Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh
Các cấu trúc và cụm từ thông dụng trong Tiếng Anh phổ thông
1. S + V+ too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something (quá (ai đó) không thể làm gì )
E.g.1. This exercise is too difficult for them to do. E.g.2: He ran too fast for me to follow.
2. S + V + so + adj/ adv + that +S + V (quá đến nỗi mà ),
e.g.1: This box is so heavy that I cannot take it. E.g2: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
3. S + be + such + (a/an) +Adj N
(s)
+ that + S +V (quá đến nỗi mà ). e.g.1: It is such a
heavy box that I cannot take it. E.g.2: They are such interesting books that I cannot ignore them at all.
NOTE : so + adj còn such + N
4. S + be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something. (Đủ cho ai đó làm
gì ). e.g.1: She is old enough to get married. E.g.2: He runs quickly enough to follow them.
( NOTE : S + V + enough + N
(s)
for sb/ sth to do…
E.g: She has enough money to spend./ It’s enough time for us to do this exercise.)
5. A, Have/ get + something + done (V
pII
) (mình không tự làm mà nhờ ai hoặc thuê ai
làm gì ).
e.g.1: I had my hair cut yesterday. E.g.2: I’d like to have my shoes repaired.
( tương đương với cấu trúc trên: WANT/ WOULD LIKE sth P
II (
nhưng không thông dụng)
E.g: I want my car washed.
B, have/ make sb do sth = get sb to do sth : sai ai, khiến ai, bảo ai làm gì.
( NOTE: “ to make” Khi dùng bị động TO BE MADE TO DO …)
Eg: They make the children study so much → The children are made to study so much.)
6. It‘s time + S + V(simple past) / It’s time +for someone +to do something (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm
gì ), e.g.1: It is time you had a shower. E.g.2: It’s time for me to ask all of you for this question.

7. How long does/ did it take sb to do …? Hỏi ai làm 1 việc gì mất bao nhiêu thời gian
It + takes/took+ someone + time + to do something (làm gì mất bao nhiêu thời gian ).
e.g.1: How long does it take them to get to school? - It takes them 5 minutes to get to school.
e.g.2: How long did it take him to do this exercise yesterday? - It took him 10 minutes to do it.
8. To prevent/stop + someone/something + From + V-ing (ngăn cản ai/cái gì không làm gì ).
e.g.1: They stop/ prevent me from playing that game.
9. S + find+ it+ adj to do something (thấy để làm gì ).
e.g.1: I find it very difficult to learn about English. E.g.2: They found it easy to overcome that problem.
10.A. To prefer + Noun / V-ing + to + Noun / V-ing. (Thích cái gì/làm gì hơn cái gì).
e.g.1: I prefer dogs to cats. E.g.2: I prefer reading books to watching TV.
B. would prefer to do sth rather than ( do) sth else. (Thích làm gì hơn làm gì).
E.g: I’d prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go out.
11.Would rather + V
inf
+ than + (V
inf )
(thích làm gì hơn làm gì).
e.g.1: She would rather play games than read books. E.g.2: I’d rather learn English than learn Biology.
12.To be/get Used to + V-ing (quen làm gì), e.g.1: I am used to eating with chopsticks.
13.Used to + V
(inf)

(Thường làm gì trong qk và bây giờ không làm nữa), e.g.1: I used to go fishing
with my friend when I was young. E.g.2: She used to smoke 10 cigarettes a day.
Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh
14. to be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing: ngạc nhiên về
15. to be angry at + N/V-ing: tức giận về
16. to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing: giỏi về / kém về
17. by chance = by accident (adv): tình cờ
18. to be/get tired of + N/V-ing: mệt mỏi về

