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6 BO GIAO D UC VA DAO TAO

HOC VIES CHINHTRIQUOC GIA HO CHI MINH

CPv'J-H

DO

TDSn TRlVN

THUC HBEN PHAP LUAT TRONG HOAT DONG

CUA LUC LUONG CONG AN NHAN DAN

BAO Vt

TRAT TU, AN TOAN XA HOl 0 NUOC TA HlfiN NAY

Chuyen nganh: Ly luan nha nude va pfrap quy^n

Ma sd:

5.05.01

LUAN AN PHO THsN Si KHOA HOC LUAT HOC

-~~:i

|j_ JHtrVtEN ||
Nguoi hirerng din khoa hoc:

GS, PTS Hoarag Van Hao
PTS
Udiwg Chu Liru

u pts.137
HA NOl - 1996


Ldl CAM DOAN

Tdi xin cam doan day la cdng trinh nghien cmi cua rieng tdi. Cac sd lku,

ket qua neu trong luan an la trung thac va chua timg duqc ai cbng bd trong
ba't ki cbng trinh nao khac.

Do Tien Trien


BANG CAC CHU HIEU VIET TAT

1- ANQG :

An ninh quoc gia

2- CAND


Cbng an nhan dan

:

cn

- CHXHCNVN:

Cdng hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam

4- CNCS

:

, Chu nghia cbng san

5- CNTB

:

Chu nghia tu ban

6- CNXH :

Chu nghia xa hdi

7- CSND

Canh sat nhan dan


8- HDBT

:

Hdi d6ng bd truong

:

Trat tu, an toan xa hoi

9-TTATXH

10- VNDCCH

Viet Nam dan chu cong hoa

11- XHCN

Xa hoi chu nghia

:


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U

J

MUC LUC
Trang

1

Ma dau.

Chuang 1: Thue hien phap luat - phuang thuc hoat dong
ca ban cua lire Iirqng Cong an nhan dan trong ITnh vuc
bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hoi.

9

1.1. Khai niem ve thuc hi£n phap luat.

9

1.2. Dac trung hoat ddng thuc hien phap luat cua Cdng an
nh&n dan trong lmh vuc bao v£ trat tu, an toan xa hdi.

20

1.3. Thuc hi£n phap luat trong hoat ddng cua Cdng an nhan
dan vdi chuc nang bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi.

32


Chuang 2: Qua trinh hoat dong thuc hien phap luat cua
Cong an nhan dan trong lmh vuc bao ve trat tu, an toan

xa hoi.

51

2.1. Giai doan 1945- 1954

51

2.2. Giai doan

1954 - 1975

54

2.3. Giai doan

1975 - 1985

57

2.4. Giai doan

ttr 1986 d£nnay.

61


2.4.1. Thuc trang thuc hidnphap luat.

61

2.4.2. Nguydn nhan cua nhung khuvet diem, yeu kern trong
thuc hi£n phap luat.

82


Chuang 3: Nang cao hieu qua thuc hien phap luat cua

Cong an nhan dan trong finh vuc bao ve trat tu. an toan
xa hoi - Nhung giai phap ca ban.

96

3.1. Yeu cdu cua thuc hien phap luat bao ve trat tu. an toan

xa hdi trong giai doan moi.

96

3.2. Phuong hudng va giai phap nang cao hieu qua thuc hien

phap luat cua Cdng an nhan dan trong llnh vuc bao ve trat'tu.

an toan xa hdi.

105


3.2.1. Phuong hudng thuc hien phap luat.

105

3.2.2. Giai phap gdp ph£n nang cao hieu qua thuc hien phap

107

luat.
3.3. Mdt sd kieh nghi va de xu£t.

117

Ket luan

126

Danh muc tai lieu tham khao

130

Phu luc.

135

i


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MO DAU

Z- Tinh cap thiet cua de tai.
- Quan ly xa hdi bang phap luat la phuong thuc quan ly co ban cua moi

aha nude hien dai. Nha nude ta la nha nude xa hdi chu nghia, cua dan, do dan
va vi dan, Nha nude do phai quan ly xa hdi bang phap luat va khdng ngimg
tang cudng phap che' xa hdi chu nghia. T6 chuc thuc hien phap luat la mat

quan trong de bao dam phap che'. Thuc hien phap luat trong hoat ddng cua

cdng an nhan dan tren linh vuc bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi la mdt ndi dung

co ban cua hoat ddng quan ly nha nude, gop phan xay dung xa hdi On dinh va
phat tri^n la ddi hoi ta't ye'u khach quan cua cdng cube ddi mdi o nude ta hien

nav.
Tu Dai hdi Dang toan qudc ldn thu VI deh nay, toan Dang, toan dan ta
dang ra sue tien hanh edng cudc ddi mdi da't nude trdn ta't ca cac lmh vuc cua

ddi sdng xa hdi. V£n de xay dung mdt nha nude cd phap che' phuc vu viec td

chuc va quan ly moi mat dcri sdng xa hdi, dam bao phap luat duqc moi.
ngudi tdn trong, an ninh qudc gia va trat tu an toan xa hdi duqc giur vung la


di£u tien quye't de thuc hien thang lqi su nghiep ddi mdi do Dang ta khdi
xudng va lanh dao.

Cdng cudc ddi mdi

d nude ta dang tung budc dem lai nhung

thanh tuu to ldn. cd y nghia rat quan trong. Cac linh vuc cua ddi sdng

xa hdi deu co budc phat trien, kinh te' - xa hdi da ra khdi khung
hoang. Nude ta da cd nhung ■ tien de de chuy^n sang thdi ky mdi, thdi ky

day- manh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nude. Trong linh vuc trat
tu, an toan xa hdi, hoat ddng thuc hien phap luat cua Cdng an nhan
dan da dat duqc nhi6u ke't qua, trat tu, an toan xa hdi duqc giu vung,


moi mat cua ddi sdng xa hdi duqc On dinh, trat tu ky cuong xa hdi dang ddn

dan di ,vao nd nep. Song van con nhung mat, nhung van dd con han che, non

tu. an toan xa hdi trong dieu kien chuydn sang ndn kinh te thi trubng, mo cua

hdi nhap vdi ben ngoai va khdng ngimg ma rdng dan chu hoa den song xa hoi

van dang la nhung dia hat con nhidu so ho cho tidu cue, td nan xa hdi va tdi
pham tdn tai va phat tridn. Trong khi do tinh hinh thuc hidn phap luat trong

