Implement: (v) to make sth that has been officially decided start to happen or be used – thực hiện giao kèo
(n) a tool or an instrument, often one that is quite simple and that is used outdoors.
Venture: (n) a business project or activity, especially one that involves taking risks
Implication: (n) a possible effect or result of an action or a decision
Enable: (v) to make it possible for sb to do sth
To make it possible for sth to happen or exist by creating the necessary conditions
Front line: (n) vị trí quan trọng nhiều trách nhiệm
Reference to sb: (v) hỏi ý kiến
Preference: (n) a greater interest in or desire for sb/sth than sb/sth else
A thing that is liked better or best – ưu đãi, sở thích.
Initially: (adv) at the beginning
Predominantly: (adv) mostly, mainly
Property: (n) a thing or things that are owned by sb; a possession or possessions
Conduct: to organize
Playing by – to allow heat or electricity to pass along.
Exhibit: (v) bộc lộ
Perceive: (v) nhận thấy
Compose: (v) to combine together to form a whole
Prospective: (adj) expected to do sth or to become sth – khả quan, tương lai
Expected to happen soon
Wherever: (adv) in all cases that
Conclude: (v) to decide or believe sth as a result of what you have heard or seen – rút ra được, kết luận
Benchmark: (v) làm chuẩn, kiểm tra so sánh
Prime: (adj) main, most important – best quality – most suitable
Criterion – criteria (plural): tiêu chuẩn
27/3 Enhance: (v) to increase or further improve the good quality, value or status of sb/sth
Proportion: (n) sự cân xứng, tỷ lệ
Reservation: (n) an arrangement for a room in a hotel, etc. to be kept for you
A feeling of doubt about a plan or an idea, sự dè dặt, do dự
Incomplete: (adj) not having everything that it should have, not finished or complete
Essentially: (adv) when you think about the true, important or basic nature of sb/sth – về bản chất, về cơ

bản
Collate: (v) to collect information together from different sources in order to examine and compare it
Come up with sth: produce sth
Issue: (n) an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about
Recommendation: (n) an official suggestion about the best thing to do
Quantitative: (adj) connected with the amount or number of sth rather than with how good it is, số lượng
Anecdotal: (adj) giai thoại, chuyện vặt
Indeed: (adv) thực vậy
Progressively: (adv) steadily and continuously, tăng lên dần
Whilst = while
Droppings: (n) phân động vật
Fermented: (v) lên men
To stomach: (v) nuốt
Put you off: (v) làm chán
Rule: (n)/ru:l/
Allergy: (n) a medical condition that causes you to react badly or feel ill/sick when you eat or touch a
particular substance
Anxiety: (n) the state of feeling nervous or worried that sth bad is going to happen
A worry or fear about sth
28/3/2013 Appetite: (n) physical desire for food
A strong desire for sth
Artery: (n) any of the tubes that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body
A large and important road, river, railway/railroad line, etc.
Asset: (n) a person or thing that is valuable or useful to sb/sth
A thing of value, especially property, that a person or company owns, which can be used or sold
to pay debts
Ex: I’ll be an asset to the team.
Craving: (n) a trong desire for sth
Ex: a craving for chocolate
Depression: (n) the state of feeling very sad and without hope

Diagnosis: (n) the act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem
Dietitian – dietician: (n) a person whose job is to advise people on what kind of food they should eat to
keep healthy
Factor: (n) nhân tố - thừa số - gấp … lần
Infection: (n) an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body – bệnh
truyền nhiễm
Ingredient: (n) one of the things from which sth is made, especially one of the foods that are used together
to make a particular dish – thành phần
One of the things or qualities that are necessary to make sth successful
Ex: Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries.
The essential ingredients for success
Insomnia: (n) the condition of being unable to sleep
Intake: (n) the amount of food, drink, etc. that you take into your body
Junk food: (n) food that is quick and easy to prepare and eat but that is thought to be bad for your health
Nutrition: (n) the process by which living things receive the food necessary for them to grow and be
healthy – sự dinh dưỡng, sự nuôi dưỡng
Obese: (adj) very fat, in a way that is not healthy
Obesity: (n)
Onset: (n) the begginning of sth, especially sth unpleasant
Portion: (n) an amount of food that is large enough for one person
Stroke: (n) cú đánh – đột quỵ
Therapy: (n) the treatment of a physical problem or an illness
29/3/2013 Variety: (n) several different sorts of the same thing
The quality of not being the same or not doing the same thing all the time – đa dạng
Brisk: (adj) quick, busy
Chronic: (adj) lasting for a time; difficult to cure or get rid of
Infectious: (adj) an infectious disease can be passed easily from person to another, especially through the
air they breathe
Moderate: (adj) vừa phải, có mức độ
Persistent: (adj) determinded to do sth despite difficulties, especially when other people are against you

