Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
MỤC LỤC
CHỦ ĐỀ SỐ TIẾT TRANG
1. Grammar
Grammar 1. TENSES
Grammar 2. REPORTED SPEECH
Grammar 3. PASSIVE FORMS
Grammar 4. MAKING REQUEST
2.Reading.
Unit 1. PERSONAL INFORMATION
Unit 2. EDUCATION
Unit 3. COMMUNITY
Unit 4. HEALTH
Unit 5. RECREATION
Unit 6. THE WORLD AROUND US.
3.Writing.
Unit 1. DESCRIBING PEOPLE.
Unit 2. WRITING A LETTER TO A FRIEND.
Unit 3. WRITING A THANK – YOU NOTE.
Unit 4. WRITING A SET OF INTSTRUCTIONS.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
PART A. GRAMMAR
I. TENSES
Unit 1. THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.
A. THE PRESENT SIMPLE B. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.
a/ Form: [ S + V-( s, es ) + Obj.]
* To be: am/ is/ are

* To have: have/ has
b/ Use:
- The present simple says that something
was true in the past, is true in the present,
and will be true in the future. It is used
for general statements of fact.
- Examples:
+ The world is round
+ The sun rises in the east.
- The present simple is used to express
habitual or everyday activity.
- Examples:
+ He always eats a sandwich for lunch.
+ I study for two hours every night.
+ My classes begin at 7.15a.m.
a/ Form: [ S + be + V-ing + Obj ]
( be : am/ is/ are )
b/ Use:
- The present progressive expresses an
activity that is in progress at the moment
of speaking. It began in the recent past, is
continuing at present , and will probably
end at some point in the future.
-Examples:
+ Mary is sleeping right now
+ I need an umbrella because it is raining.
+ John and Mary are talking on the phone
- Often the activity is of a general nature:
something generally in progress this week,
this month, this year.

- Examples:
+ I am taking five courses this semester.
+ John is writing another book this year.
- In addition to always, the words forever
and constantly are used with the present
progressive to express annoyance.
- Examples:
+ Bao is always forgetting his homework.
+ He’s always messing up the kitchen.
Exercise 1: Use either the Present simple or the Present Progressive of the verbs in
parentheses.
a/ Diane can’t come to the phone because she ( wash) is washing her hair.
b/ Diane ( wash) ………her hair every day or so.
c/ ( Look, you , always) ………….the door to your apartment when you leave.
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d/ After three days of rain, I’m glad that the sun ( shine) ……….again today.
e/ Every morning, the sun ( shine) ………in my bedroom window and ( wake) … me
up.
f/ A: Look ! It ( snow) ………
B: It’s beautiful! This is the first time I’ve ever seen snow. It ( snow, not)…… in my
country.
g/ Ba is a student, but he ( go, not)………… to school right now because it’s summer.
He ( attend)………… school from September to May every year.
h/ A: Who is that woman who ( stand) …………next to the window?
B: Which woman? ( Talk, you) …………about the woman who (wear )………the
blue and gold dress?
A: No, I ( talk, not) ………about her. I (mean) …… the woman who ( wear)
…….the blue suit.
i / We ………….( have) a party next Saturday. Would you like to come?

j/I ( not/ go)………………away for my holidays next month because I haven’t got
enough money………………… ( you/ go ) away?
k/ The concert this evening………………( star ) at 7.30.
l/ George , is true that you …………….( get ) married next week?
m/ The art exhibition………………( open ) on May 3
rd
and finish on July 15
th
.
n/ What time ……………… ( the next train/ leave)?
o/ Ann, we ……………….( go ) to town ………….( you/ come) with us?
UNIT 2: THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
A. THE PAST SIMPLE B. THE PAST PROGRESSIVE.
a/ Form: [ S + V( past simple) + Obj.]
b/ Use:
- The past simple indicates that an activity
or situation began and ended at a
particular time in the past.
Examples:
+ I walked to school yesterday.
+ He lived in Dien Bien for ten years, but
now he is living in Ha Noi.
+ I bought a new car three days ago.
- If the sentence contains when and has the
a/ Form: [ S + be + V-ing + Obj ]
( be : was/were)
b/ Use:
Ex:
+ I was walking down the street when it
began to rain.

+ While I was walking the street, It began
to rain.
+ I was standing under a tree when It
began to rain.
- In other words, both actions occurred at
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past simple in both clauses, the action in
the “when clause” happens first
Examples:
+ I stood under a tree when it began to
rain.
+ When she heard a strange noise, she
got up to investigate.
+ When I dropped my cup, the coffee
spilled on my lap.
the same time, but one action began earlier
and was in progress when the other action
occurred.
Examples:
+ At 8 o’clock last night , I was studying.
+ Last year at this time, I was attending
school.
- Sometimes the past progressive is used in
both parts of a sentence when two action
are in progress simultaneously.
Ex: While I was studying in one of our
department, my roommate was having a
party in other room.
- In some case, the past simple and the past

