1 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o





___



 






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2 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o
* 
  kiu gen tn th :
 



  




 




  




 i trng c, ,locut
ng s kiu gen tn th l
 











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


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
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
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
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 




  
NST)












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
 
NST)

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
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
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
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 
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 i t
 
 

 kiu gen ta n c
ca c
ng ca X v kiu gen tn cp XY l
2

s ca c
 kiu gen t ca c
locut gen)
ng kiu gen trp XY s l
2
.p
 Tng kiu gen trp gii t
 Tng king . NST gii t
S alen ca mi gen c lc bt ch 2 trong s c
- Nu gi s alen ca gen lr 
+ S king hp ( lung s alen = r



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










   








  



* Vi nhiu gen:
t qu chung t qu ri
3 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o

GEN
S ALEN/GEN
S KIU GEN
S NG HP
S KG D HP
I
2
3

2
1
II
3
6
3
3
III
4
10
4
6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
n
r



  





r









S KG d hp v tt c p gen ba s KG d hp v 
ng (ho KG d hp v tt c  













 KG d hp t.
 ng ca c KG d hp v tt c  



S KG d hp v 1 hoc 1 s  v s
ng h hp:

ng hp ; D: d hc ta s c kt qu c
 king hp: mi alen s cho mt king hi gen c cu
ng hp, ti lng cng hp
 kiu gen d hp= tng kiu gen - s king hp.
 

- 

-
--
2n).

-
--2n)
- 

- 










  kiu hn th :
4 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o
 
 
n+C
2
m

 nhiu ln bng ch 
 
^^.
 .
  kiu gen  i con khi bit kiu gen ca b m  th 
p NST)
m.n - C
2
k

 loi giao t ca c th b hoc m
 loi giao t ca c th m hoc b
 loi giao t ging nhau ca c b  
u c b  
i
=0 ; nu b  
1 cp alen gi

i
=1 ; nu b  p alen gi k
i
ng b
  c b ); n ta vit giao t 
 
i









p gi
s loi giao t b  b  =2.2=4

a/ 
*  4
* m > 
-  m
-  = m(m-1)
-  = C
3
m

-1) + C
3

m
= m
2
+C
3
m



-  

     


  


 


    



  







  



    







*** S kiu giao phi trong qun th:
 
- 
2
n


- 
2

5 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o

- 








































 Gen t cnh trong qun th:

ng hp v tt c c
 hp v tt c c
 hp v mt cp gen?
t cmt cp gen d hp?
6 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o
g) S KG t, bit gen I  trng v X  n khng vi Y
Gii
Da vc tng qut qu chung bng tt qu ri
a) S KG trong qun th:



  





  






  





  


  
b) S ng hp v tt c cn th:
S ng hp= r
1
. r
2
= 2.3 = 6
c) S KG d hp v tt c cn th:



  





  




d) S KG d hp v mt cp gen:
u : ng hp ; d: d hp
 gen I c+ 1d)
 gen II c+ 3d)
i vi c 2 gen lt qu khai trin ca : (2 + 1d)(3 + 3d)
=2.3 + 1.3dd+ 2.3 + 1.3
- Vy s KG d hp v mt cp gen = 2.3 + 1.3 = 9
e) S KG d hp v t mt cp gen:
S KG d hp v t mt ci vic tt c cng hp trong KG ca cp d
hp, tc lng s KG  s ng hp v tt c c i tdd+ 2.3 + 1.3
-Vy s t ct cp d hp = s KG  s ng hp = 18  6 = 12
g) S KG t



  





  


 
  th gen 1 c 2 gen nm trng. Gen 3 c
nm trn khng ca X. Gen 4 cm trng ca X v
alen nm trn khng ca Y. Nu qun th th ngu phi , kht bin vm ph
th tinh bng th kiu gen t cn th th l
Gii


  



  



2
.5=160
Cp NST gi
 S KG t
  i x



3 locut nm trng khu kht bin mi ph kiu gen vu
h c c
Gii
+) KG:




7 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o









S KG t
+) KH:


2
2
=5

2
3
+ C
2
3
=12
S KH t
 
 
 


- Gen I(2 alen), gen II( 3 alen) nt c ki



  




- Gen III(4 alen) nt c ki


  



- S kiu gen tn th v kiu gen.
- 
2
210
= 22155
 mng vm 2 alen, locut 2 gm 3 alen, locut 3 gm 2 alen, locut 4 gm 3 alen.
nh s kiu giao ph  ng hp
nhim sc th 

- S loi kin th
2
)12(2 
.
2
)13(3 
.
2
)12(2 
.
2
)13(3 

= 324
- S kiu giao ph 
  mng vm 2 alen, locut 2 gm 3 alen, locut 3 gm 2 alen, locut 4 gm 3 alen.
nh s kiu giao phth  ng h
nt cp nhim sc th m sc th gi


- S loi kiu gen ca hai gii trong qun th
Gii XX:
2
)132(32 xx
.
2
)132(32 xx
= 441
Gii XY:
2
)132(32 xx
.2.3 = 126
 kiu giao phi: 441 . 126 = 55566.

TP TRC NGHIM:
  1 lo
i locut cm trng.
8 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o
m trng kh
m trng tr
Bit mi din bin trong gim ph tinh bng vt bin mi xy ra. S loi kiu gen
t cn th tr
A. 13500 B. 12150 C. 12000 D. 180000

Gii



  









 Tng s loi KG tn th=10.10.(120+15)=13500.
 chn A.
  rui gii ta nghi
p NST s 1 thy c.
p NST s 2 thy ci locut c
p NST s 3 thy ci locut c.
n khng ca X thy c.
ng thy ci locut c
n khng ca Y thy c
Nu 1 qun th rui ngu phi bng th kiu gen t c ct
ch xn s i th t gia ci nhau mn nhng cu tri
cp NST.
A. 6078240 B. 2026080 C. 9117360 D. 1088640
Gii








  






  






  









 S loi KG t 

 chn C.
:  mng vt ngu php nhim sc th gip nhim sc
th gi nhm sc th ng; gen th 
4 alen nng ca nhim sc th gi m sc
th g bm sc th gi
kh thuyng v loi kiu gen v b

A. 1908. B. 1800. C. 2340 D. 1548.
Gii




9 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o



  






 S loi KG t 4 locut=6.(78+240)=1908.
 chn A.



X

GH
X
gh
x


X
GH
Y. Bi tinh xng to ra s
loi giao t tt bin xy ra. S loi kiu gen ta  
A. 160 B. 208 C. 288 D. 364
Gii
  cho to s loi giao t ta t







8 loi giao t 4 loi giao t
S loi giao t b 
o ra 32 t hp nh C
2
4
=6 t h 
o 32-6=26 loi KG
+) X
GH
X

gh
x X
GH
Y
4 loi giao t 2 loi giao t
S loi giao t 
o 8 t h
 KG ta to ra  i con=26.8=208
n C.
 ong ben. S kiu gen ti thiu
 
A. 60. B. 900. C. 960. D. 180.
Gii
- Ong bnh thong qua b NST trong t 
b  NST 2n.
- V kiu gen ti thiu khi mi locut n kiu gen ca mi

V

  



  



  



 Tng kiu gen  
V kiu gen bng s alen mi locut.
u gen
u gen
u gen
 Tng kiu gen cc=3.4.5=60.
 Tng ki i ti
 chn C.
10 | L o v e b o o k – V ư ơ n t ớ i s ự h o à n h ả o
en, gen 2
  

A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 8







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
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
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