PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU TIẾNG ANH
I. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
The old belief was that you had to go to school to get educated, but there are plenty of people who have
educated themselves outside of school and become successful. They followed their passion, educated themselves as
they went along, and found success despite not actually going to a school where you sit down, learn from a teacher,
and take tests.
I think that the first 12 years of education are critical. Primary and secondary education teaches you the
basics, helps you get into a mindset of learning, exposes you to a variety of areas that you can pursue after school,
and gives you some real world experience with socializing and working with other people.
All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to really educate you in life. You
can go to college and learn about whatever field you want to go into. But, that school education isn't going to give
you the knowledge you need to really be successful in your career and your life.
For example, I have a friend who is an accountant. He hasn't finished all the courses in school that he needs to
get his Bachelor's degree, but he has more knowledge and ability than anyone who has finished their courses in
school that he works with. He reads up on what he needs to know as he works. He is passionate about what he does.
He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't. And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't
automatically mean you are more educated.
The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world. Obviously, there are some programs that you have
to take if you want to be accepted into a specific kind of job. Even though you can educate yourself outside of school,
many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece of paper proving it so that you can get
hired.
But, for many other things, you can educate yourself by doing things related to your career or passions. You
can educate yourself online by taking courses, learning from experts, buying eBooks, and having discussions with
like-minded people. You don't need a school to be educated in life. As Mark Twain said, “I have never let my
schooling interfere with my education."
1. It is stated in paragraph 1 that ____.
A. It is not always necessary for a person to go to school to be educated
B. Most of those who do not go to school are very successfully educated
C. Education has nothing to do with a school teachers, classes and tests
D. People will no longer go to school to be officially educated and succeed

2. Which of the following can serve as the title for the passage?
A. Schooling Does not Mean Education
B. Being Educated Doesn't require School
C. Going to School Will Soon Be out of Date
D. Being Educated Outweighs Being Schooled.
3. The word "critical" in paragraph 2 mostly means ____.
A. having a decisive or crucial importance for
B. taking on a considerable importance to
C. assuming enormous significance for
D. exerting a great influence on
4. With the phrase "that school education" in paragraph 3 the writer refers to ____.
A. the education people receive from primary schools
B. the education people receive from secondary schools
C. the first 12 years of education people receive
D. the education people do for a degree or the like
5. The phrasal verb “reads up on" in paragraph 4 mostly means ____.
A. to read a lot about something
B. to read something very carefully
C. to read only what interests you
D. to read closely from beginning to end
6. The word "automatically" in paragraph 4 can be best replaced with ____.

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A. normally
B. necessarily
C. definitely
D. always
7. The example described in paragraph 3 refers to the fact that ____.

A. a person going to school is not always educated
B. a person can educate himself in practical life
C. courses at colleges are merely for the degree
D. knowledge acquired at colleges can be read elsewhere
8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. degree-holding person should still go on self-educating for a successful career.
B. Many professions require that employees acquire official courses.
C. Doing things in relevance to profession or interest is one way of educating yourself.
D. Doing things in passion has nothing to do with taking official degree courses.
9. This passage is most likely to be taken from ____.
A. a magazine for teachers
B. a journal of education sciences
C. a textbook for university students
D. an article for the public
10. The tone passage is ____.
A. descriptive
B. affirmative
C. negative
D. creative
II. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical
innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of
transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below.
The division of labor (that is, the reduction of a manufacturing or service process into its smallest independent
steps) developed in the latter half of the 18th century and was first discussed by the Scottish economist Adam Smith
in his book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). In manufacturing, the division of
labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers.
Mechanization was the next step necessary in the development of automation. The simplification of work
made possible by the division of labor also made it possible to design and build machines that duplicated the motions

of the worker. As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized machines were motorized and their
production efficiency was improved. The development of power technology also gave rise to the factory system of
production, because all workers and machines had to be located near the power source.
The transfer machine is a device used to move a workpiece from one specialized machine tool to another, in
such a manner as to properly position the workpiece for the next machining operation. Industrial robots, originally
designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous
and are being used to transfer, handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus
performing all the functions of a transfer machine. In actual practice, a number of separate machines are integrated
into what may be thought of as one large machine.
In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production. The goal of
this assembly-line system was to make automobiles available to people who previously could not afford them. This
method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as Detroit
automation. Despite more recent advances, it is this system of production that most people think of as automation.
1. According to the passage, automated manufacture did not result from ____.
A. division of labor
C. development of transfer machines
B. mechanization of factory
D. lack of human resources
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Division of labor came from economic forces.
B. Division of labor arose out of technical innovations.
C. Division of labor led to the reduction of workers.
D. Division of labor resulted in simplification of work.
3. It can be understood that the key factor of mechanization is ____.
A. machine design
B. machine efficiency
C. power source
D. power technology

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4. The word "dexterous" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. intelligent
B. skillful
C. efficient
D. powerful
5. The auto industry is mentioned in the passage as ____.
A. an example of automated manufacture
B. a method of automobile production
C. an integrated system of production
D. an automated system of production
III. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Making robots work well in the home is incredibly difficult. Their sensory apparatus is limited because
sensors are expensive and interpretation (especially common-sense knowledge) is still more suited for research than
deployment. Robotic arms are expensive to build and not very reliable. This limits the range of possibilities: Mowing
and vacuuming? Sure. Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable. Picking up dirty items around the home? Doubtful. How
about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I
am skeptical. Today's devices are not reliable, versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway. Moreover, the social
aspects of the interaction are far more complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts
typically fail to recognize.
Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education. We can start with
today's existing devices and slowly add on intelligence, manipulative ability, and function. Start small and build. The
market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established. The second generation of
vacuum cleaners is smarter than the first. Sony's dog gets smarter and less expensive with each new version. We don't
get think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots, but why not? They don't move
around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year. And when the coffee maker is connected to the
pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name: same for the coupling of sorting, washing,
drying, and storing clothes.

