1.

Contents

A trip through panama
A trip to China
Alstalia
An Essay on Mozambique
Angina Pectoris
Argentina
Arizona Concrete
Day, Richard. The Home Owner Handbook Oart through
the ages
Australia
Austria
avalanches
Barbados
Botswana
Brazil
Can the United States Justify the Civil War
Canada of the United States of America
Canadian Identity
Castles
Chad
Chile
china
chinas population problem
CHINESE OCCUPATION IN TIBET
CIrculation systems over China
Climatology

Colombia
commercial fishing
Confederation And Constitution of the United States
Contrast and Comparison
Copper and Molybdenum Deposits in the United States
Culture of France
Development
Philippines

by

ComparisonThe

United

States

&

Disasters
Dominican Republic
DRUGS
Economia de Japon
Ecuador
Effect of he Environment on Westward Expansion
Egypt
Enviormental Risk
Facts about China
Flint Michigan

Fossil Fuel Consumption CO2 and its impact on Global
Climate
Gabon An example for all of Africa
Galicia
geology of massif montgris
Germany
Go Ask Alice
Gorbachev and Perestroika
Guatemala
Guayana


History of Howe Caverns
History of The Marshall Islands
Hong Kong Immigrants in Vancouver Uneasy Partnership
how to prepare for a backpacking expiditiona
Hutus and Tutsis
Imperialism
India
Indonesia
Industry and the effects of climate in Italy
Invasion of Panama
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Isnt It Ironic The subject is english !
Israel & Paletine The presidential Brief
Israel
Italy
JAIL SUICIDES PREVENTION

Japan 3
Japan its culture
Jomo Kenyatta his life
Korea
Lassen Peak volcano
Law of Inverse Returns
Liberia
LINCOLN NEB
Locational Analysis of Boston Pizza


Malpractice or Poor Judgement
Man and Ocean
Medical Conditions in Auschwitz
Medival Medicine
Mexico 2
Mexico
My House
My Zambezi Valley
New Zealand
Newly Independant Nation
No Coins Please
non title as you want
Normadic Herding Sami
Nova Scotia 2
Nova Scotia
Nuclear NonProliferation in the Ukraine
Oceania
Oceanography
Overview of Italy

Panama Canal 2
Panama Canal
Parking Planning
planning of a town
Project
Pyramids
Quebec
Russia


Rwanda
South Africas Energy Outlook
Spain 2
Spain Essay
Spain
Study of a 3rd World Country Ethiopia
suomen kalliopera
Sustainable Development
Thailand
The 5 Themes in Geography
The Agriculture and Economics of Peru
The Arctic Tundra
The Chisholm Trail
The Colorado River
The Egnigma Of Atlantis
the forever shifting earth
The Industrial HeartlandMegalopolis
The Maori of New Zealand
The Namib Desert
The Philippines and the World Market

The Physical and Economic Geography Of Canada
The Population Solution
The principal problems now facing Mexico City
THE
RELEVANCY
OF
THE
HEARTLANDHINTERLAND DISTINCTION IN CANA
Top of Volcano Blown of in Blast!
Tour Of France


Ukraine
Under the files
Ural Mountains
Vietnam
We have an environmental crisis because we have a people
cris
What are the main contrasts to be found in Portugal
What I understand from term development
why koreans came to usa
World Demographic Development and Food Supply


2.

