BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO BỘ VĂN HÓA, THỂ THAO VÀ DU LỊCH
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỸ THUẬT VIỆT NAM
THÁI NHẬT MINH
KHỐI THỰC VÀ KHỐI ẢO TRONG
ĐIÊU KHẮC HIỆN ĐẠI VIỆT NAM
LUẬN VĂN THẠC SỸ MỸ THUẬT
Hà Nội – 2012
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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỸ THUẬT VIỆT NAM
THÁI NHẬT MINH
KHỐI THỰC VÀ KHỐI ẢO TRONG
ĐIÊU KHẮC HIỆN ĐẠI VIỆT NAM
LUẬN VĂN THẠC SỸ MỸ THUẬT
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GS: PHẠM CÔNG THÀNH
Hà Nội - 2012
BẢNG CHỮ CÁI VIẾT TẮT
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1. LÍ DO CHỌN ĐỀ TÀI.
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-†‹8$@•+A+*o$%$ 8q8BCPpqYo
$%$+E**oMX |*oMF
2. TÌNH HÌNH NGHIÊN CỨU CỦA ĐỀ TÀI
‡-“q&*-'qY$%V*qp-T8$Y+”43$@'o$%$XxHJ
-I$-'Bz*Xs*WW+E**oMXx+1*$v-$p$}
‡WNM595•qY5943GI$*o L'&$-E-q*+,-$v$u
-T8@-*VŠ+'*V-*$–—M ‰q7+A-†L  +1*X%$-I$-7$@•
LB‚M -…-†L W-…*o*C*&-T8(+1*B*LL''@˜LŠ0
7*“ Đúng là đã xuất hiện một nền tạo hình mới, mà cái rỗng đã thắng cái
đặc”.™•24šFO‹8W-…*o-T8(+1*q7M $8VuH*o$
-}L (+1*)+1*J'.M +AL +A*8F
‡592]:59›3*LA7'-L•-€-…P MS$01$@8O$‘*qKH Xx

q*+,-FZq7A-€-…VuH*o$H87M-O-T8q*+N-!7M
q*+,--I$&'X X%qS7Mq*+,--I$L*o7Mq*+,-
($KH*K$B‚F
Z*o$8MH *X*Y$,XxŒKhối thực và khối ảo trong tượng tròn”
-T8$&-0U’"*r+'8"#$%$-•0‰$@Bzq&*•-0BV&M
o$%$$@B•FZH *X*Y$ $E-*Jq/qB8@8XIqxBH *H*Y$
4
,•X +E0•0 *-B8qE*EqB‚-X8*$@†‹8$@•-T8+1*$v-
X +1*J'$@'q*+,--€BM1*‹8o*W8-}F
BX%$-7qx-%VqY+1*$v-X +1*J'$@'q*+,-B
MC*-…qx-%VXIqx-{-B8qB‚-*-{-„$%F‰*X%‰L%
XN Bz*X*Y$M'M1$(M*Kkhối thực và khối ảo trong điêu khắc
hiện đại Việt NamMS$-E-o$178XC*MS$-E*(+E*‹E$qpqT
-*$*Y$•F
3. MỤC ĐÍCH CỦA LUẬN VĂN.
(+1*L -•0‰qKH $‘|$B‰-JMG}-$@'$E-V„MFF(M*K
Xx+1*$v-X +1*J'L $(M*KXx0vq8P&-T8X*o-H*K*o(
+1*+*KM0'E$+A*87VVpX '0vVE$$@*K-T8AWq*
+,-*o$8M*oq&*X w$@‚-'X*o-*o$v-78|$B‰-T8$E-*J
$@‰0u0,-•F
Bz*X*Y$-†-7$8MX••M1$(MMS$-*Y--p+Y$1**W8
o$%$$@x$1X *oq&*$&'$*xqx-'0vVE$$@*K-T8o
$%$qB•q&*‰BC-$8F
4. ĐỐI TƯỢNG VÀ PHẠM VI NGHIÊN CỨU.
