\JU
BAN TUYEN GIAO TINH UY NINH
BINH
• CONG TY VAN
HOAJRI
TUE VIET
ftO
/ / jD^^^Q yf^hvtc
hien va
gicfi
thieu xuat ban
nuc men
va
giai inieu xuai oan
m viel
Nam
AND
DEVELOPMENT
'i-x.<^mf^
DINH CHINH
NOI
DUNG CUON SACH
"Ninh Binh - 185 nam
Ijch sir
va phat trien'
Trang
9
12
12
21
28

29
75
97
140
149
202
205 -
206
209
1
Dong Da in
4(DL)
5(TX)
6(TX)
7(TX)
7(DL)
5 (TX)
17
(DL)
1 (TX)
6DL
5(TX)
12 (TX)
1 (DL-
TX)
3(DL)
CO 80 di tich cap quoc
gia
duoi chieu Tay
San

nam Gia Long
thir
5(1056)
CO 80 di tich cap quoc
gia
thuoc dia phan LTnh
de
'
CO thanh trong va
ngoai thanh
Hien Tu Hoang thai
hau
Que huong Ninh Ninh
Thuc dan Phap dia chu
6 dai hoi
nam
1
999
dat ty
dong

.van
dpng vien cac mon
the thao tham gia dat
dugc nhijng
thanh tich
dang phan khai
Nha nuac tang thuang
Huan chuang Doc lap
Hang Ba

Xin sua lai la
CO 78 di tich cap quoc
gia
duai trieu Tay San
nam Gia Long thu
5(1806)
CO 78 di tich cap quoc
gia
thuoc dia phan de
Hong LTnh
CO thanh trong va
thanh ngoai
Hien Tu Hoang thai
hau
Que huang Ninh Binh
Thuc dan Phap, dia
chii
6 dai dpi
nam 1999 dat 300,8 ty
dong
Bo cum tir nay
Nha nuac tang thuang
Huan chuang Doc lap
Hang Nhat
BAN
TUYEN
GIAO
TINH UY NINH BINH - CONG TY
VAN
HOA TRI TUE VIET

NINH BINH
185 NAM UCH SIJ
VA PHAT TRIEN
NINH BINH-185
YEARS
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
UMTUVEIiaa^MtllUlllMoMH cAGIVVtllMItil'ntf'ratVllT
filNHBiNM
TVT
A
IV
^ /)V\
(OJ,
NAM
-J
Lich Suva
phat
trien
IWWBINH
185
MS
HISTORY
AND
MVEIOPMENI
Cuon
saeh
nay
di/dc
xuat ban trong khuon
kh6

chi/dng
trinh
difan
xuat ban
GUONG MAT
VI$T
NAM - Gidi thieu tiem nang
dat va
ngi/di
tren
moi
mien dat
ni/dc
Viet Nam
NHA XUAT BAN
VAN
H()A
THONG TIN
Hd
Noi
-
2007

/
/
1.;/
yi
r*-^
t^M
GUdnq

mat
m
Viet Nam
•
Rh
ciru
.
I ipii
«ir.
KIUH
IF
.
UAM
unA
.
YA
wni
BO SACH
-
LICH
SIT
•
KINH TE
-
VAN HOA
•
XA HOI
BAN TUYEN
GlAO
TINH UY NINH

BJNH
- CONG TY VAN HOA TRI TUE
VIET
NINH BINH
185 NAM LICH SLf
A>
VA
PHAT TRIEN
NINH BINH-185
YEARS
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
NHA
XUAT
BAN
VAN HOA THONG TIN
Ha Noi - 2007

Chi dao noi dung:
BAN THUONG VU
TJNH
UY NINH BINH
Chi dao
thiic
hien va lien ket xuat ban
Oong chi
OINH
CHUNG PHUNG
Uy
vien Ban
thirdng vu Tinh iiy

Trutmg Ban Tuyen
giao
Tinh
uy Ninh Binh
Nha
tha
DOAN MANH PHUONG
Giam doc
Cong
ty
Van hoa Tri
tue Viet
Chu nhiem
dii an
xuat
b^n
GUaNG MAT VI^T NAM
Hgi dong bien tap
NGUYEN MANH TRUONG
-
DANG DINH CHAN
-
NGUYEN
MANH HUNG
PHAM TH! THUY
-
TRAN PHUONG
-
PHAM
BJNH

-
LE ANH CHIEN
D6
VAN
CHUYEN
-
HOANG PHUONG NHAM
-
TRAN
ANH TUAN
TRAN MIEU
-
TRAN VAN TRUONG
-
BUI VAN HIEN
-
LE
DUC THANH
HOANG VIET HUNG
-
DOAN TUYET NHUNG
-
DINH THI KIM ANH
BUI NGOC QUANG
-
CAO HA
-
PHAM LONG GIANG
Vbi su cong tac
dae

biet cua cac nha nghien cuu van hba
va lich
sii
tam huyet vai dat va ngubi Ninh Binh.
Bien dich tieng Anh
Trung tam Dich thugt Quoc te BTES
Thuc hien my thuat
TRUNG TAM MY THUAT UNG DUNG
CONG TY VAN HOA TR[ TUE VIET
BBT xin chan thanh cam
on
su giup da nhiet tinh cua Van phbng Tinh uy
Vdn
phbng UBND tinh ciing cac
sd,
ban, nganh doan the, huyen thi,
thanh phb, doanh nghiep cua tinh Ninh Binh.
ANH
VA BAI
TRONG SACH
CUA CAC TAC GIA
Tdc gid
bdi:
DINH VAN
HUNG,
OANG CONG
NGA, LA DANG BAT,
NGUYEN
VAN
NGOC,