Education is a powerful possibility. There is already a solid basis of educational devices that aid learning.
Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices. They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the
multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy market. A robot could very well interact with a child, offering
educational benefits as well. Why not have the robot help the child learn the alphabet, teach reading, vocabulary,
pronunciation, basic arithmetic, maybe basic reasoning? Why not music and art, geography and history? And why
restrict it to children? Adults can be willing and active learners.
Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as teacher. Not to replace school, not to replace human
contact and interaction, but to supplement them. The beauty here is that these tasks are well within the abilities of
today's devices. They don't require much mobility nor sophisticated manipulators. Many technologists dream of
implementing Neil Stephenson's children's tutor in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated
Primer. Why not? Here is a worthy challenge.
1. It is understood from paragraph one that ____.
A. Home robots are still expensive even though they can do various technical tasks.
B. Home robots are not reliable and intelligent enough for complex social interactions.
C. Home robots have not been commonly used as they are still in research.
D. Home robots have been recognized by the technology-driven enthusiasts.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE as discussed in the passage?
A. The best home robots are now for entertainment purposes.
B. Home robots now are integrated into home appliances.
C. Home robots help parents teach their children more intelligently.
D. Smart home appliances should be considered home robots.
3. The word "skeptical" in paragraph two is closest in meaning to ____.
A. doubtful
B. unbelievable
C. terrified
D. threatening

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4. The writer mentions Sony's dog as an example of ____.
A. robots doing household chores
B. robots entertaining in the house
C. clean and intelligent pets
D. best-selling robots for entertainment
5. The word "They" in paragraph two refers to ____.
A. washing machines
B. microwave ovens
C. coffee makers
D. home appliances
6. The word "engaging" in paragraph three mostly means “____”
A. satisfying
B. attractive
C. sweet
D. warm
7. The word "supplement" in the last paragraph can be replaced with “____”.
A. strengthen
B. add
C. assist
D. expand
8. The author of the passage may agree that ____.
A. Robots nowadays are most beneficial in the field of education
B. Home robots are not popular due to the high cost of manufacture
C. Robots to entertain will be marketed more and more to children
D. Robots have been becoming an integral part of our home life
9. The next paragraph following this passage may include more information about robots as ____.
A. toys
B. home appliances
C. tutors
D. active learners

10. The tone of the passage is ____.
A. conservative
B. passive
C. skeptical
D. radical
IV. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best fits each of the numbered blanks.
THE POPULARITY OF TEXT MESSAGING
Why is text messaging so popular, especially with young people? There are two main reasons. One is cost, as
many teenagers have to use pay-as-you-go mobile tariffs (1) ____ of contracts, and so it is cheaper to send a text
message than (2) ____ a voice call. So texters get better value of (3) ____. But there is a second, less practical reason
for its popularity. A generation is growing up happy to communicate (4) ____ by text, and this new form of instant
communication is even more relaxed and informal than either email or phone calls. Text messaging has created a
completely new language, (5) ____ of abbreviations and unusual spellings.
It is a language that is not understood by adults, even though they can buy special dictionaries explaining it,
and it has opened up a huge generation (6) ____ between teenagers and their parents. For teenagers, text is
convenient and quick, (7) ____ it confuses parents. Text messaging is a teenage (8) ____ to grown up technology and
(9) ____ young people with a means of communicating that is always accessible. It is also something that they can
call their own, and in spite of some concern in the teaching profession that literacy skills are being (10) ____ text
messaging is a form of communication that is certainly here to stay.
1. A. instead
B. rather
C. other
D. afraid
2. A. do
B. make
C. take
D. form
3. A. cash
B. income

C. money
D. earnings
4. A. almost
B. mostly
C. completely
D. rarely
5. A. filled
B. packed
C. full
D. fraught
6. A. distance
B. gap
C. length
D. obstacle
7. A. and
B. for
C. so
D. but
8. A. access
B. reply
C. response
D. attitude
9. A. gives
B. brings
C. carries
D. provides
10. A. forgotten
B. beaten
C. lost
D. overtaken

V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Dear Editor,

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Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for
seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and
pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players.
Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud
music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives
anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of
watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out
about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us.
Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta
Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all.
1. What does the writer complain about?
A. Noise
B. Newspapers
C. Advertisements
D. Electronic equipment
2. What problem does the writer think radio causes?
A. It gives too much music.
B. It has too many programs for advertising.
C. Its noise does harm to our ears.
D. It changes our daily live.
3. Why do husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer?
A. They spend too much time on sports.
B. They are always watching TV programs.

C. They like to play games on TV.
D. They take little interest in their wives.
4. What is the writer worried about most?
A. Electronic equipment may invade our private life.
B. Electronic equipment may harm our health.
C. Electronic equipment may affect children's study.D. Electronic equipment may affect family relationship.
5. What is implied in this letter?
A. There are too many programs for grownups on TV.
B. Reading advertisements is a waste of time.
C. Watching TV may hurt children's eyes.
D. Some electronic equipment may cause social problems.
- (Đồ điện tử có thể gây ra vấn đề xã hội)
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Cyberspace, data superhighway, multimedia - for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers,
television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia,
little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high
technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again.
Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the
world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries,
and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money
movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made possible by information
technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on the have-nots.
For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of
goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As futures" are traded on
computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.
So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest
computers and telecommunications themselves – so called development communications" modernization. Yet this
leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies
Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and

ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported
products and services must therefore be bought on credit - credit usually provided by the very countries whose
companies stand to gain.

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Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for
native development. This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational
corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it.
1. According to paragraph 1, the development of high technology is in the interests of ____.
A. the rich countries
B. scientific development
C. the elite
D. the world economy
2. The word "utopia" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. unreal perfection
B. rapid development
C. positive effect
D. gloomy prospect
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A. international trade should be expanded
B. the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration
C. the exports of the poor countries should be increased
D. communications technology in developing countries should be modernized
4. The word "instability” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. steadiness
B. certainty
C. uncertainty
D. impossibility

5. The word "which" in paragraph 3 refers to ____.
A. instability
B. result
C. countries
D. goods
6. The word "constraints" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. limitations
B. benefits
C. demands
D. struggles
7. Why is it stated that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?
A. Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market.
B. Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.
C. Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.
D. Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.
8. The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may ____.
A. hinder their industrial production
B. cause them to lose control of their trade
C. force them to reduce their share of exports
D. cost them their economic independence
9. The word "it" in paragraph 6 refers to ____.
A. development
B. new technology C. native development
D. level of expertise
10. The author's attitude toward the communications revolution is ____.
A. positive
B. critical
C. indifferent
D. tolerant
VII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that

best fits each of the numbered blanks.
A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGNING BUILDINGS
Some experts fear that many people are becoming overweight. Adults are encouraged to exercise for a
minimum of thirty minutes, five times a week, and the average person is (1) ____ to take 10,000 steps per day to
maintain basic (2) ____, but it is a fact that few office workers manage to take more than 5,000.
Now architects have (3) ____ 'fit' office buildings which encourage employees to become healthier because
they have to walk while they are at work. In these buildings, meeting rooms and car parks are placed a long way from
office desks so that workers have to walk to (4) ____ them. In one building the cafe is (5) ____ in the furthest section
so that some workers have to walk as (6) ____ as half a kilometer to and from lunch. There is special emphasis on (7)
____ people to use stairs instead of lifts, and long staircases are broken into flights of no more than nine stairs, so that
they don't look so difficult to climb. There are also large windows which provide attractive (8) ____over the city. (9)
____, the lifts are not easy to get access to, and in some buildings, they only stop at one floor in three.