nhan dan. trong luc Luong Cdng an nhan dan con tdn tai,-bdc Id khdng ft
nhung khuydt didm, thidu sot cd anh hudng khdng nhd den tien trinh ddi moi


cua da't nude noi chung, ddn su nghidp bao vd an ninh, trat tu noi neng. Do la
y thuc phap luat chua cao, nang luc van dung phap luat phuc vu cac hoat ddng

phong ngira va d£u tranh chdng tdi pham va cac vi pham phap luat con han

chd', tinh trang phap luat chua duqc tdn trong, khdng duqc ch£p hanh nghidm

chinh va tridt dd, tinh hinh tdi pham hinh su, td nan xa hdi va cac vi pham
phap luat van dang la nhung vdn dd xa hdi nhuc nhdl keo dai, moi cd gang
thuc hidn phap luat chua ngang tdm vdi nhiem vu ddi hdi. Trat tu, an toan xa

hdi van la van dd khdng thd xem thudng.
Hien nay, tinh hinh nhiem vu each mang da thay ddi, trong linh vuc trat

tu, an todn xa hdi cung vdi vide phai khan truong ddi moi xay dung va hoan

thien he thd'ng phap luat edn thiet phai nang cao hidu qua cac hoat ddng thuc
hidn phap luat cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan hon nua. Dd gop phdn tao su

chuydn bidn manh me vd phuong didn nay, vide nghidn cuu. tdng kd't hoat
ddng thuc hidn phap luat cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan dd rut ra nhung '

kinh nghidm, hinh thanh giai phap toan didn bao vd trat tu. an toan xa hdi

khdng nhung la van dd cd y nghia quan trong vd mat ly luan ma con ia van dd
cap bach trong thuc tidn. nhat ia trong didu kidn todn'Dang, toan dan ta dans

xav dung nha nude xa hdi chu nghia vung manh, mdt ndn hdnh chinh trong



sach, du nang Luc, quan ly cd hicu qua moi ebng viec nha nude nh£m thuc

hibn muc tibu "Dan giau, nude manh, xa hbi ebng bang, van minh”.
2. Tirth hinh nghien cuu.

Van db thuc hien phap luat da tir Idu duqc cac nha khoa hoc quan tdm
nghien cuu. Trbn the gidi va trong nude co nhung cong trinh nghien cuu khoa

hoc ra dcri gop phdn phat tribn va lam phong phu them If luan chung ve nha

nude va phap luat, giai quyet nhibu vdn db cua thuc tibn cube song phong phu
va da dtmg. 0 Lien Xb trade day, da cd nhung ebng trinh db cap den cac v£n
de: Canh sat- phap luat va trat tu, an toan xa hbi. Cac tac pham: "Vi su nghibp

oao ve an ninh tb qudc Xb Viet" [Andrbpdp], "Nhung giai doan phat trien cua
:anh sat Xb Viet" [Nhom tac gia Mulukaep, Malughin va Cbxuxun]. Hibn
lay, mbt sd nude trbn thd gidi cung nhu trong khu vuc da ebng bd nhung

:ong trinh nghien cuu vb mbt sd khia canh cua v£n db thuc hibn ph&p luat.

lb trat tu an toan giao thong" [Trung Quoc], "Mb'i quan he giua nha tu va

bng dbng d cac trai giam Trung Qudc"; "Trai giam Singapo" [Hbi nghi can

b quan ly trai giam khu vuc chau A -Thai Binh Duong]; "Tb chuc va dau

ranh chong toi pham cua Bb Nbi vu Hunggari" [Bo Noi vu, Hungari]; "Canh
at Sicagb duqc bao vb nhu thd nao" [Leroi Mactin] v.v... d nude ta nhung
am gan day, van db thuc hien phap luat dang duqc dat ra la nhung iihibm vu


uan trong cdp bach cua cac co quan Dang, Nha nude, cac tb chuc xa hbi, la
uybn Iqi, trach nhiem cua moi ebng dan. Ribng linh vuc bao vb trat tu, an

)an xa hbi da cd mbt sd ebng trinh nghien cuu duqc ebng bd. Chang han db

a: "Tbi pham kinh tb', tbi pham hinh su trong qua trinh chuybn sang nen kinh
thi trabng - Thuc trang, nguvbn nhan va giai phap, [Vien Khoa hoc ebng an
db tai: "Luan cu khoa hoc dbi mdi cac chinh sach xa hoi nham dam bao an
nh xa hbi va khac phuc cac tb nan xa hbi " KX04-14 [Tdng cue Canh sat

3


r nhan dari]; de tai "Dari tranh-chd'ng cac tdi tham 0, cd y lam trai, hdi Id"

[Vien khoa hoc phap ly, Vien kiem sat nhan dan tdi cao]. Nhung de tai trdn

da de cap ddri noi dung vd phap luat, ve bad ve trat tu, ‘an toan xa hdi, co gia
tri khoa hoc gdp ph£n giai quyet nhidu van de cua cudc dari tranh chdng va

phong ngua tdi pham, cac vi pham phap luat dang duqc dat ra. Song nhung
nghien cuu do chu ye'u mod tiep can tri gdc dd tdi pham hoc. khoa hoc dieu tra
tdi pham, xa hdi hoc, tarn ly hoc, ddng thdi ve ndi dung cung moi de cap mdt

sd' van de cap bach ve tdi pham. te nan xa hdi. Ngoai ra, trong luc luqng Cdng
an nhan dan cung cdn mot sd de tai ban ve va'n de thuc hien phap luat nhu:

quan ly hanh chinh ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi [C12-C13. Bo Ndi vu], quan ly


cdng tac phong chay chua chay [C23, Bd Ndi vu], ve hoat ddng trinh sat hinh
su va didu tra hinh su [Cl6, Bd Ndi vu], ve quan ly, giao due cai tao pham

nhan [C26, Bd Ndi vu]. Ndi dung cac cdng trinh mdi tie'p can mdt sd hoat
ddng cu the, mdt sd bai mdi dung d muc trao ddi, chua cd ham luqng khoa

hoc cao
Nhu vay, de'n nay v£n de thuc hien phap luat trong hoat ddng cua Cdng an

nhan dan trdn linh vuc bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi chua cd cdng trinh nao
•

*

nghien cuu mdt each he thdng, toan dien tri gdc dd. ly luan nha nude va phap
luat. Bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi la trach nhiem cua moi cdp, moi luc luqng,

moi can bd, chieri si trong toan luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan. La mdt can bd
nghien cuu khoa hoc trong luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan vide chon va nghidn
cuu de tai "Thuc hien phap luat trong hoat ddng cua .luc luqng Cdng an nhan
dan de bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi d nude ta hien nay" la.thich hqp va co
dieu kien thuc hien.

