ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADIO
TECHNOLOGIES FOR
COMMUNICATIONS,
LOCALIZATION AND
SENSOR APPLICATIONS

Edited by Reiner Thomä, Reinhard H. Knöchel,
Jürgen Sachs, Ingolf Willms and Thomas Zwick


Ultra-Wideband Radio Technologies for Communications,
Localization and Sensor Applications

Edited by Reiner Thomä, Reinhard H. Knöchel, Jürgen Sachs, Ingolf Willms and Thomas
Zwick

Contributors
Rainer Moorfeld, Adolf Finger, Hanns-Ulrich Dehner, Holger Jäkel, Martin Braun, Friedrich K. Jondral, María
Dolores Pérez Guirao, Josef A. Nossek, Peter Russer, Tobias Noll, Amine Mezghani, Michel T. Ivrlač, Matthias
Korb, Farooq Mukhtar, Hristomir Yordanov, Johannes A. Russer , Nuan Song, Mike Wolf, Martin Haardt,
Andreas Schenk, Robert F.H. Fischer, Mohamed El-Hadidy, Mohammed El-Absi, Yoke Leen Sit, Markus
Kock, Thomas Zwick, Holger Blume, Thomas Kaiser, Markus Grimm, Dirk Manteuffel, Gholamreza Alirezaei,
Rudolf Mathar, Daniel Bielefeld, Rudolf Zetik, Honghui Yan, Elke Malz, Snezhana Jovanoska, Guowei Shen,
Reiner S. Thomä, Rahmi Salman, Thorsten Schultze, Robert Tobera, Hans-Ingolf Willms, Lars Reichardt,
Malgorzata Janson, Thomas Zwick, Werner Wiesbeck, Tobias Deißler, Jörn Thielecke, Steffen Heuel,
Hermann Rohling, Ingrid Hilger, Katja Dahlke, Gabriella Rimkus, Christiane Geyer, Frank Seifert, Olaf Kosch,
Florian Thiel, Matthias Hein, Francesco Scotto di Clemente, Ulrich Schwarz, Marko Helbig, Jürgen Sachs,
Henning Mextorf, Frank Daschner, Mike Kent, Reinhard Knöchel, Alexander Esswein, Robert Weigel,
Christian Carlowitz, Martin Vossiek, Stefan Heinen, Ralf Wunderlich, Markus Robens, Martin Kmec, Robert
Weigel, Thomas Ußmüller, Benjamin Sewiolo, Mohamed Hamouda, Rolf Kraemer, Johann-Christoph
Scheytt, Yevgen Borokhovych, Dayang Lin, Michael Mirbach, Thanawat Thiasiriphet, Jürgen Lindner,

Wolfgang Menzel, Hermann Schumacher, Mario Leib, Bernd Schleicher

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First published February, 2013
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Additional hard copies can be obtained from

Ultra-Wideband Radio Technologies for Communications, Localization and Sensor
Applications, Edited by Reiner Thomä, Reinhard H. Knöchel, Jürgen Sachs, Ingolf Willms
and Thomas Zwick
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-0936-5








Contents

Editors IX
Preface XIX
Chapter 1 MIRA – Physical Layer Optimisation for the Multiband
Impulse Radio UWB Architecture 1
Rainer Moorfeld, Adolf Finger, Hanns-Ulrich Dehner,
Holger Jäkel, Martin Braun and Friedrich K. Jondral
Chapter 2 Pulse Rate Control for Low Power and Low Data Rate Ultra
Wideband Networks 51
María Dolores Pérez Guirao
Chapter 3 Chip-to-Chip and On-Chip Communications 75
Josef A. Nossek, Peter Russer, Tobias Noll, Amine Mezghani,
Michel T. Ivrlač, Matthias Korb, Farooq Mukhtar,
Hristomir Yordanov, Johannes A. Russer

Chapter 4 Non-Coherent UWB Communications 109
Nuan Song, Mike Wolf and Martin Haardt
Chapter 5 Coding, Modulation, and Detection for Power-Efficient
Low-Complexity Receivers in Impulse-Radio
Ultra-Wideband Transmission Systems 123
Andreas Schenk and Robert F.H. Fischer
Chapter 6 Interference Alignment for UWB-MIMO
Communication Systems 133
Mohamed El-Hadidy, Mohammed El-Absi, Yoke Leen Sit,
Markus Kock, Thomas Zwick, Holger Blume and Thomas Kaiser
Chapter 7 Antennas and Propagation for On-, Off- In-Body
Communications 153
Markus Grimm and Dirk Manteuffel
VI Contents