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It's a design policy for a fitter environment which encourages people to walk without making it appear to be
(10) ____ work - but will it be successful? Only time will tell.
1. A. recommended
B. suggested
C. proposed
D. approved
2. A. condition
B. fitness
C. shape
D. size
3. A. invented
B. modelled
C. schemed
D. designed

4. A. arrive
B. get
C. reach
D. come
5. A. located
B. settled
C. discovered
D. set
6. A. well
B. far
C. soon
D. little
7. A. making
B. letting
C. persuading
D. bringing
8. A. looks
B. sights
C. pictures
D. views
9. A. On the other hand
B. Although
C. In spite of
D. So that
10. A. tough
B. difficult
C. hard
D. bad
VIII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.

After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken
the most experienced experts by surprise. Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an
existential question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels?
It is early, but the evidence is mounting. Wind and solar parks are being built at unprecedented rates,
threatening the business models of established power companies. Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight years
ago are selling at an exponential rate, in the process driving down the price of batteries that hold the key to
unleashing new levels of green growth.
“This clean energy disruption has just started and what is striking is how much of a financial impact it is
already having on some companies,” says Per Lekander, a portfolio manager at London's Lansdowne Partners hedge
fund, who has tracked global energy markets for more than 25 years.
“It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later. Now it has spread to the
auto sector and I think the oil industry is next.”
The shift has come as increased government efforts to curb climate change and smog have driven down costs
and spurred technical advances, creating a green energy industry that looks nothing like it did a decade ago:
expensive and sluggish.
Today, China and India have picked up the baton and are driving a sector that has spread to every continent.
The result was a banner year for green energy in 2016.
1. It is stated in the passage that in the past, green energy ____.
A. used internationally with great efficacy
B. received huge investment from goverment
C. was disfavoured at the beginning
D. was the main sources of energy using by humans
2. The fear of leaders from oil and gas sector company comes from ____.
A. the likelihood of fossil fuel to exhaust by the end of the 21st century
B. the sufficiency of enerygy produced by green power
C. the changes in manufacturing oil and gas
D. green power companies enjoying huge investment from the government
3. The price of electric cars has been ____.
A. rising rapidly
B. increasing steadily

C. falling exponentially
D. fluctuating wildly
4. In which year was the electricity sector in US hit by the use of green energy?
A. 2013
B.2014
C. 2015
D. 2016

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5. The word "sluggish" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. inactive
B. developed
C. promising
D. ineffective
IX. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth. It is becoming warmer. Scientists
predict that there will be major changes in the climate during the 21st century. Coastal waters will have higher
temperatures. This will have a serious effect on agriculture. Farmers will have trouble producing good crops. In warm
regions, the weather will be too dry. The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent. This would cause a large
decrease in agricultural production.
World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle of the 21st century. And the
increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. A rise in temperature could cause
the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters. Many coastal cities
would be underwater. Why is all this happening?
The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun. The atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun
pass through to warm the Earth. The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the atmosphere.
Much of this energy escapes from the Earth's atmosphere. However, some of it remains. Gases such as carbon

dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat. Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth,
and the Earth becomes warmer.
Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems. Too much
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping. Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth,
and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase. When oil, gas, and coal burn, they create
large amounts of carbon dioxide. The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the
amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air will
double by the late 2000s.
Scientists call this warming of the Earth and its atmosphere “the greenhouse effect”. A greenhouse, made of
glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown. The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and
warms the air inside. The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm. This is exactly what
is happening on the Earth.
Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere.
Ozone is a form of oxygen. In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer of ozone helps to protect the
Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun. If your skin receives too much of this light, you
would develop skin cancer. We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves. But the ozone layer is in trouble. Scientists
have observed that the ozone layer is becoming thin, and above Antarctica there is a hole. This allows too much of the
sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer.
Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now. We need to continue to do research, so we can
predict what will happen in the future. We must burn less coal, oil, and gas. Other scientists believe that the problem
is not so serious. They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don't need to worry
about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate. Most scientists agree that the causes of
the world's climate are very complicated. They say that we must continue to measure the amount of carbon dioxide
and ozone in the atmosphere. Scientists also encourage people to learn about the changes that are occurring in the
world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere.
1. Which of the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth?
A. Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house.
B. The amount of water will be decreased by half.
C. Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat.
D. There will be no winter on earth.


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2. A rise in temperature will be more remarkable ____.
A. in the Arctic and Antarctic regions
B. in the coastal cities
C. by the year 2050
D. under the great ice sheets
3. The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead to ____.
A. a rise in global temperature
B. the extinction of many polar animals
C. flooding of many coastal cities
D. a serve winter all over the world
4. The Earth wouldn't become warmer if ____.
A. the heat energy didn't escape from the earth's atmosphere
B. sunlight didn't pass through the atmosphere
C. the earth didn't send heat energy back into the atmosphere
D. carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn't retain the heat energy
5. When the rainforests are destroyed ____.
A. people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel
B. heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere
C. there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide
D. serious problems are caused for the scientists
6. It is obvious that ____.
A. greenhouses are responsible for the warming of the earth
B. what is happening on the earth is comparable to what happens in a greenhouse
C. greenhouses should be banned to prevent the warming of the earth
D. things wouldn't be so bad if greenhouses were not made of glass or plastic
7. How useful is the ozone layer?