19. can’t stand/ help/ bear/ resist + V-ing: không nhịn được làm gì
20. to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing : thích làm gì đó
21. to be interested in + N/V-ing: quan tâm đến
22. to waste + time/ money + V-ing: tốn tiền hoặc tg làm gì
23. To spend + amount of time/ money + V-ing: dành bao nhiêu thời gian làm gì
24. To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: dành thời gian vào việc gì ,
e.g.1: I spend 2 hours reading books a day. E.g.2: She spent all of her money on clothes.
25. to give up + V-ing/ N: từ bỏ làm gì/ cái gì
26. would like/ want/wish + to do something: thích làm gì
27. have + (something) to + Verb: có cái gì đó để làm E.g: I have some letters to write.
28. It + be + something/ someone + that/ who: chính mà E.g: It’s the letter that I sent you.
29. Had better + V
(inf)
: nên làm gì (-) Had better not + V
(inf)
(?) Had + S + better V
(inf)
30. It’s + adj (for sb) to + V-infinitive: gì để làm gì It’s difficult for me to learn English well
31. Take place = happen = occur: xảy ra
32. to be excited about: thích thú
33. to be bored with/ fed up with: chán cái gì/làm gì
34. There is + N-số ít, there are + N-số nhiều: có cái gì
35. go + V-ing: chỉ các trỏ tiêu khiển (go camping )
36. leave someone alone: để ai yên
37. By + V-ing: bằng cách làm
38. want/ plan/ agree/ wish/ attempt/ decide/ demand/ expect/ mean/ offer/ prepare/ happen/ hesitate/
hope/ afford/ intend/ manage/ try/ learn/ pretend/ promise/ seem/ refuse + TO + V-infinitive,
e.g.1: I decide to study English.
39. for a long time = for years = for ages: đã nhiều năm rồi (dùng trong thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
40. when + S + V(QkĐ), S + was/were + V-ing.

41. When + S + V(qkd), S + had + P
II
E.g: When I came there he had left.
42. Before + S + V(qkd), S + had + P
II
43. After + S + had +P
II
, S + V(qkd)
44. to be crowded with: rất đông cài gì đó
45. to be full of: đầy cài gì đó
46. To be/ seem/ sound/ became/ feel/ appear/ look/ go/ turn/ grow +get adj (đây là các động từ tri
giác có nghĩa là:có vẻ như/ là/ dường như/ trở nên sau chúng ta dùng adj chứ không dùng adv)
47. except for/ apart from: ngoài, trừ
48. as soon as: ngay sau khi
49. could hardly: hầu như không ( chú ý: hard ( chăm chỉ) khác hardly ( hầu như không) )
50. Have difficulty + V-ing: gặp khó khăn làm gì
Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh
51. Chỳ ý phõn bit 2 loi tớnh t V-ed v V-ing: dựng -ed miờu t v ngi, -ing cho vt. v khi mun
núi v bn cht ca c ngi v vt ta dựng ing, e.g.1: That film is boring. E.g.2: He is bored.
52. Put up with + V-ing: chu ng
53. Make use of + N/ V-ing: tn dng cỏi gỡ
54. Make progress: tin b
55. take over + N: m nhim cỏi gỡ
56. Bring about: mang li
57. At the end of : cui cỏi gỡ ú ( at the end of this month) v In the end = finally : kt cc, cui cựng
58. To find out : tỡm ra, To succeed in: thnh cụng trong
59. Go for a walk: i do/ go on holiday/picnic: i ngh
60. One of + so sỏnh hn nht + Ns: mt trong nhng
61. It is the first/ second /best + Time + thỡ hin ti hon thnh
62. Live in: sng / Live at + a ch c th/ Live on: sng nh vo

63. To be fined for: b pht v 69. from behind: t phớa sau
70. so that + mnh : E.g : I worked hard so that we could pass the exam.
71. In case + mnh : trong trng hp
72. can/ could/ may might/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ must/ ought to (modal Verbs) + Vinf
Some Gerunds and Infinitives
1. V + V-ing 2. V + to V 3. V + O + V 4. V + O + to V
Appreciate: ỏnh giỏ
Admit : tha nhn
Avoid : trỏnh
Cant help : khụng nhn c
Cant stand : khụng chu c
Cant bear khụng chu c
Consider xem xột
Deny : t chi
Dislike / enjoy/ finish
Feel like: thõy muụn lam viờc gi
Give up : t b
Imagine : tng tng
Keep (on) : tip tc
Look forward to : mong ch cỏi gỡ
Mention : ờ cõp n
Object to: phn i
Practise : luyn tp
Put off: hoan lai
Risk : liu lnh
Suggest : gi ý
Be/get used to: quen vi
Be worth : ỏng
Hate: ghột, cm thự
Postpone/ delay : trỡ hoón

