THlfVlftNTJNHNIB
DC
975
LA DANG BAT
NHA
XUAT-eAM
VAN
HOA-
nrjeNc^xjN

LA
DANG BAT
(Bien sogn)
KIM
SON
VUNG DAT
MO
^
<^ ~
jc'
-i
y'
ID
•
h-''
:
ipi^.,;
-
l^
^p
i

\D
'^r-
C3->
(>_>
ra;:^
NHA XUAT BAN
VAN
HOA - THONG TIN

PHAN I
QUA TRINH HINH THANH
HUYEN
KIM
SON
I -
VUNG OAT
TRUdC
KHI HUYEN KIM
SON
DUOC
THANH LAP
Ninh
Binh
la mot vung dat mcr. Cach ngay nay
hc^i
7 the ky,
tir
khoang cudi the ky XIII, bien cr ngay sat
chan ntii Non Nucic
(niii

Due Thuy) ndm d phfa Dong
Bdc thj xa Ninh Binh (nay la thanh pho' Ninh
Binh).
Thang chap nam Tan Hai
(1311)
vua Tran Anh
Tong than di danh Chiem Thanh, den thang 5 nam Nham
Ty
(1312)
mcii trd
v6,
ong len tham nui Due Thuy va lam
bai tho "Chinh Chiem Thanh hoan cim hgc Phitc Thanh
cdng" (Danh Chiem Thanh ve dau
thuy6n
cr
cira
bien
Phtic Thanh). Phtic
Thanh
la mot dja danh
cira
bien, thuoc
thanh
phd
Ninh
Binh
ngay nay. Trong bai tho co cau:
'Van
dgi

tinh ky quang hdi tgng
Ngil canh tieu co lgc thien cung"
(Muon doi cd bay,
\aing
bien riing
Nam canh ken trdng, dieu trdi xa)
Ngay nay neu den tham
niii Due
Tliuy, chiing ta
thay
phia
Bdc va phfa Dong chan mil,
Iuai
song bien da
liem mon quanh, bao got. khoet sau hom vao, lam cho
the ntii nhu mudn nho ra
de
soi tron
minh
tren tam
guoiig
dong song Day
Nhting dieu do khdng djnh
vCing
dai Ninh
Binh
ciich
day
hom biiy
the ky sat chan ntii

Due
Thuy con la
bien ca menh mong.
Neu chiing ta di tham Tam Cdc cr thdn Van Lam,
xa Ninh Hiii, huyen Hoa Lu cung se thay cac day ntii
non cr day, nhat la cr hai ben
cira
hang Ca, dual chan mii,
thay ciic vei 16m sau rong
hinh
vom, nhan bong nhu mai,
ngang deu nhau
nhir
co vet ke, se hieu ngay rdng xa
xira
nai day ciing la
bi6n
ca menh mong song
nircSc.
Song bien
khong ngiing vo hang trieu nam, bao mon, khoet sau ntii
da tao nen nhiing ky cong tuyet tac nhu the. Dieu do cung
the
hien thdi xa xua, viing dai nay cdn la bien ca.
Ngay nay xa Yen Lam, huyen Yen Mo la mot vting
dai mau mo, dan cu ddng
diic.
Nhung trudc day vung
dai nay
cQng

la bien cii. Vua Le Thiinh Tdng (1460 -
1497) ghi ki trong bai tho 'Than
Phii
hdi mon
W
thi/'
(Nghi lai
a cira
bien Tlian Phu). Trong bai tho cd cau:
"Chuong Hoang tdi mdn dien hd thgch
La Vien khinh thda cip ldng chdu"
(Trucmg Hoang chcr da lap kfn long song
La Vien cuoi thuyen nhe nhang de song)
Vua Le Thanh Tong da nhac den tfch thdi Hung
Vuang, khi vua Nam chinh tdi ctra
be
Thiin Phu, bong
gap mua to gio ldn ciin trcr hon hai ngay. Vua trai giai rdi
sai La Vien cuoi thuyen di trudc, mat bien trd lai bang
phdng, quan nha vua vucrt qua de dang. Tdi khi chien
thang quay ve, ltic ay La Vien da mai, vua ben xudng
chieu phong la
"Ap
Ldng ky nhdn" lap ddn thd d chan
niii
phfa Nam ctra bidn Than Phu.
Hoiing giiip Nguyen Trung Ngan
(1289
-
1370)