progressive give almost the same
meaning .
Ex:+ It rained this morning
+ It was raining this morning .
Exercise 1. Use the Past simple or the Past progressive in the following.
1/ I am sitting in the class right now. I ( sit) was sitting in the class at this exact same
time yesterday.
2/ I (call) ………… Mr. Son at nine last night , but he ( be, not) ……….at home. He
( study)………… at the library .
3/ It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the park. The sun ( shine)… . A
cool breeze ( blow)……….The birds ( sing) ……………….
4/ My mother and my sister ( argue) …………….about something when I ( walk)…
……….into the room.
5/ While Mrs. Hang .(read) ……….the little boy a story, he( fall)……asleep, so she
( close)……… the book and ( tiptoe) ………out of the room.
6/ While Tom( cook)…… the dinner, the phone( ring)………
7/ Mr. Hung ( fall)……………off the leader while he ( paint) …….the ceiling .
8/ Last night I ( read) ……… in bed when suddenly I ( hear) …….a cream.
9/ ……… ( you, watch)……T.V when I phoned you?
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10/ Ann.( wait)………… for me when I ( arrive) ………………
11/ I( not, drive)…………very fast when the accident .( happen)…………….
12/ I ( break) …………….the plate last night . I ( do)……… the washing up when it
( slip)……………out of my hand.
13/ Tom( take)……………a photograph of me while I ( not, look)……………….
14/ We( not, go)………….out because it ( rain)……………
15/ What ( you, do)……………… at this time yesterday?
16/ I ( see) ……… Carol at the party . She ( wear) …….a really beautiful dress.
UNIT 3: THE PAST SIMPLE AND THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

A. THE PAST SIMPLE B. THE PRESENT PERFECT .
a/ Form: [ S + V( past simple) + Obj.]
Ex: I smoked 20 cigarettes yesterday
b/ Use:
- The past simple indicates that an activity
or situation began and ended at a
particular time in the past.
Examples:
+ I walked to school yesterday.
+ He lived in Dien Bien for ten years, but
now he is living in Hanoi.
+ I bought a new car three days ago.
- If the sentence contains when and has the
past simple in both clauses, the action in
the “when clause” happens first
Examples:
+ I stood under a tree when it began to
rain.
+ When she heard a strange noise, she
got up to investigate.
+ When I dropped my cup, the coffee
spilled on my lap.
a/ Form: [ S + have/ has + V- PII + Obj ]
I/You/We/They + have
She/ He/ It + has
Ex: I’ve smoked 20 cigarettes today.
b/ Use:
- The present perfect express the idea that
something happened ( or never happened )
before now, at an unspecified time in the

past. The exact time it happened is not
important .
Examples:
+ They have moved into a new apartment.
+ Have you ever visited Dien Bien Phu
City?
+ I have already seen that film.
- If there is a specific mention of time , the
past simple is used.
Ex: I saw that movie last night .
- The present perfect also expresses the
repetition of an activity before now. The
exact time of each repetition is not
important.
Examples:
+ We had had four tests so far this
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semester .
+ I have met many people since I came
here in June.
+ I have flown on an airplane many times.
- The Present Perfect also, when used with
for or since express a situation that began
in the past and continues to the present.
+ since : a point time
+ for: a duration of time
Examples:
+ I have been here since 7 o’clock.
+ We have been here for two weeks.

+ I have known him for many years.
+ I have liked cowboy movies ever since I
was a child.
Exercise 1. Use the Past simple or the Present Perfect in the following.
Examples: I have lost ( lose) my key. I can’t find it any where.
Did you see ( you / see) the film on TV last night?
1/ Mr. Son ( buy )………………a new car two weeks ago.
2/ His hair is very short. He( have)……………… a haircut.
3/ Last night I ( arrive) ……… home at 12.30. I ( have ) …… a bath and then I ( go)
….to bed.
4/ ……( you/ visit) ……many museums when you were in England?
5/ My bike isn’t here any more. Somebody ( take) ………… it.
6/ When ……(you/give)……up smoking?
7/ I ( not/eat) …… anything yesterday because I ( not/ feel)………hungry.
8/ Why………( Jim/not/ want)… to play tennis last Friday?
9/ The car looks very clean………………( you/ wash) … it?
10/ Mr. Clark ( work) …….in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
11/ Mr. Son lives in Dien Bien Phu City. He ( live)……… there all his life.
12/ Bob and Alice are married. They (be)…… married for 20 years.
13/ When we were on holiday, the weather ( be) …….awful.
14/ The weather (be)……very nice recently, don’t you think?
15/ My grandfather died 30 years ago. I ( never/meet)……….him.
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16/ I don’t know Carol’s husband. I ( never/ meet ) ………… him.
II. REPORTED SPEECH
Reported speech refers to using a noun clause to report what someone has said.
No quotation marks are used. Notice the verb forms from Directed speech to Reported
speech in the following examples:
a/ Tense changes: ( BACK ONE TENSE)