3. Muc dich va nhiem vu ciia luan an:
Muc dich cua luan an la lam rd ban cha't, nhung dac trung ccr ban ciia thuc

hien phap luat, vi tri cua phap luat vdi y nghia la mdt cdng cu td chuc va quan

4



ly xa hdi, la bidn phap dd thuc hien chuc nang bao vd trat tu, an toan xa hdi.
r

•

Phan tfch thuc trang nguydn nhan rut ra nhung kinh nghidm thuc hidn phap
luat trong hoat ddng cua.luc luqng Cdng- an nhan dan. Tir do hinh thanh
I*

phuomg hudng, nhung giai phap co ban, d£ xuat va kien nghi mdt so van dd

cdn giai quyet nham nang cao hidu qua thuc hidn phap luat bao ve trat tu, an
toan xa hdi cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan trudc tinh hinh va nhiem vu mdi.
Vdi muc dfch trdn, nhidm vu cua luan an

- Trdn ccr so ly luan cua chu nghia Mac-Ldnin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh va
nhung quan didm cua Dang ta vd phap luat, lam sang to nhung van dd vd thuc

hidn phap luat trong hoat ddng cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan vdi tu each la
phuong tidn dua phap luat vao cudc sdng, la nhung bien phap co ban dd thuc

hidn chuc nang bao vd trat tu, an toan xa hdi.

- Ly giai va chung minh su cdn thidt phai nang cao hidu qua thuc hidn

phap luat cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan trong linh vuc bao vd trat tu, an
toan xa hdi, gop phdn ddi mdi toan didn cac hoat ddng trong cdng tac cdng an

trong tinh hinh mdi.

- Danh gia dung thuc trang thuc hidn phap luat trong linh vuc bao vd trat

tu. an toan xa hdi trong 10 nam d6i mdi bao gdm ca mat lam duqc, mat chua

lam duqc. Xac dinh nguydn nhan cua mat thieu sot, khuydt didm.
- Trinh bay nhung ydu cdu vd thuc hidn phap luat dd bao vd trat tu, an toan

xa hdi trong giai doan mdi; xay dung duqc phuemg hudng va hd thdhg cac
giai phap cung cac kidn nghi va dd xuat nham gdp ph£n nang cao hieu qua

thuc hien phap luat trong hoat ddng cua luc luqng Cdng an nhan dan.
4. Doi tiffing vd pham vi nghien cicu cua luan an
Thuc hien phap luat ia mdt van dd rdng ldn va duqc thuc hien thong qua

cac hinh thuc: tuan thu phap luat, thi hanh phap luat,-van dung phap luat va ap

5


dung phap lu^Lt. Ap duns phap luat la hinh chuc thuc hibn phap luAt gan vdi
1

hoat dbng cua luc Luong Corfg an nhan dan trong llnh vuc bao ve trat tu, an
toan xa hoi dupe xac dinh la dbi tupng nghien cuu chinh cua luan an.
Noi dung van db nshien ctru chu yeu tap trung lam ro hoat dong thuc hien

phap luat bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hbi cua luc lupng Cbng an nhan dan, bao
gbm cac llnh vuc: quan ly hanh chinh vb trat tu, an toan xa hoi; phat hien.

ngan chan, dibu tra tbi pham va vi pham; thi hanh an phat tu va quan Li, giao

due cai tao pham nhan; chbng tb nan xa hbi...

Vb thdi giam trong tarn cua luan an gidi han nghibn cuu tinh hinh tu khi dat

nude chuybn sang thdi ky dbi mdi va md cira cho dbn nay (1986 - 1996). Tuy
nhien, cac giai doan trudc cung dupe db cap d muc nhat dinh nham dam bao
tinh he thong cua van db nghibn cuu.

5. Phuong phap nghien cuu luan an.

Luan an dupe thuc hien trbn co sd phuong phap luan cua chu nghia MacLenin va tu tudng Hb Chi Minh vb phap luat, phap che vb an ninh. trat tq, nhu

cac phuong phap: khach quan, toan dibn, lich sir, cu the’. Do la co sd chinh tri.

- phap ly db' luan giai cac van db cua db tai.

Ddng thdi luan an cung sir dung phuong phap tbng ket thuc tibn thuc hien

phap luat trong lmh vuc bao vb trat tu, an toan xa hbi cua luc lupng Cbng am
nhan dan qua cac thdi ky each mang; kb't hop vdi phuong phap thbhg k.bv khao
sat, so sanh, ket hop sir dung cac phuong phap Ibgich va lich sir, phan tich va
tbng hop nham phan tich li giai cac sd lieu, cac ket qua dieu tra va chon loc

cac giai phap co tinh kha thi vibe thuc hibn phap luat trong hoat dbng cua

Cbng an nhan dan trong llnh vuc bao vb trat tu, an toan xa hbi.

6. Nhung dong gop moi ve mat khoa hoc cua luan an :

6



,•

Trdn co so nhung van de da duqc dat ra dd giai quvet, Luzin an da di slu
1

lam ro mot sd cai mdi trdn mduso khia canh sau day:

-r'Co khai niem ve thuc hien phap luat trong hoat dong cua luc luqng
Cdng an nhan dan tren linh vuc bao ve trat tu, an toan xa hdi.

+ Thuc hien phap luat la viec cua moi chu the: khi tham gia vao cac quan

he phap luat. Thuc hien phap luat cua Cdng an nhan dan trong linh vuc bao vd

trat tu, an toan xa hdi duqc nghidn cuu thdng qua nhung dac trung lao ddng
nghd nghiep, nhung hoat ddng dac thu. luan an da khai quat duoc nhung dac
trung co ban viec thuc hidn phap luat trong hoat ddng cua Cdng an nhan dan .