NGUYEN
CAO
TAN,
PHAM DiNH
NHAN,
TRINH XUAN
DAT,
NGUYEN
VAN TRO,
06
TRONG
AM,
NGUYEN
XUAN THAO,
06
DANH
GIA,
VU VAN
LAU,
AN
QUANG
VINH,
NGUYEN
QUANG
HAI,
HAI
AU,
TA
HLRJ
Y^N,

BUI
DINH
THAO,
LE
LIEU,
TRUONG
HAN
VU,
XUAN DONG,
NGUYEN
HONG
TRL/ONG,
PHAN
HiEU,
NGUYEN
THANH
TUC,
BUI DiNH
LI$P,
OQC
THI^N,
VI^T
NGA,
T6
MAI,
PHAM
VAN
SON,
06
BANG,

BiNH
NGUYEN,
OL/C
TRUNG,
NGUYEN
CHAN,
DUONG
BIEN
THUY,
PHAM
DL/C
ANH
Tdc
gid
dnh:
THANH BiNH, BUI DUY
TL/,
TUAN
HAI, NGOC KHANH, MINH
TUAN,
PHAM HY
LLTONG,
THE'
MINH, HO CANH,
XUAN
TRUONG,
DLTC
LAN, NINH BiNH,
HL/ONG GIANG, CAO TAN,
HOANG

ANH, MINH
TI^N,
D6
BANG, MANH HUY, TUAN ANH,
OL/C PHONG,
LE
CONG,
TRAN
THUAN,
HOANG
ANH,
XUAN
HY
VA ANH
DO
BAN
TUYEN
GIAO
TINH
UY
NINH BiNH CUNG
CAP
Tdc gid tho:
TRL/ONG HAN
SlEU,
16
HLfU,
TA
HOU
YEN,

TRAN
DANG
KHOA,
BJNH
NGUYEN
NGUYEN HL/U
VAN,
THANH THAN, TRUONG MINH PHO, VU DL/C THANH
NGUYEN
KHAC
THIEU,
TRAN
LAM
BiNH,
LAM
XUAN
VI
Tdc gid ca
khuc:
THUAN
Y^N,
TRAN
HOAN,
HOANG QUY, TRAN CHUNG, SONG
OAO,
TLfONG
LAI
Tdi lieu tham khdo:
DANH
NHAN

DAT NINH BiNH, LICH
SL/OANG
BO NINH BiNH
(tap
1,2),
KINH
00
HOA
LUTHOI
DINH
-
TI^N
-
LE
(Dang Cong Nga
-
2002),
CO
00
HOA LU- LICH
SL/VA
DANH
THANG
(La Dang Bat
-1998),
CANH DEP NINH BiNH (La Dang Bat
-1997),
NINH BiNH THEO
DONG
LICH

SLf
VAN
HOA (Nguyin Van
Trb
-
2004),
NINH BiNH
-
QUE HUONG ANH HUNG (Ban chap
tianti
Dang
bd
tinh
Ninh Binh
-
2002),
NINH BiNH
TOAN
TINH
-
DIA CHI KHAO
BIEN
(Nguyin
Tir
Man
-
2001);
NIEN
GIAM
THONG

KE
TINH
NINH
BiNH
TU
NAM
1992
-
2006,
DAI
VIET
SL/
KY
TOAN
THL/
(NXB
KHoa hoc
•
xa
h6i)
X
a
I
t'6
#
.'•
>;;
Khuybn ca»i
bo
rn6"t long rpoi da

phuc
vu nlaan dan .
Chuc
cion^
Wao cac
CIAH
i6c 5ooin
k€\.
cKat
di«^,
san
xuat
-lot,
chien
^AU
gi<5»,
c|ui^el
"tam iarvh thang g»ac
My'
Kaw
lircfc .
jfij
Zi.S.i^
BAC
WO
TANO-OAI
HOI
-DANG
e,6
N'MH

SINH
CAN
T
HC;
10
DANH HIEU CAO QUY
DANG
VA NHA NUOC
TRAO
TANG
CHO
DANG
BO
CHiNH
QUYIN
VA
NHAN
DAN
NINH
BiNH
USH
DANH HIEU ANH HUNG LLVTND HUAN
CMIONG
DOC
LAP HANG NHAT
f:^^-«.J 4.,.
Lk
DON NHAN DANH HIEU ANH HUNG LLVTND NAM 2000
LOI NOI DAU
D