Cling
CO
bai tha 'Than Ddu cdng khdu vdn hgc" (Chieu
hom
diiu thuydn
d ctra
bi6n
Thiin Dau). Than Dau cung
la Tliiin Phu. Tidn st Nguydn Trai
(1380
-
1442) kii
cd bai
tha 'Than
Phii
hdi
khdu"
(Cua bidn Than Phu)
Ngay ca ca dao da cd ciiu:
"Lenh denh qua hien Than
Phii.
Kheo tu thi noi vung tu thi chim"
ctra bidn Tlidn
Phti
den thdi Hau Ld mdi boi ddp
hd't, ngay nay la dai xa Yen Lam, huydn Ydn Md.
Ndu
nhi5ng
dieu trdn de chting ta hieu
viing

da't
Ninh
Binh
xa xua khdng rong lon nhu bay gid. Do bid'n
ICii
xa dan, da't bdi md ra ndn mdi cd thdm vung dat cua
huydn Ydn Khanh va mot sd xa d huydn Ydn Mo.
Dd'n thdi Minh Miing
(1820
-
1840)
phia Nam
vCing
da't Ninh
Binh
lai md rong thdm.
Trudc nam 1829, viing da't nay d ven bidn thuoc
phu Trudng Ydn vdi didn tich han 3.000 mdu.
Sd
dl
Ninh
Binh
cd them viing da't ven bien dd, la
do nd nam trong vting ha
lun
chau thd sdng Hdng, cd
nhieu
phti
sa lan ra bien. Hang nam, trung
binh

phii sa
lan ra bien ttr 80 dd'n
100
m, nhung lai d didn
rt5ng.
Dieu dd chung td
toe
do bdi tu da't d day rat nhanh.
Nd'u so sanh vdi
viing
dat huydn NghTa Hung,
tinh
Nam
Djnh va vting dat huydn Tien Hai, tinh Thai
Binh
ngay
nay,
thi viing
da't huydn Kim San, tinh Ninh
Binh
cd tdc
do boi tu nhanh han
cii.
Nd'u "So
ven toe
do hoi tu hien
cua cdc chdu tho khdc tren the giai thi tdc do hoi tu nay
chi
kem co song Mixixipi a
Bdc

My
(120mllndm)
ma
thoi. Nhung su hoi tu eua chdu tho Mixixipi duac tien
8
hanh theo kieu ehdn vit chd khong phdi tren mot dien
rgng"'".
Trong thd' ky XIX dat bdi lan ra bien d Kim San
khoang
tCr 10
dd'n
12
km. Trong khi dd d Tien Hai chi cd
5 km.
Tir
nam
1830,
cu
10
nam
viing
da't Kim Son tidn ra
bien
ducrc
1 km.
Dieu dac bidt niia la viing dat nay lai cd hdn Ne
chdn bdn ngoai lam cho mat nudc ben trong kha yen
lang. Nd'u ndi mot
each hinh
tucmg

thi
nd dupc ndm
trong "hong song".
Y)6
la mot sti uu dai
ctia
thidn nhidn
gianh cho Ninh
Binh
ma khdng ma'y noi cd
dugc.
Dai da't ven bien nay cd dja
hinh
thap dan ttr Tay
Bdc xud'ng Ddng Nam. Phia Tay Bdc giap vdi huyen Ydn
Md va huydn Ydn Khiinh dai thudng cao han va
it
man.
Cdn phia Ddng Nam giap vdi sdng Day va bien
thi
do
chua man nhieu hon.
Nhin
chung, day la vung dai chua,
nudc man, cay cd moc um tiim, chu yd'u la cd lau.
Vung da't nay lai tuong dd'i bdng phdng, cdt da't
trung
binh
so vdi mat nudc bien ttr 0,8 dd'n
Im,

nai cao
nhai la 2 m, nai tha'p nha't la 0,5 m.
{\)
- Le
Bii
Thdo - Thien nhien Viet Nam - NXB Khoa hoc va Ky
thudt
- Hd Ngi - 1977 - trang 141. 142.
Gia pha ho Pham d xa Chai Tlianh (nay la xa Chat
Binh,
huydn Kim San) da ghi:
"Lite den (vimg ddt ndy) mudi keu
nhif
siim. lau
lach
mgc
day dong, nuac man lien trai; nai
cd tif
do hai
loi, cd viing ddt rgng menh mong khong co hong
ngifoi
cif
tni, chi co
nlu'fng
ngifdi
ddnh cd
thuang xuyen di lai
bang van luat tao nen
nlulng
lach