+ Bao vd trat tu, an toan xa hdi, vua la hoat ddng thuc hien phap luat. vua

la hoat ddng nghiep vu cua nganh cdng an? luan an da giai quydt dung mdi
quan he giua nghidp vu va phap luat. Khang dinh nghiep vu cdng an U nghiep
vu chinh tri, nghidp vu do mudn tro ndn sac ben phai hoat ddng trong khudn „
khd phap luat. Vi vay, thuc hidn phap luat trong cdng tac cdng an ndi chung,

trong linh vuc bao vd trat tu, an toan xa hdi ndi rieng luon ludn ddi hdi phai
duqc moi can bd, chien si cdng an chap hanh nghiem chinh va tridt dd.
+ Phan tich lam ro mdt sd van dd dat ra trong hoat ddng thuc hien phap


luat, nhu phat tridn kinh td nhieu thanh phan van ddng theo co che thi trudng,
mo cua va hdi nhap vdi the gidi va khu vuc, dan chu hoa moi mat cua ddi
sdng xa hdi, dac bidt trong didu kien xay dung nha nude phap quydn cua dan,

do dan va vi dan, tidn hanh cai each ndn hanh chinh quoc gia: tu do luan an
dd xudt phuong hudng, cac giai phap va kien nghi nhung vdn dd edn giai

quyet nham khdng ngung nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng thuc hien phap luat
trong hoat ddng cua Cdng an nhan dan.

7- Y nghia thuc tien cua luan an:

7


+ Ket qua nghien ctru cua luan an se gop phdn vao vide ddi mdi cdng tac
cdng an, duoc van dun*7 vao thuc tidn thuc hien phap luat, thuc tidn da'u tranh

chdng va phdng ngira tdi pham, cac vi pham phap luat bao vd trat tu, an toan

xa hoi trong tinh hinh mdi. Nhung giai phap, nhung kien nghi de xuat, hv
vong se dupe cac cap co tham quydn bidn thanh nhung bien phap thuc thi

trong thuc td'.

+ Luan an co thd dupe su dung lam tai lidu nghidn cuu trong ngdnh cdng

an; tham khao cho mdt sd' bai giang mdn phap luat d cac nha truong, cho linh


vuc quan ly vd trat tu, an toan xa hdi va gop phdn day manh hon cdng tac
tdng ket trong luc lupng Cdng an nhan dan.

5- Ket cdu cua luan an:
Luan an gdm: Phan ma dau, kd't luan va ba chuong, kern theo 1 ban

danh muc tdi lidu tham khao va 5 ban phu luc, vdi 147 trang.

3


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Chuang 1
*

THUC HIEN PHAP LUAT - PHUONG THUC HOAT DONG CO
BAN CUA LUC LUONG CONG AN NHAN DAN TRONG LINE VUC

BAO VE TRAT TU AN TOAN XA HOI


Hinh thanh nhung quy pham phap luat, Nha nude ta ludn ludn mong
muon su dung chiing de didu chinh cac quan he xa hoi dap ung lai ich cua

nhan dan va tien bd xa hdi. Muc dich do chi co the thuc hien duqc khi phap

luat duqc cac chu the nghiem chinh va triet de thuc hien trong ddi song xa
hdi. Phap luat vdi tarn quan trong cua nd khdng chi dimg lai bang cac dao

luat, vi do chi la phap luat d trang thai "tinh”, vdn de quan trong la phap luat
phai tra thanh chd dd phap che duqc the hien thdng qua hoat ddng cua cac co

quan nha nude, td chuc xa hdi va edng dan, trd thanh phuong thuc quan ly xa
hdi, co so cho su tu quan xa hdi, cho td chuc ddi sdrig xa hdi. Vdi y nghia do,
thuc hien phap luat co vi tri va tarn quan trong dac biet trong toan bd cac hoat

ddng vd phap luat: Xay dung phap luat, tuyen truydn phap luat, chap hanh

phap luat, kidm tra vide thuc hien phap luat va xu ly moi hanh vi vi pham
phap luat.

Vay thuc hien phap luat la gi, dac trung co ban thuc hien phap luat trong
llnh vuc bao ve TTATXH cua luc luqng CAND cung nhu vi tri, vai trd cua nd
deu la nhung vari de can duqc nghien cuu mdt each day du va toan didn.

1.1. KHAI NlfiM Vfi THUC HlfiN PHAP LUAT
V£n de thuc hien phap luat con tdmtai nhung quan niem, nhung nhan thuc

va each thuc giai thich khac nhau. Tuy khdng phai la nhung vi'n de Idn. su


khac nhau chi d khia canh nav hay khfa canh khac tdn tai ca trong phuong

9


dien ndi dung lan hinh thuc cua thuc hien phap luat. nhung do cung la nhung
r van de cdn thidt phai ducrc nhan thuc thdng nhat.
- Ve noi dung thuc hien phap luat. o nude ta dang tdn tai nhung quan niem

sau day:
"Thuc hien phap luat la hanh vi (hanh ddng hoac khdng hanh dong; ciia

con ngudi phu hop vdi nhung quy dinh cua phap luat. Noi khac di tat ca
nhung hoat ddng nao cua con ngudi, cua td chuc ma thuc hien phu hop vdi

quy dinh cua phap luat thi duqc coi la su thuc hien thuc td' cac quy pham phap
luat" [34, tr. 245]

"Thuc hien phap luat la hien tuqng, la qua trinh co muc dfch lam cho
nhung quy dinh cua phap luat trd thanh hoat ddng thuc rd' cua cac chu thd

phap luat" [35, tr. 369].
"Ap dung phap luat (thuc hien phap luat) la toan bd nhung vide lam,

nhung hoat ddng, nhung phuong thuc nham thuc hien nhung yeu cdu dat ra

trong quy pham phap luat ddi vdi vide didu chinh cac quan hd xa hdi” [69, tr.
217].
Nhin chung cac dinh nghia trdn ddu cd quan diem tuong ddi ddng nhat vd


ndi dung, do la: Thuc hien phap luat la vide lam co muc dfch lam cho nhung
quy dinh cua phap luat trd thanh hidn thuc trong cuoc sdng. Su khac nhau

trong cac dinh nghia chi con o chd: thuc hien phap luat la hanh vi (hanh ddng
hay khdng hanh ddng) la hidn tuqng, la phuong thuc, la qua trinh. Theo

chung tdi hanh vi hay hien tuqng hay phuong thuc hay qua trinh ddu ia nhung
pham tru cd ndi ham rieng cua nd.