^^^ • mia
danh Ninh
Binh
co
tir
nam
1822
(nam Minh
^^^^k ^r 1
Mang thu
3),
den nay da trai qua
185
nam
\6i
biet
m ^k
-M—^
bao ddi thay
cimg v6i
tien trinh lich su cua dat
T—
^^
nuac.
Hoa Lu-Ninh Binh da tijmg la kinh do nuoc Dai
Co
'/
Viet cua 3 vuong trieu: Nha Dinh, Tien Le va Nha Ly; la
noi san sinh ra nhieu danh nhan, nhan vat lich su lam rang
danh cho que huong, dat nuoc. Ke

thijra.
phat huy
truybn
thong yeu nuoc,
truy6n
thong
each
mang, trong gan hai
the ky qua nhan dan Ninh
Binh
da doan ket, thong nhat,
neu cao y
chi
tu
luc,
tu
cuong,
nang dong, sang tao, n6 luc
phan dau vuot qua kho khan lap
dugc
nhieu chien cong,
thanh tfch trong su nghiep xay dung va bao ve To
qudc,
gop
phan
Cling ca
nu6c
viet nen trang
sir
ve vang, oanh liet cua dan

toe
Viet
Nam, chung
sue,
chung long xay dung que huong, dat nuoc.
Dae
biet, sau
15
nam tai lap tinh, thuc hien ducmg loi ddi moi do Dang khoi
xudfng
va lanh dao, Dang bo, quan va dan tinh Ninh
Binh
da
tich
cue,
nang dong,
phat huy noi luc, vuon len gianh
dugfc
nhieu thanh tuu quan trong tren tat ca cac
linh
vuc. Kinh te phat trien, tdc do tang trudng kha, co cau kinh te chuyen dich
dung hudng, cac ngudn luc huy dong cho dau tu, phat trien tang nhanh; van hoa -
xa hoi cd tien bo, ddi sdng nhan dan dn dinh va dugc cai thien
nhi6u
mat, bo mat
dd thi va ndng thdn cd
nhi6u
ddi mdi; an ninh, chinh tri, trat tu
an
toan xa hgi dugc

giiJ
vifng,
qudc phdng dugc tang cudng; he thdng chfnh tri dugc cung cd, tao tien
de cho budc phat trien mdi trong
nhirng
nam tiep theo.
Nhan dip ky niem
185
nam thanh lap tinh Ninh
Binh,
15
nam tai lap tinh,
Ban Thudng vu Tinh uy chi dao bien soan va xuat ban cudn
saeh
"Ninh
Binh
-
185 nam lich
su"
va phat trien" nham
khing
dinh
nhiJng
chang dudng va thanh
tfch ve vang trong cdng cudc bao ve va xay dung que huong
g^n
hai the ky qua;
gidi thieu nhu'ng net van hda
dae
s^c,

nhiJng
tiem nang to
Idn ciia
viing dat
va con ngudi Ninh
Binh.
Cudn saeh "Ninh
Binh -185
nam lich
su"
va phat trien" la mot tai lieu cd
gia tri tuyen truyen, giao
due,
giiJ gin
va phat huy
truybn
thdng lich
sir,
van hda tdt
dep cua que huong; khoi day trong mdi can bd, dang vien va nhan dan trong tinh,
nhat la the he tre,
tinh
yeu que huong, dat nudc, niem tu hao va y chf quyet tam
phan dau vuon len gianh nhieu thanh tuu to
Idn
hon nira trong su nghiep xay dung
va bao
ve
Td qudc, xay dung que huong Ninh
Binh

ngay
eang
giau dep, van minh;
qua cudn
saeh
nay, ban dgc cd dugc nhirng thdng tin can thiet ve mdt viing dat cd
bi day lich su, van hda, giau truyen thdng yeu nudc va
each
mang./.
DINH
VAlV
HUNG
Uy vien TU Ddng, Bi thu Tinh
iiy
Chii
tich HDND, Tinh Ninh Binh
BAN DO HANH CHINH
TINH NINH BINH
HOA BINH
jgj^l^
HA NAM
,V^ ,.
TiBtSiv'
L
NAM DINH
TINH NINH
BINH
.,-^"-
TP.
NINH

BINH
Ty
l«
1:37
000
w
LOI BAN BIEN
TAP
T
^nh
Ninh Binh duac tdi lap thdng 4 ndm 1992, vdi dien tich tu nhien gdn
l.400km\
ddn so hien nay khoang
920.000
ngudi;
Id mpt
vung ddt ndm d
cue
Nam dong bdng song Hong cdch Thu do Hd Noi
hom
90km
ve
phia
Nam tren tuyen giao thong quan trong qudc
lg lA
vd dudng
sdt
Bdc Nam. Do la
noi md nhdng ddu tich cua con ngudi ton tai tit hdng van ndm ve trudc vdn con
luu

lai;
Id cddo
Hoa Lu
mot
thdi sdng
choi,
nhu
mot
minh chdng
ve mpt
vung
ddt
Co
"dia
linh nhdn kiet".
Truyen thong vd hien tai luon hoa quyen vdo nhau de ldm nen mot Ninh
Binh gidu hdn sac vdn hda truyen thong yeu nudc vd cdch
mang.
Id
coi nguon
sice
manh
cda
ngudi ddn Ninh Binh trong khdng chien chdng giac ngoai xdm
cdng nhu trong thdi ky hoi nhap
vd
phdt trien cung ddt nudc.
Ninh Binh vdi hdnh trinh 185 ndm lich su
vd
phdt trien, cung vdi ddn tpc