and think that you are being annoying or unreasonable
Vital: (adj) connected with or necessary for staying alive – sống, cần cho sự sống
Full of energy and enthusiasm – đầy sức sống
Counteract: (v) to do sth to reduce or prevent the bad or harmful effects of sth
Curb: (v) to control or limit sth, especially sth bad
Diminish: (v) to become or to make sth become smaller, weaker, etc.
To make sb/sth seem less important than they really are
Disrupt: (v) to make it difficult for sth to continue in the normal way
Eliminate: (v) to remove or get rid of sth/sb
Overdo: (v) to do sth too much
To use too much of sth
Overate: (v) to eat more than you need or more than is healthy
Recover: (v) to get well again after being ill/sick, hurt, etc.
Skip: (v) to move forwards lightly and quickly making a little jump with each step
Stimulate: (v) to make sth develop or become more active; to encourage sth – kích thích, kích động,
khuấy động
Trigger: (v) to make sth happen suddenly – nổ ra, gây ra bất thình lình
To cause a device to start functioning
Migration: (v) di cư
Choppy: (adj) biển động
30/3/2013 Tagged: (V) gắn thẻ
Rehabilitation: (N) phục hồi
A current (N) dòng biển
Reminisent of: (adj) reminding you of sb/sth
Flee from (v) run away from
Wrestle (v) vật lộn
To coax (v) encourage wb to do sth
Spot (v): nhìn thấy
Audio-visual: (adj) using both sound and pictures
Ex: audio-visual aids for the classroom

Isolated: (adj) without much contact with other people or other countries
Single, happening once
Ideal for: (adj) perfect, most suitable
Encounter: (v,n) a meeting, especially one that is sudden, unexpected or violent – chạm trán, đọ sức
Dialect: (n) tiếng địa phương
Metaphorical: (adj) nghĩa bóng
Literal: (adj) nghĩa đen
Fatal: (adj) causing or ending in death
Consult: (v) to go to sb for information or advice
To discuss sth with sb to get their permission for sth, or to help you make a decision
To look in or at sth to get information
Stark: (adj) khắc nghiệt
Criticize: (v) to say that you disapprove of sb/sth; to say what you do not like or think is wrong about
sb/sth
To judge the good and bad qualities of sth
Linguistic: (adj) connected with language or the scientific study of language – ngôn ngữ học
Insular: (adj) only interested in your own country, ideas, etc. and not in those from outside
Insularity: (n)
Assumption: (n) a belief or feeling that sth is true or that sth will happen, althought there is no proof – giả
định, giả sử
Awareness: (n) knowing sth; knowing that sth exists and is important; being interested in sth
Priority: (n) something that you think is more important than other things and should be dealt with first –
ưu tiên
Correspondence: (n) the letters a person sends and receives
A connection between two things; - tương ứng, phù hợp giữa hai nhóm hoặc vật
Exempt: (adj) if sb/sth is exempt from sth, they are not affected by it, do not have to do it, pay it, etc.
Criticism: (n) the act of expressing disapproval of sb/sth and opinions about theirs faults or bad qualities,
a statement showing disapproval
Phê bình, chỉ trích
Scheme: (n) a plan or system for doing or organizing sth

Glossary: (n) a list of technical or special words, especially those in a particular text, explaining their
meanings – từ điển chuyên ngành
Consistency: (n) the quality of always behaving in the same way or of having the same opinions,
standards, etc; the quality of being consistent
Realization: (n) the process of becoming aware of sth – know sth
The process of achieving a particular aim, etc.
Dawn: (v) begin
Become obvious or easy to understand
Negotiate: (v) to try to reach an agreement by formal discussion – thương lượng, đàm phán
To arrange or agree sth by formal discussion
Comprehension: (n) the ability to understand
An exercise that trains students to understand a language
Generic: (adj) chung
Warrant: (v) chứng nhận, đảm bảo
Distinguish: (v) to recognize the difference between two people or things
Hinterland: (n) the areas or a country that are away from the coast, from the banks of a large or from the
main cities
Foreland: (n) an area of land which sticks out into the sea – phần đất nhô ra biển
Landward: (adj) bờ, đất liền
Breakwater: (n) a wall built out into the sea to protect the shore or harbour from the force of the waves
Access: (n) a way of entering or reaching a place
The opportunity or right to use sth or to see sb/sth
Chief: (adj) most important
Highest in rank
Disproportionate: (adj) too large or too small when compared with sth else
Respect: (n) kính trọng, tôn trọng - khía cạnh
Microcosm: (n) a thing, a place or a group that has all the features and qualities of sth much larger – đại
diện thu nhỏ
Advent: (n) the coming of an important event, person, invention, etc. – sự đến, sự tới
Vessel: (n) a large ship or boat