A. It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun.
B. It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide.
C. It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool.
D. It helps treat skin cancer.
8. The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are ____.
A. the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice
B. the burning of fossil fuels and the changes of the climate
C. the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer
D. the ignorance of greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer
9. There seems to be ____.
A. a solution to the problem by the middle of the 21st century
B. no need to worry about fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas
C. other undiscovered causes of the greenhouse effects
D. some disagreement among the scientists as to the danger of the greenhouse effect
10. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The global warming
B. The greenhouse effect
C. The heat energy
D. The change of climate in the poles

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KEY
PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI ĐỌC HIỂU TIẾNG ANH
I. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
The old belief was that you had to go to school to get educated, but there are plenty of people who have
educated themselves outside of school and become successful. They followed their passion, educated themselves as
they went along, and found success despite not actually going to a school where you sit down, learn from a teacher,

and take tests.
I think that the first 12 years of education are critical. Primary and secondary education teaches you the
basics, helps you get into a mindset of learning, exposes you to a variety of areas that you can pursue after school,
and gives you some real world experience with socializing and working with other people.
All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to really educate you in life. You
can go to college and learn about whatever field you want to go into. But, that school education isn't going to give
you the knowledge you need to really be successful in your career and your life.
For example, I have a friend who is an accountant. He hasn't finished all the courses in school that he needs to
get his Bachelor's degree, but he has more knowledge and ability than anyone who has finished their courses in
school that he works with. He reads up on what he needs to know as he works. He is passionate about what he does.
He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't. And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't
automatically mean you are more educated.
The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world. Obviously, there are some programs that you have
to take if you want to be accepted into a specific kind of job. Even though you can educate yourself outside of school,
many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece of paper proving it so that you can get
hired.
But, for many other things, you can educate yourself by doing things related to your career or passions. You
can educate yourself online by taking courses, learning from experts, buying eBooks, and having discussions with
like-minded people. You don't need a school to be educated in life. As Mark Twain said, “I have never let my
schooling interfere with my education."
1. It is stated in paragraph 1 that ____.
A. It is not always necessary for a person to go to school to be educated
B. Most of those who do not go to school are very successfully educated
C. Education has nothing to do with a school teachers, classes and tests
D. People will no longer go to school to be officially educated and succeed
- Nêu rõ ở đoạn 1: but there are plenty of people who have educated themselves outside of school and become
successful
2. Which of the following can serve as the title for the passage?
A. Schooling Does not Mean Education
B. Being Educated Doesn't require School

C. Going to School Will Soon Be out of Date
D. Being Educated Outweighs Being Schooled.
- Suy từ nội dung cả văn bản: Toàn văn bản thuyết phục người đọc bằng cách các luận cứ và luận chứng đầy
đủ về việc muốn thành công không nhất thiết cần phải tới trường nhận đào tạo chính thống mà nhờ quá trình
tự đào tạo suốt đời.
3. The word "critical" in paragraph 2 mostly means ____.
A. having a decisive or crucial importance for
B. taking on a considerable importance to
C. assuming enormous significance for
D. exerting a great influence on
- Suy từ nội dung đoạn văn (key words: the basics, mindset)
4. With the phrase "that school education" in paragraph 3 the writer refers to ____.
A. the education people receive from primary schools

10


B. the education people receive from secondary schools
C. the first 12 years of education people receive
D. the education people do for a degree or the like
- Hồi chỉ
5. The phrasal verb “reads up on" in paragraph 4 mostly means ____.
A. to read a lot about something
B. to read something very carefully
C. to read only what interests you
D. to read closely from beginning to end
- Suy từ tình huống được miêu tả về ‘the authors friend': He reads up on what he needs to know as he works.
He is passionate about what he does. He can figure stuff out that his fully-schooled peers can't.
6. The word "automatically" in paragraph 4 can be best replaced with ____.
A. normally

B. necessarily
C. definitely
D. always
- Kết luận của tình huống: And he is a shining example of why going to school doesn't automatically mean you
are more educated.
7. The example described in paragraph 3 refers to the fact that ____.
A. a person going to school is not always educated
B. a person can educate himself in practical life
C. courses at colleges are merely for the degree
D. knowledge acquired at colleges can be read elsewhere
- Kết luận của tình huống (mở rộng): The point is that you can educate yourself in the real world.
8. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. degree-holding person should still go on self-educating for a successful career.
B. Many professions require that employees acquire official courses.
C. Doing things in relevance to profession or interest is one way of educating yourself.
D. Doing things in passion has nothing to do with taking official degree courses.
- Suy từ cả văn bản (A: đoạn 3: All of those things are important, but after that, you can't rely on a school to
really educate you in life.; B: đoạn 5: many professions still require you to finish an education and have a piece
of paper proving it so that you can get hired; C: đoạn 6: you can educate yourself by doing things related to
your career or passions.)
9. This passage is most likely to be taken from ____.
A. a magazine for teachers
B. a journal of education sciences
C. a textbook for university students
D. an article for the public
- Văn bản có tính đại chúng vì đưa thơng tin và lập luận rất gần gũi với tất cả mọi người trong xã hội đang cố
gắng phát triển bản thân và sự nghiệp
10. The tone passage is ____.
A. descriptive
B. affirmative

C. negative
D. creative
- Thái độ tác giả thể hiện qua văn phong rất kiên định và chắc chắn
II. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical
innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development of
transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below.
The division of labor (that is, the reduction of a manufacturing or service process into its smallest independent
steps) developed in the latter half of the 18th century and was first discussed by the Scottish economist Adam Smith
in his book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). In manufacturing, the division of
labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers.