A trip through panama

Day 1:
We arrived at Omar Torrijos airport via American

Airlines early in the afternoon. We purchased our required
tourist cards (3 balboas, as US dollars are called in Panama) at
the airport, then caught a taxi for the 18 mile ride to our
downtown hotel. The ride in the battered, un-airconditioned
car was rather expensive (30 balboas), but the driver spoke
English and was very friendly. We arrived at the hotel and
checked in. While my dad was checking in I bought a
guidebook in the hotel lobby and read up on the history of
Panama City. The original city was founded in 1519 by Pedro
Arias Davila, known as Pedrarias the Cruel, because of his
eradication of all but three of the local Indian tribes during his
tenure in Panama. Davila used the city as a place to store
Incan gold before it was shipped to Spain. The original city
was sacked and burned in 1671 by a group of buccaneers led
by Henry Morgan. The city was rebuilt within a year, this
time on a peninsula 18 miles away and surrounded by a strong
wall. This old Spanish city is now the in the middle
downtown Panama City.
Panama City is an international melting pot and its
eating choices range from American fast food to excellent
internationall cuisine. Eager to begin our sightseeing, we
grabbed lunch at a nearby McDonald’s after checking in then
caught a bus. The buses in Panama are a tourist attraction in
themselves. They are brightly painted, hung with fringe, and
have constantly blaring Salsa and Caracas music playing.
They are cheap (50 cents a ride). but are very crowded. After
asking several drivers “Donde va este autobus?” we finally
found one going to the Plaza Independencia. This plaza is the
main square of the colonial town and is bordered on one side
by a cathedral with twin mother of pearl towers that took 108

years to complete. On two other sides it is bordered by the
Archbishop’s Palace, now a university and the Central Post


Office. While in the old part of Panama City we also visited
the Iglesia de San Jose and saw the Golden Aaltar. This altar
was in the original Panama City and was saved from Henry
Morgan’s pirates by a monk who painted it black to disguise
it. When we finished touring we returned to our hotel and then
ate dinner at El Pez de Ora, one of the city’ famous seafood
restaurants.
Day 2:
We woke early and headed out for a morning of
shopping at the Mercado Publico. I bought some jewelry and
some small wooden figurines as souvenirs, but when I asked
“Donde esta los sombreros de Panama?”, the vendor told me
Panama hats were made in Ecuador. The hat most commonly
worn in Panama is the “pita”, a narrow brimmed straw hat
with black and white stripes. The most important phrases to
remember when shopping in Panama are ” Cuanto cuesta
esta?” and ” Acceptas tarjetas de credita?” After shopping we
had Chinese food in one of the local restaurants.
After eating we went to visit Panama’s most
famous attraction, the Panama Canal. The Canal was
completed in 1914, and is considered one of the greatest
engineering feats in the world. We took a shuttle from our
hotel to the canal and then went on a 90 minute train ride all
the way across the isthmus along the canal. The railroad we
were traveling on was built in 1855 to transport ‘49ers who
were on their way to the California gold rush and was the first

“trans-continental” rail link. At one of the train stations we
got off and walked to the Miraflores Locks, sat on bleachers,
and watched the ships go through the canal. After our tour of
the Panama Canal we returned to our hotel to get ready for a
night of dinner and theater. We ate dinner at an Italian
restaurant then went to the Teatro National for a performance
of the Folkloric Ballet. The Folkloric Ballet features native
folk dances and costumes and was very entertaining.
Day 3:
We rented a car and left Panama City headed
southwest along the Pan American Highway. First we visited
the Parque Natural Metropolitana, a zoo on the outskirts of


Panama with monkeys, deer, sloths, and iguanas. We then
drove toward El Valle, about 75 miles away. El Valle is
located in the center of a dormant volcano. There we saw hot
springs, botanical gardens (with square trees which scientists
have been unable to explain!), and golden frogs found
nowhere else on earth. We continued down the highway
passing through the towns of Penonome, the geographic center
of Panama, and Nata, on of the oldest towns in Latin America.
The Interior of Panama is mostly farmland and grazing land
for cattle. We even saw some cowboys! At night we arrived
at Baquette, a village on the side of the dormant Baru Volcano,
where we spent the night.
Day 4:
We began our day by visiting Volcan Baru National
Park and taking a short hike to see the beautiful plants and
birds. The volcano is the highest point in Panama at 3475

meters. After our hike we ate lunch and then drove to Chiriqui
Grande where we dropped off our car. We then caught a ferry
to Bocas del Toro where we visited Bastimentos National
Park. The park has pristine white sand beaches where sea
turtles nest. The coral reefs off the coast are home to more
than 200 species of tropical fish. While there we also got to
visit caves containing the largest population of fruit eating bats
in the world! Later we went snorkeling of the coast of
Almirante Island where we spent the night.