Chapter 8 Power Allocation Procedure for Wireless Sensor Networks
with Integrated Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Communications
and Radar Capabilities 165
Gholamreza Alirezaei, Rudolf Mathar and Daniel Bielefeld
Chapter 9 Cooperative Localization and Object Recognition
in Autonomous UWB Sensor Networks 179
Rudolf Zetik, Honghui Yan, Elke Malz, Snezhana Jovanoska,
Guowei Shen, Reiner S. Thomä, Rahmi Salman, Thorsten Schultze,
Robert Tobera, Hans-Ingolf Willms, Lars Reichardt,
Malgorzata Janson, Thomas Zwick, Werner Wiesbeck,
Tobias Deißler and Jörn Thielecke
Chapter 10 Pedestrian Recognition Based on 24 GHz Radar Sensors 241
Steffen Heuel and Hermann Rohling
Chapter 11 ultraMEDIS – Ultra-Wideband Sensing in Medicine 257
Ingrid Hilger, Katja Dahlke, Gabriella Rimkus, Christiane Geyer,

Frank Seifert, Olaf Kosch, Florian Thiel, Matthias Hein,
Francesco Scotto di Clemente, Ulrich Schwarz,
Marko Helbig and Jürgen Sachs
Chapter 12 ISOPerm: Non-Contacting Measurement of Dielectric
Properties of Irregular Shaped Objects 323
Henning Mextorf, Frank Daschner,
Mike Kent and Reinhard Knöchel
Chapter 13 Concepts and Components for Pulsed Angle Modulated Ultra
Wideband Communication and Radar Systems 343
Alexander Esswein, Robert Weigel,
Christian Carlowitz and Martin Vossiek
Chapter 14 HaLoS – Integrated RF-Hardware Components
for Ultra-Wideband Localization and Sensing 369
Stefan Heinen, Ralf Wunderlich, Markus Robens,
Jürgen Sachs, Martin Kmec, Robert Weigel, Thomas Ußmüller,
Benjamin Sewiolo, Mohamed Hamouda, Rolf Kraemer,
Johann-Christoph Scheytt and Yevgen Borokhovych
Chapter 15 UWB in Medicine – High Performance
UWB Systems for Biomedical Diagnostics
and Short Range Communications 439
Dayang Lin, Michael Mirbach, Thanawat Thiasiriphet,
Jürgen Lindner, Wolfgang Menzel, Hermann Schumacher,
Mario Leib and Bernd Schleicher






Reiner Thomä received the Dipl Ing. (M.S.E.E.), Dr Ing. (Ph.D.E.E.), and the Dr Ing.

habil. degrees in electrical engineering and information technology from Technische
Hochschule Ilmenau, Germany, in 1975, 1983, and 1989, respectively.
From 1975 to 1988, he was a Research Associate in the fields of electronic circuits,
measurement engineering, and digital signal processing at the same university. From
1988 to 1990, he was a Research Engineer at the Akademie der Wissenschaften der
DDR (Zentrum für Wissenschaftlichen Gerätebau). During this period he was working
in the field of radio surveillance. In 1991, he spent a three-month sabbatical leave at the
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (Lehrstuhl für Nachrichtentechnik). Since 1992, he
has been a Professor of electrical engineering (electronic measurement) at TU Ilmenau
where he was the Director of the Institute of Communications and Measurement
Engineering from 1999 until 2005. With his group, he has contributed to many
European and German research projects and clusters such as WINNER, PULSERS,
EUWB, NEWCOM, COST 273, 2100, IC 1004, EASY-A, EASY-C. Currently he is the
speaker of the German nation-wide DFG priority funding project UKoLOS, Ultra-
Wideband Radio Technologies for Communications, Localization and Sensor
Applications (SPP 1202).
His research interests include measurement and digital signal processing methods
(correlation and spectral analysis, system identification, sensor arrays, compressive
sensing, time-frequency and cyclostationary signal analysis), their application in
mobile radio and radar systems (multidimensional channel sounding, propagation
measurement and parameter estimation, MIMO-, mm-wave-, and ultra-wideband
radar), measurement-based performance evaluation of MIMO transmission systems
including over-the-air testing in virtual electromagnetic environments, and UWB
sensor systems for object detection, tracking and imaging.
Since 1999 he has been serving as chair of the IEEE-IM TC-13 on Measurement in
Wireless and Telecommunications. In 2007 he was awarded IEEE Fellow Member and
received the Thuringian State Research Award for Applied Research both for
contributions to high-resolution multidimensional channel sounding.





Reinhard H. Knöchel received the Dipl Ing. in Electrical Engineering in 1975, and the
Dr Ing. in 1980 from the Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany. From 1980
to 1986 he was a principal scientist at the Philips Research Laboratory, Hamburg,
Germany. In 1986 he joined the Technical University Hamburg-Harburg, where he
was a Full Professor in Microwave Electronics until November 1993. Since December
1993 he holds the Chair in Microwave Engineering with the University of Kiel, Kiel,
Germany. From July 2010-July 2012 he was Dean of the Department. His research
interests include active and passive microwave components, ultra-wideband
technology, microwave and field measurement techniques, industrial microwave
sensors, radar and magnetic field sensors. Dr. Knöchel is a Fellow of the IEEE “for
contributions to microwave systems and sensors for industrial process control”.