nifac
chdy".
Ca mot vung da't nay deu
sinh
lay, hoang vu, dd'n
miia nudc len la
chim
ngap dudi lan nudc mdnh mdng.
Nhu'ng viing da't nay
liii
cd thuan
lgi
lon la mau
mo,
thudng xuydn cd phii sa bdi dap do cd mot sd sdng
tu nhidn nhu sdng Day, sdng Vac (cdn goi la sdng
Tri
Chfnh) va sdng Can. Sdng Day nam d phfa Ddng Nam
huydn Kim Son ngay nay, bat dau ttr xa Xuan Thien rdi
do ra bien Ddng d ctra Day. Nd la gianh gidi giira huydn
Kim San va huydn NghTa Hung (Nam Djnh). Sdng Vac
bat dau tii huydn Hoa Lu, chiiy qua cac huydn Ydn Md,
Ydn Khanh, rdi tii xa Ydn Mat chay vao sdng Day, qua
cira
Dai Giang, hay cdn goi la Kim Dai do ra bien. Sdng
Can
tir
huydn Ydn Md chay vd Kim Son d
phia
Tay giap

Thanh Hoa. Sdng Day d phfa Ddng, sdng Can d phfa
Tay nhu vdng tay khdng
Id
giang rdng dm lay vung dai
bai bdi. Hang nam, cac con sdng nay dua
phti
sa lam cho
vting dai d day ludn mau md.
10
Ngoai ra cdn cd mdt so sdng nhd nhu sdng Vuc
(cdn goi la sdng Ngd Vua), sdng Chai Thanh, sdng Ddng
Nhan. Sdng Chai Thanh va sdng Ddng Nhan la do nudc
bien ldn xud'ng hang ngay dan dan tao thanh.
Co the ndi,
tir
truac nam
1829,
viing da't phia Ddng
Nam
tinh
Ninh
Binh chi
la mot bai bdi rong ldn, cay cd
moc um tum, hoang vu.
11
II - CONG CUOC KHAN HOANG THANH LAP
HUYEN
1 - TIEU
Sir NGUYEN
CONG

TRLf vA
NHtJNG
GIAI THOAI
l.I
- Tieu
sir Nguyen
Cdng Trir:
Nguydn Cdng
Trii
ngudi lang Uy Vidn, huyen Nghi
Xuan, tinh Ha
Tinh,
sinh ngay 01 thang 11 nam Mau
Tuat (1778). Nai sinh ctia dng d huydn ly Quynh Cdi,
phti Thai Binh (nay la Quynh Phu, tinh Thai
Binh).
Tdn
tuc cua dng la Tdn Chat, hidu la Ngo Trai, bidt hidu la Hy
Van. Ong xua't than trong mot gia
dinh
quan lai nang vd
nho phong. Than sinh dng la
Dure
Ngan Hau Nguydn
Cdng Tan da dd ctr nhan, rdi lam giao
thti
phti Anh Son
(Nghd An), sau thang ddn chiic tri huydn Quynh Cdi, rdi
tri phu Tidn Hung (Thai
Binh).

Tudc Due Ngan Hau do
vua Ld phong cho dng.
Than mdu
ciia
Nguydn Cdng
Tru"
ten la Nguyen
Thj Phan la con quan Quan noi thj Ciinh Nhac Ba dudi
trieu vua Ld Hien Tdng - chiia Trjnh Doanh, ngudi xa
Phung
Due,
huydn
Thugng
Phiic,
Iran
San Nam (sau la
huydn Thudng
Tin,
tinh Ha Tay, nay la Ha Ndi). Ba la vg
ke'
ctia Nguydn Cdng Tan thdi ky dng lam tri phu Quynh
Cdi (Thai Binh).
12
Nam 1800, Nguydn Cdng Ta'n mai, khi dd Nguydn
Cdng Trtr 23 tuoi.
Nguydn Cdng Trur hgc gidi, thdng minh, nhung
thi
cir
lan dan, nhieu lan bj danh hdng. Nam
181.3,