3.

A trip to China

I went to China at 4th April, with my grandma and
grandpa. That day, we got up at 7 o*clock in the morning. We
went on the ship at 9:40am. When we reached China, we saw
our relation, they saw us and helped us to carry the luggage.
They are very kind to us.
After about 1 hour, traveled by car, we reached
home, it was about 1 o*clock, we were very hungry, they*ve
already cooked the lunch for us. After lunch, we walked
around in the village . When we back home, we chatted until
dinner was ready. There was on toilet there, so my grandpa
and me cannot eat more and more although all things were
very good.
After a terrible night, we went to another village.
We went in the bus about 3 hours, after we reached there, it
was about 4:30pm. I don*t think we could walked around the

village again. The house that we lived was designed by my
grandpa, we lived happily (very happy) there. -We had water,
Town gas, light, TV * * Oh, great!
We went back to Hong Kong at 8th. After a the tea
break at the pipe, we got onto the ship at 4:00pm. I thought I
was too full, I was seasick! We reached home at exactly 6
o*clock. My mom was already cooked the dinner for us. After
we enjoyed the dinner, I went back home. At home , I had a
hot bath that it was one of the best enjoys in my life.


4.

Alstalia

Australia is the world’s smallest continent and sixth-largest
country. With proportionately more desert land than any other
continent, Australia has a low population density. Lying
completely in the Southern Hemisphere, Australia is bounded
by the Indian Ocean on the west and south and by the Pacific
Ocean on the east. These oceans merge on the north in the
Arafura Sea between Australia and Indonesia and New
Guinea, and on the south in the Bass Strait. The coastline
length, estimated at 19,200 km (12,000 mi), is remarkably
short for so large an area, a result of the relative lack of
indentation.
Major inlets other than the Gulf of
CARPENTARIA and the GREAT AUSTRALIAN BIGHT are
few.
A self-governing member of the Commonwealth of

Nations, Australia celebrated its bicentennial in 1988z. It is a
federation of five mainland states (NEW SOUTH WALES,
QUEENSLAND, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, VICTORIA,
WESTERN AUSTRALIA) and one island state
(TASMANIA), as well as two territories (AUSTRALIAN
CAPITAL TERRITORY, NORTHERN TERRITORY). The
country’s name derives from the Latin terra australis incognita,
meaning “unknown southern land,” which resulted from a
confusion between Australia and Antarctica on early world
maps.
In many ways Australia is unusual among continents. It
lacks major relief features and has a high proportion of dry
land. The continent’s isolation from other landmasses accounts
for its unique varieties of vegetation and animal life, and for
the existence of a Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) culture among
the Aborigines. Except for Antarctica, Australia was probably
the last continent to be inhabited by humans and the last to be
explored and settled by Europeans. It is the only continent
comprising a single nation-state.


Dutch explorers first sighted Australia in the early 17th
century. Capt. James COOK explored the east coast in 1770
and claimed the land for Great Britain. In 1778 the first
settlement (SYDNEY) was founded at an excellent harbor on
the southeast coast. British convicts played an important role
in the territory’s early history. The discovery of gold and other
ores attracted immigrants, but Australia remained a primarily
agricultural country until World War II.
Subsequent industrialization has been rapid, and today

Australia ranks as one of the world’s most economically
developed countries, although vast areas of the interior, known
as the Outback, remain all but uninhabited.


5.

