WNMP WCDMA

WCDMA Basic Theory



WIRELESS NETWORK MASTER PLANNING


By: Manuel M. Aquino Jr.
Future Access Technologies
Access Network Planning Department
WNMP WCDMA
The Goal of this Course
After this course, you should be able to
• Understand the technology behind
WCDMA and its advantages
• Understand the roots and roadmap
of WCDMA
• Be familiar with the basic
architecture of a WCDMA network
WNMP WCDMA

WCDMA Overview
Advantages of WCDMA
WCDMA Basic Principle
WCDMA Architecture
Content
Training GLOBE TELECOM
WNMP WCDMA
1

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WCDMA

HSDPA
9.6 Kbps
64 Kbps/144 Kbps
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Not yet deployed


Evolution of Mobile Communications
AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
TACS: Total Access Communication System
GPRS: General Packet Radio Services
WNMP WCDMA
Evolution of Mobile Communications
1G – 1
st
Generation: Analog Cellular
1) Feature:
• frequency division multiple access (FDMA)
• analog signal
• narrow band
2)Main mode: AMPS TACS NMT
3)Limitations:
• hard to develop digital bearer services
• cannot adopt to digitization of fixed networks
• low frequency efficiency
• cannot meet larger capacity requirements
• easy to be eavesdropped



WNMP WCDMA
Evolution of Mobile Communications
2G – 2
nd

Generation: Digital Cellular
1) Feature:
• time division multiple access (TDMA)
narrow code division multiple access (N-CDMA)
• digital signal, narrow band
• strong anti-interference capability
• security is guaranteed with authentication and encryption
• can support ISDN
2) Main mode: GSM D-AMPS N-CDMA
3)Limitations:
• Narrow bandwidth unable to provide various broadband
information services such as high speed data services.


WNMP WCDMA
Evolution of Mobile Communications
3G – 3
rd
Generation: Digital Cellular – IMT 2000
1) Feature:
• code division multiple access (CDMA)
• digital signal
• broadband
• integrated service system integrating all current mobile
telephone system functions providing multiple services
• large capacity
2) meaning of ‘2000’:
• frequency spectrum around 2000MHz
• data rate up to 2000kbps
• putting into business about 2000

3) Main mode: WCDMA CDMA2000 TD-SCDMA
WNMP WCDMA
Evolution of Mobile Communications
4G – 4
th
Generation: Hybrid IP Based Mobile Network
1) Feature:
• 3G Mobile Voice and Data Service, Broadband
Access, Video Call
• > 10 Mbps Data Rate
• In principle will allow high-quality smooth video
transmission

WNMP WCDMA
Birth of IMT2000
FPLMTS
1985
1996
IMT 2000
Future Public Land Mobile
Telecommunications System
International Mobile
Telecommunications 2000
WCDMA
TD-SCDMA
CDMA2000
UMTS
3GPP 3GPP2
DECT
WCDMA-UMTS

CDMA 2000
WCDMA-FOMA
TDMA
TD-SCDMA
WNMP WCDMA
The Goal of IMT 2000
• Higher transmit rate 2Mbps
• Rich and colorful service
• Good voice quality
• Larger capacity
• Lower cost
• Good security performance
• High frequency efficiency
• Increased Mobility
• Easy to transition from 2G
WNMP WCDMA
Standard Framework of IMT 2000
UIM MT RAN CN CN
UIM-MT
Interface
MT-RAN
Interface
RAN-CN
Interface
NNI
Core Networks of other
IMT-2000 family members
WNMP WCDMA
Family concept
3G

standards

CN based on MAP
TD-SCDMA
CN based on MAP

CDMA2000
CN based on ANSI-41
CDMA is the main technology of 3G
WCDMA
WNMP WCDMA
WCDMA
IS-41 CN
GSM
GSM CN
NNI
CN(Core Network) 2G/3G Radio Network
WCDMA
IS-95
CDMA2000
Family concept
WNMP WCDMA
3G Standard Organization
WNMP WCDMA
WNMP WCDMA
2Mbps
64kbps

WCDMA
GSM

EDGE
2G 2.5G
3G
9.6kbps
WCDMA Technology Evolution
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access uses direct
sequence spread-spectrum technology to transmit a number of
independent conversations across 5MHz segments of the
radio spectrum.
GPRS
144kbps
2.75G
WNMP WCDMA
UMTS Protocol Version Evolution

R4
R5
R99
• Inherit all the service
and function of
2G(GSM and GPRS）
• CN is composed of
CS domain and PS
domain
• WCDMA UTRAN
access
• Iu interface between
RAN and CN
• Inherit all the service and
function of R99

• CS domain change:
control is separated from
bearer，the function of
MSC can be complete by
split SERVER,MGW
• Voice supported by CS
domain, supporting:
TDM,ATM,IP
• Inherit all the service and
function of R4
• Add IMS domain
• Enhanced IP QoS,
supporting End to End IP
multimedia service
2000 2001 2002
Specification complete time
WNMP WCDMA
MSC TMSC
GGSN

UMTS R99 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
Node B
Node B
RNC
3G Rel. 99
BTS
BTS
BSC
2G
PSTN/

PLMN
SS7oIP
SMSC

HLR

SGSN
MGW
WNMP WCDMA
PSTN/
PLMN
GMSC Server MSC Server
MGW
MGW
HLR
MSC TMSC
Node B
Node B
RNC
BTS
BTS
BSC
SGSN
GGSN

3G Rel. 4
2G
SS7oIP
IP Backbone
SMSC

UMTS R4 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
WNMP WCDMA
PSTN/
PLMN
GMSC Server MSC Server
MGW
MGW
MSC TMSC
BTS
BTS
BSC
SGSN
Node B
Node B
RNC
3G Rel. 5
2G
GGSN

SS7oIP
SMSC
IP Backbone
IMS
HLR
UMTS R5 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
HSS/
HLR
WNMP WCDMA
UMTS
Downlink

Uplink
5 MHz channel
FDD mode
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Uplink and Downlink
5 MHz channel
.
.
.
.
.
.
TDD mode
Working frequency: 2GHz
Bandwidth: 5MHz
Chip rate: 3.84Mcps
Frame length: 10 ms
WNMP WCDMA
3G Spectrum
WNMP WCDMA

WCDMA Overview
Advantages of WCDMA
WCDMA Basic Principle
WCDMA Architecture
Content
Training GLOBE TELECOM
WNMP WCDMA
Frequency

reuse factor is 1;
network design
and expanding
become much
easier

AMPS, D-AMPS, N-AMPS
CDMA
30 kHz
200 kHz
5 MHz
1
8 Users
100 Users
@12.2kbps/user
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2
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1
7
Typical Frequency Reuse N=7
Typical Frequency Reuse N=4
Typical Frequency Reuse N=1
GSM
Advantages of WCDMA(1)
WNMP WCDMA

Large capacity

Power
Power
Power
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
FDMA Different user use different
frequency
TACS、AMPS
TDMA Different user use different
time slot of one frequency

GSM、DAMPS
WCDMA Different user use same
frequency at the same time,but with
different spreading code
Advantages of WCDMA(2)