Nguydn Cdng Tru 35 tuoi mdi dd Tu tai. Mai ddn nam
1819,
tfrc la nam dng 42 tuoi, dng mdi dd Giiii nguydn
(dd dau ky thi Huang).
Sau dd dd'n nam 1820, dng mdi budc vao con dudng
"quan lg", lam Hanh Tdu d Qudc ttr giiim (la chuc quan
nhd nhat, danh cho nhiing ngudi dd Ctr nhan dugc bo
lam tap sti d cac Bd). Ttr dd dng lam mgt bay tdi trung
thanh cua nha Nguydn qua cac ddi vua Minh Mang
(1820-1840),
Tliieu Trj
(1841-1847)
dd'n ddi vua Tu
Due
(1848-1883).
Ong
diim
nhidm nhieu cdng
vide
va trai
qua nhieu chtrc vu nhu: Tri huydn Dudng Hao (nay thudc
Hung Ydn), Lang trung bg Lai, Tham hiep tran Thanh
Hoa, Tham tri bg
Hinh,
Doanh dien sti, Ta dd ngu
sir
Vidn dd sat, Tuan phu An Giang Chtrc vu cao nhat cua
dng la nam 1835, dng dugc thuc thu Thugng thu bd
Binh, giii chiic Tong dd'c Hai An. Nhu vay, trong vdng
15 nam,

tCr
chan tap su dng dugc thang ldn dd'n chiic
Tliugng thu,
hiim
chanh nhj phdm trieu
dinh.
Trai qua 28 nam lam quan, cd tdi 35 lan doi chtrc,
khi thang tdi Thucmg thu bg Binh,
liic
giang xudng lam
13
Ifnh
gia d ngi bidn thuy, 3 lan bj ke xau vu cao, giin tdi
rdi lai dugc minh oan.
Nam
1848,
71
tudi khi dang giu chiic Phu Doan
phu Thtra Thidn, dng xin cao quan, vua Tu
Due
cho dng
ve huu tri.
Nam 1852, dan huydn Tien Hai lap sinh ttr dd ky
nidm cdng
diic
cua Nguyen Cdng Trti. Khi xay
dung,
xong, hg ctr ngudi ve qud rudc dng ra chai, luu d lai, tran
thid't cac dd nghi trucmg rat long trgng, xem dng nhu mgt
vj than sd'ng. Do dd, cd vidn quan thj vd tha'y vay, bja dat

tau ldn vua Tu Dtic rdng: dng cd y mud'n cam dau dan hai
huydn Tidn Hai, Kim Scm lam phiin. Vua Tu
Diic
ddi dng
vao Kinh tra hdi. Ong trinh bay ro su
tinh,
roi lai dugc
cac quan trong trieu va cac tinh Bdc ky deu dang sd kdu
oan cho dng. Vua Tu Dtic mdi cap tien 16
phi
cho dng trd
ve qud.
Nam
1858,
khi 6ng 80 tuoi, thiic dan Phap no sting
xam lugc nudc ta d Da Ndng, ong vid't
don
xin vao Nam
danh giac ngoai xam, vi tuoi da cao, stic yd'u, vua
Tii Diic
kh6ng ddng y. Ngay 14 thang 11 nam Mau Ngg
(1858)
dng qua ddi.
Ong cd mdt vg chinh hg Dang va
12
ngudi vg
thiep,
12 con trai va 14 con gai. Mudi hai ngudi thiep nay
14
khdng phai cting chung sdng mdt lan, cd ngudi dng lay

ltic ldn lam quan d xa de hdu ha, cd ngudi thi phai d lai
qud nha ltic dng phiii di danh giac, cd ngudi vg thiep
vi
tinh
the gia ciinh, dng cho di lay chong khac. Ong cd bai
tha
"Bd
va le cdm tdc".
Nguydn Cdng
Trii
la mgt trong 2 thi sT noi tieng
nhat ntra dau
the
ky XIX (Nguydn C6ng Trti va Cao Ba
Quat (1805-1855)).
Ong con de lai trdn 50 bai tha, trdn 60 bai ca
titi
va
mgt bai
phii
noi tid'ng "Hdn nho phong vi
phii"
deu vid't
bdng chti N6m. Ngoai ra 6ng cdn vid't mgt bai tho chtr
Han, mgt so cau d6i Nom.
Nguydn C6ng
Ti'tr
la ngudi van vo song toan. Ong
da tid'p thu dugc nhting yd'u to tfch
cue

