1
1
a; b
0
2
f .x/ D x 2
<7
bD
M
6x C a
m
f .x/
f .x/ D x
C
<
0
C
8 b2
m
C
M D
D
; mD
E
M D
F
; mD
E
0 0
4 a
B
Ca
0 9
G
M
2
Á2
A
6
6b C a
M D 13; m D 1
1 1
2 2
3 3
5 aC7
6 aC8
7 a
9 b 2 C 6b C a
a; b
aD
H
1
; bD
I
9
2
3
1)
x; y; z
xDyDz
A
xCy Dz
C
xCyCz D6
B
A; B; C
J
A
; B
KL
; C
MN
A \ B; B \ C; C \ A
A\B
B [C
O
; B \C
; C \A
P .B [ C /
P .B [ C / D
1)
P
dice
2
RS
TUV
Q
1
x
P D x
P
1 C x
2 C x
xDa
a
a
x
1 C x
2 C x
> x
a D
1 C x
2
xDa
yD x
yD
†
A
D
F
P
<
D
2
.x <
C
/
.
C
<
D
.
E
< x/
H
I
H
y
K
G
x
y
x
B
xC
1 C x
L
a
M
3
P
E
<
D
xDa
J
2
a; b
1)
2)
a; b
3
3a
`
2b D ` C 3
a; b
a D 3p; b D 3q
3)
p; q
`D
p; q
O
pq
R
pC
pC
Á
2)
3)
Q
qC
S
q
p; q
1)
p
Á
D
a; b
pD
U
; qD
V
aD
WX
; bD
Y
greatest common divisor
least common multiple
mutually prime(co-prime)
4
N
pq
D0
T
A
0 9
M
0
8
< x2
: ax 2
2x < 3
ax
xC1>0
A
B
Á
D
Á
F
C
ax
x
>0
0
x<
<
0
G
H
I
G
J
K
K
0 0
5
E
1
2
M
M
<
1 1
6
L
1
3
2 2
7
3 3
1
a
8
5
2
a
4
9
1
3
a
Y
†XOY
2
†XOY D 60ı
OZ
R
OX, OY
OADOBD 1
AB
Z
OX, OZ, OY
p
P, Q, R
A, O, B
1,
3, 2
O
3
PQR
1
ıı
O
t
Q
B
P, Q, R
X
P
A
1
OP, OQ, OR
A
OP D t C
q
4OPQ D
4ORQ D
q
q
; OQ D
E
q
H
t
J
K
tC
Á
L
M
tC
4
q
4PQR D
ˇ
ˇ 2
ˇ t Ct C
N
4
P, Q, R
t2
tD
O
t
Q
P
D
C
q
S
6
D
Á
I
tC
4
tC
Á
4
G
C
; OR D
F
t tC
4OPR D
3
B
R
O
ˇ
ˇ
ˇ
Á