Bài giảng Phát triển phần mềm nguồn mở (GV Nguyễn Hữu Thể) Bài 6
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PHÁT TRIỂN PHẦN MỀM NGUỒN MỞ
LARAVEL
Nguyễn Hữu Thể
Laravel
− A powerful MVC PHP framework
− Designed for developers who need a simple and
elegant toolkit to create full-featured web
applications.
− Laravel was created by Taylor Otwell.
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Laravel
− Laravel is a MVC framework.
• Incorporates many of the best features of frameworks like
CodeIgniter, Yii, ASP.NET MVC, Ruby on Rails, Sinatra,
and others.
− Laravel is an Open Source framework.
• It has a very rich set of features which will boost the speed
of Web Development.
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Laravel – Features
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Modularity
Testability
Routing
Configuration management
Query builder and ORM (Object Relational Mapper)
Schema builder, migrations, and seeding
Template engine
E-mailing
Authentication
Redis
Queues
Event and command bus
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Laravel – Version
Version
Release date
PHP version
1.0
June 2011
2.0
September 2011
3.0
February 22, 2012
3.1
March 27, 2012
3.2
May 22, 2012
4.0
May 28, 2013
≥ 5.3.0
4.1
December 12, 2013
≥ 5.3.0
4.2
June 1, 2014
≥ 5.4.0
5.0
February 4, 2015
≥ 5.4.0
June 9, 2015
≥ 5.5.9
5.2
December 21, 2015
≥ 5.5.9
5.3
August 23, 2016
≥ 5.6.4
5.4
January 24, 2017
≥ 5.6.4
5.5 LTS
August 30, 2017
≥ 7.0.0
5.6
February 7, 2018
≥ 7.1.3
5.7
September 4, 2018
≥ 7.1.3
5.1 LTS
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Laravel – Installation
− Server Requirements
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PHP >= 5.6.4
OpenSSL PHP Extension
PDO PHP Extension
Mbstring PHP Extension
Tokenizer PHP Extension
XML PHP Extension
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Laravel - Installation
− Step 1 − Visit the following URL and download
composer to install it on your system.
− />− Step 2 − After the Composer is installed, check the
installation by typing the Composer command in the
command prompt as shown in the following
screenshot.
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Laravel - Installation
− Step 3 − Move to path where you have created the
new directory and type the following command there
to install Laravel.
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel MyProject
Successfully:
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Laravel - Installation
− Step 4 − Open URL in the browser
http://localhost/MyProject
Or
http://localhost/MyProject/public
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Configuration
− Public Directory
• Web server's document / web root to be the public directory.
• The index.php in this directory serves as the front controller
for all HTTP requests entering your application.
− Configuration Files
• All of the configuration files for the Laravel framework are
stored in the config directory.
− Directory Permissions
• Directories within the storage and the bootstrap/cache
directories should be writable by your web server or Laravel
will not run.
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Configuration
− Application Key
• Set your application key to a random string.
• If you installed Laravel via Composer or the Laravel
installer, this key has already been set for you by the php
artisan key: generate command.
• Typically, this string should be 32 characters long.
• The key can be set in the .env environment file.
• Renamed the .env.example file to .env
• If the application key is not set, your user sessions and other
encrypted data will not be secure!
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Configuration
− Additional Configuration
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Timezone and locale
Cache
Database
Session
− Configure your local environment:
/>
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Application structure
− The default Laravel application structure is intended to
provide a great starting point for both large and small
applications.
− You are free to organize your application however you like.
− Laravel imposes almost no restrictions on where any given
class is located - as long as Composer can autoload the
class.
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Root Directory
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app − the core code of the application.
bootstrap − the application bootstrapping script.
config − configuration files of application.
database − your database migration and seeds.
public − The application’s document root. It starts the
Laravel application. JavaScript, CSS, Images,...
resources − raw assets such as the LESS & Sass files,
localization and language files.
routes - all of the route definitions for your
application. By default, three route files are included
with Laravel: web.php, api.php, and console.php.
storage − App storage, like file uploads... Framework
storage (cache), and application-generated logs.
test − various test cases.
vendor − composer dependencies.
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App Directory
− Console − All the artisan commands are
stored in this directory.
− Exceptions − Contains your application's
exception handler.
− Http − Contains your controllers, filters,
and requests.
− Providers − Contains various service
providers.
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