cua nha Nho chan
chinh: ydu nude, thuong dan. Cho ndn khi lam quan,
dng noi tid'ng thanh lidm.
Dac bidt c6ng lao ldn nhai cua dng la khai khan
ruting da't, chidu mg dan luu vong, vdi cuong vj
Doiinh
dien
sii'
- ngu'di tong chi huy toan bg c6ng
vide
khan
hoiing
ttr dau dd'n kd't thiic, da lap ra dugc hai huydn: Tien
Hai
(Tliiii
Binh) va Kim Son (Ninh
Binh).
Co the noi day
hi mgt sU nghidp hidn hach cua Nguydn C6ng
Trii
ma
ngay nay chiing ta phiii kham phuc.
15
Khong chl cd cdng lao ldn dd, Nguydn Cdng
Trii
cdn
la
mdt nha tha ndi tid'ng d ntra ddu the ky XIX.
Ong de Iai cho ddi trdn 100 bai tho. So vdi nhung
ngudi duang thdi, dd

la
mdt so lucmg kha
Icin.
Tho cua Nguydn Cdng
Trii
lam loan tha Ndm,
chi
cd mdt bai chir Han (bai 'Tu
thg') Trong
tho, dng dung
tid'ng ndi cua
ijhan
dan,
sir
dung nhieu tuc ngti, ca dao,
tid'ng ndi dia phuang, khi can, ca
nhiJng
tid'ng tuc de
didn dat giiin dj di sau vao long ngudi.
"Bdi ca ngdt ngudng" la mgt bai tho hay cua 6ng:
"Vw
tru mpi mac phi phdn
svt
Ong Hy Vdn
tdi
hg dd vdo long.
Khi thit khoa, khi tham tdn, khi tong ddc Dong,
Gom thao luac dd nen tay ngdt
nguang.
Luc hinh Tdy cd

dqi
tuang,
Co khi ve
phii
dodn
Thda
Thien.
''Do
mon gidi to chi
nien"
Dac ngua hd vdng deo ngdt nguang.
Kia nui ng
phau
phan mdy trdng,
Tay kidm cung md nen dang
td"
hi.'
16
Got tien theo dimg
dinh
mgt doi di.
But ciing
nifc cifi/i
ong ngiit
ngifdng.
Duac mdt duang duang nguiri tdi thuang,
Khen che phai phai nggn dong phong.
Khi ca. khi
tifu.
khi cdc. khi titng,

Khong Phat. khong Tien, khong vitang tuc.
Chang Trdi, Nhgc, cung vdo
plufong
Han, Plui,
Nghia
vua toi cho ven dao sa chung.
Trong trieu ai ngdt ngu'dng
nhif
ong"
Nguydn Cong
Trii
con co ddng gdp ldn, bid'n the
ca tru thanh mdt the tho thuan Viet, nhu la luc biit. The ca
trti
cd ttr lau, dd la mot the hat a dao. Nguydn C6ng Trti'
da lam ca tru nhieu nha't va hay nhai. Ong da md rgng de
tai
ctia
ca
trti,
ngi dung ca
trti
ctia 6ng kh6ng
phti
phiem,
kh6ng chi ndi chuydn trang hoa "hong hong tuydt tuydt",
niii
cdn ndi chuydn ddi, chuydn ljch
sir,
chuydn nhan

tinh the thai nhu biii "Vinh Thuy Kieu":
"Dd hiet md hdng thi phdn hqc,
Trdch Kieu nhi chifa ven tdm ldng
vdhi^:']
Chii'c quat thoa ddnh
pint
nghTa
Klmjlang,
^'
Nimg vi
hii'ii,
nhe vi tinh
thi
cilng phdi
•w
•v—
.J
17
Td Md Gidm Sinh cho den chdng Td
Hai.
Cdnh hoa tdn dem hdn lal chdn thanh ldu.
Bdy gid Kieu con hieu vdo ddu?
Md budm chdn ong chudng cho den the!
Bac menh chang ldm ngudi tiet nghia,
Doan trudng cho ddng kiep td ddm!
Bdn minh trong hdy nhieu ndm,
Dd dem chd hieu md ldm dutyc ai.
Nghi
ddi md ngdn cho ddi!"
Khdng nhu'ng the, ngi dung chinh trong tha ciia