SPEAKER’S WORDS REPORTED STATEMENT
Will/ shall
Am/ is/ are going to
Present simple
Present progressive
Past progressive
Present perfect
Past simple
Must
Can
Would/ should
Was/ were going to
Past simple
Past progressive
Past perfect progressive
Past perfect
Past simple/ past perfect
Had to
Could
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
1/ She said “ I watch TV everyday”. => She said ( that) she watched TV every day.
2/ She said “ I am watching TV”. => She said she was watching TV.
3/ She said “ I have watched TV.” => She said she had watched TV.
4/ She said “ I watched TV” => She said she had watched/ watched TV.
5/ She said “ I will watch TV.” => She said she would watch TV
6/ She said “ I’m going to watch TV” => She said she was going to watch TV.
7/ She said “ I can watch TV” => She said she could watch TV.
8/ She said “ I may watch TV” => She said she might watch TV.
9/ She said “ I might watch TV” => She said she might watch TV.
10/ She said “ I must watch TV” => She said she had to watch TV.

11/ She said “ I have to watch TV” => She said she had to watch TV.
12/ She said “ I should watch TV” => She said she should watch TV.
13/ She said “ I ought to watch TV” => She said she ought to watch TV.
14/ She said “ Watch TV” => She told me to watch TV.
15/ She said “ Do you watch TV” => She asked (me) if I watched TV.
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* If the reporting verb( the main verb of the sentence, e.g. said) is in the past , the verb
in the noun clause will usually also be in a past form.( BACK ONE TENSE )
* Also, sometimes the present tense is retained even in formal English when the
reported sentence deals with a general truth: She said that the world is round.
* When the reporting verb is simple present, present perfect, or future, the noun clause
verb is not changed.
Examples:
+ She says, “ I watch TV everyday” => She says she watches TV everyday.
+ She has said, “ I watch TV everyday” => She has said that she watches TV everyday.
+ She will say, “ I watch TV everyday” => She will say that she watches TV everyday.
* In reported speech , an imperative sentence is changed to an infinitive . Tell is used
instead of say as the reporting verb.
→ says/ say to + O => tells/ tell + O
Said to + O => told + O
Eg: He told ( said to ) Trang ( that ) he didn’t like coffee.
b/Some other changes:
SPEAKER’S WORDS REPORTED STATEMENT
Today that day
Tonight that night
Tomorrow the next day/ the following day.
Yesterday the day before / the previous day.
Ago before
Now then

Next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday.
Last Monday the previous Monday/ the Monday
before
The day after tomorrow in two day’s time/ two days later.
This that
These those
Here there
Examples:
“ I’m leaving here tomorrow” said Mary.
 Mary said ( that ) she was leaving there the next day.
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Exrcise1: Put said or told in each space.
1/ I ………….that you had to be on time.
2/ I ………….I would help you ; so here I am.
3/ There, you see! I ………… you the bus would be on time.
4/ He……….he was leaving for Hanoi the next week.
5/ Mary…… Tom that she had seen that film.
6/ They …… they had lost the game.
7/ The mother ……her only son that he should study harder.
8/ The man……… he didn’t tell the truth.
Exercise 2: Write these sentences in Reported speech.
1/ “ I’ll see you tomorrow” she said
………………………………………….……………………………………………….
2/ “ I saw her today” he said
………………………………….……………………………………………………….
3/ “ I don’t like this film”, she said
……………………………………….…………………………………………………
4/ “ I’m very happy” she said
…………………………………. ………………………………………………………

5/ “ I’m going to the cinema “ she said
…………………………………………… ……………………………………………
6/ “ I’ll see them soon.” He said
…………………………………… ……………………………………………………
7/ “ I see the children quite often”, he said
………………………………………………….………………………………………
8/ “ I can drive ,” she said
………………………………. …………………………………………………………
2.1. REPORTED QUESTIONS: IF/ WHETHER.
FORM: [ S + asked ( O) + If/ whether + S + V( back one tense) … ]
Wanted to know
Wondered
Examples: Direct speech:“ Are you a student?” He asked.
Reported speech: He asked (me) if/ whether I was a student.
Direct speech: “ Did you see the film?” Mr. Son asked
Reported speech: Mr. Son asked (me) If / whether I saw/ had seen the film.
Exercise 3: Write these sentences as reported questions.
1/ “ Do you like Michel Jackson?” she asked
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……………………………………………………………………………………………
2/ “ Are you enjoying yourself?” he asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3/ “ Does your father work here?” she asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ “ Do you live in Dien Bien Phu City?” he asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ “ Have you met Mr. Son before?” she asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ “ Are you a teacher ?” she asked