Mind: lu tõm, ý
Fancy/ Imagine:thớch, tng tng
Afford: cố gắng
Appear: có vẻ
Arrange: sắp xếp
Decide: quyết định
Fail: thất bại
Forget: quên
Happen: bất ngờ
Intend: định
Learn: biết
Manage: cố gắng
Mean: muốn
Offer: muốn
Plan: dự định
Prepare: chuẩn bị
Promise: hứa
Refuse: từ chối
Seem: dờng nh
Threaten: đe doạ
Hope: hy vọng
Expect: mong
Hesitate: ngần ngại
Agree: đồng ý
Want/ wish: muốn
Attempt: cố gắng
Tend: định
Make
Let
Have

Hope
Catch
See
Watch
Feel
Find
Hear
Overhear
Observe
Advise: khuyên
Allow: cho phép
Encourage: khuyến khích
Force: bắt buộc
Invite: mời
Order: ra lệnh
Persuade: thuyết phục
Remind: nhắc nhở
Teach: dạy
Tell: bảo
Warn: cảnh báo
Show: chỉ bảo
Command: yêu cầu
Ask: yêu cầu
Urge: bắt buộc
Expect : mong i
1. She cant stand lớstening to that kind of music. 2. I afford to read this book
3. My teacher makes me do this exercise. 4. She advises him to see this film
Nguyen danh cuong THCS le van thinh
Some us eful structures
+ To be able to do st: co kha nang bam sinh

lam gi
+ To be absent from : nghi, vang mat khoi
+ To be/get acquainted with st :quen voi cai gi
+ To be fond of doing st/ st : say me lam gi/cai
gi
+ To be afraid of (doing) st : so dieu gi
+ To be aimed at st/sb :nham vao ai/
cai gi
+ To agree with sb : dong y voi ai
+ To be angry at/with : tuc gian ai/
cai gi
+ To be annoyed at/about st/sb: kho chiu ve
ai/dieu gi
+ To be surprised at st : ngac nhien ve cai gi
+ To be frightened of st : hoang so cai gi
+ To be bored with doing st: chan nan lam viec
gi
+ To be worried about st/sb: lo lang ve ai/cai gi
+ To be embarrassed by/st:nguong ngung ve
dieu gi
+ To be interested in doing st/st: thu vi (lam) cai
gi
+ To apologized to sb for st : xin loi ai ve dieu
gi
+ To apply st in st/doing st ap dung cai gi vao
cai gi/ lam dieu gi
+ apply for: nop don xin viec/ hoc
+ To approved of st= to agree with: tan thanh
+ To argue with sb about st: tranh luan voi ai ve
+ To arrange for sb to do st: sap xep ai lam viec

gi
+ To ask sb for a lift : hoi ai di nho xe
+ To attract sb to do st : thu hut ai lam dieu gi
+ To avert from : ngoanh lai
+ To be aware of sb/st :biet,y thucve ai/cai gi
+ To bark at : sua(cho)
+ To bear on :co anh huong, co lien quan ve
+ To beg sb for st : xin ai cai gi
+ To beg sb to do st : xin ai lam cai gi
+ To believe in sb/st : tin vao ai/cai gi
+ To benefit from doing st/st : co loi tu
lam cai gi
+ To boast about st : noi khoac ve cai gi
+ To borrow st from sb/ borrow sb st :
muon cai gi cua ai
+ To cheer sb up : lam cho ai vui ve
+ To check in to/ investigate : dieu tra
+ To be clever with st : kheo leo ve cai gi
+ To be clever at doing st/st : gioi ve lam
cai gi
+ To be close to sb/st : gan gui
ai/cai gi
+ To compare with : so sanh voi
+ To complain to sb about st: phan nan voi
ai ve …
+ To consider (doing) st : chu y, xem xet lam
gi
+ To consist of st : bao gom cai gi
+ To contrast with st : tuong phan voi
+ To contrast st with st :so sanh cai gi voi cai

gi
+ To pay sb money for st: tra ai bao nhieu tien
ve
+ To be cruel to sb >< kind to sb : doc ac voi
ai
+ To deal with=solve : giai quyet
+ To depend on st/sb : le thuoc ve ai/cai
gi
+ To die at the age of : chet o do tuoi
+ To differ from sb : bat dong voi ai
+ To direct sb to do st : chi dan ai lam gi
+ To do one’s best to do st : co gang lam
cai gi
+ To do st by mistake : lam cai gi sai
+ To dream of/about st/sb : mo ve ai/cai gi
+ To distinguish from : phan biet
khac nhau
+ To do teaching practice: di thuc tap su pham
+ To do militry drills : di tap quan su
+ To be late/early for : muon/ som
+ To encourage sb to do st: khuyen khich ai lam
+ To be engaged to sb : dinh hon voi ai
+ To escape from/escape to :tron khoi/tron den
Style
Những cách diễn đạt một câu văn có thể là:
1. Dùng tính từ thay cho danh từ
EX: They show no interest in the picture
They are not interested in the picture.
2. Dùng động từ thay cho danh từ
Ex; We had a look at the picture