Formerly: (adv) in earlier times
Accessible: (adj) easy to understand
That can be reached, entered, used, seen, etc.
Bypass: (n) a road that passes around a town or city rather than through the centre
To go around or avoid a place
To ignore a rule, an official system or sb in authority, especially in order to get sth done quickly
Former: (adj) that used to exist in earlier times – trước, cũ, xưa, nguyên
Bypass: to improve the quality of sth, often by adding sth to it
To make sb/sth rich or richer
Backwater: (n) vùng nước yên tĩnh – nơi chán ngắt, tình trạng trì trệ
Acquire: (v) to gain sth by your own efforts, ability or behaviour
To obtain sth by buying or being given it
Ex: she has acquired a good knowledge of English
Prominent: (adj) important or well known
Easily seen
Prominence: (n) the state of being important, well known or noticeable
Engage: (v) to succeed in attracting and keeping sb’s attention and interest.
To employ sb to do a particular job
Engage in sth: to take part in sth, to make sb take part in sth
Metropolis: (n) a large important city
Waterfront: (n) a part of a town or an area that is next to water, for example in a harbour
Subsidiary: (adj) connected with sth but less important than it
Cease: (v) to stop happening or existing, to stop sth from happening or existing
Draw: (v) kéo theo
Refine: (v) to make a subtance pure by taking other substances out of it
Bulk: (n) trọng tải, hàng hóa
Break bulk: dỡ hàng
Poignant: (adj) causing a strong emotional feeling – gây xúc động, làm mủi lòng
Speed up/ speed sth up: make sth move or happen faster
Key: any of buttons that you press to operate a computer or typewriter

Depression: a period when there is little economic activity and many people are poor or without jobs.
Description: a piece of writing or speech that says what sb/sth is like; the act of writing or saying in words
what sb/sth is like
Check sth in: to leave bags or cases with an official to be put on a plane or train
Zipper: it consists of two rows of metal or plastic teeth that you can pull together to close sth or pull apart
to open it
Retractable: that can be moved or pulled back into the main part of sth
Clear: to give official permission for a person, a ship, a plane or goods to leave or enter a place
Clear custom
Orchestra: a large group of people who play various musical instruments together, led by a conductor.
Enquiry: a request for information about sb/sth; a question about sb/sth.
Follow: to come or go after or behind sb/sth
Concession: a reduction in a amount of money that has to be paid, a ticket that is sold at a reduced price to
a particular group of people
Grandstand: a large covered structure with rows of seats for people to watch sports events
Coordinate: to organize the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it so that it works well
Credit: an arrangement that you make, with a shop/store for example, to pay later for sth you buy
Feature: (noun) sth important, interesting or typical of a place or thing
A special article or programme about sb/sth.
(verb) khắc họa,
Chiếu phim – có ai đó đóng vai chính
Distributor: a person or company that supplies goods to shops/stores, etc
Fit in (with sb/sth): to live, work, etc. in an easy and natural way with sb/sth
Foyer: a large open space inside the entrance of a theatre or hotel where people can meet or wait
Intermission: a short period of time between the parts of a play, film/movie, etc.
Fame: the state of being known and talked about by many people
Council: the organization that provides services in a city or county, for example education, houses,
libraries, etc
Admission: the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event
Promotion: activities done in order to increase the sales of a product or service; a set of advertisements for

a particular product or service.
Sense of humour: (n) the ability to find things funny or make people laugh
Ex: I can’t stand people with no sense of humour.
Psychology /sai’kolәdji/: (n) the scientific study of the mind and how it influences behaviour
Cite: (v) to mention sth as a reason or an example, or in order to support what you are saying
Marble: (n) a small ball of coloured glass that children roll along the ground in a game
Pose: (v) to create a problem, etc. that has to be dealt with
(for sb/sth) to sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed
Deductive: (adj) using knowledge about things that are generally true in order to think about and
understand particular situations or problem – suy diễn, diễn dịch
Apparatus: (n) the tools or other pieces of equipment that are needed for a particular activity or task -
dụng cụ
Dramatic: (adj) sudden, very great and often surprising, exciting and impressive
Inferential: (adj) tính suy luận
Integration: (n) the act or process of combining two or more things so that they work together – giữa các
nhóm, liên nhóm
Perplex: (v) if sth perplexes you, it makes you confused or worried because you do not understand it
Crucial: (adj) extremely important, because it will affect other things
Experimenter: (n) people who do the research
Modification: the act or process of changing sth in order to improve it or make it more acceptable; a
change that is made
Incapable: not able to do sth
Reasoning: (n) the process of thinking about things in a logical way; opinions and ideas that are based on
logical thinking - quá trình lập luận
Reason: (n,v) suy luận
Eminent: (adj) famous and respected, especially in a particular profession
Follower: (n) a person who does things after sb else has done them first
Vocational: (adj) connected with the skills, knowledge, etc. that you need to have in order to do a
particular job
Ex: vocational school: trường dạy nghề, vocational training: sự đào tạo ngành nghề