An Essay on Mozambique

The country I have picked for my project is Mozambique
in south Africa, and is
located near Zimbabwe, Namibia,
Its climate in January consists of a rainy season. The rains
last for about 190 days in
the north but only 120 days in the south. In the cool
season may to august temperatures
range from 16 deg c to 27 deg c (that is 60 dea to 80 dea
F). In the hot season august to
November temperatures range 28 deg c to 32 deg c (85 deg
f to 90 deg f ).
The country has a wealth of mineral resources , especially
copper ,lead, zinc , and coal .
Copper accounts for more than 80% of this countries
export earnings. The copperbelt
where four large copper mines and several smaller mines
are located is where most
mining takes place it lies north of lusaka along the Zairian
border . The many rivers near
the mines have valuable potential for hydroelectric power.
Its population is mostly black Africans who speak

BANTU. The national language is
english. Most people are Christians, traditional local
baliefs still have a strong hold on
the
village people. Also witchcraft and old customs such as
marrying several wives and


paying the parents for a bride are slowly dying out in the
towns. most children attend
elementary school. but only a fifth of them go to high
school. It only has one university
which was founded in 1965.
Corn is the main food .Also a favorite dish is nshima, a
thick porridge made from corn.
Facts about the country
People
Population : 8.745,284 m density: 12 persons per sq km.
Distribution: 43% urban , 57% rural.
Official language: English
Major religions: traditional, roman, Catholicism, and
protestian.
Education
Literacy: 81% of adult population.
Universities: 1
Life expectancy: women-59 men-55.
Government
Type:republic.
Government leader: Fredrick Chiluba.
Legislature: National Assembly.

Political subdivisions: nine provinces.
Communications
Railroads: 2164 kms total
Roads: 37359 kms total
Major airports: 1


6.

Angina Pectoris

Tropical Africa: Food Production and the
Inquiry Model
Hunger is the result of disasters such as drought, floods,
the
.changing of the jet stream patterns and other natural
disasters
.They are beyond our control
It has been estimated that one third of the land in Tropical
Africa is potentially cultivable, though only about 6% of it
is
,currently cultivated. However, to change farming from a
low-input
low-yield pattern to a high-input, high-yield pattern
necessitates
the use of more fertilizer and the planting of high-yielding
.varieties of crops
There are a number of environmental factors, related
mostly to
.climate, soils and health, resisting easy developmental

solutions
.Rainfall reliability is closely connected to rainfall quantity
The rainfall in the equatorial heart is very plentiful and
reliable. However, there is much less rainfall towards the
outer
edges of the rain belt. Periodic and unpredictable droughts
are a
.characteristic feature of these border zones


:There are three climatic zones in Tropical Africa
,1.a region of persistent rain at and near the Equator
2.a region on each side of this of summer rain and winter
drought, and
3.a region at the northern and southern edges afflicted by
.drought
All the climates listed in the previous paragraph are
modified
in the eastern parts of Tropical Africa by the mountains
and
.monsoons
The soils of Tropical Africa pose another problem. They
are
unlike the soils of temperate areas.
products of

Soils are largely

their climates, and tropical soils are different from
temperate

soils because the climate is different. Because of the great
heat
,of the tropics tends to bake the soils, while on the other
hand
the rainfall leaches them. The combined heat and moisture
tend to
produce very deep soils because the surface rock is rapidly
broken
down by chemical weathering. All this causes the food’s
rate of
growth to slow down or maybe even stop and as a result
food
production won’t even come close in catching up to the
rate of


.population increase; therefore starvation and hunger is
present
In the process of a flood and drought, the roots of trees are
shallow and virtually no nutrients are obtained from the
soil. The
vegetation survives on its own humus waste, which is
plentiful. If
the vegetation is cleared, then the source of humus is
removed and
the natural infertility of the soils becomes obvious. As
being
another factor, this will cause the soil to produce wasteful
and
.useless products which in turn will decrease the

production
To conclude this essay, the climates in Tropical Africa take
a big role as being factors that could endanger or destroy
the
process of plantation. On the other hand, it could also
bring good
.fortune if climatic regions are fairly good


7.