We look at the picture.
3. Dùng thể bị động của V thay cho thể chủ động và ngợc lại.
Ex; He has finished his home work
His home work has been finished by hfim
4. Dùng phó từ thay cho tính từ va ngợc lại
Ex; He can type well
He is a good typist.
Mot so tu duoc su dung duoi dang V va N
look at
think about
know about
agree
contact sb
exchange
argue with sb
disagree
complain about
land
receive st
need
love sb
brush st
arrange with sb
tend to
intend to V
desire to
visit sb
discuss st
talk to
explain st

call sb
be interested in
drink
photograph
welcome sb
kiss sb
laugh at
ring sb
warn
try to V
meet sb
rest
sleep
bath
examine
have a look at
give thought to
have knowledge of
be in agreement
have contact with sb
have an exchange of
have an argument with
be in disagreement
have a complaint about
make a landing
be in receipt of st
have a need of
fall in love with sb
give st a brush
have an arrangement with sb

have a tendency to
have an intention of Ving
have a desire to
pay a visit to sb
have a dicussion about
have a talk with
give an explaination for
give sb a call
have interest in
have a drink
have a photograph of
give sb a welcome
give sb a kiss
give a laugh at
give sb a ring
give warning
make an effort to
have a meeting with
have a rest
have a sleep
have a bath
have an examination.
nhin
nghi ve
hieu biet ve
dong y
lien lac
trao doi
tranh luan voi
khong dong y voi

phan nan ve
ha canh
nhan
can
yeu ai
chai
hen ai
co khuynh huong
du dinh
uoc ao
tham
thao luan
noi chuyen
giai thich
goi ai
thich quan tam
uong
chup anh
don tiep
hon
cuoi
goi dien cho ai
canh bao
co gang lam
gap go
nghi, giai lao
ngu
tam
kham, kiem tra.
5

Một số mẫu câu thường gặp
1. Cấu trúc câu mang nghĩa bao hàm
– Đó là lối nói gộp hai ý trong câu làm một thông qua một số các cụm từ. Hai thành phần trong câu
phải tương đương nhau về mặt từ loại: danh từ với danh từ, tính từ với tính từ,
1.1. Not only but also (không những mà còn )
S + verb + not only + noun/adj/adv + but also + noun/adj/adv
Hoặc:
S + not only verb + but also + verb
Robert is not only talented but also handsome.
He writes not only correctly but also neatly.
She can play not only the guitar but also the violin.
She not only plays the piano but also composes music.
Thành phần sau 'but also' thường quyết định thành phần sau 'not only'.
Incorrect: He is not only famous in Italy but also in Switzerland.
Correct: He is famous not only in Italy but also in Switzerland.
1.2. As well as (vừa vừa )
– Cũng giống như cấu trúc trên, các thành phần đằng trước và đằng sau cụm từ này phải tương đương
với nhau.
S + verb + noun/adj/adv + as well as + noun/adj/adv
Hoặc:
S + verb + as well as + verb
Ví dụ:
Robert is talented as well as handsome.
He writes correctly as well as neatly.
She plays the guitar as well as the violin.
Paul plays the piano as well as composes music.
Chú ý: Không được nhầm thành ngữ này với as well as của hiện tượng đồng chủ ngữ mang nghĩa cùng
với.
The teacher, as well as her students, is going to the concert.
My cousins, as well as Tim, have a test tomorrow.