11


Mechanization was the next step necessary in the development of automation. The simplification of work
made possible by the division of labor also made it possible to design and build machines that duplicated the motions
of the worker. As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized machines were motorized and their
production efficiency was improved. The development of power technology also gave rise to the factory system of
production, because all workers and machines had to be located near the power source.
The transfer machine is a device used to move a workpiece from one specialized machine tool to another, in
such a manner as to properly position the workpiece for the next machining operation. Industrial robots, originally
designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous
and are being used to transfer, handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus
performing all the functions of a transfer machine. In actual practice, a number of separate machines are integrated
into what may be thought of as one large machine.
In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production. The goal of
this assembly-line system was to make automobiles available to people who previously could not afford them. This
method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as Detroit

automation. Despite more recent advances, it is this system of production that most people think of as automation.
1. According to the passage, automated manufacture did not result from ____.
A. division of labor
C. development of transfer machines
B. mechanization of factory
D. lack of human resources
- Đoạn 1: Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces and technical
innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the development
of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below.
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Division of labor came from economic forces.
B. Division of labor arose out of technical innovations.
C. Division of labor led to the reduction of workers.
D. Division of labor resulted in simplification of work.
- Đoạn 1 và 2 (A, B: Automated manufacture arose out of the intimate relationship of such economic forces
and technical innovations as the division of labor, power transfer and the mechanization of the factory, and the
development of transfer machines and feedback systems as explained below; C in manufacturing, the division
of labor results in increased production and a reduction in the level of skills required of workers.)
3. It can be understood that the key factor of mechanization is ____.
A. machine design
B. machine efficiency
C. power source
D. power technology
- Đoạn 3: Q trình cơ khí hố diễn ra mạnh mẽ nhờ vào q trình phát triển của ngành Cơng nghiệp điện,
nguồn năng lượng để vận hành máy móc. (As the technology of power transfer evolved, these specialized
machines were motorized and their production efficiency was improved.)
4. The word "dexterous" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. intelligent
B. skillful
C. efficient

D. powerful
- Suy từ tình huống đoạn 4: Industrial robots, originally designed only to perform simple tasks in
environments dangerous to human workers, are now extremely dexterous and are being used to transfer,
handle, and index (that is, to position) both light and heavy workpieces, thus performing all the functions of a
transfer machine.
5. The auto industry is mentioned in the passage as ____.
A. an example of automated manufacture
B. a method of automobile production
C. an integrated system of production
D. an automated system of production
- Đoạn 5: In the 1920s the auto industry combined these concepts into an integrated system of production...
This method of production was adopted by most automobile manufacturers and rapidly became known as
Detroit automation.

12


III. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Making robots work well in the home is incredibly difficult. Their sensory apparatus is limited because
sensors are expensive and interpretation (especially common-sense knowledge) is still more suited for research than
deployment. Robotic arms are expensive to build and not very reliable. This limits the range of possibilities: Mowing
and vacuuming? Sure. Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable. Picking up dirty items around the home? Doubtful. How
about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I
am skeptical. Today's devices are not reliable, versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway. Moreover, the social
aspects of the interaction are far more complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts
typically fail to recognize.
Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education. We can start with
today's existing devices and slowly add on intelligence, manipulative ability, and function. Start small and build. The
market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established. The second generation of

vacuum cleaners is smarter than the first. Sony's dog gets smarter and less expensive with each new version. We don't
get think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots, but why not? They don't move
around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year. And when the coffee maker is connected to the
pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name: same for the coupling of sorting, washing,
drying, and storing clothes.
Education is a powerful possibility. There is already a solid basis of educational devices that aid learning.
Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices. They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the
multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy market. A robot could very well interact with a child, offering
educational benefits as well. Why not have the robot help the child learn the alphabet, teach reading, vocabulary,
pronunciation, basic arithmetic, maybe basic reasoning? Why not music and art, geography and history? And why
restrict it to children? Adults can be willing and active learners.
Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as teacher. Not to replace school, not to replace human
contact and interaction, but to supplement them. The beauty here is that these tasks are well within the abilities of
today's devices. They don't require much mobility nor sophisticated manipulators. Many technologists dream of
implementing Neil Stephenson's children's tutor in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated
Primer. Why not? Here is a worthy challenge.
1. It is understood from paragraph one that ____.
A. Home robots are still expensive even though they can do various technical tasks.
B. Home robots are not reliable and intelligent enough for complex social interactions.
C. Home robots have not been commonly used as they are still in research.
D. Home robots have been recognized by the technology-driven enthusiasts.
- Phần cuối đoạn 1: This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical. Today's devices are not reliable,
versatile, or intelligent enough - not yet, anyway. Moreover, the social aspects of the interaction are far more
complex than the technical ones, something the technology-driven enthusiasts typically fail to recognize.
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE as discussed in the passage?
A. The best home robots are now for entertainment purposes.
B. Home robots now are integrated into home appliances.
C. Home robots help parents teach their children more intelligently.
D. Smart home appliances should be considered home robots.
- Phần cuối đoạn 2: We don't yet think of washing machines, microwave ovens, and coffee makers as robots,

but why not? They don't move around the house, but they are getting better and smarter every year. And when
the coffee maker is connected to the pantry and dishwasher, that will be a home robot worthy of the name:
same for the coupling of sorting, washing, drying, and storing clothes
3. The word "skeptical" in paragraph two is closest in meaning to ____.

13


A. doubtful
B. unbelievable
C. terrified
D. threatening
- Dựa vào tình huống thì câu trả lời tương tự như với ‘doubtful’ khi trả lời các câu hỏi phía trước: This limits
the range of possibilities: Mowing and vacuuming? Sure. Sorting laundry? Hard, but doable. Picking up dirty
items around the home? Doubtful. How about assistants for the elderly or those who need medical
supervision? This is a booming area of exploration, but I am skeptical.
4. The writer mentions Sony's dog as an example of ____.
A. robots doing household chores
B. robots entertaining in the house
C. clean and intelligent pets
D. best-selling robots for entertainment
- Đoạn 2: Three likely directions for the future are entertainment, home appliances, and education..... The
market for robots that entertain by being cute and cuddly is already well established... Sony's dog gets smarter
and less expensive with each new version.
5. The word "They" in paragraph two refers to ____.
A. washing machines
B. microwave ovens
C. coffee makers
D. home appliances
- Hồi chỉ

6. The word "engaging" in paragraph three mostly means “____”
A. satisfying
B. attractive
C. sweet
D. warm
- Suy từ cách miêu tả giọng nói và miêu tả robots ở đoạn 3: Today's robots can read aloud in engaging voices.
They can be cute and lovable - witness the responses to the multiple quasi-intelligent animals on the toy
market.
7. The word "supplement" in the last paragraph can be replaced with “____”.
A. strengthen
B. add
C. assist
D. expand
- Đầu đoạn 4 (khơng thay thế thì là cùng hoạt động) Now this is a direction worthy of exploration: Robot as
teacher. Not to replace school, not to replace human contact and interaction, but to supplement them.
8. The author of the passage may agree that ____.
A. Robots nowadays are most beneficial in the field of education
B. Home robots are not popular due to the high cost of manufacture
C. Robots to entertain will be marketed more and more to children
D. Robots have been becoming an integral part of our home life
- Suy từ toàn bài, chủ yếu đoạn số (Đoạn 2, 3, 4): các đáp án khác là nội dung trong bài chứ không cần suy
luận, nhưng đáp án D là thể hiện quan điểm của tác giả khi liệt kê các lợi ích và tác dụng của robots trong các
khía cạnh của đời sống.
9. The next paragraph following this passage may include more information about robots as ____.
A. toys
B. home appliances
C. tutors
D. active learners
- Suy từ câu cuối cùng của bài: Many technologists dream of implementing Nell Stephenson's children's tutor
in his novel The Diamond Age: Or, a Young Lady's Illustrated Primer. Why not? Here is a worthy challenge.