ldm nen
biet bao sutich
khong the phai
md
trong lich
siic
dung nudc
vd
giu nudc.
Nhiing trang su
dy
mdi mdi
Id
niem
tii hdo
cua ngudi Ninh Binh,
Id
dpng luc to
Idn
de Ddng bp vd nhdn ddn Ninh Binh vuat
mgi
trd
nggi,
xdy dung tuang lai
Phdt huy truyen thdng hdo hung, nhiing ndm qua, Ddng bp vd nhdn ddn
Ninh Binh vuat len bao kho khdn, thu thdch, gidnh duac nhiing thdnh tuu rdt
quan
trgng:
Kinh
te

phdt
trien vdi tdc
dp tdng trudng khd;
Cacdu
kinh te chuyen
dich dung hudng; Cac nguon luc huy dpng cho ddu tu phdt trien tdng nhanh;
Ca sd
vdt
chdt
-
ky thugt dugc tdng cudng; Vdn hoa - xd hpi co nhieu tien bp;
Ddi sdng nhdn ddn
dugfc
cdi thien ve nhieu mat; An ninh chinh tri, trgt tu an
todn xd hpi dugc giii vung, qudc phdng duac tdng cudng; He thdng chinh tri
dugc cung cd, ndng len ve chdt lugng, Nhung thdnh tuu dgt
dugfc Id
tien de
vdng chdc de Ninh Binh vung budc tien vdo The ky XXI trong hdnh trinh hpi
nhap
vd
phdt trien ben vung cung ddt nudc.
Hoa cung mach ddp soi dpng ay, cudn
sdeh
NINH BINH - 185 NAM
LjCH
SLT
VA PHAT TRIEN do Ban Tuyen gido Tinh
iiy
Ninh Binh

vd
Cong ty
Vdn hoa Tri
tue Viet
phdi hap
vdi
NXB Vdn hoa Thdng tin xudt bdn
se
giup bgn
dgc them hieu
vd
yeu qui han viing ddt Cd Do Hoa Lu
lich
su
-
Cudn
sdeh
edn
ldm cho ngudi Ninh Binh them tu hdo ve que huang minh, ddng tdm hiep
lite
xdy dung tinh Ninh Binh ngdy edng gidu dep, vdn minh, xung ddng
Id viing
ddt
lich sd
vd
anh hung.
Ban bien tap chdn thdnh cdm an Tinh uy, HDND, UBND tinh Ninh Binh;
Cac ban, ngdnh trong tinh; Hpi Vdn hge nghe thugt Ninh Binh; Cap uy vd
chinh quyen cde huyen, thi; Cde doanh nghiep; Cde nhd nghien
eiiu,

nhd bdo,
nhd vdn, nhd tha, nhd nhiep dnh
ddtdn
tinh giup da
vd
cpng tdc
vdi
chung tdi
thue Men cudn sdeh ndy.
Do phdi thue hien trong mpt thdi
gian
ngdn nhdm kip thdi Chdo mdng Ky
niem 185 ndm thdnh lap tinh Ninh Binh, 15 ndm tdi lap tinh, ddn nhdn Hudn
chuang Dpc lap hgng Nhdt, chdo mdng thdnh phd Ninh Binh nen cudn sdeh
khd tranh khoi nhiing thieu sdt, rdt mong dugc bgn dgc thdng edm. Chung tdi
trdn trgng tiep thu y kien ddng gdp eua bgn dgc.
Xin gidi thieu cung bgn dgc cudn sdeh:
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LICH SLf VA PHAT TRIEN.
Ban Bien tap
NINH BINH
VUNG DAT - CON NGUOI
VA TRUYEN THONG
LjCH SU, VAN HOA
Ninh Binh la mpt vung
ddt
c6 nhieu di
tich,
danh thang noi tieng Viet
Nam nhu den vua Dinh, vua Le
dupe

xdy dung tu the l<y thu
XVII,
nhd thd da Phat Diem - mpt tuyet tdc cua nghe thuat kien
true
A Au,
rCfng
quoc gia
Cue
Phuong, khu du Ijch Tam Coc - Bich Oong, vung
du lich sinh thai Vdn Long, Trdng An. Ld vung ddt cua hdng trdm di
tich lich SLf, trong d6 eo 80 di tich dupe xep hang edp qudc gia voi
nhung ll hpi ddn gian phong phu vd no'i tieng, nhung Idng nghe,
vdn hda
drri
thuc phong
phu
tqo nen mpt Ninh Binh da dpng vd
gidu bdn sac