Nguydn C6ng Trti con la ky thac tam
sir.
Tha dng gan
lien vdi cugc ddi 6ng, bat
cii
noi vui budn nao ctia ong
ciing dugc phan anh vao tha, kh6ng gia'u gidm, to ve.
Ong ydu ghet r6 rang:
Tir
thuat
Chua chdn ru md qudy mdi day,
Na ndn dan diu mdy ldu nay.
Mang danh tdi sac cho nen na,
Quen thoi phong luu hod phdi vay.
Qudn tif luc cung them then mat,
Anh hung khi gdp cdng
khcjanh
tay.
18
Con trdi con ddt con non nude,
Co le ta ddu mdi
thd
ndy?
Mgt diem noi bat ntra trong tha cua Nguydn C6ng
Tni la the hien tfnh phong tiing trong tho,
vi
ong vdn la
ngudi tfnh
tinh
phdng tiing.

Trach tinh nhan
Diing ntii ndy trong ntii ng cao
Nhdn tinh a hd hiet ldm sao?
Nghi
minh chua phdi
tinh
Kim Trgng,
Md do dd mang
ncf
Thuy Kieu.
Non nudc nudc non ngao ngdn noi,
Cd hoa hoa cd ngdn nga chieu.
Vudn hoa kia deal rong rd
Ong
hucfm
xong pha ddng cung nhieu!
Tdm
liii,
tho cting nhu cudc ddi, dng ltic nao cung
giir
nhan ciich
ciio
thuctng,
dat nghTa
vii
va nhan phdm ldn
trdn tien bac. hu diinh. Ong luon sdng thanh cao nhu cay
th6ng trdn vach da cheo leo, cang ret cang tuai xanh:
Ngoi
hudn md trdch ong xanh,

: Khi vui mudn khdc hudn tenh lgi cudi.
Kiep sau .\in chd ldm ngudi,
19
Ldm cdy thong difng giila trdi md reo,
Giua trdi vdch dd cheo leo.
Ai md chill ret thi treo vdl thong.
"Nguyin Cong Trd
Id mgt
nhd tri thifc, co tdi
kinh ludn thao luac, nhd tri thifc dy lai
Id
nwt nhd Nho
mudn ldm
nhffng
viec vi ddn vi nudc" (GS Truong Chinh).
''Nguyen
Cong Tn'f
Id
mot ngifdi cuang nghi vd
gidn
di, co tdi ndng tren nhieu
ITnh
vuc, vdn vd song
todn,
kinh bang
tethe.
Rieng tren
ITnh vUc
kinh te, ong
Id

mot trong nhung nhd kinh te hiem hoi trong lich
sif
Viet
Nam,
CO
tdm mdt nhin
.xa
trong rgng, co ddu oc quan
sdt,
tinh
todn
nhgy
hen, co ndng
life
td chifc tuyet
vdi".
(GS Phan Huy Le).
Kh6ng nhung the, ong con la mot nha quan
sir,
mgt nha thd noi tieng nhat d
niia
dau
the
ky XIX.
Cong lao ldn nha't cua ong la chi sau mgt nam, vdi
cuong vj Doanh didn
sii,
da lam ndn mgt
sir
nghidp hien

hach la khai khiin diii hoang vting ven bien Nam Djnh va
Ninh
Binh,
thanh lap dugc hai huyen: Tien
Hiii
niim
1828,
va Kim Son nam
1829.
20
L2
- Nhung giai thoai ve Nguyen Cdng
Trii '":
* Ngdng ngay
tii liic
chao
dtri
cho den khi chet!
Ngay 1 thang 11 nam Mau Tuai (1778),
tiii
tu gia
ctia vidn quan Tri huydn Quynh C6i, Tliiii
Binh,
bii huyen
hg
Nguyen,
sau cugc vugt can kinh hoiing da sinh
hii
dugc mcit cau con trai than dai, tran rgng, mtii
ciio.

Cac cu xua ndi "Trai mong mot, gdi ngdy
rani'
qua khdng sai -
vti'a
mdi
Igt
ra khdi ldng me, cau be dii td
ngay
sir
ng6ng budng
ctia
minh bdng ciich khdng chju
md mat nhdm vii khdng them md mieng khdc nhu
nhuiig
diia
tre so sinh khac. Ngudi nha va hang xdm dua hdt ndi
ddng, mam thau dd'n khua go lidn hdi, cau cung diem
nhidn mac!
Chi
dd'n khi cii diim ngudi ldn da
nidi
ra rdi,
xudi tay Uic diiu
ihl
cau md'i ddng
diic
ciit ticng khdc dilu
tidn
oiing
oang nhu tidng chuong ddng!