Ordinary: (adj) not unusual or different in any way
Association: (n) an official group of people who have joined together for a particular purpose
A connection or relationship between people or organizations
Assist: (v) to help sb to do sth
Recreational: (adj) connected with activities that people do for enjoyment when they are not working
Flexible: (adj) able to change to suit new conditions or situations
Elite: (adj) exellent
Insist: (v) to demand that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth
Ex: I didn’t really want to go but he insisted.
Delta: (n) an area of land, shaped like a triangle, where a river has split into several smaller rivers before
entering the sea
Breakneck: (n) very fast and dangerous
Dumper truck: (n) a vehicle for carrying earth, stones, etc. in a container which can be lifted up for the
load to fall out
Sink: (v) to go down below the surface or towards the bottom of a liquid or soft subtance
Reclaim: (v) to make land that is naturally too wet or too dry suitable to be built on, farmed, etc.
The seabed: (n) the floor of the sea/ocean
Squeeze: (v) to get liquid out of sth by pressing or twisting it hard
Sponge: (n) xốp
Cause: (verb) to make sth happen, especially sth bad or unpleasant
Ooze: (v) if a thick liquid oozes from a place, or if sth oozes a thick liquid, the liquid flows from the place
slowly
(n) very soft mud, especially at the bottom of a lake or river
Engineer: (v) to design and build sth
Inevitable: (adj) that you cannot avoid or prevent, sure to happen sth bad
Settlement: (N) sự lún xuống – định cư – agreement between 2 group
Cope: (v) to deal successfully with sth difficult
Terminal: (n) a building or set of building at an airport where air passangers arrive and leave
Pillar: (n) cây cột
Jack sth up: (v) to lift sth, especially a vehicle, off the ground using a jack

Wedge: (n) đế, chêm
Tricky: (adj) difficult to do or deal with
Outcrop: (n) a large mass of rock that stands above the surface of the ground
Consortium: (n) A group of people, countries, companies etc. who are working together on a particular
project
Aggressive: (adj) angry, and behaving in a threatening way, ready to attack
Acting with force and determination in order to succeed
Assemble: (v) to come together as a group
To fit together all the separate parts of sth, for example a piece of furniture
Dredger: (n) a boat or machine that is used to clear mud, etc. from bottom of a river, or to make the river
wider
Fleet: (n) a group of military ships commanded by the same person
Dump: (v) to get rid of sth you do not want, especially in a place which is not suitable – throw away
Suck: (V) hút
Dredge: (v) to remove mud from the bottom of a river, canal, etc. using a boat or special machine, to
make it deeper or to search for sth
Stiff: (adj) thick and almost solid, difficult to stir
Foundation (n) nền móng
Massive: (adj) very large, heavy and solid
Extremely large or serious
Bare: (adj) not covered by any clothes
Bolster: (v) to improve sth or make it stronger
Formidable: (adj) if people, things or situations are formidable, you feel fear and/or respect for them,
because they are impressive or powerful, or because they seem very difficult
Bear, take, etc. the brunt of sth: to receive the main force of sth unpleasant – chịu đựng sức nặng
Deflect: (v) to change direction or make sth change direction, especially after hitting sth – làm lệch, uốn
xuống
To succeed in preventing sth from being directed towards you
Persistent: (adj) determind to do sth despite difficulties, especially when other people are against you and
think that you are being annoying or unreasonable