……………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 4: Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
same.
1/ “ Do you know who broke the window, the boy?” the man asked
The man asked if……………………………………………………………………
2/ “ Have you hurt yourself ?” he asked
He asked Mary………………………………………………………………………
3/ “ Did I say that?” Mr. Son asked
Mr. Son wondered whether …………………………………………………………
4/ “ Did you lend them your camera?” he asked
He asked if ………………………………………………………………………….
5/ “ Does your brother live in Dien Bien Phu City, Ba?” Nhung asked
Nhung wanted to know if …………………………………………………………
6/ “ Have you finished your exam?” Mom asked
Mom asked if ……………………………………………………………………
2.2. REPORTED COMMANDS
FORM: [ S + told + O + to – infinitive. ]
not to – infinitive
Examples:
a/ “Please wait for me here, Hoa” Hung said
 Hung told Hoa to wait for him there.
b/ “ Don’t talk in the class!” the teacher said.
 The teacher told the students not to talk in the class.
* Some verbs are used in Reported Commands:
Tell, ask, order, advise, warn, beg, command, remind, instruct,…
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Exercise 5:Write the sentences in Reported Speech, using the words given in
parentheses
1/ “ Sit down Mary” ( He told)

……………………………………………………………………………………………
2/ “ Don’t go near the sea, children” ( The children’s mother warned)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3/ “ Don’t be late, Tim.” ( Tim’s father told)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ “ Be quiet, students” ( The librarian told)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ “ Don’t use the telephone after eleven o’clock” ( The landlady ordered)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ “ Finish the duty tonight, please” ( My boss told me)
……………………………………………………………………………………………
2.3. REPORTED REQUESTS
FORM: [ S + asked + O + to – infinitive ]
2.3.1. Offer
Examples:
a/ “ Would you like a cup of coffee?” he asked
 He asked me if I would like a cup of coffee.
2.3.2. Request:
Examples:
b/ “ Would you pass me a cigarette?” he asked.
 He asked me to pass him a cigarette.
Exercise 6:Write the sentences in Reported Speech
1/ “ Would you pass my suitcase, please ?” he asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
2/ “ Would you like some coffee?” she asked.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3/ “ Would you take the children to school for me?” she asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ “ Would you sit down, please ?” she asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………

5/ “ Would you like a lift into town?” she asked.
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……………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ “ Would you talk more quiet, please?” he asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
7/ “ Would you like to go out at the weekend?” he asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
8/ “ Would you turn on the T.V, please? He asked
……………………………………………………………………………………………
III. PASSIVE FORMS
FORM: [ BE + PAST PARTICIPLE ]
USE: S + V + O
S + BE + V(past participle) by Agent
Present Simple S + am/ is/ are + V(past participle) ……
Past Simple S + was/ were + V(past participle)……
Future Simple S + will/ shall be + V(past participle)…
Present Progressive S + am/ is/ are being + V(past participle) ……
Past Progressive S + was/ were being + V(past participle) ……
Present Perfect S + have/ has been + V(past participle) ……
Modal verbs
(can, may, have to )
S + can + be + V(past participle) ……
Examples:
Active: Ba opens the door.
Passive: The door is open by Ba.
Active: Ba opened the door.
Passive: The door was opened by Ba
Active: Ba will open the door.
Passive: The door will be opened by Ba.

Active: Ba is opening the door.
Passive: The door is being opened by Ba.
Active: Ba was opening the door.
Passive: The door was being opened by Ba
Active: Ba has opened the door.
Passive: The door has been opened by Ba.
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Active: Ba can open the door.
Passive: The door can be opened by Ba.
* Notice: The position of adverb of place, adverb of time and adverb of manner.
a/ [ S + BE + V(past participle) + ( adv. of place) by Agent + ( adv. of time).]
b/ [ S + BE ( adv. of manner) + V(past participle) + by Agent ]
Examples:
a/ Hoa bought this hat in Dien Bien Phu City last month.
 This hat was bought in Dien Bien Phu City by Hoa last month .
b/ Nam treats his dog badly.
 His dog is badly treated by Nam.
** By + them, people, everyone, someone, everything, …me, you, him , her, us might
be bypassed in passive .
Examples:
Active: People speak English all over the world
Passive: English is spoken all over the world.
Exercise 1: Write passive sentences from those provided. The first one has been done
for you.
1/ A thief stole her purse yesterday.
 Her purse was stolen yesterday.
2/ My teacher corrected these mistakes.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
3/ They clean the bedrooms everyday

…………………………………………………………………………………………
4/ She is running her own company.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
5/ My cousin will meet you at the station .
…………………………………………………………………………………………
6/ John hasn’t finished his homework.
…………………………………………………………………………………………
7/ I will shut the door if you like.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
8/ How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year?
………………………………………………………………………………………….
9/ Now the publishers can publish the book.
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………………………………………………………………………………………….
10/ They say that she is the best student in the class.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
IV. MAKING REQUEST
FORM:
FORMAL REQUEST ACCEPTANCE REFUSAL
Do you mind + V-ing… ?
Would you mind + V- ing ?
Do you mind if + S + V( present simple)…?
Would you mind if + S + V ( past simple)…?
- Not at all
- Please do.
- Please go ahead.
- No, I don’t mind at all.
- No, of course not
- I’d rather you didn’t

- I’d prefer you didn’t
- I’m sorry, I can’t
- I’m sorry, that’s not
possible.
USE:
Examples:
A: Do you mind turning off the radio?
B: Not at all.
A: Would you mind closing the windows?
B: No, I don’t mind at all
A: Do you mind if I leave the class?
B: I’m sorry, that’s not possible.
A: Would you mind if I stayed here for a few days?
B: No, of course not.
Exercise 1: Practice the exchanges, using the cues given.
Requests
+ smoke here
+ talk loudly
+ wrap this present
+ lend me an English dictionary

