Ly thuyet va Bai tap Gerund Infinitive
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GERUND AND TO-INFINITIVE
A/ LÝ THUYẾT
I) GERUND: là những động từ thêm –ing.
* Những động từ theo sau bởi GERUND:
admit (thừa nhận)
lĩnh
suggest (đề nghị)
avoid (tránh)
(hồi tưởng lại)
give up (bỏ)
appreciate (đánh giá cao)
(hối tiếc ,ân hận)
hate (ghét)
regret
consider (cho là ,xem là)
( ghịu được, chống lại)
imagine = fancy (tưởng tượng)
resist
deny (phủ nhận)
begin
mention (đề cập ,nói đến)
delay (trì hỗn)
(ủng hộ)
mind (phản đối,phiền)
detest = dislike : ko thích
understand
mean (invole)
discuss (talk about)
miss (nhớ /bỏ lỡ)
dread (sợ)
prefer (thích hơn)
enjoy (thưởng thức)
prevent (ngăn)
escape (trốn thốt)
postpone = put off (trì hỗn)
finish (hồn thành)
quit (từ bỏ)
forgive
recall (gợi lại,nhớ lại)
like / love / hate / enjoy / dislike + V-ing : sở thích
* Những thành ngữ với “go +V-ing”:
risk : liều
recollect
start /
support
spend
Go camping (đi cắm trại)
swimming
go shopping (đi mua sắm)
go
Go dancing (đi khiêu vũ)
sightseeing
go fishing (đi câu cá)
go
* Preposition + gerund (giới từ +gerund):
be interested in (thích thú)
(xin lỗi về)
think about (nghĩ về)
insist on (khăng khăng về)
instead of (thay vì)
talk about (nói về)
apologize for
look forward to (mong đợi)
II) TO-INFINITIVE
* Những động từ theo sau bởi TO-INFINITIVE:
decide to (quyết định)
pretend to (giả vờ)
would like to
hope to (hi vọng)
expect to (mong chờ)
be able to
want to
sàng)
mean to (muốn)
be willing to ( sẵn
need to
try to (cố gắng)
be going to
ask to
fail to (rớt)
manage to ( xoay sở)
demand to (yêu cầu)…
deserve to (xứng đáng)
volunteer to
agree to (đồng ý)
struggle to ( đấu tranh)
appear to
consent to (đồng ý)
offer to (cung cấp/ cống hiến)
warn to
refuse to (từ chối)
plan to (dự định)
intend to
beg to (cầu xin)
care to (quan tâm)
swear to (thề)
claim to (đòi hỏi, thỉnh cầu)
threaten to (đe dọa)
promise to (hứa)
hestiate to (do dự)
afford to (đủ khả năng)
learn to ( học)
begin / start
continue
seem to
- like / love / prefer : dùng để diễn tả việc thích hoặc muốn làm 1 việc gì đó vào 1 thời
điểm cụ thể nào đó.
* Verb +O +To-infinitive:
want s.o to
encourage s.o to
need s.o to
remind s.o to
ask s.o to (hỏi , nhờ)
invite s.o to
Would like s.o to
permit s.o to
advise s.o to (khuyên)
allow s.o to
tell s.o to (bảo)
warn s.b to (cảnh báo)
request s.o to (yêu cầu);
order s.o to (ra lệnh)
require s.o to (đòi hỏi)
force s.o to
order s.o to (ra lệnh).
Ex: She advises me to leave here early.
B/ EXERCISES
1/ Complete the sentences using a verb from the box. Put the verbs into
the gerunds.
go
cry
live
read
work
take
smoke
get up
a. He loves ……working………… in the garden.
b. I really enjoy ……………….. in the bed on Sunday mornings.
c. Are you going to give up ………………….?
d. Joe started ……………….. to school by bike last week.
e. Sylvia suggested ………………..the train to Scotland as it’s faster than the car.
f. I hate ………………… early in the morning.
g. The baby stopped ……………… when her mother came home.
h. She’s enjoying university but she misses ……………… with her old friends.
be
i.
Do they like ……………….. in their new home?
j.
I’m going to finish ……………….. this book tonight.
2/ Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box. Use the toinfinitive.
have
visit
pay
help
drive
sleep
do
post
leave
go
a. I forgot ……to do….. my homework last night.
b. She’s hoping …………….. to university next year.
c. He offered ……………….. me but I said no because I didn’t really need any help.
d. Did you remember ……………….those letters?
e. She decided …………….. her job because the pay was so bad.
f. Are you learning ……………..?
g. I wanted …………….. a picnic but the weather was terrible.
h. We tried …………….. but there was a lot of noise outside.
i.
We’re planning …………………my cousin in Australia.
j.
He agreed …………….for the broken window.
3/ Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct form (gerund or
to-infinitive).
a. Don’t forget ……to phone… your mother. (phone)
b. I love ….being… on my own and …listening…to music. (be/listen)
c. Do you want …………… tonight? (go out)
d. Would you like ………………… to the beach this afternoon? (go)
e. I remembered …………… all the doors but I forgot the lights. (lock/ turn off)
f. Are you planning …………. On holiday this year? (go)
g. He agreed ……………….me after I wrote him a letter. (see)
h. I enjoy …………….. your leters very much. (read)
i.
We like ……………….here but we miss …………….to our old friends. (live/ talk)
j.
I’d like ……………….a job with a foreign company. (get)
k. I’m going to learn ………………….. Spanish before we go to Spain for our holidays next
year. (speak)
l.
Matthew suggested ………………….for a meal but I wanted ………………….at home. (go
out/ stay)
m. I don’t like ………………… violent films. (watch)
n. When I was a child, I hated …………….in the dark. (sleep)
o. She finished ………………….. the book but then she decided ……………….. another one.
(write/start)
p. We’re hoping ……………………… the house next week. (finish/ paint)
q. I am hoping …………….. ………….. at the factory soon. (stop/ work)
r. He’s very mean – he never offers …………………….. for anything. (pay)
s. I tried …………………… sugar in my tea but I didn’y like it. (give up/ take)