- Ve hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat. cac tac gia ddu coi bon hinh thuc dudi

day la nhung hinh thuc chuydn tai cac quy pham phap luat vao cudc sdng, du

la cac quy pham phap luat cd phong phu va da dang den ddu di nua.

10


+ Tuan thu phap luAt, la hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat, trong do cac chu
1

•

the phap luat kiem che khdng>tie'n hanh nhung hoat ddng ma phap luat ngan

cdim-:
4- Thi hanh. phap luat, la mot hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat, trong do cac

chu the: thuc hien nghia vu cua minh bang hanh ddng rich cue.
+• Su dung phap luat, la mdt hinh thuc thuc hidn phap luat, trong do cac


chu the phap luat thuc hidn quydn chu the cua minh.

4- Ap dung phap luat, la mdt hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat. trong do nha
nude thdng qua cac co quan co tham quydn hoac nha chuc trach td chuc cho
cac chu the thuc hien nhung quy dinh cua phap luat.

Su khac nhau vd mat nay the hien d chd, dac va giai quydt mdi quan he

giua cac hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat nhu the' nao?
Mdt so tac gia cho rang, mdi hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat ndi tren ddu

tdn tai ddc lap vdi nhau. Tuy nhidn, ap dung phap luat, vua la hinh thuc thuc
hien phap luat, vua la each thuc nha nude td chuc cho cac chu the thuc hien
phap luat ndn cd cac hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat khac (tuan thu phap luat,

thi hanh phap luat va van dung phap luat).

Mdt sd tac gia khac lai cho rang, ap dung phap luat la thuc hidn phap luat.
ap dung phap luat de dua cac quy pham phap luat vao thuc tien phai duqc the
hien thdng qua ba hinh thuc (phuerng phap): tuan thu phap luat, thi hanh phap

luat, van dung (sir dung) phap luat.
LI luan chung ve nha nude va phap luat coi thuc hien phap luat la mdt ndi

dung nghien cuu va la mdt van de edn phai duqc giai quyet co ban trdn ca hai
phuemg dien ly luan va thuc tien.

11



Trude hdt phai noi ngav ring, cac nha kinh didn cua chu nghia Mac-Lenin
’

I

ddu co quan niem chuns: thuc hien phap ludt la su tidp tuc y chi cua nha nuoc

thd hien trong phap ludt, La mat quan trong cua phap che'XHCN.
Quan ly xa hoi bins phap ludt, didu co ban khong chi o chd nha nude cd

duqc mot he thdng phap ludt hoan thien va ddy diu danh ring cd duqc mdt he
thdng phap ludt nhu vdy cung la tdi edn thiet, nhung dieu co ban hem va quan
trong hem la phap luat cua nha nude phai duqc moi thanh vien trong xa hdi

tdn trong, duqc chdp hanh nghiem chinh va tridt dd, phap‘ludt phai di vao
cudc sdng, phai bid'n thanh hanh ddng cua moi ngucri ddn.

Trong nhung tac phdm cua minh, Mac va Ang-ghen thudng xem xet phap
chd nhu la su tudn thu phap Ludt cua nhung ngudi tham gia yao cac quan he xa

hdi do phap ludt didu chinh. Mac va Ang-ghen la ngudi ddt ndn mdng cho

phap chd, theo cac dng, phap chd ma ndi dung chinh ydu nhdt la su tudn thu
phap ludt, su thuc hidn phap ludt. Ddn nay, moi khai niem phap chd co thd co
each dinh nghia khac nhau, nhung ndi dung co ban vdn trdn quan nidm co ban
la: Phap chd la su ddi hdi cac co quan nha nude, nhdn vidn nha nude, cac td
chuc xa hdi va moi edng ddn phai thuc hien dung, thuc hien nghiem chinh

phap ludt trong hoat ddng cua minh.

Ld-nin la ngudi phat tridn, bd sung hoan thien he thdng ly ludn vd phap

ludt va phap chd XHCN, Li ngudi ddu tien chi dao thuc hien chd dd phap chd

XHCN, Ngudi da chi ra ban chit, y nghia, tinh tdi ydu khach quan phai tdng
cudng phap chd XHCN, cac nguyen tic, phuong phap va hinh thuc bao dam
phap chd XHCN. Nghien cuu toan bo tu tudng phap chd cua Ngudi, chiing ta

ddu thdy ndi ldn noi dung co ban cua phap chd vdn la.su tudn thu phap ludt.
Su thuc hien phap ludt la trung tdm cua phap chd.

12


Phap .luat cua nha nude phai. dupe moi ngudi thuc hien nghiem chinh va

triet de, cang trong dieu kien khd khan cang can thiet phai nhu vay. Ngav sau
khi g;anh dupe chinh quven. thang LI nam-1917. Le-nin dua ra sang kien
trieu tap Dai hdi bat thudng cac Xd Viet toan Nga va cung chinh trong Dai

hdi nay da thdng qua mot nghj quye't lich sir vd vide tuan thu mot each

nghiem chinh cac dao luat cua chinh quvdn Xd Viet. Tu tuemg dd the hien
trong buc chu gui cdng nhan va ndng dan vd vide chien thing Cdn-tsdc nam

1919: "Phai tuan theo tung li tung ti nhung luat Id va menh Idnh cua chinh
quydn Xd Viet va ddn dd'c moi ngudi tuan theo" [5, tr. 178]. "Hd hoi lam trai

luat phap, hcri lam mat trat tu Xd Viet mdt chut, the la da cd mdt Id hdng cho
bon thu dich cua ngudi lao ddng loi dung ngay" [5, tr. 179].

