purpose Mainframes
SRI develops the mouse.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
6
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1966
Ralph Baer creates the 1
st
comsumer CG product:
Odyssey Pinball
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
7
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1967
GE introduces first full colour real time flight
simulator for NASA
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
8
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1968
John Whitney: Permutations
In "Permutations," (1968) he
delineates a marvellous and exciting
new world. One senses a
choreographer. The movements are
reminiscent of traditional ballet. The
shapes follow the dictates of formal
geometry more than those of abstract
painting. Movement is three-
dimensional and the ambition for a
more polished three-dimensional
shaded space is apparent.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
9
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1973
Michael Crichton’s
“Westworld” uses 2D graphics
First time computer is used for image
manipulation.
Featured scenes that showed
audiences the world viewed by the
eye circuitry of a synthetic human
(played by a very real Yul Brenner) in
a future Western theme park. This
effect was achieved with 2D
computer graphics tools mostly
derived from image processing
techniques.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
10
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1974
Intel develop the 8080 processor.
1975
Mandelbrot plots fractals
Bill Gates starts Microsoft
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
11
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1976
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak start
Apple.
1977
Academy of Motion Pictures Art
and Sciences introduces Visual
Effects category for Oscars.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
12
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1977
Star Wars wins oscar for
special effects.
1978
•Superman wins oscar for
special effects.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
13
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1979
Alien wins oscar for visual
effects.
1980
•The Empire Strikes Back
wins oscar for visual effects.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
14
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1980
Disney’s TRON is the first
live action film with over
20 mins of computer
animations.
Seagate Technology
releases the HDD for PCs
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
15
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1981
IBM introduces the first IBM PC (16 bit
8088 chip)
•Raiders of the
Lost Ark wins
an oscar for
visual effects.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
16
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1982
The Genesis Effect (ILM)
for Startrek II
is the first
all computer animated
visual effects shot for
film.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
17
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1983
First Coke Polar Bears
Commercial
1984 PIXAR Opens
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
18
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1985
The Last Starfighter is the
first live action feature film
with realistic computer
animation of highly detailed
models.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
19
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1989
The Abyss is the first
movie to include
convincing 3D character
animation.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
20
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1990
Windows 3.0 ships
1993
Myst
1994
Playstation and N64 released
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
21
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1995
Quake Released by
Id Software
Toy Story becomes
the first fully 3D
computer animation
feature film.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
22
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1996
Independence Day
wins oscar for visual
effects.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
23
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1997
Titanic wins oscar
for visual effects
.
PIXAR wins oscar
for best short film:
Geri’s Game.
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
24
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
1998
Armageddon
Mouse Hunt
Bugs Life
1999
The Matrix
Star Wars: The Phantom Menace
Disney’s Tarzan
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
25
A Brief History of Computer
Graphics
2000
Sony Playstation II
Walking with Dinosaurs
Disney’s Shrek
2002
Microsoft’s XBOX
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
26
Kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hӑa vi tính.
Definition (ISO)
Computer Graphics (KͿ thu̵t ÿ͛ ho̩ máy tính)
Computer graphics deals with all aspects of
creating images with a computer
model –
Interactive Computer Graphics:
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
27
Kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥÿiӇm
(Sample based-Graphics)
Các mô hình, hình ҧnh cӫacácÿӕitѭӧng ÿѭӧchiӇnthӏ
thông qua tӯng pixel (tӯng mүurӡirҥc)
Ĉһc ÿiӇm:
Phѭѫng pháp ÿӇ tҥo ra các pixel
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
Bitmap
Bitmap
lines,areas,...
SRGP
library
Pascal / C
program
X Window
System
Graphics hardware
Image
image formats, compression, transfer
graphics algorithms
colour
positions
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
29
Graphical
Model
Rendering
Output
Device
Rendering
Parameters
Kӻ thuұt ÿӗ hoҥ vector
Vector = geometrical
model + rendering
(c) SE/FIT/HUT 2003
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Ví dө vӅ hình ҧnh ÿӗ hoҥ Vector