Ngu'di cha
ctia dira
tre mtrng kh6n
xidi,
vi
6ng von
hidm mugn, nam dd da ngdt nghet luc tuan mcii cd
du'c_rc
cau con trai ndi ddi. La mgt nha Nho
hiiy
chfr. nghT day
(1
j - Phdu
iidy .'iifii tdui
d ha cudn sdch: "Giai thoai vdu hoc Viet
Nam"
cua Hodng
Ngpc
Phdch vd Kieu Thu Hoach - NXB
\'dii
hoc -
Hd Ngi - 1965.
'Tho-
vdu
Ni;uyen
Cdui;
Tni'
ciia
Trifoii^
Chinh - NXB

\'dn hgc -
/9<S'.i
v(/
"Niiiiyeii Cdiiii
Tru
iheo
doiii^
lich
si'i''
ciia
Ddo
Tif
Huyen
(Chii
hieu) - NXB
Nt^lie
Au, Trung tam Vdn hod
iigoii iigi't
Doug Tay -
200H.
21
cung la mgi diem tridu bao dieu hi, ong ben ra thu phdng
lay giay
biit
dat tdn cho con trai. Ong chgn cho cau quy
ttr budng binh tdn huy
la
"Cting"
- theo chii Nho cd nghTa
la bdn chat, viing vang; cdn ten chir

la
"TriH'
- nghTa la ro
rang, noi trdi.
Nhung dd
chi
mdi la cai ngdng khdi dau. Tdi tan
khi ddn cai chdi Nguydn Cdng Trti vdn ngdng.
Theo ldi truyen, trudc khi sang
the
gidi bdn kia -
chac la ciing se tid'p tuc cai cudc ddi choi bat tuydt - Cu
dan con chau khdng ndn bay cudc tang
Id
dd' khdi ton
kem, lam kho dan lang, ma cti
dd Cti
nam nguydn trdn
chong nhu khi dang ngu, thii xudng huyet la xong!
Nhung khdng bidi cac con chau cd dam nghe theo ldi
Cii
hay khdng? Dting la dd'n ca chd't ciing ngdng!
* Ngoai vucm - Trong buong!
Thud nhd, cau be Cung hgc rat gidi, thdng minh
dinh
ngg han thidn ha, lai tinh nghjch,
lem
linh chdng ai
bi,
noi tid'ng "than ddng". Tai cao

tri
sdc, dgc rgng nhd
nhieu, nhirng cau d6i dap Idi lac ciia cau be Cting gay
cho mgi ngudi n6i kinh ngac va thti vj.
Khoang 10 tuoi, Cung theo cha trd ve Ha Tinh,
sdng tai lang Uy Vidn, Nghi Xudn qud ngi. Trong lang
22
cd dng D6 Trung la mdt ngudi cd mau mat; dng dting ra
mdi thay dd ve nudi trong nha dd tre con
ctia
lang tdi
hgc.
Va trong dam hgc trd dd cd cau be Cung.
Mdt hdm, khi ca lcip dang ngdi hgc, dng chu nha
chc3ft
noi hting di vao va xin thay cho phep dng ra cho cac
hgc tro mgt ve doi. Dugc thay ddng y, dng Do Trung ndi:
- "Ta
CO
cdu ddi ndy, tro ndo doi hay vd ddi nhanh
trudc se duac thudng mot quan tien!"
Rdi 6ng ta
chi
ve phfa cay dai diing ngoai vudn,
dgc ve doi: "Ngodi vudn cdy dai nd hoa dqi"
Cac hgc tro ngdi
nhin
nhau, mac du rat them quan
tidn, nhung kh6ng ai
tim