VUNG DAT VA CON
NGlTOl
NINH BINH
NINH BINH - NIEM TU HAO
MOT VUNG DAT CO
y^^
ua cac tai lieu cua Vien
Sir
hoc va
ciia
cac nha nghien

ciiu
da
tim
duoc
tir
trong
I
Isu saeh
- dia danh va danh
ximg
Ninh
Binh
chinh
thiic
co
tir
nam
1822
(nam
V^^
Minh Mang thu ba).
Trudc
khi co danh xung va dia danh Ninh
Binh,
nai day la
mot vUng dat co co con nguoi cu
trij
rat
sdfm tir
thai dai do da cu ma dau

tich
con luu lai
a
cac di chi Thung Lang (Tam Diep) co nien dai 3 van nam;
a
hang Dang
D^ng
(Ciic
Phuang)
each
ngay nay 7000 - 8000 nam
Trong hanh trinh lich
sir
cua dat nuoc, don vi hanh chfnh, dia giai va ten goi
ciia
viing
dat co nay da qua nhieu lan thay ddi. Theo Dai Nam nhdt thdng chi va nhu cu
Nguyen Tu
Miin
da ghi lai trong Ninh Binh todn tinh dia chi khdo bien viet
tir
nam
1862
(diing 40 nam sau khi dia danh va danh xung Ninh
Binh
ra doi) va cuon Dia chi
Vdn hda Ddn gian Ninh Binh ciia tac gia Truang
Dinh
Tuang chu bien
thi

dia
\uc
Ninh
Binh
tir thai Bdc thuoc va chong Bdc thuoc den nay da qua nhieu ten goi khac nhau.
Liic
dau la Nam Giao. Thoi nha Tan la Tuang Quan. Thai nha Han thuoc quan Giao Chi va
mot phan thuoc quan Ciru Chan. Tir thai Ngo, Tan thuoc Giao Chau. Cuoi nha Luang
thuoc Truang Chau. Thai
Tiiy.
Duong lai thuoc quan Giao Chi. Sau khi dep xong loan
12
sii"
quan xay nen tu chu - Dinh Tien Hoang De dat ten nuac la Dai Co Viet, dung kinh do
a Hoa Lu thuoc chau Dai Hoang. Den thai Ly la phu Truang Yen va mot phan chau Dai
Hoang. Doi Tran la lo Truong Yen, gom 4 huyen la: Le Gia, Uy
Vi6n,
Yen Ninh, Yen
Mo (hay Mo Do). Thoi nha Ho ddi thanh tran Thien Quan, gom cac huyen: Xich Thd, Xa
Lai va huyen Khoi. Duai thai thupc Minh lai ddi thanh chau Truang Yen thuoc phu Kien
Binh
va chau Ninh Hoa thuoc phu Quang Oai, Hung Hoa. Thai Hau Le la
dai
hai phu
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LjCH SU VA PHAT TRIEN
Truang Yen (gom 3 huyen: Gia
Vidn,
Yen Ninh, Yen Mo) va phu Thien Quan (gom 3
huyen: Phung Hoa, Ninh Hoa, Lac Thd).
Tir

1450
- 1469 le vao Thanh Hoa va tir 1470 - 1497 le vao
thiTa
tuyen San Nam.
Thofi
Le - Mac chuyen thanh Thanh Hoa ngoai tran. thuoc tran San Nam, sau Le Trung
Hung cat chuyen ve Thanh Hoa tran. Dudi chieu Tay San
van
giir nguyen nhu vay. Nam
Gia Long thii: 5
(1056)
ddi Thanh Hoa ngoai tran thanh dao Thanh
Binh.
Nam Minh
Mang
thii
3
(1822)
ddi dao Thanh
Binh
thanh dao Ninh
Binh.
Dia danh va danh xung
Ninh
Binh bdt
dau chinh thiic co tir day, gom
phii
Yen Khanh 3 huyen: Yen Khanh, Yen
Mo,
Gia

Vi6n
va phu Thien Quan 3 huyen: Phiing Hoa, Yen Hoa, Lac Thd. Nam Minh
Mang
thii
10 (1829) ddi thanh tran Ninh
Binh
va co them huyen Kim San mdi duoc thanh
lap thuoc
phii
Yen Khanh. Nam Minh Mang
thii
12
(1831)
nang tran Ninh
Binh
thanh
tinh Ninh
Binh,
va den nam
1838
cdt tdng Than
Phii,
huyen Tdng San (nay la Nga San,
Thanh Hda) ve huyen Yen Md, thudc phu Yen Khanh tinh Ninh
Binh.
Nam 1862, ddi
phii
Thien Quan thanh
phii
Nho Quan va nam

1888
cdt huyen Lac Thd, phu Nho Quan
ve Hda
Binh.
Nam Thanh Thai thii: 18 (1906) thanh lap huyen Gia Khanh, gom 4 tdng
thudc huyen Yen Khanh va 4 tdng thudc huyen Gia Viln.
Sau
each
mang thang Tam nam 1945, tinh Ninh
Binh
gdm thi xa Ninh
Binh
va 6
huyen: Nho Quan, Gia Viln, Gia Khanh, Yen Khanh, Yen Md, Kim Son. Nam 1975, sau
khi nudc nha thdng nhat, theo Nghi quyet ky hop
thii
II Qudc hdi khda V, tinh Ninh
Binh
hap nhat vdi tinh Nam Ha thanh tinh Ha Nam Ninh tu ngay
3/2/1976
va sau
16
nam
hgp
tinh theo Nghi quyet ky hop
thii
X Qudc hdi khda VIII tir ngay
1/4/1992,
tinh
Ninh