Responses
+ Sure. No problems.
+ Sorry. No smoking here.
+ Not at all
+ No. Of course not.
+ I’d prefer you didn’t.
+ Sorry. That’s not possible.
1/ A: Do you mind……………………………………….?
B: ………………………………………………………

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2/ A : Would you mind ………………………………… ?
B: ………………………………………………………
3/ A: Do you mind if………………………………………?
B: ………………………………………………………
4/ A: Would you mind if………………………………… ?
B: ……………………………………………………….
Exercise 2:Use Do/ Would you mind + verb- ing and Do / Would you mind if….? To
make the following requests more polite.
a/ Can you turn on the TV?
b/ Can you correct this composition for me?
c/ Can I take a photo of your study corner?
d/ Can I give some advice on your study habits?
e/ Can you play the disc one more ?
f/ Can I borrow your dictionary?
g/ Can I have a look at your homework?
h/ Could you tell me how you learned English at school?
i/ Can I use your computer for one hour ?
j/ Could you solve this math problem for me?
Exercise 3: Use the verbs in the box to complete these sentences.
Ask drive give lend move
Show sit take turn down use
1/ Do you mind …………your car? It’s on my way.
2/ Do you mind if I ……… the radio?
3/ Would you mind if I………your computer for some minutes?
4/ Would you mind………… your pen for a moment?
5/ Do you mind ………… me a lift to the city center?
6/ Would you mind………….how to operate this machine?
7/ Would you mind if I ………….you some questions?

8/ Do you mind if I …………a photo of your house?
9/ Would you mind …………me around the town?
10/ Would you mind if I……………here waiting for the manager?
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PART B. READING
Unit 1: PERSONAL INFORMATION
Exercise1: Read the passage and answer the questions .
Do you have any close friends? I think everybody has at least one close friend in
his life. And so do I. I have two close friends: Linh and Chi. We are in the same class at
the primary school and the secondary school. We are also neighbors, so we spend most
of our time studying and playing together. Chi is a beautiful girl with big black eyes and
an over rosy face. She is an intelligent student and always studies the best in my class.
Shoe also likes reading. Linh isn’t as beautiful as Chi but she has a lovely smile and
looks very healthy. Linh is very sporty. She spend most of her free time playing sports.
Linh is a volley ball star in our school team. She is very sociable and has a good sense
of humor. Her jokes always make us laugh. I love both of my friends and I always hope
our friendship will never die.
1/ What does Chi look like?
2/ What is Linh’s hobby?
3/ What sport does Linh play in the school team?
4/ What is Linh’s character?
5/ What does the writer hope about their friendship?
6/ Do you have any close friends?
7/ What does he/ she look like?
a/ Read the passage again then decide if the statements are true (T) or false ( F ).
1………. I have two close friends: Binh and Chi.
2……… We are not in the same class at the primary school and the secondary school.
3……… Chi is a beautiful girl.
4……… Linh is as beautiful as Chi.

5……… Linh is a soccer star in our school team.
6………. Linh is very sociable and has a good sense of humor.
Exercise 2: Read the passage then answer the following questions
Last week Jack’s teacher took the class to Marx House, a memorial to Marx and
Lenin in Lon don. It is a two – storey house on Farringdon Road not far from the
office of the communist newspaper, the Morning Star. On this occasion, Jack and his
classmates learned about Marx’s and Lenin’s lives and work in London.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
Karl Marx left Germany in 1849, and spent the rest of his life in London. It was in
London that Marx wrote most of his Capital. He also took part in the activity of the
British working – class movement and wrote for British and American newspapers.
To rest from work, Karl Marx and his family often went to enjoy an afternoon in the
fresh air of the popular Hampstead Heat, a borough of London. To prepare his scientific
works he often spent whole days in the library of the British Museum.
He read about 1,500 books and papers, many of them in foreign languages. Marx not
only knew German and English, he also knew French, Spanish, and Russian.
Lenin also paid several visits to London. In 1902 and 1903 he worked on the Russian
working – class newspaper, Iskra.
Lenin was very much interested in the life of the working people in London. When he
saw the contrast between the London of the rich and the London of the poor, the West
End and the East End, he said that London contained two worlds, the world of the rich
and the world of the poor workers.
We consider Marx the founder of scientific communism and Lenin the teacher and
leader of the International proletariat and the working people all over the world.
1/ When did Marx leave Germany?
2/ When did he spend the rest of his life?
3/ Where did he write most of his Capital?
4/ What activity did Marx also take part in?
5/ What newspapers did he write for?