Phap luat duqc thuc hien phai mang tinh thong nhat cao, trong buc thu gui

Bd chinh tri Ban chap hanh Dang Cdng san Bdn sd vfch Nga "V£ song trung
true thudc va phap chd”. Tu tudng phap che trong ndi dung thu cua Ngudi

chang nhung cd y -nghia chi dao xdy dung bd may nha nude theo quan didm
nha nude phap quydn XHCN, ma con cd y nghia vd phuong didn ly luan va

/

thuc tidn cho cac van de phap che va phap luat. Ngudi da xac dinh phap chd'

chinh la su tuan thu va chip hanh nghidm chinh cac dao luat. Vidn kie’m sat li

co quan nha nude cd nhiem vu giam sat viec thuc hien cac dao luat dd, bao

dam khdng mdt quy pham phap luat nao lai khdng dupe thuc hien, hoac thuc
hien thieu nghiem chinh va triet dd. V.I. Le-nin vie't: "Uy vien cdng td chiu
trach nhiem lam sao cho bat cu quye't dinh nao cua bat cu co quan hanh chinh

dia phuong nao cung khdng dupe di ngupc lai phap luat" [3, tr 233]. Theo
Ngudi didu quan trong khdng chi la o chd cac dao luat dupe ban hanh nham
bao dam nhung ddi hoi cua su phat tridn xa hoi hay nguydn vong cua quan

chung nhan dan lao ddng ma didu chinh veu hon phai la dua phap luat vao

cudc sdng, lam cho het thav moi quy pham duoc tuan thu, thuc hien, bao dam

13



su tiep tuc y chi cua nha nude ma khdng bi mdt trd Luc nao ngan can. Do la su
ddi hoi,vdtinh thdng nhat ngay trong he thdng phap luat, giua luat va Id phai

cd cung mot v chi. Sona tinh thdng nhat cua phap che con ddi hdi viec ap

dung (thuc hien) cac dao luat thdng nhat trdn toan bd lanh thd. khdng dd tinh
trang vd chinh phu xay ra d ncri nay hay ncri khac. khdng dd xay ra tinh trang
"trdng danh xudi, ken thdi nguoc" giua co quan nha nude trung ucmg vdi co

quan nha nude dia phuerng, " Phap chd' khdng thd la phap chd' cua tinh Ca-lu-

ga hoac tinh Ca-dan duqc, ma phai la phap che duv nha't cho toan nude Nga
va cho ca toan thd lidn bang cac nude Cdng hoa Xd Viet nua". [7, tr. 232].
Bao dam duqc tinh thdng nha't cua phap che mdi dam bao duqc su binh dang
trong thuc hien phap luat, moi ngudi trdn bad cu cucrng vi cdng tac nao cung

ddu cd nghia vu tuan theo phap luat. Moi hanh vi vi pham phap luat can trd
qua trinh dua phap luat vao cudc song, can trd qua trinh bien phap luat thanh

hidn thuc ddu phai chiu trach nhiem phap li.
Xet trong mdi quan hd giua phap luat va thuc hien phap luat, Ld-nin cho

rang du phap luat cd td't dd'n dau thi do cung chi la kha nang quan If, kha nang
da'u tranh, dd bien kha nang do thanh hien thuc cudc song nhat thid't phai biet

sir dung kha nang dd nhu la phuerng tien td chuc quan chung thi mdi thdng
duqc trat tu xa hdi cu cung nhu moi bidu hien vd chinh phu, "Phap luat Xd
Viet rat td't, vi nhung phap luat nay da dem lai cho moi ngucn cai kha hang


dau tranh chd'ng bdnh quan lieu va Id me, cai kha nang ma bat cu mdt nude tu

ban nao, cdng nhan va ndng dan cung ddu khdng cd. The nhung co ai sir dung
kha nang dd khdng? Hau nhu khdng cd mdt ail Khdng nhung ndng dan,

chinh ca mdt sd rat Idn dang vien cdng san cung khdng biet dung phap luat

Xd Viet dd dau tranh chd'ng bdnh Id md va benh quan lieu hoac ngay ca cai
hien tuqng that su didn hinh cua nude Nga la nan hd'i Id" [6, tr. 214]. Theo

Ngudi, viec khdng bid't sir dung vu khi phap luat ma nguven nhan mdi la su

14


non kem ve trinh dd, vd nang luc thuc hien phap Luat cung da la nghiem trong
’ cho trd; tu xa hdi. Song vdi mot hidn tuqng khac, mdt hidn tuqng vi pham
phap ludt cua nhung ke cd' tinh xam pham dd'n lqi ich cua nha nude cua nhdn

ddn thi trdt tu phap ludt cung nhu trdt tu xa hdi con nghiem trong hem nhieu.
Mot dao ludt chi co the; dua den mdt ket qua xd'u. nd'u trdn thuc tidn nd duqc
dem ap dung trong didu kien nan hd'i Id con duqc dung thu va dang thinh

hanh. Trong nhung didu kidn do, khdng the lam duqc mdt thu chinh tri nao
hdt: ngudi ta khdng co cai dieu kien co ban dd co thd lam chinh tri duqc.

Thuc hien nguydn tic moi edng dan ddu binh ding trudc phap luat, moi
hanh vi hop phap, co lqi cho nha nude, cho xa hdi phai duqc khuyd'n khich
ung hd, Cac vi pham du la vi pham nhd nha't trong vide thuc hidn phap luat


phai duqc phat hidn kip thdi va ldi cud'n su tham gia mdt each tu nguydn co
trach nhidm va nhanh chong cua quin chung nhan dan vao vide kidm tra thuc

hien phap luat. Ddi vdi cac hanh vi vi pham phap luat ddn muc phai coi la tdi
pham thi "Dieu quan trong khdng phai a chd tdi pham phai trung phat nang,

ma d chd la khdng mdt tdi pham nao khdng ra "[3, tr. 520].

Hd Chi Minh la ngudi dem anh sang cua chu nghia Mac - Ld-nin va van

dung thanh edng trong each mang Vidt Nam. V£n dd thuc hidn phap luat cung
la mot vien ngoc trong kho tang tu tudng cua Ngudi... Khi chua co chinh

quyen, nhan dan sd'ng lam than co cue ducri su cai tri cua thuc dan, phong
kid'n Ngudi ludn ludn bac bo moi thu phap luat gia hidu. Didn hinh la nam
1922 khi didn ca ban "Ydu sach cua nhan dan An Nam" thanh "Vidt Nam ydu

cdu ca" luc do Ngudi da vidt: "Bay xin hidn phap ban hanh, tram didu phai co
th^n linh phap quydn". Didu nay thd hidn tu tudng phap quydn ra't ro: trudc

het Ngudi ydu cau thuc dan Phap phai thuc hien chd' dd cai tri bang luat - luat
hid'n phap, khdng duqc cai tri bang sac luat. Nghia ia ddi hdi trong moi hoat

ddng cua xa hdi, cua bd may nha nude thuc dan phai thd hien duqc su phu

15


Jiop vdi.phap luat, tdn trqns phap Luat, ’oao dam phap che, du la phap che ru


san. Khi’ gianh duqc chinh quyen cung nhu khi lanh dao nhan dan xav dung
va bao ve da't'nudc; chons qua Nha nude va he thdng phap luat dd quan li xa
hoi. Ho Chi Minh da nhan thuc mdt van dd co tinh quy luat, phap luat nghiem

se din den trat tu xa hoi tdt. Theo Ngudi, khi chua co luat thi phai khan
truerng ban hanh Luat; khi da co luat thi phai td chuc thi hanh nghiem chinh.
triet dd quy dinh cua luat. Mdt dan tdc cd nhieu bo Luat tdt va thi hanh luat

tdt, dan tdc a'y se phat tridn nhanh. Tir 1945 den 1969 Ngudi da ky va ban
hanh 613 sac Ldnh cac loai (van ban luat) va chinh Ngudi da quan ly xa hdi,

quan ly dad nude bang phap luat [48, tr.286]
Quan triet quan diem cua chu nghia Mac - Le-nin va tu cudng Hd Chi