Binh
dugc
tai lap tren pham vi dia gidi nhu trudc khi hgp nhat.
Trong sudt hanh trinh gan hai the ky qua, Ninh
Binh
ft nha't da cd tren 20 lan thay
ddi vl dan vi hanh chfnh, dia gidi va ten ggi khac nhau. Tfnh tir khi cd dia danh va danh
xung Ninh
Binh
den nay, trong
185
nam da cd 5 lan thay ddi, song ve ca ban dia gidi va
danh xung ten ggi vdn dugc giir nguyen nhu hien nay (trir
16
nam hgp nhat trong tinh Ha
Nam Ninh, nhung thi xa vdn mang ten Ninh
Binh).
Do dilu kien lich sir, lai khdng cd
nhilu tu lieu dugc ghi chep va luu lai nen khd cd the can
cii:
chfnh xac de ly giai ve nhung
thay ddi ay. Rieng dia danh Thanh
Binh
hay Ninh
Binh
cung danh de ndi ve mdt viing
dat
binh
yen va phat trien. Tir bao ddi nay ngudi dan Ninh
Binh

da sinh sdng va tdn tai
lien tuc tir xa xua tren viing dat cd nay. Qua qua trinh phat triln ay Ninh
Binh
da tu hao
timg la kinh dd nudc Dai Cd Viet
ciia
ba vuang trieu Dinh - Le - Ly tir cudi the ky
thu:
X
den dau the ky
thii
XI va la manh dat da timg san sinh ra
nhiJng
danh nhan, nhirng nhan
vat lich sir hien tai lam rang danh que huang, dat nudc.
BBT
(Tlieo
cac tu
lieu ciia Vien Sit ligc
va cac tdi lieu co lien quan)
H - MOT VUNG DI TICH
A
VA
DANH
THANG
»
fi>
n >
Anh:
Bui

Tuan
Hai
NINH BINH - MOT VUNG DI TICH
LICH SU,
VAN HOA VA DANH
THA
Nha thd da Phat
Diem
NINH BINH -
185
NAM LICH
SLf
VA PHAT TRIEN
NINH BINH -
MOT
VUNG
SON THANH THUY TU
N
inh
Binh
la mdt vimg dat d ve
cue
nam ddng bdng Bdc Bd, thien nhien da uu dai
cho vira cd bien rdng, vira cd rimg ram, mii cao, vdi nhilu hang ddng va canh
quan thien nhien vira hiing
vT
vira dep nen tho.
Phfa tay va tay nam tinh, ddi mii trung diep, la mdt canh cung
ciia
day niii da vdi,

tir day Trudng San cd mdt dai ngang ra bien thanh dai Tam Diep - Bien Son. Dd la
biic
trudng thanh tu nhien hiem yeu, ngan
each
hai quan Giao Chi va Cim Chan tir xa xua.
Phfa bdc dai mii nay la khu rirng nguyen sinh
Ciic
Phuang ma 2/3 dien tfch ndm
tren dat Ninh Binh. Khu rimg nguyen thuy rdng 25.000 hecta nay, cd 3/4 dien tfch la mii
da vdi. Hai day ddi niii chfnh chay song song tao nen mdt thung
IQng
bat ngan vdi nhieu
ddng thuc vat quy hiem: nhihig
cay
Chd sdng gan
1.000
nam, cay Sau cd thu gdc cay chu
vi 60m, khi vang, vogc qudn dui,
sde
bung dd, thdn
Idn
bay Rimg
Cue
Phuang cd nhilu
hang ddng ky
thii:
ddng Vui Xuan, Thuy Tien, Thanh Minh, Trang Khuyet,
dae
biet la
ddng Ngudi Xua la nai ma cac nha khao cd da phat hien cac ngdi md cd vdi nhirng bd

hai cdt
ciia
nhirng ngudi sdng
each
ngay nay 7.000 den
12.500
nam.
VI phfa Nam day Tam Diep la mdt
Niing
niii da nhilu deo. Deo Ba Ddi (Tam Diep)
la mdt nggn deo cua ngd 2 viing Bdc Nam dat nudc khi xua. Noi day canh quan himg
vi,
biet bao danh
si
xua da timg ngam vinh:
Mpt dec mpt deo lgi mpt dec
Khen ai kheo tgc cdnh cheo leo
(Deo Ba Ddi
ciia
Hd Xuan Huang)
Viing nui phfa nam va tay nam day Tam Diep cdn cd nhilu niii va hang ddng dep
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LICH
SI/
VA PHAT TRIEN
nhu Ma
Linh,
Phugng San (xa Yen Thdng, Yen Md), Nggc Thd, Dang San (xa Yen
Thanh, Yen Md), Thien Oanh cd ddng, mii Voi, niii Bang (xa Yen Mac, Yen Md), ddng
Tra Tu (Yen Md), ddng Ma Tien, hang Phat, Vu Vu nguyen (Tam Diep).
Cac danh nhan xua da lay khf thieng sdng niii de giri gdm tam hdn

minh
vao dd.
Ninh Hy Tang (than phu cua Ninh Tdn, tien si thdi Le) da tim den Vu Vu nguyen ngdi
viet
saeh
Vu Vu thien thuyet va Tap
phong
vinh.
Ninh Tdn ddi ten mii Xa Triet (Niii Voi)
la Chuyet San de
tir
luan vl minh. Pham Than Duat danh nhan van hda ngudi Yen Mac
cd ten hieu la Vgng Son, chfnh la ten nggn mii Bang (hay cdn ggi la
niii
Ddng) d thdn
Yen Md thugng thudc xa Yen Mac.
Nhung nggn mii va hang ddng nay da lam bao du khach, danh nhan, thi
sT
khi qua
day deu rung ddng tam hdn va de lai nhilu tha dl vinh, nhu Nguyin Trai, Hai Thugng
lan dng, Nguyin Du, Ngd
Thi
Nham, Ngd
Thi
Si, Hd Xuan Huang , ke ca cac bac quan
vuang nhu Le Thanh Tdng, Le Hien Tdng, Thieu Tri.
0 viing mii phfa Bac
tinh
Ninh Binh cd nhieu nggn mii khdng cao nhung hiing
vl