Contiuing for a long period of time without interruption, or repeated frequently, especially in a
way that is annoying and cannot be stopped
Downpour: (n) a heavy fall of rain that often starts suddenly
Void: a lagre empty space
Adolescence: the time in a person’s life when he or she develops from a child into an adult
Ex:Adolescence brings about major changes in a young person’s body.
Adulthood: the state of being an adult
Ex: A child reaching adulthood
Bond: something that forms a connection between people or groups, such as a feeling of friendship or
shared ideas and experiences
Ex: the special bond between mother and child
Brotherhood: the relationship of brothers
Ex: the ties of brotherhood
Fatherhood: the state of being a father
Instinct: a feeling that makes you do sth or believe that sth is true, even though it is not based on facts or
reason
Ex: Her instincts had been right.
Interact: to communicate with sb, especially while you work, play or spend time with them
Interaction: the interaction between performers and their audience
Resemblance: the fact of being or looking similar to sb/sth
Ex: The resemblance between the two signatures was remarkable.
Rivalry: a state in which two people, companies, etc. are competing for the same thing
Ex: There is a certain amount of friendly rivalry between the teams.
Sibling: a brother or a sister
Ex: sibling rivalry
Temperament: character
Tie: (noun) strong connection between people or organizations
Upbringing: the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up
Extended family: a family include parents, children, uncles, aunts, grandparents, etc
Immediate family: nearest in relationship or rank (parents, children, brothers and sisters)

Maternal: have feeling that are typical of a caring mother towards a child
Striking: interesting and unusual enough to attract attention
Close-knit: (adj) having strong relationships with each other and taking a close, friendly interest in each
other’s activities and problems – gắn bó với nhau
Parental: connected with a parent or parents
Rewarding: worth doing, that makes you happy because you think it is useful or important
Accommodate: to provide sb with a room or place to sleep, live or sit
Break down: to stop working because of a fault
Have sth in common (with sb) (of people) to have the same interests, ideas, etc. as sb else
Have sth in common (with sth) (of things, places, etc.) to have the same features, characteristics, etc
Inherit: to receive money, property, etc. from sb when they go pass
Interact: to communicate with sb, especially while you work, play or spend time with them
Nurture: to care for and protect sb/sth while they ate growing and developing
Relate to sth/sb: to be connected with sth/sb; to refer to sth/sb
To be able to understand and have sympathy with sb/sth
Tutor: a private teacher, especially one who teaches an individual student or a very small group
Struggle: to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems
Out of touch with the modern world
Form: to begin to exist and gradually develop into a particular shape, to make sth begin to exist in a
particular shape
Build a relationship, develop a relationship, establish a relationship, form a relationship, have a
relationship.
A close relationship, a long-standing relationship, a working relationship, a successful relationship
A relationship with someone, a relationship between two things or people
Patience: the ability to stay calm and accept a delay or sth annoying without complaining
The ability to spend a lot of time doing sth difficult that needs a lot of attention and effort
Stubborn: determined not to change your opion or attitude
Ex: He was too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.
Hand sth down (to sb): to give or leave sth to sb who is younger than you
Ex: Most of his clothes were handed down to him by his older brother.

Enthusiastic: hăng hái, nhiệt tình
Hot- tempered (adj): tending to become very angry easily
Enroll: to arrange for yourself or for sb else to officially join a course, school, etc.
Concept: (noun) an idea or a principle that is connected with sth abstract – quan niệm, khái niệm
Consequence: (noun) a result of sth that has happened
Gesture: (a movement that you make with your hands, your head or your face to show a particular
meaning – hoặc còn có nghĩa là: điệu bộ cử chỉ
Imagination: (noun) the ability to create pictures in your mind, the part of your mind that does this
Infancy: (noun) the time when a child is a baby or very young
Infant: a baby or very young child
Maturity: (noun) tính chín chắn, trưởng thành
Milestone: a very important stage or event in the development of sth
Peer: a person who is the same age or who has the same social status as you
Phase: a stage in a process of change or development
Rate: (noun) a measurement of the speed at which sth happens – tốc độ, tỷ lệ
The measurement of the number of times sth happens or exists during a particular period
Stage: (noun) a period or state that sth/sb passes through while developing or making progress
A separate part that a process, etc. is divided into
Ex: The children are at different stages of development
Toddler: (noun) a child who has only recently learnt to walk
Transition: the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another
Abstract: (adj) lý thuyết, trừu tượng, không thực tế
Cognitive: (adj) connected with mental processes of understanding – liên quan đến nhận thức, dựa trên
hiểu biết
Clumsy: (adj) vụng về, lóng ngóng
Fond: (adj) trìu mến, yêu mến, nuông chiều
Fully-grown: (adj) sinh trưởng đầy đủ, trưởng thành
Immature: (adj) non nớt, chưa chính chắn
Irresponsible: (adj) thiếu tinh thần trách nhiệm
Mature: (adj) trưởng thành, chín chắn, cẩn thận