6/ What languages did Marx know?
7/ What did Lenin do in 1902 and 1903?
8/ What did Lenin say about London?
9/ Who was the founder of scientist communism?
10/ Who is considered the teacher and the leader of the international proletariat?
11/ Have you read any books about Karl Marx ? About Lenin ?
12/ Which books did you read?
Exercise3: Read the passage then decide if the statements are true (T) or false
(F).Correct the false information.
Marie Curie was born in Warsaw on November 7
th
, 1867. She received general
education in local schools and some scientific training from her father.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
As a brilliant and mature student, Marie harbored the dream of a scientific career, which
was impossible for a woman at that time. To save money for a study tour abroad, she
had to work as a private tutor, and her studies were interrupted.
Finally in 1891, Marie, with very little money to live on, went to Paris to realize her
dream at the Sorbonne. In spite of her difficult living conditions, she worked extremely
hard. She earned a degree in Physics with flying colors, and went on to take another
degree in Mathematics. She met Pierre Curie in the School of Physics in 1894 and a year
later they got married. From then on, they worked together on their research. In 1903,
Marie became the first woman to receive a PhD from the Sorbonne.
After the tragic death of Pierre Curie in 1906, she took up the position which her
husband had obtained at the Sorbonne. Thus, she was the first woman in France to be a
university professor. Soon after, she was awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry for
determining the atomic weight of radium. But her real joy was “easing human
suffering”. The founding of the Radium Institute in 1914 made her humanitarian wish
come true.

………….1/ Marie went to school in Warsaw.
………….2/ Her dream was to become a private tutor.
………….3/ At the Sorbonne, she studied very well.
………….4/ She married Pierre Curie in 1894.
………….5/ She was the first woman professor at the Sorbonne.
Unit2: EDUCATION
Exercise 1: Read the passage and choose the best option A,B,C or D.
Every one is interested (1)……………education all (2)…………the world in big
countries and in small ones, in cities as well as in villages. People (3)……… building
better (4)……
In one little village in the Philippines there was no school at all. A typhoon blew down
the old school and many of the homes and a new school. When the storm was over,
everyone set to work (5) ……… homes and new schools. They cut bamboo poles to
make the walls of the school and used palm leaves for the roof. To separate the rooms,
they built screens of grass and palm leaves fastened to bamboo frames. On hot (6)… ,
they pushed all the screens back to let in as much air (7)……… possible. Even the
children helped. They made paths of stone and sand, and (8)…………….flowers along
the edges.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
(9)…… , they finished a fine new village school. It didn’t (10)….any money to build
this fine school, but it took a lot of hard work. No wonder, everyone was proud of it.
And all were proving that everyone was interested in education.
1. A. on B. in C. from D. at
2. A. over B. on C. in D. above
3. A. is B. being C. to be D. are
4. A. areas B. surroundings C. houses D. schools
5. A. build B. to build C. design D. make
6. A. days B. seasons C. weather D. climate
7. A. like B. the same C. as D. than

8. A. plant B. fed C. watered D. planted
9. A. Early B. Soon C. As soon D. Late
10.A. took B. grow C. bring D. take
Exercise 2: Read the funny story then put the seven sentences in the right order.
One day, Mr. Balmy went to the shop and bought a cat, a mouse, and a large
piece of cheese at time. Then he had to cross the road to get his car. He could only carry
one of these things. He couldn’t leave the cat alone with the mouse because the cat
would eat the mouse. And he couldn’t leave the mouse alone with the cheese because the
mouse would eat the cheese.
If you put these seven sentences in the right order, you will see what Mr. Balmy did.
1/ He came back with nothing in his hand.
2/ He took the cat across and left it with the cheese.
3/ He took the mouse across and put the cat, the mouse and the cheese in the car.
4/ He returned with nothing in his hand again.
5/ He brought the mouse across.
6/ He took the mouse across.
7/ He took the cheese across.
Exercise 3: Read the passage and complete the following sentences by circling the
corresponding letter A,B,C, or D.
Like other teachers, Pham Thi Hang enjoys her teaching job. However, her class is
different from other classes. The twenty – five children, who are learning how to read
and write in her class, are disabled. Some are deaf, some dumb and others mentally
retarded. Most of the children come from large and poor families, which prevents them
having proper schooling.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
At first, there was a lot of opposition from the parents of the disabled children. They
used to believe that their children could not learn anything at all. In the first week, only
five children attended the class. Gradually more children arrived. Their parents realized
that the young teacher was making great efforts to help their poor kids.

Watching Hang taking a class, one can see how time – consuming the work is. During a
maths lesson, she raised both arms and opened up her fingers one by one. She continued
the demonstration until the children realized they had just learned how to add and
subtract. The children have every reason to be proud of their efforts. They know a new
world is opening up for them.
1/ Hang’s class is different from other classes because the children …………
A. are from large families B. are less mentally developed
C. love Maths very much D. are disabled
2/At first the parents were ………… the idea for sending their children to the special
class.
A. interested in B. opposed to
C. satisfied with D. worried about
3/ It can be inferred from the second paragraph of the reading passage that has been…
A. a change in parents’ attitude towards the class.
B. A lot of protest from the parents against the class
C. A feeling of doubt in the teacher’s ability
D. A belief in the parents’ opposition
4/ The writer describes how Hang teaches the children to add and subtract in order to
prove that………….
A. the children like Maths B. the teacher is proud of her work
C. the teaching work takes time D. adding and subtracting are important
5/ The writer’s attitude towards Hang’s work in the passage can be described as……
A. humorous B. angry C. suspicious D. admiring.
Unit3. COMMUNITY
Exercise1: Read the notice of “Environmental Discovery Holidays” and choose the
best answers A, B, C or D below.
We are going to operate special environmental holidays for young people aged 8 – 16
during the summer in the South of England. The holidays are fantastic way of meeting
new friends from throughout the United King Dom.
During your week with us, you will learn a lot about wildlife and the environment in a

