Ecotourism
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Ecotourism, third
edition
Although representing only a small percentage of international and domestic tourism,
eco- tourism, as a form of alternative tourism, continues to be a viable development
option for all
countries around
the
world.
Its
appeal
lies in the fact that
ecotourism attempts
to safeguard
human
and
ecological conditions,
while at the same time
activating
economic
opportunities for individuals and communities.
Focusing on an array of economic, social and ecological
inconsistencies
that continue
to plague ecotourism in theory and practice, this third edition continues to examine the
evolution
of
ecotourism
in
reference
to
other related forms
of
tourism, impacts,
conservation,
sustainability, education
and
interpretation, policy
and
governance
and the
ethical
imperative of ecotourism as these apply to the world’s greenest form of tourism.
This revised and updated edition of
ecotourism
provides a broad
introduction,
including:
●
New information on the magnitude of the tourism industry, nature-based tourism,
wildlife tourism and the pros and cons of mass ecotourism.
●
Revised chapters
on
development, economics, marketing, policy, ecotourism
in practice
and biodiversity conservation.
●
A section on governance models, ecotourism programmes, operators and guides,
interpretation, certification and ecolodge design.
●
A discussion of ecotourism as an ethical or responsible form of
tourism.
●
Approximately 300 new references.
This critical overview of ecotourism is a useful reference for students, lecturers and
researchers. It includes a range of case studies, and considers the perspectives of many
adjacent fields, including geography, economics, business, philosophy, biology and envi-
ronmental studies.
David Fennell teaches and researches mainly in the areas of ecotourism and tourism
ethics at Brock University, St Catharines, Ontario, Canada. He is the founding
Editor-in-
Chief
of the Journal of Ecotourism, and is an active member on editorial boards of many
academic journals.
Ecotourism
Third
edition
David
Fennell
First published 1999 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Second edition first published 2003
Third edition first published 2008
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2007.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2008 David Fennell
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced
or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Library of Congress
Cataloging-in-Publication
Data
Fennell, David A., 1963–
Ecotourism / David Fennell. – Ed. 3.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN
978–0–415–42931–3
(hardcover) – ISBN 978–0–415–42930–6
(softcover) 1. Ecotourism. I. Title.
G156.5.E26F465 2007
338.4’791–dc22
2007009494
IS
BN 0-203-93958-1 Master e-book
IS
BN
ISBN10: 0–415–42931–5 (pbk)
ISBN10: 0–415–42930–7 (hbk)
ISBN10: 0–203–93958–1 (ebk)
ISBN13:
978–0–415–42931–3
(pbk)
ISBN13:
978–0–415–42930–6
(hbk)
ISBN13:
978–0–203–93958–1
(ebk)
To my
family
Contents
List of plates
ix
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xiii
List of case studies xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements
xix
Chapter 1 The nature of tourism
1
Chapter 2 Ecotourism and ecotourists
17
Chapter 3 The social and ecological impacts of tourism
47
Chapter 4 Development, economics and marketing
71
Chapter 5 Natural resources, protected areas and conservation
106
Chapter 6 Policy and governance: managing stakeholder interests
133
Chapter 7 Ecotourism in practice
164
Chapter 8 The ethical imperative
206
Chapter 9 Conclusion
226
Appendix
232
Bibliography
238
Index
273