Patient: (adj) kiên nhẫn, bền chí
Rebellious: (adj) nổi loạn, khó trị
Significant: (adj) có ý nghĩa, đáng kể
Tolerant: (adj) khoan dung, dễ tha thứ
Ex: her own mistakes make her very tolerant towards others
Gesture: (v) to move your hands, head, face, etc. as a way of expressing what you mean or want
Imitate: (v) to copy sb/sth
To copy the way a person speaks or behaves, in order to make sb laugh
Ex: she knew that the girls used to imitate her and laugh at her behind her back.
Master: to learn or understand sth completely
To manange to control an emotion
Mature: (V) to become fully grown or developed
Reminisce: (v) to think, talk or write about a happy time in your past
Ex: We spent a happy evening about a happy time in your past
Tantrum: (v) a sudden short period of angry, unreasonable behaviour, especially in a child
To have/throw a tantrum
Visualize: (v) to form a picture of sb/sth in your mind
Bear in mind: to remember sb/sth; to remember or consider that
Have sth in mind: to be thinking of sb/sth, especially for a particular job, etc.
Put your mind at ease/rest: to do or say sth to make sb stop worrying about sth
Slip your mind: you forget it or forget to do it
Keep an open mind: to be willing to listen to or accept new ideas or suggestions
Adolescent:
Typically: used to say that sth usually happens in the way that you are stating – đặc trưng, điển hình
Ex: The factory typically produces 500 chairs a week.
In a way that shows the usual qualities or features of a particular
Ex: Mothers typically worry about their children.
In the way that you expect sb/sth to behave
Ex: He was typically modest about his achievement.
Adolescent: a young person who is developing from a child into an adult

Attempt: (v) trying to do sth
Break-in: (n) an entry into a building using force, usually to steal sth
Whereabouts: (n) the place where sb/sth is
Ex: His whereabouts are/is still unknown.
Policy: (n) chính sách, đường lối hoạt động
A written statement of a contract of insurance.
Convert: (V) to change or make sth change from one form, purpose, system, etc. to another
Add on: (v) to include or attach sth extra
Allocation: (n) an amount of money, space, etc. that is given to sb for a particular purpose
Orientation: (n) sự định hướng – huấn luyện
Corridor (n): a long narrow passage in a building, with doors that open into rooms on either side
Emboss: (v) to put a raised design or piece of writing on paper, leather, etc.
Hand sb over to sb: to let sb listen or speak to another person, especially on the telephone or in a news
broadcast.
class reunion: (n) họp lớp
peer pressure: (n) áp lực đồng trang lứa
compulsory (required) subject: (n) môn học bắt buộc
optional (elective) subject: môn học tự học
co-ed school: (n) trường cả năm và nữ
juvenile problem: (n) vấn đề vị thành niên
extracurricular activities: hoạt động ngoại khóa
life-long education: (n) giáo dục cả đời
standardized test: bài test chuẩn hóa để đạt gì
self-instruction: (v) tự học
enroll for = sign up for
up-to-date: (adj)
update (v)
get involved in = participate in = take part in
via = through
attend: (v) to be present at an event

address: (v) to think about a problem or a situation and decide how you are going to deal with it
put pressure on sb
work under a lot of pressure from sb
shift work: làm việc theo ca
high(low)-paying job, well-paid job
job performance
self-employment, unemployment rate
ensure: (v) to make sure that sth happens or its definite
recession: (n) a difficult time for the economy of a country
corruption: (n) tham nhũng
the financial crisis: (n) khủng hoảng tài chính
the high inflation rate: (n) lạm phát cao
the economy: (n) nền kinh tế
economic: (adj) – the economic growth
economics: (n) ngành học kinh tế
economist: (n) người nghiên cứu kinh tế
economize: (v) tiết kiệm
economical: (adj) tính tiết kiệm
Aspect: (n) a particular part or feature of a situation, an idea, a problem, etc; a way in which it may be
considered
Attitude: (n) the way that you behave towards sb/sth that shows how you think
Creative (adj): involved the use of skill and the imagination to produce sth new or a work of art
Creativity (n):
Fulfil: (v) to do or achive what was hoped for or expected
Fulfilment: (n) sự hoàn thành
Insight (n): the ability to see and understand the truth about people or situations
An understanding of what sth is like
Ex: The book gives us fascinating insights into life in Mexico
Optimist: (n) a person who always expects good things to happen or things to be successful
Optimize: (v) to make sth as good as it can be; to use sth in the best possible way