Đối tượng;E-$E-V„Mq*+,-*oq&**o$8MF%V$@X 'W
$E-V„M08q“*MC*59œ2X 08$z*+•M‰-ƒ8$‡NM5993qY8F
Phạm vi:u+Y$‹JX WH*K*o(+1*$v-J'
-T8-E-$E-*JX $E-V„M$@'q*+,-*o$8M*oq&*F
5. PHƯƠNG PHÁP NGIÊN CỨU.
- jB•VEV$“‚V$BL*o@ˆ*qB8@8%q•+E-‹8+ž

q•Xsqx-pL M0E$‘F
- jB•VEV*-{LOL%qK-7-E*(X‡8+E*‹E$X‡8-Q
$K•F
- jB•VEV0'0EX Vu$O-+Y$‚VXC*$Š'PŸ*‹80E$-E-$E-
V„M$&*-E-$@*KL/M-E-$@&*0E$E-X -E-+”Y-7$E-V„M-T8-E-$E-*J
f
Đối tượng quan sát!E-$E-V„Mq*+,-*o$8M*oq&*X MS$
VpV'-E--T8$E-*JX(q*xq7+'-Q$KB-€7V$&'
$*’7*-T8$E-V„M
Nội dung quan sát:(${-H*K*o(+1*-T8$E-*JX -E-$E-V„MF
6. ĐÓNG GÓP CỦA LUẬN VĂN.
“‚V$ o$1+E**oMXx+1*$v-X +1*J'$@'q*
+,-*}VqS-*J$%$*o•$@'X*o-$(M*K$@8-{F
*J*‹Y$qx$ *-7|U8$v-$*’q1*XC*-E-o0U$&'(-€
Bq1*$B‚$B‰${-o$%$F
7VVpX 'X*o-qE*E$E-V„M$A‹8AW(+1*X
0vH*K*o$B$B‰$A‹8(+1*IF
x$ *-†-7|U8$v-$*’q1*XC*X*o-*JP&M#$%$$@'
$@BzF€B-AX*o-*E'PQ-$„MM#7*-F
7. KẾT CẤU CỦA LUẬN VĂN.
%XNˆM25$@8H8'ˆMVpM‰qp3•$@8+Y$L%35
$@8VpS*P-7f-B•F
 B•5~(+1*$@'q*+,-X H1*-Jx*+,-
*o$8M*oq&*)5œ$@8.
 B•4~61*$v-X +1*J'$@'q*+,-*oq&**o$8M
qB‚-$K*o‹8MS$01$E-V„M$*H*K)f4$@8.
 B•f~pM‹8$@•-T8+1*$v-X +1*J'$@'q*+,-
)2$@8.
' *@8L%XN-†-7$ *L*o$8M+J'5$@8VQLQ-f9$@8F
•

CHƯƠNG 1
HÌNH KHỐI TRONG ĐIÊU KHẮC VÀ BỐI CẢNH NỀN
ĐIÊU KHẮC VIỆT NAM HIỆN ĐẠI
1.1 HÌNH KHỐI
1.1.1 Khái niệm về hình khối.
(+1*L MS$(P&H8-*x)-*x8-*xP•-X -*x0u.
$ˆ$&*$@'+A*8$v-F(+1*-7$KVu$O-X -*8-,$@8$ !
*KM)7 L •*S*$Q-T8*xH(P*o
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q/X*Y$! "Hình cầu, hình lập phương, hình côn, hình trụ hay hình tháp là
những hình dạng vĩ đại đầu tiên mà ánh sáng làm dậy lên trước mắt chúng ta.