Tác giả đã nêu ví dụ và nêu quan điểm nên rất có khả năng ở đoạn tiếp theo sẽ là mô tả chi tiết ví dụ để chứng
minh cho quan điểm.
10. The tone of the passage is ____.
A. conservative
B. passive
C. skeptical
D. radical
- Tổi độ và giọng điệu của tác giả thể hiện qua bài đọc có tính cấp tiến: tác giả rất ủng hộ việc sử dụng robots
trong các lĩnh vực khác nhau của cuộc sống, đặc biệt là tích hợp trong các tiện ích gia đình.
IV. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best fits each of the numbered blanks.
THE POPULARITY OF TEXT MESSAGING
Why is text messaging so popular, especially with young people? There are two main reasons. One is cost, as
many teenagers have to use pay-as-you-go mobile tariffs (1) ____ of contracts, and so it is cheaper to send a text
message than (2) ____ a voice call. So texters get better value of (3) ____. But there is a second, less practical reason
for its popularity. A generation is growing up happy to communicate (4) ____ by text, and this new form of instant

14


communication is even more relaxed and informal than either email or phone calls. Text messaging has created a
completely new language, (5) ____ of abbreviations and unusual spellings.
It is a language that is not understood by adults, even though they can buy special dictionaries explaining it,
and it has opened up a huge generation (6) ____ between teenagers and their parents. For teenagers, text is
convenient and quick, (7) ____ it confuses parents. Text messaging is a teenage (8) ____ to grown up technology and
(9) ____ young people with a means of communicating that is always accessible. It is also something that they can
call their own, and in spite of some concern in the teaching profession that literacy skills are being (10) ____ text
messaging is a form of communication that is certainly here to stay.
1. A. instead
B. rather

C. other
D. afraid
- (“instead of sth” mang nghĩa “thay vì cái gì”)
2. A. do
B. make
C. take
D. form
- (“make a call” là một collocation, mang nghĩa gọi điện)
3. A. cash
B. income
C. money
D. earnings
- (“value of money" mang nghĩa “giá trị về tiền”)
4. A. almost
B. mostly
C. completely
D. rarely
- (mostly mang nghĩa chủ yếu, phần lớn. Lưu ý: “almost” mang nghĩa “gần như”, tương tự chữ “nearly")
5. A. filled
B. packed
C. full
D. fraught
- (“to be full of sth” mang nghĩa chứa đầy cái gì”, lưu ý: những chữ cịn lại đi với giới từ with)
6. A. distance
B. gap
C. length
D. obstacle
- ("generation gap” mang nghĩa “khoảng cách thế hệ”, đây là một collocation)
7. A. and
B. for

C. so
D. but
- (chọn chữ “but”, thể hiện sự tương phản. Lưu ý: đọc kĩ vế trước và vế sau để chọn đúng)
8. A. access
B. reply
C. response
D. attitude
- (“a response to sth” mang nghĩa “sự phản ứng với cái gì” trong ngữ cảnh này)
9. A. gives
B. brings
C. carries
D. provides
- (“provide sb with sth” mang nghĩa "cung cấp cho ai cái gì”)
10. A. forgotten
B. beaten
C. lost
D. overtaken
- (“be lost” mang nghĩa “bị đánh mất”)
V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Dear Editor,
Why do newspapers carry so many advertisements for electronic equipment? Last Sunday I counted ads for
seven kinds of televisions and thirteen kinds of radios in the Atlanta Journal. Besides that, there were pages and
pages of ads for tape recorders and CD players.
Don't you realize what electronic equipment is doing to our daily life? Everywhere you go you may hear loud
music and advertisements over radios; this continual noise is doing harm to our ears. Husbands don't talk to wives
anymore; they are always watching the news or a ball game on TV. Children ruin their eyes with endless hours of
watching not only the programs for children but those for grownups as well. And worse, hidden microphones find out
about our private lives, and computers keep records of personal information about us.
Enough is enough! I think you should limit the amount of advertising of electronic equipment in the Atlanta

Journal; otherwise it will make life unbearable for us all.
1. What does the writer complain about?
A. Noise
B. Newspapers
C. Advertisements
D. Electronic equipment
- (Tác giả phàn nàn về thực tế có q nhiều quảng cáo. Đoạn 1, dịng 1: Why do newspapers carry so many
advertisements for electronic equipment?)
2. What problem does the writer think radio causes?
A. It gives too much music.
B. It has too many programs for advertising.

15


C. Its noise does harm to our ears.
D. It changes our daily live.
- (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: this continual noise is doing harm to our ears)
3. Why do husbands talk less and less to wives, according to the writer?
A. They spend too much time on sports.
B. They are always watching TV programs.
C. They like to play games on TV.
D. They take little interest in their wives.
- (Đoạn 2, dòng 2-3: Husbands don't talk to wives anymore; they are always watching the news or a ballgame
on TV)
4. What is the writer worried about most?
A. Electronic equipment may invade our private life.
B. Electronic equipment may harm our health.
C. Electronic equipment may affect children's study.
D. Electronic equipment may affect family relationship.