Minh vd thuc hien phap luat, Dang va Nha nude ta rat quan tarn vdn dd tang

cudng phap che, coi thuc hien phap luat la bidn phap quan trong dd bien y chi
cua Dang, nguyen vong cua nhan dan thanh hien thuc trong ddi sdng. Nghidn

cuu cac van kien Dai hdi Dang, dac biet tu Nghi quyet Dai hdi Dang l£n thu
III den nay, cac van kien ddu de cap va xac dinh rd nhiem vu xay dung phap

luat, quan ly xa hdi bang phap luat, xac dinh cac co quan nha nude td chuc xa
hoi va moi cdng dan ddu cd nghia vu trach nhiem thi hanh dung phap luat ciia

Nha nude. Van kien Dai hdi Dang lan thu III khi ban vd v£n dd md rdng dan
chu da coi viec tuan thu phap luat la tang cudng sue manh cua Nha nude dan

chu nhan dan: ’Can phai tang cudng vai trd cua co quan nha nude d cac cdp,
thuc hien dung che dd tap trung dan chu trong sinh hoat cua cac co quan nha


nude. Tad ca nhung che do phap luat, thd Id cua nha nude phai duqc co quan

chinh quydn cac cap chap hanh nghiem chinh... Cac co quan nha nude phai
chap hanh dung va phai bao dam cho moi ngudi chap hanh dung" [29, tr. 118].
Dai hoi Dang Un thu IV, khi ndi vd tang cudng su lanh dao cua Dang ddi vdi
Nha nude, Nghi quvet viet: "Dang bdt budc cac td chuc, cac can bo, dang vien

16-


.cua Dang tdn trong quydn luc cua co quan nha nude, nghiem chinh chip hanh
phap lult va cac quy dinh, chuthi cua co quan nha nude, coi do la ley lult cua

Dang" [30, tr. 69]. Nghi quvet Dai hdi lln thu VI cua Dang da dd clp den van
dd giu nghidm ky luat, phap luat, tang cudng phap che, giu vung kv cucmg xa

hdi dd dua cdng cudc ddi mdi den thing lqi. Van kien da ghi: " Phap lult phai
duqc chip hanh nghidm chinh, moi ngudi ddu binh ding trudc phap lult.

Trong didu kien Dang elm quydn, moi can bd bit cu cucmg vi nao ddu phai
sdng va lam viec theo phap lult, gucmg miu tdn trong phap- lult, khdng cho
phep bit cu ai dua vao quydn the dd lam trai phap lult, moi vi pham ddu phai
xu ly” [31, tr. 121].

Dang ta la dang elm quydn, Dang thdng qua Nha nude dd lanh dao xa hdi.
Phap lult la phuemg tidn chu yeu dd chuydn hoa dudng ld'i, chinh sach thanh v
chi cua Nha nude va hanh ddng cua toan xa hdi, phap lult cu the hoa cac

quan didm, tu tudng thd hien trong cac dudng ld'i, chinh sach. Do viy, cac


quan didm, tu tudng cua Dang ddu duqc thd che hoa trong he thong Hien
phap, phap luat. Nghien cuu cac Hien phap nude ta, Hidn phap 1946, Hien
phap 1959, Hien phap 1980 va Hien phap 1992 ddu thiy vin dd thuc hidn

phap lult d nude ta la quydn lqi, la trach nhiem va nghia vu cua cac co quan
Dang, Nha nude, cac td chuc xa hdi va cdng din. Trudc het, Dang la co quan

lanh dao Nha nude xly dung hien phap va phap lult, nhung hoat dong cua

Dang vin phai tuln theo phap lult. Hid'n phap 1980, Hidn phap 1992 ddu quy

dinh "...Moi td chuc cua Dang hoat dong trong khudn khd Hid'n phap va phap
luat" - Didu 4. Ddi vdi cdng dan la nhung chu nhln cua dit nude, ngudi chu -

cua xa hdi, ca bon ban Hid'n phap ddu quy dinh cdng din co nghia vu tuln

theo Hid'n phap, phap lult. Hid'n phap 1946, "Mdi cdng din Viet Nam phai: -

Bao vd Td qud'e. - Tdn trong Hid'n phap. - Tuln theo phap lult " (Didu 4).
Hien phap 1959: "Cdng din nude Viet Nam dan chu cdng hoa co nghia vu

L4.PTS_i37
17


man theo Hien phap, phap ludt, ky ludt lao ddng, trat tu edng edng va quv tic
r sinh hoat xa hdi khac" (Didu 39). Hien phap 1980: "Cdng ddn co nghia vu

man theo Hien pnap, phap ludt, kv luat lao. dong, bao ve an ninh chinh tri va


TTATXH. giu gin bi mat Nha nude, ton trong nhung quv tic cua cube song

xa hdi chu nghia" (Dieu 78). Hien phap 1992: "Cdng dan co nghia vu man
theo Hien phap va phap luat, tham gia bao ve an ninh qudc gia, trdt tu an toan

xa hdi, giu gin bi mdt qudc gia, chip hanh nhung quv tic sinh hoat cbng
cdng" (Didu 79). Su thd hien tdp trung han ca trong Hidn phap 1980 va Hien
phap 1992: "Nha nude quan ly xa hdi bing phap luat, khdng ngimg tang

cudng phap che XHCN. Cac co quan Nha nude, td chuc kinh td, tb chuc xa

hdi, dan vi vu trang nhdn ddn vd moi cbng ddn phai nghiem chinh chap hanh
Hidn phap, phap ludt, ddu tranh phong ngua vd chdng cac tbi pham, cac vi
pham Hidn phap, phap ludt. Moi hanh ddng xdm pham lqi ich cua Nha nude,
quydn va lqi ich hop phap cua tdp the! vd cua cdng ddn deu bi xu ly theo phap
ludt" (Didu 12).^

Tir cac quan didm, tu tudng ndi tren, phuong hudng cua Dang va Nha

nude ta trong thdi gian tdi la tdp trung moi cd gdng, nd luc xdy dung Nha
nude ta thuc su la nha nude phap quydn cua ddn, do ddn va vi ddn. Nha nude
phap quydn la nha nude tbn trong phap ludt, nha nude phai chiu trach nhiem
trudc cbng ddn va nguqc lai cbng ddn phai chiu trach nhiem trudc nha nude.