Hình ảnh chúng rất khác nhau khiến chúng ta không thể lẫn lộn được. Đó
chính là điều khiến chúng trở nên đẹp, những hình dạng đẹp nhất "™]2œšF
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]
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M/$p' XU-ƒF
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2
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Hình khối được ghép lại bằng nhiều mảnh và được không gian ba chiều
giới hạn. Nó biểu hiện một thể tích nhất định nào đó trong không gian. Hình
khối có thể đặc hoặc không đặc, nó biểu hiện bằng một khối đặc trong không
gian hoặc là một không gian trống được đóng kín bằng những diện”
6E**oMXx(+1*$B•$vB+E**oMXx+A*8‰$OH8
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qB‚-0ƒPQqKL MAW$@'o$%$q*+,-F
1.1.2 Hình khối trong điêu khắc
o$%$(+1*L $%$WPrqK-…L'&*(o$%$@I$
q•-$@Bq7-OL điêu khắcF@'q*+,-+1*(L -7$v--7$K
-JM%HyG}-*E--7$Kq*G‹87X %@80vH*YqS
V'V}-T87‹8Mw*BC(F"w*-E-$&'+1*qB8L&*-JM*E-

+E-8!61*Lˆ* 61*LŸMF61*-{ 61*MxMF61*q7 61*
M‰F61*$U 61*qSX 0v+Y$‚V*W8+1*(-€qˆU8XC*
X*o-$&'qBz¢$-'$E-V„MF8qp(+1*$@'q*+,-L
+1*$v-L +1*($IH,$ˆ$‡W+1*+… B+1*-p+1*
$@Q+1*L%VVB•—XC*U8L +1*(-Q$KVJ*-*YM-w$@'
+A*8-7$K($I0zX ,MqB‚-F61*$v-“q•M8$O
A“*M%$qS(-8'$&'-JM*E-qp-•$-7qBzH8'‹8'•-
qBz@8*C*F
@'‹E$@(VE$$@*Ko$1-E-+E**oM-T8$&'(-7*x
+E**oMXx¦(+1*¦PpP q/$*YV-%X †8%VX '+E**oMXx
+A*8Fž&+*$87*qY+1*q•- +1*@w+1*uM+1*
PB•+1*$%$ +1*J'FFF$(W+1*¦@w¦+1*¦uM¦+1*¦J'¦FFFL
W+A*8-7*C*&F}+A-7$@•LB‚-…-7MS$+1*
$O-GE-q•F*xq7q/L M-'*xBz*+A-'*(+1*L MS$Y
$1$&'(qS-L%V$@VB•P*oL|$Y$F*PBC*MS$7-qS
 'q7-T8$&'($((+1*XsqB‚-GŠML MS$Y$1$&'(-Q$K
X -7$OqS-L%VF*o‹J$&'(M +1*M8L&*-'$8-€@Ÿ@o$0'
XC**o‹JX -JM*E-$&'(-T8+A*8F@'$&'(q*+,-
(+1*X +A*8L 8*$ Vp+A$K$E-@z*8qB‚-X(
@yq*+,-L (+1*8$“‚V-E-(+1*$@'+A*8F
œ
‡-“q&*-'qY$%V*qp-T8$Y+”RR$@'o$%$XxHJ
-I$-'Bz*Xs*WW+E**oM-T8(+1*F6A-7(
+E-*W8-E-+E**oM+1*-T8-E-$B‚8E-r8ujB•$B‚
i8uM(M,$($8$B‚ MˆuFZq7$8*K
@y!"S$+1*L MS$($K-7(P&GE-q•X PI$-7$K-u
q'qB‚--E-q•-$O(P&-T87X $ˆ$&*$@'+A*8H8-*xF
"I(NM‹8YB$@'S*•8Au-†-7*x+E-H*o$
$($@'q*+,--'Bz*Xs-…H*Y$-7MS$L'&*(+1*!61*q•-F
%$@8MS$+1*q•--*YM-w$@'+A*8H8'*z-€M8$Š'

7MS$Bz*8ŠM0*qA*XA(P&q7-OL -E-+'J+A
M 7-*YM-wF8-7$K-'@yquL +A*8H8'‹8+1*q•-
8-OquL +1*¦@w¦+1*¦uM¦F€-O$‡-E*$*xqxq•- @w
uM PB• Bz*$8q/VE$$@*K0v*KH*Y$-T8M(Xx(+1*MS$
-E-0u0,-•q7-OL ŒKhối ảo”F
1.2 KHỐI ẢO
1.2.1 Nguyên nhân sinh ra khối ảo.
'Bz*$*YV%0vVJE-T8$Y*C*$A‹8-E-*E-‹8
$@'-•$KF@'NM*E-‹8-T8-'Bz*L $•*E-+{*E-G}-
*E-$O*E-X•*E-$(-JM$Q$•*E--*YM$C*œ3§$”$@•-T80v
-JM$Q(+1*X +A*8F•*E-qŠMqY-'$8-JM*E-Xx(
J-T8X%$$KqB‚-($IFOX(X%X*o-*K@ŸW+O8-&
-T8-JM$Q$•*E-L -•0‰@I$‹8$@•qKqE*EX $*Y$L%V-E-+A
*87*-X +1*J'7*@*F"S$01Y$1$&'+1*J'$‡$•*E-
q7L !