Ex: to optimize the use of resources
Outlook: (n) the attitude to life and the world of a particular person, group or culture
Pessimist: (n) a person who always expects bad things to happen
Realist: (n) a person who accepts and deals with a situation as it really is and does not try to pretend that it
is different
I’m a realist – I know you can’t change people overnight.
Risk-taking: (n) the practice of doing things that involve risks in order to achieve sth
Self-expression: (n) the expression of your thoughts or feelings, especially through activities such as
writing, painting, dancing, etc.
Sense: (n) a feeling about sth important
Dissatisfied: (adj) not happy or satisfied with sb/sth
Materialistic: (adj) caring more about money and possessions than anything else – duy vật, thiên về vật
chất
Recreational: (adj) connected with activities that people do for enjoyment when they are not working –
thuộc về giải trí
Motivate: (v) to be the reason why sb does sth or behaves in a particular way
To make sb want to do sth, especially sth that involves hard work and effort
Satisfy: (v) to make sb pleased by doing or giving them what they want
To provide what is wanted, needed or asked for
Living expenses: chi phí sinh hoạt
Lifetime: (n) the length of time that sb lives or that sth lasts
From all walks of life: đủ mọi thành phần trong xã hội
Once in a lifetime opportunity: cơ hội có một không hai
A lifelong ambition of mine
A rise in petrol prices leads to a rise in the cost of living
Clarify (v) to make sth clearer or easier to understand
Appreciate (v) to understand that sth is true
To recognize the good qualities of sb/sth
Gossip (n) informal talk or stories about other people’s private lives, that may be unkind or not true
Chuyện ngồi lê đôi mách, tầm phào

Argue (v) to give reasons why you think that sth is right/wrong, true/not true, etc, especially to persuade
people that you are right
Eventually (adv) at the end of a period of time or a series of events
Evolution (v) the gradual development of plants, animals, etc. over many year as they adapt to changes in
their environment
Grooming (n) the things that you do to keep your clothes and hair clean and neat, or to keep an animal’s
fur or hair clean
Reliant (adj) needing sb/sth in order to survive, be successful, etc. – dựa vào, nhờ cậy – tín nhiệm
Oppose (v) to disagree strongly with sb’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it or prevent it from
succeeding
Precursor (n) tiền thân
Opiate (n) thuốc phiện, kích thích
Banter (n) giễu cợt, nói đùa
Cohesive (adj) forming a united whole
Utilize (v) to use sth, especially for a practical purpose
Prevalent (adj) that exists or is very common at a particular time or in a particular place
Thịnh hành, phổ biến
Sympathetic (adj) kind to sb who is hurt or sad; showing that you understand and care about their
problems
Showing that you approve of sb/sth or that you share their views and are willing to support them
Minor (adj) not very large, important or serious
Secure (adj) feeling happy and confident about yourself or a particular situation
Likely to continue or be successful for a long time
(v) to obtain or achieve sth, especially when this means using a lot of effort
Pattern (n) the regular way in which sth happens or is done
An excellent example to copy
Cease (v) to stop happening or existing; to stop sth from happening or existing
Genuine (adj) real; exactly what it appears to be; not artificial
Sincere and honest; that can be trusted
Congestion (n) the state of being crowded and full of traffic

Freight (n) goods that are transported by ships, planes, trains or lorries/trucks; the system of transporting
goods in this way
Revert to sb/sth: to return to the original owner again
Deplete (v) to reduce sth by a large amount so that there is not enough left
Depletion (n) sự thiếu hụt
Scenario (n) kịch bản, viễn tưởng
Feasible (adj) that is possible and likely to be achieved
Merit (n) phẩm chất xứng đáng được khen thưởng, công lao
Trial (n) sự thử thách, thử nghiệm – xét xử
Fraud (n) the crime of cheating sb in order to get money or goods illegally
Verify (v) to check that sth is true or accurate
Authorize (v) to give official permission for sth, or for sb to do sth
Enforce (v) to make sure that people obey a particular law or rule
Welfare (n) sức khỏe thịnh vượng
Tiền trợ cấp cho người thất nghiệp
Abuse (n) the use of sth in a way that is wrong or harmful – lạm dụng, ngược đãi, lăng mạ, xỉ nhục, hành
động bất lương
Roof (n) the structure that covers or forms the top of a building or vehicle
Critic (n) nhà phê bình, người trỉ trích
Stigmatize (v) to treat sb in a way that makes them feel that they are very bad or unimportant
Recipient (n) a person who receives sth
Skim (v) read sth quickly in order to find a particular point or the main points
Tear – tore – torn: (v) to damage sth by pulling it apart or into pieces or by cutting it on sth sharp; to
become damaged in this way
Flicker (v,n) a light that shines in an unsteady way
Leak (v) to allow liquid or gas to get in or out through a small hole or crack
Spare (adj) kept in case you need to replace the one you usually use; extra
Available to do what you want with rather than work
Slippery (adj) difficult to hold or to stand or move on, because it is smooth, wet or polished
Irritate (v) to annoy sb, especially by sth you continuously do or by sth that continuously happens