Day Ma Yen son, noi de lang Dinh Tien Hoang, phfa trudc la mii Ra, niii Phi Van, bao
bgc khu
din
vua Dinh, vua Le. Va ddng Am Tien d tren mii Am Tien (Ngu Phong son),
tuc truyin la nai vua Dinh nudi hd; Cdn cd ddng Thien Tdn d niii Dung Duong thuge thi
tran Thien Tdn, huyen Hoa Lu.
0 viing niii nay cdn cd Bfch Ddng ndm trong day mii Ngu Dai. Nai day canh dep
hung
vT.
Bao quanh
nhung
nggn mii nhd nhap nhd la mdt thung lung mau md, ddng nudc
tdt tuoi, vl
miia
nudc trdng nhu mdt "Ha Long tren can". Bfch Ddng cdn dugc menh danh
la "Nam thien de nhi ddng", (ddng dep thii:
nhi
trdi Nam, sau ddng Huong Tfch). Tran
Nhan Tdng da den Bfch Ddng va de lai bai tho
tii
tuyet:
Nui Ky Lan
Anh:
Bui
Duy
Tu
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LjCH
SI/
VA PHAT TRIEN
Tdbien

son nhiiu thuy hoi hodn,
San thuy nhu
do
cdnh tu nhien,
Xuyen
thach nham thiiy
thdnh
ludng
cde,
Nhap vdn ldm hg xudt
triing
tuyen.
Tam dich:
Non nudc quanh co bdn mat vay,
Thien nhien
biic
hga dieu ky thay!
Hai hang ddng dd tren thdnh
nhii,
Triing
diep ven rimg sudi lan mdy.
Gdn Bfch Ddng la hang Tam
Cde
gom 3 hang lien hoan. Du khach tham hang
khdng cd dudng bd ma phai di theo cac ddng sudi dep, nudc sudi trong xanh chay ludn
qua 3 hang.
Cdn
bid't
bao nhieu hang ddng khac
nhu

ddng Dich Long (cdn cd ten la ddng Nham
San) d niii Dich Long thudc dia phan xa Gia Thanh, huyen Gia Viln. Dich Long cdn
dugc ggi la "Nam thien de tam ddng". Tren vach da niii Dich Long nay vdn cdn bai tha
ciia
Le Quy Ddn khi dng theo chiia Tinh Dd Vuang Trinh Sam len tham mii.
Cung trong viing mii Trudng Yen cdn nhilu hang ddng dep nhu ddng Lien Hoa, nai
Hoang giap Tam Dang Pham Van Nghi sau khi xin cao quan vl nghi, den d an, lam ban
ciing non xanh nudc biec va de lai bai Lien hoa dpng ky.
6
ve phfa ddng tinh Ninh Binh, ngay tren dia phan thanh phd Ninh
Binh
ngay nay,
ben ddng sdng Day la mii Non Nudc, hay cdn ggi la mii
Due
Thiiy. Nai day tir thdi nha
Ly cd thap Linh Te, va Truang Han Sieu ddi Tran cho
xay
Nghinh Phong cac
(gae
ddn
gid) va Dieu Ngu dai (dai cau ca). Ong cung de lai bai van bia
Due
Thiiy san Linh Te
thdp
ky.
Khi Minh Menh tuan du ra Bdc ddi ggi la Hd Thanh son. Tren niii cdn
khde
nhieu
bai tho cua Truang Han Sieu, Pham Su Manh, Nguyin Trai, Ngd Thi Si, Ngd Thi Nham,
Nguyin Khuyen, Cao Ba Quat v.v

Nguyin Trai cung cd tha vl mii
Due
Thiiy:
Due
Thiiy vd tinh phong tu nggc,
Dgi An trieu
trudng
thuy nhu thien.
NghTa la:
Due
Thiiy mua tan non tua nggc,
Dgi An trieu ndi nudc nhu trdi.
Niii
Non Nudc cdn la nai chiing kien tran danh
lumg
danh tieu diet ddn quan Phap
ciia
quan ddi ta trong cudc khang chien thdn thanh
ciia
dan tdc, thang 5 -
1951.
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LjCH
SLT
VA PHAT TRIEN
Gan mii
Due
Thiiy la nggn niii Canh Dilu, trdng nhu mdt canh dilu bay, nggn niii
cdn trdng nhu ngudi thieu nir dang ndm xoa tdc, nen Nguyin Cdng
Trii
qua day ggi la