Argentina

Argentina
By: Chris Ojeda
Argentina is a South American country with a
population of thirty one million people. Argentina’s capital is
Buenos Aires, which is one of the largest cities in South
America. Buenos Aires is situated on the coast of Argentina,
which makes Buenos Aires a major trade route in Argentina
and in South America. Argentina’s national language is
Spanish and the major religion is Roman Catholicism.
Argentina is a country with much natural beauty. It
has miles of beautiful beaches and is also surrounded by the
majestic Andes mountains. The Andes mountains are among
the highest mountains in the world. Argentina’s tallest
mountain is the Cerro Aconcagua. This mountain reaches an
amazing height of 22,200 ft. America’s tallest mountain only
reaches the height of 20,000 ft.
Argentina has a huge industrial and agricultural

base. Argentina has a large amount of natural resources which
includes copper, silver, coal, iron ore, uranium and petroleum.
Argentina is the #1 copper producer in the world. Argentina
also produces huge amounts of coal and is self sustained in
petroleum products.
Argentina also grows much more food than it
consumes. Its main crops include wheat, tobacco and cattle.
Argentina ranks 3rd in the world among wheat exporters, right
behind the United States and Canada. Argentina is also one of
the largest tobacco exporters as well.
Argentina’s large industrial and agricultural base
makes it one of the richest countries in South America. With
its rich history and its beautiful mountains and beaches, not to
mention its wonderful Spanish culture, Argentina is a very
special place to visit in South America.



8.

Arizona Concrete

ARIZONA CONCRETE
John McCollam
Geology 101, Section 12262
Randy Porch
20 November 1996
ARIZONA CONCRETE
According to the Mine Faculty at the University of
Arizona, cement is manufactured primarily from suitable

limestone and shale rocks. Arizona had two dry-process
cement plants in 1969, namely the Arizona Portland Cement
Company plant in Pima County, near Tucson, and the
American Cement Corporation plant at Clarkdale, in Yavapai
County (52-53).
The use of cementing materials goes back to the ancient
Egyptians and Romans, but the invention of modern portland
cement is usually attributed to Joseph Aspdin, a builder in
Leeds, England, who obtained a patent for it in 1824.
Currently, the annual world production of portland cement is
around 700 million metric tons (Danbury).
Many people use the words concrete and cement
interchangeably, but they=re not. Concrete is to cement as a
cake is to flour. Concrete is a mixture of ingredients that
includes cement but contains other ingredients also (Day 6-7).
Portland cement is produced by pulverizing clinker
consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates along with
some calcium aluminates and calcium aluminoferrites and
usually containing one or more forms of calcium sulfate
(gypsum) as an interground addition. Materials used in the
manufacture of portland cement must contain appropriate
proportions of calcium oxide, silica, alumina, and iron oxide


components. During manufacture, analyses of all materials are
made frequently to ensure a uniformly high quality cement.
Selected raw materials are crushed, milled, and
proportioned in such a way that the resulting mixture has the
desired chemical composition. The raw materials are generally
a mixture of calcareous (calcium oxide) material, such as

limestone, chalk or shells, and an argillaceous (silica and
alumina) material such as clay, shale, or blast-furnace slag.
Either a dry or a wet process is used. In the dry process,
grinding and blending operations are done with dry materials.
In the wet process, the grinding and blending are done with the
materials in slurry form. In other respects, the dry and wet
processes are very much alike.
After blending, the ground raw material is fed into the
upper end of a kiln. The raw mix passes through the kiln at a
rate controlled by the slope and rotational speed of the kiln.
Burning fuel (powdered coal, oil, or gas) is forced into the
lower end of the kiln where temperatures of 2600°F to 3000°F
change the raw material chemically into cement clinker,
grayish-black pellets about the size of 1/2-in.-diameter
marbles.
The clinker is cooled and then pulverized. During this
operation a small amount of gypsum is added to regulate the
setting time of the cement. The clinker is ground so fine that
nearly all of it passes through a No. 200 mesh (75 micron)
sieve with 40,000 openings per square inch. This extremely fin
gray powder is portland cement (Kosmatka and Panarese 1215).
Dany Seymore of Show Low Ready Mix said that the
cement used by Show Low Ready Mix is trucked in by Apex
Freight Company and comes from the cement plant in
Clarkdale, Arizona, now know as Phoenix Cement. Their
aggregate comes from Brimhall Sand and Rock in Snowflake,
Arizona. Show Low Ready Mix uses Fly Ash from the A.P.S.
power plant just out side of Joseph City, Arizona, in their
cement. The mixtures they use are as follows:
Silicia Dioxide