To make your skin or a part your body sore or painful
Ethical (adj) connected with beliefs and principles about what is right and wrong – đạo đức
Oppressive (adj) treating people in a cruel and unfair way and not giving them the same freedom, rights,
etc. as other people – đàn áp, áp bức
Regime (n) a method or system of government, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way
Chế độ
Virtually (adv) almost or very nearly, so that any slight difference is not important
Anticipate (v) to expect sth – đoán trước, lường trước
Prompt (v) to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen – thúc đẩy, ngay lập tức
(adj) done without delay
Impede (v) to delay or stop the progress of sth
Hunt (v,n) an act for looking for sb/sth that is difficult to find
Versus (v) used to show that two teams or sides are against each other – vs
Empirical (adj) based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories
Interfere (v) to get involved in and try to influence a situation that does not concern you, in a way that
annoys other people – can thiệp, xía vào
Assess (v) to make a judgement about the nature or quality of sb/sth – đánh giá
Offset (v) đền bù
Redundant (adj) not needed or useful – bị sa thải, dư thừa
Marvellous (adj) wonderful
Turn aside from: bỏ qua, dẹp sang bên
Recipe (n) công thức làm món ăn, cách làm, phương thức thực hiện
Defect (n) a fault in sth or in the way has been made which means that it is not perfect
Be delivered of a baby: to give birth to a baby
The baby was delivered by Caesarean
Womb (n) the organ in women and female animals in which babies develop before they are born
Foetus (n) a young human or animal before it is born, especially a human more than eight weeks after
fertilization
Cystic fibrosis (n) a serious medical condition that some people are born with, it often leads to infections
and can result in early death – xơ gan

Muscular dystrophy (n) a medical condition that some people are born with in which the muscles
gradually become weaker
Interrealtionship = interrelation (n) the way in which two or more things or people are connected and
affect each other
Discriminate = oppress (v) đàn áp, bất công
Afflict (v) to affect sb/sth in an unpleasant or harmful way
Ailment (n) an illness that is not very serious
Objective (n) something that you are trying to achieve
Anatomy (n) the scientific study of the structure of human or animal bodies
Proof (n) information, documents, etc. that show that sth is true
Caucasian (n) a member of any of the races of people who have pale skin
Underlying (adj) nằm dưới dạng
Sequence (n) chuỗi các sự kiện, con số…
Fundamental (adj): serious and very important; affecting the most central and important parts of sth – cơ
bản, chủ yếu
Moral (adj) đạo đức
Counselling (n) professional advice about a problem
Session (n) a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity – phiên họp
Drop in: ghé thăm
Ridiculous (adj) very silly or unreasonable
Confine (v) to keep sb/sth inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc.
Overtake (v) to go past a moving vehicle or person ahead of you because you are going faster than they
are
Verbal abuse (n) cải vã, cải lộn
Rage (n) cơn thịnh nộ, giận dữ
Inhabitant (n) a person or an animals that lives in a particular place
Ex: a town of 11000 inhabitants – the oldest inhabitant of the village
Itinerary (n) a plan of journey, including the route and the places that you visit
Adventurous (adj) willing to take risks and try new ideas; enjoying being in new, exciting situations
Including new and interesting things, methods and ideas

Full of new, exciting or dangerous experiences
Breathtaking (adj) very exciting or impressive; very surprising – ngoạn mục
Coastal (adj) of or near a coast
Cosmopolitan: (adj) containing people of different types or from different countries, and influenced by
their culture
Luxurious (adj) very comfortable, containing expensive and enjoyable things
Mountainous (adj) having many mountains – a mountainous region
Very large in size or amount; like a mountain
Mountainous waves
Picturesque (adj) pretty, especially in a way that looks old-fashioned – a picturesque cottage
Quaint (adj) attractive in an unusual or old-fashioned way – là lạ
Scenic (adj) having beautiful natural scenery
An area of scenic beauty
Stunning (adj) extremely attractive or impressive – tuyệt vời
Extremely surprising or shocking
Tough (adj) cứng cỏi, cứng rắn
Rough (adj) gồ ghề, thô
Unspoilt (adj) beautiful because it has not been changed or built on
Fluctuate (v) to change frequently in size, amount, quality, etc. especially from one extreme to another
Thay đổi thất thường
Spoil (v) to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant, useless, etc.
Theme (n) the subject or main idea in a talk, piece of writing or work of art
Fountain (n) đài phun nước
At times: some time
Overlook (v) ngắm được cảnh
Crisp (adj) pleasantly dry and cold
Treacherous (adj) dangerous – that cannot be trusted