mii Nggc my nhan.
Trong lich sir dung nudc va giir nudc lau dai
ciia
dan tdc, dat Ninh
Binh
d vao vi trf
chien
luge
vd cimg trgng yeu, la cira ngd tir Bdc vao Nam, cd day mii da vdi ndm ngang,
chay dai ra biln, tao nen mdt
biic
tudng thanh tu nhien va hiem yeu. Con dudng thien ly
xua kia phai qua cira ai Cim Chan (Cim Chan quan) ndm tren dia phan dat Tam Diep, Yen
Md. Cdn ve dudng thuy tir Bdc vao Nam xua kia budc phai di vdng ra xa cac mdm niii
da vdi d cira bien Than
Phii,
mdt cira bien dir ddi timg di vao ca dao:
Lenh denh qua
cUa
Thdn Phu
Kheo tu thi ndi, vung tu thi chim.
Viing bien Than Phil qua bien ddi
ciia
thdi gian den nay da
liii sau
vao dat liln
thudc huyen Yen Md, vl mdi nam viing ven bien Ninh
Binh
tien them ra bien tir 80m den
100m.

Cira bien Than
Phii
la nai chiing kien biet bao tran chien trong cdng cudc bao ve
To qudc, tir cac cudc Nam chinh cua cac tiln nhan den cdng cudc bao ve cira ngd bien
thuy mat bien phfa nam dat nudc.
Viing bien nay cd day mii da Than Dau. Khi dem quan vao quan Cim Chan, de
tranh doan vugt bien nguy
hiem.
Ma Vien da cho due mdt khe niii da de thuyin be qua
lai,
noi ay ggi la "Tac khau" tao thanh mdt ddng kenh thdng tir Chfnh Dai qua Hoang
Cuang sang Bach Ac dai khoang
10
km. 0 viing mii cira bien Than
Phii
nay, mii Than
Ddu cd ddng Bach Ac, ddng Luc Van, ddng Bfch Dao, noi Tir Thiic gap Giang Huang.
Ngoai gia tri vl vi trf quan
sir,
cira bien Than
Phii
cdn nhilu canh dep, mii non nha'p
nhd
Idn
trong sdng bien trdng that la hung
vT.
Nhirng canh dep tuyet my ma sir
saeh
xua
ghi lai, nay khdng cdn niia, va qua nam thang

ciia
lich sir dat liln lan ra bien, va Than
Phil nay d ben trong dat liln.
Canh dep Than
Phii
vao nhirng the ky trudc dugc ghi nhilu qua tha van cua cac
danh nhan van hda va cac bac vuang tdn cdng tir. Nguyin Trai de lai bai tho Cua bien
Thdn Phu:
Kinh phun lang hdng loi nam bac,
Sdo
Cling
san lien nggc hdu tien
nghTa la:
va bai
Kinh phun song vd gdm nam bdc,
Gido dung non bdy biec trudc sau
Cdnh dem
khuyadeita
Thdn Phu
Thdn
Phil
qua do
liic
dem khuya,
Gid mdt trdng thanh cdnh tuyet ky.
NINH BINH - 185 NAM LICH SLT VA PHAT
TRIEN
Mdng mgc
nghin
ddu non dung dimg,

Rdn
xanh mpt gidi nudc quanh
di.'"
Ninh
Binh
cdn cd ddng sdng Day dm bgc vl phfa bdc va ddng bdc. Sdng Day la
mdt nhanh sdng Hdng bdt ddu tir cira Phiing (Ha Tay), chay theo hudng lay bdc - ddng
nam qua Ha Tay, Ha Nam vao den dia phan Ninh Binh noi ranh gidi vdi Nam Dinh, rdi
dd ra bien d cira Day. Ben ddng sdng nay cd mii Non Nudc, noi chimg kien bao chimg
tfch lich sir; cd nga ba Ddc Bd, noi re nhanh vdi sdng dao Nam Dinh ndi vdi sdng Hdng.
Ddng Hoang Giang tir day mii thudc tinh Hda
Binh
va huyen Nho Quan chay xudng hgp
vdi sdng Day d Gian Khau
each
thi xa Ninh
Binh 10
km ve phfa Bdc - Tay Bdc.
Ngoai ra, Ninh Binh cdn cd ca mdt he thdng sdng con ndi lien vdi cac sdng Day,
sdng Hoang Giang chay vl cac huyen Gia Khanh, Yen Md. Yen Khanh nhu sdng Van,
sdng Vac, sdng Trinh, sdng
Biit,
sdng Can, sdng Td, sdng Nhue va mdt he thdng sdng
ngdi chdng chit d huyen Kim Son, dugc dao vao dau the ky XIX khi Nguyin Cdng
Trii"
td chii'c khai khain dat hoang, lap nen huyen Kim San ngay nay.
Con de Hdng
Diic
dugc ddp tir ddi Le Thanh Tdng (1460 - 1497) de ngan nudc
man, bien dat bai thanh ndi ddng, chay ngang qua hai huyen Yen Khanh va Yen Md,

ngay nay vdn cdn dau tfch chung minh cdng lao khai khan dat hoang, ngan de lan bien
ciia
tiln nhan.
Pham Dinh Nhdn
>
?
f
^ ^
True
Khe Ngo Van Trien dich.
2-NB