Khoảng cách: 6'J-E-*W8-E-($K+E-8$(W$O
*o$•*E-qB8L&*-€+E-8FW($K‰p8Xx+'J
-E--}0¤$&'$ M1*L*+Y$X $E-qSX '$•*E--'Bz*M&
•WX%$$K‰G8FOPQ~
||||||||||||||||||||||| ( qx¨¨6'$&'*o‹J$•*E
9
 || || || || || || (E--•V1*+Y$p8¨¨u-}|$&'*o{
$•*E-)
 ||||| |||||| ||||| (*+Y$7M-E-$E-qSM&qY$•*E
Sự giống nhau~I$-JW$O*o$•*E-+**18Xx($K
GYVq•$H-&W($K+E-GŠ+¤F+'J-E--T8-}
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H*Y$ ($KJ'F
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53
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1.2.2 Khối ảo trong tự nhiên và trong đời sống.
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55
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|C-$(+**%PW+*L&*H(VžL•—B$@'$•-T8Ru
i•“Dữ dội và dịu êm/ Ồn ào và lặng lẽ ”†M•$$@N$(*oW
Hy0vVJ-*Y-E0E$‡M•$$@z*F"•$$@N-7$v-BM•$$@N
M -}$8$Bz$IL J'F7$K7*L MS$+1*J'$@'+A*8
+1*J'IL M-'H8'Bz*Mq,M$@'$B‰$B‚Xx-E*q•VXU
y)F2F›.F"•$$@z*X WX(08'-€X%-}-7$v-B-E*
M -}$8,MH,$0v*oP*oq7L&*-…L E0EFW-•*7XA
($…$'JL&**oWHyX*o-qqB8-*Y-LEX qA*L}-L&*Hy
W-•L1-G'E)F].F" $8H*Y$qB‚-$‡X*o--}L M-'W+1*
(-7$v-H•-1L+A$@—
@'qz*01-T8-}$8W-*Y-B•L HJ08'$‡+1*J'
*1o$+1*$v-)F5f.W•Lƒ8H%VHr8W-S$+7*L
54
W+1*J'*oWB+7,MH,$F" (‘-{8qv-J$Y
*C*$A‹8W(J-KqS4•(«*uz-•-YLB
(‰XŸM&--T8M,$M $8-JM%qB‚-0v01qSB$v-F
@'+*Y$@}-$(+A*8S*$I$L B+A*8qB‚-$*Y$
+Y-7-T|qŠML&*-'-Tu+A-…B$*oL‚*$@'qz*01M
-JW-JM%V'V}Xxqz*01$*$pFW$@p-8'$@'
+*Y$@}-$&*-E-$EqBzˆ**E'*-}8*E'Hy-E-H1$@O0,V
q•$+A*8L M-'$8-JM$I@‚‚V$'Eq/-8'Xz*X 0*
$'E$FF)F5•.FWA*-r8q(qxXC*-E-+Y$-I+A*8$IV
L&*$&'-JM*E-Xx0vIMEVL*$*H8'H•-—
I$-JWq*xq7-'$I0v*oW-T8+1*J'$@'$v*X
$@'qz*01L -7$v-F7X8*$@†L MS$Vp+A$K$*Y$@'qz*
01$*$p-T8-}$8F
1.2.3. Khái niệm về khối ảo và khối ảo trong điêu khắc.

1.2.3.1 Khái niệm về khối ảo:Y+1*$v-L +1*($I$(+1*J'L
+1*-JM$IF61*J'GI$*o$@-•0‰-•-JMG}-$‡+1*$v-L
W+'J+A*8$@1*W8-E-+1*$v-L -I$@}-LˆLE-H
$@'-E-$E-V„ML +A*8H8'‹8+1*$v-—61*$v-M -}
$8$IL +1*uI$B‚X PsPQBz*GŠMqYXC*-E*+1*J'$*$}
„0uF8-7$KXOŒ+1*$v-ŽB-E*-E'8-†+1*J'$v8BB•
'8VžVI$'•-*J+1*$v-B(-†+1*J'BMJ$@1‰
$@'$@8F‡W%q•$@qu$8-7$KqB8@8+E**oMXx+1*J'B
08!