- (Đoạn 2, câu cuối: hidden microphones find out about our private lives, and computers keep records of
personal information about us.)
5. What is implied in this letter?
A. There are too many programs for grownups on TV.
B. Reading advertisements is a waste of time.
C. Watching TV may hurt children's eyes.
D. Some electronic equipment may cause social problems.
- (Đồ điện tử có thể gây ra vấn đề xã hội)
VI. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Cyberspace, data superhighway, multimedia - for those who have seen the future, the linking of computers,
television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological utopia,
little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new high
technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the question of "for whom" is put aside once again.
Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the
world economy. Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial boundaries,
and transnational corporations take full advantage of it. Terms of trade, exchange and interest rates and money
movements are more important than the production of goods. The electronic economy made possible by information
technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on the have-nots.
For them the result is instability. Developing countries which rely on the production of a small range of
goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine. As futures" are traded on
computer screens, developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.
So what are the options for regaining control? One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the latest
computers and telecommunications themselves – so called development communications" modernization. Yet this
leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing countries economies
Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S., Europe or Japan; the patents, skills and
ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries. It is also expensive, and imported
products and services must therefore be bought on credit - credit usually provided by the very countries whose
companies stand to gain.
Furthermore, when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it for

native development. This means that while local elites, foreign communities and subsidiaries of transnational
corporations may benefit, those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied it.
1. According to paragraph 1, the development of high technology is in the interests of ____.
A. the rich countries
B. scientific development
C. the elite
D. the world economy

16


- (Đoạn 1, dòng cuối: As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with the "how", the
question of "for whom" is put aside once again.)
2. The word "utopia" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. unreal perfection
B. rapid development
C. positive effect
D. gloomy prospect
- ("utopia” là một nơi mà mọi thứ đều hoàn hảo)
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A. international trade should be expanded
B. the interests of the poor countries have not been given enough consideration
C. the exports of the poor countries should be increased
D. communications technology in developing countries should be modernized
- (Đoạn 1, dòng 3: little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor.)
4. The word "instability” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. steadiness
B. certainty
C. uncertainty
D. impossibility

- (“instability" mang nghĩa “sự không ổn định”, “uncertainty" mang nghĩa “sự không chắc chắn”)
5. The word "which" in paragraph 3 refers to ____.
A. instability
B. result
C. countries
D. goods
- (chữ “which” thay thế cho chữ ngay trước nó là chữ “countries")
6. The word "constraints" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. limitations
B. benefits
C. demands
D. struggles
- ("constraints” và “limitations” mang nghĩa “sự giới hạn")
7. Why is it stated that the electronic economy may have a destructive impact on developing countries?
A. Because it enables the developed countries to control the international market.
B. Because it destroys the economic balance of the poor countries.
C. Because it violates the national boundaries of the poor countries.
D. Because it inhibits the industrial growth of developing countries.
- (Đoạn 2, câu cuối: ... allows the haves to increase their control on global markets - with destructive impact on
the have-nots.)
8. The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may ____.
A. hinder their industrial production
B. cause them to lose control of their trade
C. force them to reduce their share of exports
D. cost them their economic independence
- (Đoan 4, câu cuối: ... this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing
countries' economies.)
9. The word "it" in paragraph 6 refers to ____.
A. development
B. new technology C. native development

D. level of expertise
- ("exploit sth” mang nghĩa sử dụng, khai thác cái gì”, chữ "it" thay thế cho chữ “new technology”, “sử dụng
công nghệ")
10. The author's attitude toward the communications revolution is ____.
A. positive
B. critical
C. indifferent
D. tolerant
- ("critical” mang nghĩa “thái độ phê phán” trong ngữ cảnh này)
VII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best fits each of the numbered blanks.
A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGNING BUILDINGS
Some experts fear that many people are becoming overweight. Adults are encouraged to exercise for a
minimum of thirty minutes, five times a week, and the average person is (1) ____ to take 10,000 steps per day to
maintain basic (2) ____, but it is a fact that few office workers manage to take more than 5,000.

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Now architects have (3) ____ 'fit' office buildings which encourage employees to become healthier because
they have to walk while they are at work. In these buildings, meeting rooms and car parks are placed a long way from
office desks so that workers have to walk to (4) ____ them. In one building the cafe is (5) ____ in the furthest section
so that some workers have to walk as (6) ____ as half a kilometer to and from lunch. There is special emphasis on (7)
____ people to use stairs instead of lifts, and long staircases are broken into flights of no more than nine stairs, so that
they don't look so difficult to climb. There are also large windows which provide attractive (8) ____over the city. (9)
____, the lifts are not easy to get access to, and in some buildings, they only stop at one floor in three.
It's a design policy for a fitter environment which encourages people to walk without making it appear to be
(10) ____ work - but will it be successful? Only time will tell.
1. A. recommended
B. suggested

C. proposed
D. approved
- (to be recommended to do something: được khuyến khích/khuyến cáo/khuyên nên làm gì; chú ý "suggest” thì
phải là “It is suggested that…” )
2. A. condition
B. fitness
C. shape
D. size
- (“fitness”: sự cân đối)
3. A. invented
B. modelled
C. schemed
D. designed
- (ở sau có chữ “buildings", nên chọn “design”, mang nghĩa “thiết kế")
4. A. arrive
B. get
C. reach
D. come
- (°reach something": rướn tới/đi tới cái gì)
5. A. located
B. settled
C. discovered
D. set
- (“to be located in ..." được đặt ở/có vị trí ở đâu đó)
6. A. well
B. far
C. soon
D. little
- (“as far as a kilometer to and from lunch”: cách điểm ăn trưa tầm 1 cây số)
7. A. making

B. letting
C. persuading
D. bringing
- (“persuade someone to do something”: thuyết phục ai làm việc gì)
8. A. looks
B. sights
C. pictures
D. views
- (“view”: khung cảnh. Chú ý “sight" có nghĩa là thị lực, hoặc những nơi tham quan)
9. A. On the other hand
B. Although
C. In spite of
D. So that
- (“on the other hand” mang nghĩa “mặt khác", dùng để giới thiệu mặt kia của một vấn đề)
10. A. tough
B. difficult
C. hard
D. bad
- (“hard work": cơng việc nặng nhọc, khó khăn)
VIII. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a pace that has taken
the most experienced experts by surprise. Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an
existential question: will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels?
It is early, but the evidence is mounting. Wind and solar parks are being built at unprecedented rates,
threatening the business models of established power companies. Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight years
ago are selling at an exponential rate, in the process driving down the price of batteries that hold the key to
unleashing new levels of green growth.
“This clean energy disruption has just started and what is striking is how much of a financial impact it is
already having on some companies,” says Per Lekander, a portfolio manager at London's Lansdowne Partners hedge

fund, who has tracked global energy markets for more than 25 years.
“It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later. Now it has spread to the
auto sector and I think the oil industry is next.”
The shift has come as increased government efforts to curb climate change and smog have driven down costs
and spurred technical advances, creating a green energy industry that looks nothing like it did a decade ago:
expensive and sluggish.

