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APPENDIX
GLOSSARY
AABB Axis-Aligned Bounding Box
AOT Ahead-Of-Time compilation; particularly for Java
API Application Programming Interface
ARB OpenGL Architecture Review Board
ARM Advanced RISC Machines; a popular embedded processor family
ARM7 ARM processor family with ARMv4 instruction set
ARM9 ARM processor family with ARMv5 instruction set
ARM11 ARM processor family with ARMv6 instruction set
ARMv4 ARM processor instruction set version four
ARMv5 ARM processor instruction set version five
ARMv6 ARM processor instruction set version six
baseband The part of a mobile phone that handles radio communication
BRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function
BREW Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless; an execution environment controlled
by Qualcomm
BSP Binary Space Partitioning
415
416 GLOSSARY APPENDIX C
BVH Bounding Volume Hierarchy
CDC Connected Device Configuration; the high-end configuration of mobile Java
CL Common Lite; the OpenGL ES profile with no floating-point support
CLDC Connected Limited Device Configuration; the mainstream configuration of
mobile Java
CLZ Count Leading Zeros; machine inst ruction on ARMv5 processors and later
CM Common; the mainstream OpenGL ES profile
COLLADA COLLAborative Design Activity; an interchange format for digital content
creation tools; a Khronos standard

CPU Central Processing Unit
DAG Directed Acyclic Graph
DCC Digital Content Creation; usually relates to tools for creating 3D content, such as
3dsMaxorMaya
DCT Discrete Cosine Transform; used in, e.g., JPEG image compression
DLL Dynamic Link Library
DOM Document Object Model; relates to SVG and other W3C standards
DSP Digital Signal Processor
EG Expert Group
EGL OpenGL ES Native Platform Graphics Interface; a Khronos standard
FBO Frame Buffer Object
FIFO First-In-First-Out, a queue data structure
FPU Floating-Point Unit
GCC GNU C Compiler
GL Graphics Library (short for OpenGL)
GPS Global Positioning System
GPU Graphics Processing Unit; graphics hardware
GSM Global System for Mobile
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IVA Imaging and Video Accelerator; particularly in mobile devices
Java ME Java Micro Edition; the most ubiquitous application platform for mobile devices
JAR Java Archive; the delivery format of Java applications
JCP Java Community Process; the Java standardization organization that produces JSRs
JIT Just-In-Time compilation; particularly for Java
JNI Java Native Interface
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group; a compressed image file format
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY 417
JSR Java Specification Request
JSR 135 Mobile Media API (MMAPI)
JSR 184 Mobile 3D Graphics API (M3G)

JSR 226 Scalable Vector Graphics API
JSR 239 Java bindings for OpenGL ES
JSR 248 Mobile Service API for CLDC
JSR 287 Scalable Vector Graphics API 2.0
JSR 297 Mobile 3D Graphics API (M3G) 2.0
JVM Java Virtual Machine
JWT Java Wireless Toolkit by Sun Microsystems
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LCDUI Limited Connected Device User Interface, in Java MIDP
LOD Level-Of-Detail; a technique for showing simpler models for far-away objects to
speed up rendering
MAC Multiply-And-Accumulate; a machine instruction for multiplication followed by
addition
M3G Mobile 3D Graphics API (JSR 184)
MHz Megahertz
midlet A Java application for mobile Java (Java MIDP); also known as MIDlet
MIDP Mobile Information Device Profile; the most widespread Java profile
MSA Mobile Service Architecture (JSR 248); combines multiple JSRs into a more unified
platform
native code Machine code; compiled into the native instruction set of the CPU
NDC Normalized Device Coordinates
node Element in a scene graph
OBB Oriented Bounding Box
OpenGL Open Graphics Library
OpenGL ES OpenGL for Embedded Systems; a Khronos standard
OpenKODE A collection of Khronos multimedia APIs, plus a core API that abst racts
operating system resources to minimize source code changes when porting games
and applications
OpenMAX A Khronos API that provides streaming media codecs (for sound, video) and
application portability

OpenML Open Multimedia Library; the first standard produced by Khronos (not aimed
for embedded devices)
OpenSL ES Open Sound Library for Embedded Systems; a Khronos standard
418 GLOSSARY APPENDIX C
OpenVG Open Vector Graphics; a Khronos standard
OS Operating System
PDA Personal Digital Assistant; a handheld data organizer
PNG Portable Network Graphics; a popular lossless image format
PVS Potentially Visible Set
RAM Random Access Memory
RISC Reduced Instruction Set CPU
ROM Read-Only Memory
QV GA Quarter-VGA resolution; 320 × 240 or 240 × 320 pixels
RGB Red-Green-Blue
RGBA Red-Green-Blue-Alpha
RVCT RealView Compiler Tools from ARM
S60 Symbian-based UI platform from Nokia, previously known as Series 60
SDK Software Development Kit
SVG Scalable Vector Graphics; a W3C standard
UI User Interface
URL Universal Resource Locator; a link to Internet content
VBO Vertex Buffer Object
VGA Video Graphics Array, a display resolution of 640 × 480 pixels
VM Virtual Machine; particularly for Java
WIPI Wireless Internet Platform for Interoperability; mobile platform used in South
Korea
W3C World Wide Web Consortium
XML eXtensible Markup Language
XREF eXternal REFerence; particularly in the M3G file format
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