1.3. Both and (vừa vừa)
– Công thức dùng giống hệt như not only but also. Both chỉ được dùng với and, không được dùng với
as well as.
Robert is both talented and handsome.
Paul both plays the piano and composes music.
2. Một số cấu trúc câu cầu khiến
2.1. To have sb do sth = to get sb to do sth = khiến ai, bảo ai làm gì
I’ll have Peter fix my car.
I’ll get Peter to fix my car.
2.2. To have/to get sth done = làm một việc gì bằng cách thuê người khác
I have my hair cut. (Tôi đi cắt tóc - chứ không phải tôi tự cắt)
I have my car washed. (Tôi mang xe đi rửa ngoài dịch vụ - không phải tự rửa)
Theo khuynh hướng này động từ to want và would like cũng có thể dùng với mẫu câu như vậy: To
want/ would like Sth done. (ít dùng)
I want/ would like my car washed.
2.3. To make sb do sth = to force sb to do sth = Bắt buộc ai phải làm gì
The bank robbers made the manager give them all the money.
The bank robbers forced the manager to give them all the money.
Đằng sau tân ngữ của “make” có thể dùng 1 tính từ: To make sb/sth + adj
6
Wearing flowers made her more beautiful.
Chemical treatment will make this wood more durable
2.4. To make sb + P2 = làm cho ai bị làm sao
Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday.
2.5. To cause sth + P2 = làm cho cái gì bị làm sao
The big thunder storm caused many waterfront houses damaged.
2.6. To let sb do sth = to permit/allow sb to do sth = để cho ai, cho phép ai làm gì
I let me go.
At first, she doesn’t allow me to kiss her but
3. Lối nói phụ họa

3.1. Phụ họa câu khẳng định
– Khi muốn nói một người hoặc vật nào đó làm một việc gì đó và một người, vật khác cũng làm một
việc như vậy, người ta dùng so hoặc too. Để tránh phải lặp lại các từ của câu trước (mệnh đề chính),
người ta dùng liên từ and và thêm một câu đơn giản (mệnh đề phụ) có sử dụng so hoặc too. Ý nghĩa
của hai từ này có nghĩa là “cũng thế”.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we.
I will be in Vietnam in May, and they will too.
I will be in Vietnam in May, and so will they.
He has seen her play, and the girls have too.
He has seen her play, and so have the girls.
We are going to the movie tonight, and he is too.
We are going to the movie tonight, and so is he.
She will wear a custom to the party, and we will too.
She will wear a custom to the party, and so will we.
Picaso was a famous painter, and Rubens was too.
Picaso was a famous painter, and so was Rubens.
Tuỳ theo từ nào được dùng mà cấu trúc câu có sự thay đổi:
– Khi trong mệnh đề chính có động từ be ở bất cứ thời nào thì trong mệnh đề phụ cũng dùng từ be ở
thời đó.
Affirmative statement (be) + and + S + verb + too
Affirmative statement (be) + and + so + verb + S
I am happy, and you are too.
I am happy, and so are you.
– Khi trong mệnh đề chính có một cụm trợ động từ + động từ], ví dụ will go, should do, has done, have
written, must consider, thì các trợ động từ trong mệnh đề đó được dùng lại trong mệnh đề phụ.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and you will too.
They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.
– Khi trong mệnh đề chính không phải là động từ be, cũng không có trợ động từ, bạn phải dùng các từ
do, does, did làm trợ động từ thay thế. Thời và thể của trợ động từ này phải chia theo chủ ngữ của

mệnh đề phụ.
Affirmative statement + and + S + do/does/did + too
Affirmative statement + and + so + do/does/did + S
Jane goes to that school, and my sister does too.
Jane goes to that school, and so does my sister.
3.2. Phụ hoạ câu phủ định
– Cũng giống như too và so trong câu khẳng định, để phụ hoạ một câu phủ định, người ta dùng 'either'
(cũng) hoặc 'neither' (cũng không). Ba quy tắc đối với trợ động từ, động từ be hoặc do, does, did cũng
được áp dụng giống như trên. Ta cũng có thể gói gọn 3 quy tắc đó vào một công thức như sau:
Negative statement + and + S + negative auxiliary (or be) + either
Negative statement + and + neither + positive auxiliary (or be) + S
I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either
I didn't see Mary this morning, and neither did John.
7
She won’t be going to the conference, and her friends won’t either.
She won’t be going to the conference, and neither will her friends.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and I haven’t either.
John hasn’t seen the new movie yet, and neither have I.
4. Các cấu trúc khác
4.1. Enough: đủ….để có thể làm gì
• Đi với tính từ hoặc trạng từ, enough thường đứng sau:
S + verb + adv + enough + (for somebody) + to + verb…
S + tobe + adj + enough + (for somebody) + to + verb….
Ví dụ:
Coffee is hot enough for me to drink
This exercise is easy enough for us to do.
This motorbike drives fast enough to Ha Dong.
• Đi với danh từ, enough thường đứng trước:
S + verb + enough + noun (for somebody) + to verb…
S + verb + enough + for something