relaxed and friendly atmosphere. You will get plenty of free time for relaxing and
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
playing games in the centre extensive grounds and on the gorgeous sand beach just a few
miles away. You will also take part in sports like football, badminton. Apart from these,
evening activities include campfires, a disco and a boat trip. Many young people who
come on our holidays return year after year .
1/ Special environmental holidays are for the age of………………
A. 7 – 16 B. 8 – 16
C. 12 – 18 D. 5- 10
2/ Which part of England do young people stay in?
A. the North B. the Central England
C. the South D. the East
3/ Which evening activity can you take part in?
A. go shopping B. play football
C. have a boat trip C. go fish
4/ What can you learn when you participate holidays?
A. wildlife B. learn how to swim
C. sleep well D. learn how to climb
5/ People who come on environmental holidays?
A. rarely comeback there B. never comeback there
C. return every year D. feel tired.
a/ Read the passage again then decide if the statements are true (T) or false ( F ).
1………. We are going to operate special environmental holidays for young people.
2………. You won’t learn a lot about wildlife and the environment.
3……… You will get plenty of free time for relaxing and playing games.
4……… You will also take part in sports like football, badminton.
5……… Many young people who come on our holidays return day after day .
Exercise2: Read the passage then decide if the statements are true (T) or false ( F ).
John Baines is an environmentalist. He is interested in all things to do with the

environment and the need to protect it. Two years ago, he got his bike out of the garbage
and repaired it, and now he uses it as much as possible. He uses his car less. He tries to
do ten percent fewer miles every year, so last year he drove eleven thousand miles, and
this year he’s going to try to do only ten thousand. This doesn’t mean he travel less, this
means he walks more. When he does shopping, he always walks now. He use public
transport when he can, usually going by bus. His car runs on unleaded petrol because it’s
cheaper and it keeps the air cleaner. About in the home, he saves as much as he can. He
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
doesn’t throw rubbish away. He has different bags for different things. One bag has all
the cans going into it, from the cat food to the beer. The second bag has all the papers
going into it, and the third bag has bottles such as oil bottles such as oil bottles, wine
bottles. But the milk bottles still go on the doorstep so that they can be reused . He takes
these bags to places where they can be recycled.
………….a/ John wants to protect the environment.
………….b/ He got the old car out of the garbage two years ago.
………….c/ Nowadays he uses bicycle as much as possible.
………….d/ This year he’s going to drive eleven thousand miles
………….e/ Unleaded petrol keeps the air cleaner.
………….f/ He always goes shopping by bus.
………….g/ There are different kinds of bags in his home.
………….h/ The second bag has oil bottles in it .
………….i/ Milk bottles are put in the third bag.
………….j/ He wants these bags and bottles to be recycled.
Exercise3: Read the passage then answer the questions below.
Many years ago, my village was very poor. The villagers had to work hard in the fields
all day and could hardly make ends meet. Their lives were simple and they were in need
of many things. Many people had to live in houses made of straw and mud, and few
families had a radio or a TV set. However, in spite of the shortage, the villagers managed
to send their children to school and college. They hoped that with an education of

science and technology, their children could find away of bettering their lives.
The children have met their parents’ wishes. When they came back from college or
technical high school, they introduced new farming methods, which resulted in bumper
crops. They also helped the villagers grow cash crops for export. Soon, the lifestyle of
my village change. Today, people live in brick houses. In the evening, they can listen to
the news on the radio or watch TV for entertainment. Sometimes they go to town on
their motorbikes to do some shopping or to visit their friends.
“Our lives have changed a lot thanks to the knowledge our children brought home”, said
an old farmer, “and I always tell my grandchildren to study harder so that they can do
even more for the village than their parents did”.
1/What was life like in the author’s village many years ago?
2/ Why did the villagers want to send their children to school and college in spite of their
shortages?
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
3/ How did the children help improve the lifestyle in the village when they finished
college or technical high school?
4/What did an old farmer say about the effect of knowledge the young people brought
home?
5/What exactly did he tell his grandchildren?
Unit 4: HEALTH
Exercise 1: Read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D.
Vegetarians are people ( 1)…… do not eat meat. Since some Canadians are
vegetarians, many grocery stores and restaurants ( 2)………vegetarian foods.
Vegetarians have ( 3) ……… seasons for deciding not to (4)………meat.
Some people do not eat meat because they believe it is (5) ……… certain types of meat
contain a high amount of fat. Too much fat in your diet can( 6)…… health problems
like heart attracts and cancer. People can also get serious diseases or inflections (7)
……….eating meat that is not cooked long enough. Not everyone who eats meat will
have these problems, but many people stop eating meat because they believe it is cruel