Xudt phat tu nhung quan didm trdn, cd thd khai quat vd mdt sb' vdn dd co

ban vd thuc hidn phap ludt nhu sau:
Thu nhat: Vd noi dung thuc hien phap luat la toan bo nhung hanh vi,


nhung phuong thuc xu su cua cac chu thd phap ludt nhdm thuc hien nhung
ydu cau dat ra cua cac quv pham phap ludt (nhung didu phai lam, nhung didu

duqc lam va nhung didu bi ngan cdm).

18


Trong thuc te, khdng phai bat cu hanh vi xir su nao cua cac chu thd cung

phu hop vdi phap luat. Tuvdtphidn khdng nen co "ao tubng ve luat" nhu vay.
Cd nhung hanh vi la hop phap, ben canh do cung cd nhung hanh vi khdng hop
phap. Ddi vdi hanh vi khdng hep phap phai sir dung co che bao ve. hanh vi

bao ve phap luat cung duoc coi la thuc hien phap luat. Nhan thuc van dd nay
cd v nghia quan trong lien quan den cac noi dung se trinh bay b cac phdn sau.

Thu hai: Hinh thuc thuc men phap luat, thua nhan hinh thuc nay hay hinh
thuc khac ciia thuc hien phap luat phai can cu vao loai hoat ddng thuc hien

phap luat. Loai hoar ddng thudc vd quydn, nghia vu va trach nhiem cua cdng

dan, bao gdm cac hinh thuc: tuan thu phap luat. thi hanh phap luat va sir dung

phap luat, moi cdng dan Viet Nam khi tham gia vao cac quan he xa hdi ddu
sir dung nhu nhau. Loai hoat ddng mang tinh quydn luc nha nude, dd la hinh

thuc ap dung phap luat, hinh thuc nay phai cd su can thidp cua co quan cd

tham quvdn hoac nha chuc trach td chuc cho cac chu the’ thuc hidn phap luat.

Do vay trong thuc td van tdn tai bd'n hinh thuc thuc hidn phap luat: tuan thu

phap luat, thi hanh phap luat, sir dung phap luat va ap dung phap luat. Trong
ap dung phap luat lai co ba hinh thuc thuc hien phap luat khac, nhung khdng

vi the ma ap dung phap luat lai trum ldn ta't ca va thay the' cho cac hinh thuc

thuc hien phap luat khac..
Thu ba: Yeu cdu thuc hien phap luat, vua la su ddi hdi khach quan dd'i vdi
phap luat, vua la qua trinh dua phap luat vao cudc song, khac phuc tinh trang
hd thd'ng phap luat cua Nha nude da ban hanh dang kd nhung chap hanh

khdng nghiem. Cac co quan Dang, Nha nudfc, cac td chuc, doan thd xa hdi va
cac cdng dan phai nghiem chinh chap hanh phap luat, man theo phap luat khi
tham gia vao cac quan he xa hoi, bao dam tinh phu hop vdi cac quy pham
phap luat vd noi dung, tinh than va loi van, tuydt-dd'i khdng duoc lam trai, lam

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* sai phap luat; ddng chai cao ra nhung kha nang giup giai quvet duqc nhung

"xung ddc quy pham" nhu chuc ce vin con xay ra.

Nhu vav, thuc aien ohdp luat trong hoar dong cua CAND. bao ve
TTATXH la toan bp nhung hanh vi, nhung phuong thuc hoat dong cua cac td
chuc co tham quyen trong luc luang CAND, cua can bp. chien si CAND cP
chuc trach dam bao cho nhung quy pham phap luat ve hinh su. ve quan li

hanh chinh trong linh vuc TTATXH va cac quy pham phap luat khac co lien


quan dupe cac cct quan nha nude, td chuc xd hdi vd moi cdng dan tuan thu,
chap hanh mot each nghiem chinh vd triet de. khdng de xdy ra vi pham hoac

tdi pham xam hai den quan he xd hdi thuoc lin'n vuc TTATXH. kien quvet ddu

tranh ngan chan, trdn dp kip thdi cac toi pham xam pham TTATXH. Ddng

then cung Id qua trinh bao dam su tuan thu nghiem ngqt nhung quy dinh cua
phap luat tit phia luc luemg cdng an vdi tu each la co quan dqi dien quyen luc

nha nucrc, bao ve TTATXH.

1.2. DAC TRUNG HOAT DONG THUC HlfiN PHAP LUAT CUA CAND.
Nghi quye't Dai hdi Dang toan qud'c cac nhiem ky gan day khi. noi ve

nhiem vu qud'c phong, an ninh ddu xac dinh "Nhiem vu qudc phong, an ninh
crong nhung nam tdi la phac huy sue manh cdng hop cua coan dan, cua ca he

thdng chinh tri, rung budc cang cucmg tidm luc qud'c phong, an ninh cua dd't
nude, xiy dung vung chic nen qud'c phong coan dan, the trdn qud'c phdng coan

ddn gin vdi ndn an ninh nhan dan va the trdn an ninh nhan dan, nang cao chd't
luemg cac luc luemg vu trang, bao vd vung chic doc lap, chu quven va toan
ven lanh thd cua da't nude, bao ve nhan ddn. bao ve Dang, bao ve che dd xa

hoi chu nghia. ngan ngira va lam that bai moi am muu va hoac ddng gdy mat
dn dinh chinh tri xa hdi. xdm pham ddc lap. chu quvdn. toan ven lanh thd. gdy
tdn hai cho cdng cudc xdy dung va phac tnen da't nude: ngan ngira co hieu qua