Ví dụ:
I have enough money to buy a car.
They grow enough rice to live.
It’s enough time for us to do the exercise.
Have you got enough vegetable for dinner?
Do you have enough sugar for the cake?
4.2. Too…: quá để có thể làm gì.
Cấu trúc này điễn tả mức độ vượt quá khả năng để làm gì đó
Cấu trúc:
S + verb + too + adv + (for somebody) + to + verb ….
S + tobe + too + adj + (for somebody) + to + verb…
Ví dụ:
The coffee is too hot for me to drink.
He is too young to love.
He spoke too quickly for us to understand.
The bus drives too fast for us to keep pace with.
4.3. So/such….that….: đến nỗi mà
• So ….that….
Cấu trúc: S + tobe + so + adj + that + a clause
S + verb + so + adv + that + a clause
Ví dụ:
The exercise is so difficult that I can’t do it.
The food is so hot that we can’t eat it.
He spoke so quickly that I can’t hear him.
The bus drives so fast that they can’t catch it.
• Such…that…
Cấu trúc:
S/it + tobe + such + (a/an)+ adj + noun + that + a clause
S/it + verb + such + (a/an) + adj + noun + that + a clause
Ví dụ:

It is such a difficult exercise that we can’t do it.
We bought such a modern car that we couldn’t dream.
Chú ý: nếu danh từ là không đếm được thì không dùng “a/an”
This is such difficult homework that we can’t finish it.
He invested such much money that we couldn’t imagine.
4.4. Adj + to verb
8
Cấu trúc: It + tobe + adj + for somebody + to verb….
Ví dụ:
It’s necessary for us to protect environment.
It’s difficult for him to pass the exam.
4.5. It’s + adj + of + object + to + verb….
Ví dụ:
It’s kind of him to help me = He is kind to help me.
(anh ta thật tốt bụng vì đã giúp đỡ tôi)
It’s cowardly of him to run away= he is cowardly to run away.
(anh ta thật hèn nhát vì đã bỏ chạy)
4.6. It takes/took + object + khoảng thời gian + to verb… .
= somebody spend/spent + khoảng thời gian + V-ing…: mất bao lâu để ai đó làm việc gì.
Ví dụ:
It takes me 15 minutes to go to school by bike.
= I spend 15 minutes going to school by bike.
It took him a year to study English
= He spent a year studying English.
It took her 2 hours to type this document.
= She spent 2 hours typing this document.
4.7. It’s + khoảng thời gian + since + clause (simple past): được bao lâu từ khi……
Ví dụ:
It’s a week since I saw Nam
It’s a year since they visited me.

It’s ages since it rained here.
4.8. It’s the first time + clause (present perfect): đây là lần đầu tiên….
= …… before
Ví dụ:
It’s the first time I’ve ever visited this town.
= I’ve never visited this town before.
It’s the first time he has ever sent me a letter.
= He has never sent me a letter before.
It’s the first time she has ever arrived late.
= She has never arrived late before.
4.9. It is/was not until + time + that + clause : mãi cho đến khi………
Ví dụ:
It was not until 1990 that she became a teacher. (mãi đến năm 1990,cô ấy mới trở thành giáo viên)
It was not until 1915 that the cinema really became an industry.
(mãi đến năm 1915 điện ảnh mới thực sự trở thành một ngành công nghiệp)
9
Bài tập 1: Phụ họa với những câu dưới đây:
Ví dụ: Nam likes fish. (I) –> Nam likes fish, so
do I.
1. He came early, (she)
2. She knows you quite well, (her husband)
3. My friend lived in Hai Phong, (his sister)
4. These books don’t belong to me, (those)
5. I don’t believe it, (my friend)
6. I don’t like the hot weather, (my wife)
7. Trees don’t grow very well here, (grass)
Bài tập 2: Kết hợp hai câu sau, sử dụng
"too " or "enough ":
1. It was very dark. I couldn`t see the
words.