( 8)……….animals. This may be because their religion forbids it or because they do not
like to think that an animal had to suffer and die just so they could have a meal. Many
people who are vegetarians for this reason also avoid (9)… clothes and shoes that are
made (10)… animal fur and leather.
1. A. which B. whose C. where D. who
2. A. sell B. bring C. has D. give
3. A. differently B. different C. really D. free
4. A. eating B. eats C. eat D. eaten
5. A. unkind B. unhealthy C. bad D. unhealth
6. A. make B. do C. cause D. create
7. A. at B. in C. from D. if
8. A. to kill B. kill C. killing D. at killing
9. A. wear B. wearing C. taking D. using
10.A. of B. at C. on D. inside
Exercise 2: Read the passage and choose the best answer A,B,C or D.
Felix Holfman is a German chemist. He worked for a company called Buyer. He
invented the drug aspirin in March 1899 – a pain killer. His father had the arthritis, so
he gave the first aspirin to his father. Aspirin wasn’t popularly used for years late, but in
1950 it was the best- selling pain killer in the world. Especially, the Apollo astronauts
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
took it to the moon in 1969. For these reasons, Jose’ Ortegay Gasset – a Spainish
philosopher called the 20
th
century “ The age of Aspirin”
1/ Felix Holfman is a( an)………………
A. astronaut B. doctor
C. psychiatric D. chemist
2/ The drug Aspirin was invented by him in………………
A. April 1989 B. March 1899

C. May 1899 D. on March 1899
3/ He gave the first aspirin to his father because his father had…………
A. arthritis B. headache
C. backache D. sore throat
4/ In 1950 Aspirin was ………….pain killer in the world.
A. the selling best B. the buying best
C. the best- selling D. the best sold
5/ Jose Gasset called the 20
th
century is…………………
A. the future of Aspirin B. the era of Aspirin
C. the age of Aspirin D. the age of pain killer.
Exercise3: Read the passage and decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).
Conservation is the protection and wise management of the environment. People practice
conservation so that the environment can preserve their needs and the needs of all other
living things. Without conservation, all the resources necessary for life – air, animals,
energy, minerals, plants, soil, and water – would be damaged, wasted, or destroyed.
Conservation also includes a concern for the quality of the environment, so that people
can enjoy living in it. It means keeping it healthy and safe – and an interesting place to
live in. A healthy environment includes clean streets and highways, with open spaces in
cities for parks and playgrounds. Ideal surroundings mean landscapes free of junk and
litter. They include regions of wilderness where animals and plants can be protected
from the destructive influence of human beings.
……… a/ If people didn’t practice conservation, they would lose all the resources
necessary for life.
……… b/ People practice conservation so that they can enjoy living.
……… c/ People can practice conservation by looking for an interesting place to live in.
……… d/Without parks and playgrounds, conservation can’t be practiced.
……… e/ Ideal surroundings mean clean landscapes.
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Chủ đề tự chọn nâng cao môn Tiếng Anh 8
……… f/ Conservation helps animals and plants exist and develop.
Unit 5: RECREATION.
Exercise 1: Read the passage and decide if the statements are true (T) or false ( F ).
The Beatles were one of the most famous band in the history of Pop music. There were 4
members in the band: John Lennon, Paul Mc Cartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr.
They were all from Liverpool. George Harrison and Paul Mc Cartney took the same bus
to school and found out that they had music and guitars in common.
In 1956, Paul introduced George to a band call “ The Quarry” which John Lennon sang
in. George was only 14 years old at that time, so isn’t old enough to join the group. But a
few times he filled in for the regular guitarist and gradually become a member of the
band.
Then the Quarrymen became the Beatles. They performed regularly at the Cavern Club
in Liverpool, and in 1970s the foursome became worldwide superstars.
1………. The Beatles were one of the most famous bands in the history of Jazz music.
2……… There were 4 members in the band.
3…………George couldn’t join the band “The Quarry” because he was too old.
4…………When the Quarrymen became the Beatles, they performed regularly at the
Cavern Club in Manchester City.
5…………The Beatles became worldwide superstars in 1970s.
a/ Read the passage again then answer the questions below.
1/ How many people were there in the band – The Beatles?
2/ Where were they from?
3/ How old was George at that time?
4/ Did George play the guitar well?
5/ Where did they regularly perform?
6/ When did they become worldwide superstars?
Exercise 2: Read the passage about Elvis Presley and choose the best answer A,B,C or
D.
Elvis Aaron Presley was one of the most popular pop and rock singer ever. He

was born in 1935 in Tupelo, Mississipi. He began playing guitar before his teens. He
made his first record in 1953 and quickly became a worldwide star. He is often called “
the King” of Rock and Roll. His singing and his hip swinging shocked us parents. His
songs were recorded by a lot of other people and used on T.V show such as The
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