Khối ảo là khối trừu tượng trong không gian, không có đường ranh giới
và có tính lùi sau, do thị giác và trí tưởng tượng của con người tạo ra.Khối
ảo hình thànhtừ sự biến đổi cảm xúc của khối thực hay một không gian cụ
thể được tạo ra bởi những điểm, bình diện trong không gian.
5f
1.2.3.2 Khối ảo trong điêu khắc
@'q*+,-+1*J'L $TVEVH*K*o@I$q8NP'-'Bz*
0E$&'@8z0v+Y$‚V*W8W-JM‹8(+1*XC*$ON-T8
H1-Q-$A‹8$•*E-FK*o0v-KqS-T8+1*L MAW
q*+,-$MVp0{-M&L M-'o$%$$@‰V'V}X q8
P&F@'H1-Q--T8MS$$E-V„Mq*+,-qS$'‘8qS@S+Š
‰-T8+'J@w+A*180¤GI$*o*o‹JX +'J
+A*8H8-*x+E-8F
 MJM*Y$'‘+E-8qB‚-GYVP $@J*$Š'-*x8
$&'-'$8-JM*E-H(X “q•-JM*E-$UL•q{H,$
ˆ$‡W•Vq*oq8GŠHyVžF61*J'qB‚-0,VGYV$Š'
-*x$žq{L M-'Bz*GŠM-7-JM*E--8'X‚*W+'J
@wq7-†u-'WBz*GŠM-7-JM*E-MS$0{-01MC*q8
XB•LF
ˆ$&*qS-L%VzWH(P*o8Wq*KM$@'+A*8
*1B-E*$}*qKqv+A*8+A-…X'+A*8L&*$ MS$

+1*M -†-7$OH8'‹8-{8qvF
 0vH*Yq“*-JM*E--T8+1*$v-HyW$TVEVBV1*
MpE0E-I$L*o$B•VJ8G0E—
@'q*+,-$8$I-7H8(${--T8+1*J'B08~
Khối ảo trong không gian:L L'&*+1*J'-'$8$IqB‚-MS$P&
($rP'$@O$B‰$B‚$&'@8zPv8X 'MS$HxM•$MS$Y$1 'q7
-70¬Bq*KMH(P*oF7-{8MS$$K$O- 'q7$@'+A*8
B+A$K0z,MqB‚-M L 0v-JM%L -JMG}-qA*+*$K
*o-}$H8H“X $@O$B‰$B‚V'V}-T8Bz*o0UF~E-
V„M-T8j8jB•A)F]3.
Khối ảo được tạo từ hình khối:L W+1*J'qB‚-$&'$‡W
MJLˆ* LŸM-T8HJ$uH1-Q-$B‚qB‚-0,VGYVH1-Q-$Š'•Vq*o
5•
(+1*-Q$KF +'J$@1*W8-E-+1*L +A*8G‹80v
A“*-T8+1**}VBz*GŠM-JM%qB‚-($B‚|$B‰-T8$E-
*JF~B‚E*7’N@w*-T8’J*)Ff3.F
Khối ảo (cấu trúc bên trong) L L'&*+1*J'„-(MqB‚-$&'@8$‡
W+'J@w)Lw*$T.$'‘+E-8$@HxM•$$B‚F7L -I
$@}-H$@'-T8H1-Q-$B‚M Bz*GŠM$Š'-JMG}-$„MM#-T8
HJ$uM $B‰$B‚@8F61*J')-I$@}-H$@'.$Bz+A-7
(P&I$q•+A-7qBz@8*C*X -7$KLˆLE-‹8W
(+1*-Q$KqK$&'MS$+A*8MS$H1-Q-MC*$Š'$@O$B‰
$B‚-T8-'Bz*F ~B‚"''@Šj8*8B•)F•2F•›.