2. It was early. I couldn`t tell you once
more story.
3. Dick is very clever. He can learn this in
a short time.
4. My mother is very old. She cannot do
that work.
5. That house isn`t large. We can`t stay
there for the night.
6. Daisy was very short. She couldn`t
reach the picture.
7. Jack is very clever. He can do this work.
8. The little girl was so shy. She couldn`t
tell me the story.
9. The driver was very hurried. He
couldn`t wait for me.
Bài tập 3: Viết lại các câu sau với từ cho sẵn
sao cho nghĩa của câu không thay đổi.
1. It’s the first time they’ve ever bought me a
present.
–> They……………………………….
2. Peter isn’t tall enough to reach the
bookself.
–> Peter is……………………………………
3. John worked very carefully . It took him a
long time to finish his work.
–> John worked so……………………………………………
4. Thank you for helping me.
–> It was very kind …………………
5. Mrs Green told Alice to take the books
home.

–> Mrs Green had …………………………….
6. You can’t understand those things because
you are too young.
–> You aren’t ………………………………………………
7. This shirt is too dirty for me to wear.
–> This shirt isn’t ………………………….
8. Boiling an egg is not difficult.
–> It’s…………………………
9. We spent 5 hours getting to London.
–> It took……………………………….
10. They last visited me five years ago.
–> They haven’t ………………….
11. His briefcase was too full for the zip
fastener to close properly.
–> His briefcase was so full……………………………
12. The last time I played football was in
1971.
–> I haven’t…………………………………….
13. Their dog was so fierce that nobody would
visit them.
–> They had…………………………………………
14. The noise next door didn’t stop until after
midnight.
–> It was not…………………………………….
Bài tập 4: Kết hợp câu dùng “not only…but
also” hoặc “both….and”
1. He is interested in planting orchids. He
is interested in collecting butterflies.
(not only….but also…)
2. You can visit the West End in

London. You can visit the East End in
London. (both….and )
3. You can attend the party. Your sister
can attend the party. (both….and…)
4. She can sing beautifully. She can
play the piano well. (not only….but
also…)
5. I can drink coffee black. I can drink
coffee with sugar. (both…and…)
6. She is good at maths. She is good at
English. (not only ….but also….)

10
KEYS
Bài 1:
1. He came early, so did she/she did too.
2. She knows you quite well, her husband does
too.
3. My friend lived in Hai Phong, so did his sister
4. These books don’t belong to me, those don’t
either / neither do those.
5. I don’t believe it, my friend doesn’t either.
6. I don’t like the hot weather, neither does my
wife
7. Trees don’t grow very well here, grass does
neither.
11
Bài 2:
1. It was too dark for me to see the words.
2. It was too early for me to tell you once more

story.
3. Dick is clever enough to learn this in a short
time.
4. My mother is too old to do that work.
5. That house isn`t large enough for us to stay
there for the night.
6. Daisy was too short to reach the picture.
7. Jack is clever enough to do this work.
8. The little girl was too shy to tell me the story.
9. The driver was too hurried to wait for me.
Bài 3:
1. It’s the first time they’ve ever bought me a
present.
–> They have never bought me a present
before.
2. Peter isn’t tall enough to reach the bookself.
–> Peter is too short to reach the bookself.
3. John worked very carefully . It took him a
long time to finish his work.
–> John worked so carefully that it took him a
long time to finish his work.
4. Thank you for helping me.
–> It was very kind of you to help me.
5. Mrs Green told Alice to take the books home.
–> Mrs Green had Alice take the books home
Hoặc:
–> Mrs Green had the books taken home by
Alice.
6. You can’t understand those things because
you are too young.

–> You aren’t old enough to understand those
things.
7. This shirt is too dirty for me to wear.
–> This shirt isn’t clean enough for me to wear.
8. Boiling an egg is not difficult.
–> It’s easy to boil an egg.
9. We spent 5 hours getting to London.
–> It took us 5 hours to get to London.
10. They last visited me five years ago.
–> They haven’t visited me for five years.
11. His briefcase was too full for the zip fastener
to close properly.
–> His briefcase was so full that the zip fastener
couldn’t close properly.
12. The last time I played football was in 1971.
–> I haven’t played football since 1971.
13. Their dog was so fierce that nobody would
visit them.
–> They had such a fierce dog that nobody
would visit them.
14. The noise next door didn’t stop until after
midnight.
–> It was not until after midnight that the noise
next door stopped.
Bài 4:
1. He is interested in not only planting
orchids but also collecting butterflies.
2. You can visit both the West End and the
East End in London.
3. Both you and your sister can attend the

party the party.
4. She can not only sing beautifully but also
play the piano well.
5. I can drink both coffee black and coffee
with sugar.
6. She is good at not only maths but also
English.