dugc ve ddi lai de lay.
Thay cii lcip im lang, thay hgc ldn tid'ng giuc, thi chi
cd cau be Cung ra ve ngap ngtrng khd ndi. Thay hdi:
"Trd Cling sao khdng ddi di?". Cting khep nep thua:
"Thua, con sa hi qud phat
a".
Ong
chii
nha ndi: "Trd cu
ddi! Neu hay thi ta se thu'dng cho, cdn neu cd dieu gi sa
sudt thi ta vd thdy cfing khdng hdt ldi trd ddu".
Dugc ldi, Cung nghidm chinh diing day dgc:
"Thua, con
.xin
ddi la "Trong hudng dng Trung dp hd
Trung
a!".
- Hay qud! Chudn qud! "Trong" ddi vdi "ngodi",
"dgi" ddi vdi "trung", vd "no" thi tdt nhien phdi ddi vdi
ap
roi!
23
Thay
vii
trd cii ldp
duc7c
mdt
Iran
cudi nghidng
ngii,

cdn dng chu nhii Dd Trung thi dd mat im Umg va liii
nhidn, phiii
liiio
cho Cling mdt quan tien!
*
Tudng man ba
trir

Nhan dugc quan tien thudng. tan buoi hgc trdn
dudng ve Cung gap mgt diim tre con dang tu nhau danh
diio
an ticn. Nhu nhirng
diia
tre ham choi khiic, Ciing
lien nhap bon; va cting nhu'
nhuiig diia
tre mai chai khiic,
cau say sua danh cho tdi khi bj thua hdi sach cii quan tien
nidi
thdi. Nhung cai khac
ciia
Cting la d chd, mgi
diia tie
khi thua
biic
se tide
diit
rudt, ham hue bd vd, tham chf ca
khdc nua, cdn Cting thi
vtia

di ve nha vtra dgc:
"Tudng mdn ba
tnf
md chai
vijy,
Bdng chdc nen quan dg
sifdng
chifa"'"
til
-
Niiiiyeii
Cdiuj,
Tru dgc
iheo
gigng Nghe. cdu
iidy
dich ra
lieiii^
phd
thdiuj,
Id:
'Tii'o'iii^
ldm ha
(In?
md
cluri
vd\.
Bdiiii
chdc
lieu ipiaii

dd
sifdusi
chua"^"
Troug tieng Nghe
"ilii?"
dgc Id
"lnf\
"tru"
vifa
co
iii^hui
Id
"i
hu
iii;luu",
vUii id iu.ihTa Id "doiifj
lien" (tnf
lieu):
"Quan"
vUa
id
iiilliJa
Id
"ijiuiii
lien" (mol quan Id 100
ddii^itru)
vda co
iiglua
"quan
clii'fc".

Cdu
ciui
(du Cling cd the
liieii
theo hai iiglua: 1 -
Tudiii^
ddiili
choi ddm ha ddui>, udo
iii;d uidl
den
id
quan; 2 - Hgc ha
i
hu (hai
(hoi md
ciliig diUh
ldm quan,
sifdug
cliUa^.
24
Tliat
ra, ddy cd the chi Ui mdt ciiu ndi bucit mieng.
ltic dd cau trd Cting chac khdng cd y lam tho; nhung nd
da bdc
Id
tfnh
each
ngang tang, phdng tting, "tay chai"
cua Nguydn Cdng
Trii,

ma ngudi ddi se ggi hi thcr van
khau khf; va cau ndi dd dugc
truyen
tung khiip lang. rdi
di viio
siich
vd, lan ra khiip thidn ha thiinh giai
thoiii.
thanh tha.
*
S^n
ganh can khon ghe
th^ng
vai
Vao mot ngay he ndng nuc thay hgc diin cii diim
hgc trd di ra con s6ng each trudng do hon mgt cay
sci
dd
tdm
niiit,
hdng Uim dju bcit cai ndng ghd ngu'di
ctia
xtr
Nghd. Khi di qua ciii cdng ldn
diiu
lang dugc xay ghep
bdng nhu'ng tiing da xanh, thiiy tuc ciinh
ngliT
ra
nic)t

ve
ddi Ndm, biio ciic trd cting ddi:
"Dd xanh ghep cdng, hdn
difdi
ndng hdn tren"
Trong khi ciic trd khiic dang vat dc suy nghT
thi
cau
Ciing da cd ngay ve dd'i:
"Ngdi dd
Ic/ji
nghi'.
li/jy
sau de
Idjo
trudc"
Cau dd'i ve chtr nghTa that la chuiin,
liii
choi chu
tiii
tinh: "cdng" vua
lii
cai ccing (bung da), vtra la ngu'di dd
25