Y+1*$v-L AW-Aq•*oW$(+1*J'L AW
$@‡$B‚-'$8$‘80{-V*LB($ -JM‹8+E-8‰
Bz*GŠMFOX($Y$@'q*+,--p$*Y$VJ*+*KM0'E$qB‚-+1*
J'qK+1*$v-* •*E$@•XxM•$H*K-JMF
1.3 BỐI CẢNH NỀN ĐIÊU KHẮC VIỆT NAM HIỆN ĐẠI
1.3.1. Mỹ thuật Đông dương (1925 – 1954)
1.3.1.1 Giai đoạn (1925-1945)

*8*q'&594] 59•]qB‚--'*L WNM($ xM#$%$
*o$8M*oq&*X xq*+,-*o$8M*oq&*-€qB‚-qEPI
$‡+*@8qz*-T8$@Bz-8'qž"#$%$*o$8M)594].$*x$u-T8
&*•-"#$%$*o$8M 8Fi8-E-$p*E'Bz*jEV$&*
$@Bz$Yo-E- q*+,-*o$8ML}-q7•-qB‚-@I$*x$‡+#
$%$VB•u-€B-E-EVPQW+#$%$IqKVE$$@*KM#
$%$$@x$1-T8*o$8MF
*8*q'&$z*M#$%$AB•-7*x|U8‹8$@•q1*
XC*0vVE$$@*K-T8M#$%$*o$8M*oq&*F7L HBC--K$‡x
M#$%$Pu*808xM#$%$*oq&*-7$OHE-•- LuM$Š'
BCVB•u78FE- q*+,-$z*q7qB‚-q '$&'$@'MA*
$@Bz*E'PQ-VB•u$‡*E'$@(-B•$@(•-$p*E'-'
5]
qY•-L*o•8V„MFFFB-E-$E-V„M-T8•XsVJEq%M¢$
-1$-E-X $uMˆPu$S-X -'Bz**o$8MFž&B q*
+,-€8' M)0*NM593œ.A$Š'•-+'EBL +78q*
+,-qp$*-T8$@Bz8'qž"#$%$AB•$‡NM5942qY
NM59f5$1$*oVL'&**‘*AqB‚-08jEVqK*-{X u
-8'+*Y${-Xxo$%$$&'(A-7-E-H{-$B‚BŒBz*qS*
M€$YŽ)]œM.ˆ:59f5FŽ-MH¢- *LB‚-Ž&-8'Fj&M*8*8
)5954.-7H{-Vrq*0•q,VŒ&j}-Ž 59]3F’•6*M)595›.
-7H{-jrq*Œ&V}-Ž)533G]3M.:59]3—)F4›4œ.
1.3.1.2 Giai đoạn (1945 -1954)
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$%$*o$8MFˆ$z*$E53«59•]$@Bz8'qžM#$%$qB‚-M‰
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$%$$' ‹1-qp$*$@'-YqSMC*XC*-E-$E-V„M$1-E'$S*E--T8
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-T8*oV"*uB‚’N@w*-T8’J*q/HE'*o
0v@8qz*-T8xo$%$-E-M&F)F4fF4•.
 @ˆ*-*Y$@8L8Pp$‡M*x8M@8-JBC--'qY-1*59•3
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Pu$' P*oL 0v-KM(-T8-E-'&0# q*+,-F•Š$Š'
$*Y•*-T8qI$BC--T8Pu$S--'q801X‡8-pM0}X‡8-pMH}$
X¤$@8qK$$@x-'+E-*YF
NM59]5‰M*x,-L&*$“-{-MS$-S-$@*KL/MM#$%$XC*
‹MALC~uP•V E-q/ƒ*$B$C*-E-'&0#X o0#¦ Văn
hoá nghệ thuật cũng là một mặt trận, anh chị em là chiến sỹ trên mặt
trận ấy¦X @Ÿ*oMXQ-T8-*Y0#o$%$L VQ0v+E
52
-*YVQ0v“‹1-VQ0vuPuFNM59]4$&**o$,-
$@Bz@-IVM#$%$qB‚-$ L%VP''&0#A•-uL M
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+E-*YF
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1.3.2. Mỹ thuật Hiện thực xã hội chủ nghĩa (1954-1986)