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Today, China and India have picked up the baton and are driving a sector that has spread to every continent.
The result was a banner year for green energy in 2016.
1. It is stated in the passage that in the past, green energy ____.
A. used internationally with great efficacy
B. received huge investment from goverment
C. was disfavoured at the beginning
D. was the main sources of energy using by humans
- (Đoạn 1, dòng 1: After years of hype and false starts, the shift to clean power has begun to accelerate at a
pace that has taken the most experienced experts by surprise.)
2. The fear of leaders from oil and gas sector company comes from ____.
A. the likelihood of fossil fuel to exhaust by the end of the 21st century
B. the sufficiency of enerygy produced by green power
C. the changes in manufacturing oil and gas
D. green power companies enjoying huge investment from the government
- (Đoan 1, dòng 2: Even leaders in the oil and gas sector have been forced to confront an existential question:
will the 21st century be the last one for fossil fuels?)
3. The price of electric cars has been ____.
A. rising rapidly
B. increasing steadily
C. falling exponentially

D. fluctuating wildly
- (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: Electric cars that were hard to even buy eight year ago are selling at an exponential rate)
4. In which year was the electricity sector in US hit by the use of green energy?
A. 2013
B.2014
C. 2015
D. 2016
- Đoạn 4, dòng 1: It hit the electricity sector first, in Europe in 2013 and then the US two years later)
5. The word "sluggish" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. inactive
B. developed
C. promising
D. ineffective
- ("sluggish”: chậm, ùn tắc, không hoạt động)
IX. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth. It is becoming warmer. Scientists
predict that there will be major changes in the climate during the 21st century. Coastal waters will have higher
temperatures. This will have a serious effect on agriculture. Farmers will have trouble producing good crops. In warm
regions, the weather will be too dry. The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent. This would cause a large
decrease in agricultural production.
World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle of the 21st century. And the
increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. A rise in temperature could cause
the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters. Many coastal cities
would be underwater. Why is all this happening?
The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun. The atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun
pass through to warm the Earth. The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the atmosphere.
Much of this energy escapes from the Earth's atmosphere. However, some of it remains. Gases such as carbon
dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat. Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth,
and the Earth becomes warmer.

Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems. Too much
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping. Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth,
and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase. When oil, gas, and coal burn, they create
large amounts of carbon dioxide. The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the
amount of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air will
double by the late 2000s.

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Scientists call this warming of the Earth and its atmosphere “the greenhouse effect”. A greenhouse, made of
glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown. The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and
warms the air inside. The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm. This is exactly what
is happening on the Earth.
Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere.
Ozone is a form of oxygen. In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer of ozone helps to protect the
Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that comes from the sun. If your skin receives too much of this light, you
would develop skin cancer. We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves. But the ozone layer is in trouble. Scientists
have observed that the ozone layer is becoming thin, and above Antarctica there is a hole. This allows too much of the
sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer.
Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now. We need to continue to do research, so we can
predict what will happen in the future. We must burn less coal, oil, and gas. Other scientists believe that the problem
is not so serious. They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don't need to worry
about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate. Most scientists agree that the causes of
the world's climate are very complicated. They say that we must continue to measure the amount of carbon dioxide
and ozone in the atmosphere. Scientists also encourage people to learn about the changes that are occurring in the
world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere.
1. Which of the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth?
A. Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house.
B. The amount of water will be decreased by half.

C. Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat.
D. There will be no winter on earth.
- (Đoan 1, dòng 4: The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent)
2. A rise in temperature will be more remarkable ____.
A. in the Arctic and Antarctic regions
B. in the coastal cities
C. by the year 2050
D. under the great ice sheets
- (Đoạn 2, dòng 2: And the increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions.)
3. The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead to ____.
A. a rise in global temperature
B. the extinction of many polar animals
C. flooding of many coastal cities
D. a serve winter all over the world
- (Đoạn 2, dòng 4: Many coastal cities would be underwater)
4. The Earth wouldn't become warmer if ____.
A. the heat energy didn't escape from the earth's atmosphere
B. sunlight didn't pass through the atmosphere
C. the earth didn't send heat energy back into the atmosphere
D. carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn't retain the heat energy
- Đoạn 3, 2 câu cuối: Gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more
heat. Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer.)
5. When the rainforests are destroyed ____.
A. people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel
B. heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere
C. there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide
D. serious problems are caused for the scientists
- (Đoạn 4, dòng 4: The destruction of rain forests that absorb carbon dioxide also helps to increase the amount
of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.)
6. It is obvious that ____.


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A. greenhouses are responsible for the warming of the earth
B. what is happening on the earth is comparable to what happens in a greenhouse
C. greenhouses should be banned to prevent the warming of the earth
D. things wouldn't be so bad if greenhouses were not made of glass or plastic
- (Đoạn 5, 2 câu cuối: The heat inside escapes very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm. This is
exactly what is happening on the Earth.)
7. How useful is the ozone layer?
A. It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun.
B. It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide.
C. It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool.
D. It helps treat skin cancer.
- (Đoạn 6, dòng 2, 3: a layer of ozone helps to protect the Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that
comes from the sun)
8. The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are ____.
A. the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice
B. the burning of fossil fuels and the changes of the climate
C. the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer
D. the ignorance of greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer
- (Đoạn 4, dòng 2, 3: Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping. Too
much heat is sent back down to the Earth, and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to
increase và đoạn 6, dòng cuối: This allows too much of the sun's dangerous light into our atmosphere and
makes the Earth warmer.)
9. There seems to be ____.
A. a solution to the problem by the middle of the 21st century
B. no need to worry about fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas
C. other undiscovered causes of the greenhouse effects

D. some disagreement among the scientists as to the danger of the greenhouse effect
- (Đoạn cuối dòng 1, dòng 2: Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now... Other scientists
believe that the problem is not so serious)
10. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The global warming
B. The greenhouse effect
C. The heat energy
D. The change of climate in the poles

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