1.3.2.1 Giai đoạn (1954 – 1975).
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-E-'&0#Xr-*Y+XC*-E-'&0#XrMC**J*V7xM#$%$
-JBC-$@‰XxMS$+1*F
(-xM#$%$*o$8M$@'8*-S-+E-*Y-1
jEV-1"#F•V*x+7+N0v-J$@‰-T8qY‹1-EVq•$L
x+*$YG/S*8-JxM#$%$$*Y$1Xx-I$L*oL*o
0E$E-B-E-'&0#$z*+• Xs+A‡0E$E-$&'@8qB‚-
*x$E-V„MXC**E$@•L•-0ƒ+E-8'-7*x$E-V„M 8qB‚-
PrL M$ *L*oXA*E-T8L•-0ƒBC- MS$$z*MELƒ8X  'r
*x$$“*$E-*J$ P8+A-…$@'BC-M -J$@$Y*C*
1.3.2.2 Giai đoạn từ (1975 – 1986)
7L x$Jqp$*7VVp$}-q„L M-p1*-'MS$xM#
$%$MC*@8qz*q7L xM#$%$*o$8M08 $1I$qI$BC-F

‡NM59›]q/S*$Q$ MS$P†-JLCM $ $vq/qB‚-*
%HyXA01W-S-$@*KL/MLC-T8-Eu-T87MFFX I$L
$@*KL/MM#$%$$' ‹1-M‰qxq•NMNMMS$Lpq*x -{$‘
@y+BC-'qBzVE$$@*K-T8xM#$%$*o$8M+*qI$
BC-$1I$q/qB‚-‹8$uM•-}$@••@I$*xM‰@8MS$
BCq*LM&M¤-T8xM#$%$FYquM#$%$q/-7PI*o
-T80v-KM($‡MS$xM#$%$,H7XC*-*Y$@8q8HBC-
08VJE-S-01' H(GuPvG/S*-TU8F
59
D8]NMqI$BC-HBC-X '+”MC*$@*KL/MM#$%$$' 
‹1-NM59œ3$v-0vL MS$-S-S*$QLC-T8o$%$$&'(-J
BC-L MS$HBC-$*YJX•$HS-LS$*xMN0E$E-MC*{8•HBC-
VE$$@*KM&M¤$@'WNM$C* I$L XxM•$AWo
$%$F*H*KMS$01$E-V„MB! Tượng Bác Hồ bên suối Lênin)*oV
"*u. Đảo tiền tiêu)&i8&'.FF*8*q'& qI$BC--†-*Y
$@8qx$ *-*YqIX 0JGI$L 8*qx$ *-Tq&'S*P$E-V„M
qB‚-qx-8'•(${-H*K*oF
D8q&*S*J${2)59œ2.+žq•q“*MC*-*YLB‚--E-M&
M‰-ƒ8qI$BC-L MH&XC*-E-BC--KPp08+*$Y$•$@Bz
M•*Bz*M•* VJ*¦ tự cởi trói¦$(M#$%$-€-1X 'P†
-JIXC*0vwLv--T8$‡Bz*F
1.3.3. Mỹ thuật đổi mới (1986 đến nay)
&*S*Lp${2-T8JD)5œ«54«59œ2.q/qB8@8MS$‹Y$
q•-7$O-I$L•-0ƒq1*XC*X%MoqI$BC-‹Y$q•M‰-ƒ8‹Y$
q•q“*MC*F‡-O$@•+*$YG/S*qYXN78o$%$FQ$KL
•‹Y$]-T8S-O$@•XxXN78o$%$F6•*o0#$v-‰*
$@7*X $vP'0E$&'F7L u0uG8$&'$@ 'LB"#$%$q“*
MC*$@ 'LB${f-T8"#$%$*o$8M$@'$Y+”43F
‡q7-7$K$I0v+E-H*o$-T8"#$%$$z*+• 0'XC*$@BC-q7
-OL ‰0v$A$@•(${-H*Kq&$-{$A$@•$vP'0E$&'qx-8'

$O-Eu$A$@•-E-+BC+E-8+A&-Y$(M$†*
WV'-E-MC*F*Y$@8q/‹8WXIqxLCXIqx-T801
qAWXIqx-+A-†qB‚--}$@•FE-o0#‹8Xx
+8*$E-WXIqx-EuW-u-oWX*Hˆ$@J*
*oM-7$O-I$@*$BF•BC-E*(X '$Y*C*S*$uMX 'H
$@'•L H' *FBC-08$%V+”93-A-S-q“*MC*q/-7+Y$
‹J@Ÿ@o$qI$BC-+‰*0,-žLM#$%$-€q&$qB‚-W$ $v
43