Cement 21% Ash 62%


Aluminum Trioxide

Cement 4% Ash 23%

Ferric Oxide

Cement 3% Ash 6%

Calcium Oxide
3.5%

Cement 64% Ash

Mag. Oxide

Cement 2.5% Ash 1.2%

Sulfur Trioxide

Cement 3% Ash .2%

These combine to make:
1. Tricalcium silicate C3S
2. Dicalcium silicate C2S
3. Tricalcium aluminate C3A
4. Tetracalcium aluminoferrite C4AF

1 and 2 make up 75% of cement. 1 and 2 plus H2O equal
CSH (Calcium Silicate Hydrate) which is the glue. Fly Ash is
C3S plus C2S which equals Calcium hydrazide which is a
white stuff and water soluble. Calcium Hydrazide and Fly
Ash equal CSH.
The winter and summer mixtures are different due to the
weather conditions. For winter, Fly Ash is not used because it
inhibits the set time of the concrete. Also used is accelerators
to help the concrete set faster. A material called Fibermesh is
used in the concrete for reinforcement and to control cracking
as the concrete sets. Mr. Seymore also states that heat and
moisture are the main components to make concrete set up.
The concrete is mixed out of the plant into the truck so the
materials can be feathered together and mixed up properly.
The PSI ratings are determined by the mixture of sand,
aggregate, cement, water, and chemical additives that are
mixed together. The most common mixtures for residential
are 2500 to 3000 PSI.
Concrete cannot be delivered any where that is more than
90 minutes away from the batch plant, unless a chemical
inhibiter is used to put the concrete to sleep until it reaches the
sight of delivery. Then another chemical is added to activate
the concrete.


Show Low Ready Mix mixes approximately 25,000 to
30,000 cubic yards of concrete in Show Low per year. That is
only 70 to 75 percent of the total concrete poured in Show
Low. There are a few other companies that also handle the
Show Low area.

Concrete is basically a mixture of two components:
aggregates and paste. The paste, comprised of Portland
cement, (the term APortland cement@ pertains to a calcareous
hydraulic cement produced by heating the oxides of silicon,
calcium, aluminum, and iron.) Water binds the aggregates
(sand and gravel or crushed stone) into a rocklike mass. The
paste hardens because of the chemical reaction of the cement
and water.
The paste is composed of Portland cement, water, and
intrapped air or purposely entrained air. Cement paste
ordinarily constitutes about 25% to 40% of the total volume of
concrete. Since aggregates make up about 60% to 75% of the
total volume of concrete, their selection is important.
Aggregates should consist of particles with adequate strength
and resistance to exposure conditions and should not contain
materials that will cause deterioration of the concrete.
Aggregates are generally divided into two groups: fine and
coarse. Fine aggregates consist of natural or manufactured
sand with particle sizes ranging up to 3/8 inches; coarse
aggregates are those with particles retained on the No.16 sieve
and ranging up to 6 inches. The most commonly used
maximum aggregate size is 3/4 inch or 1 inch. A continuous
gradation of particle sizes is desirable for efficient use of the
cement and water paste.
For any particular set of materials and conditions of
curing, the quality of hardened concrete is determined by the
amount of water used in relation to the amount of cement .
Some advantages of reducing water content are: increased
compressive and flexural strength, lower absorption, increased
resistance to weathering, better bond between successive

layers and between concrete and reinforcement, less volume
change from wetting and drying, and reduced shrinkage


cracking tendencies. The less water used, the better the quality
of the concrete, provided it can be consolidated properly.
The freshly mixed (plastic) and hardened properties of
concrete may be changed by adding admixtures to the
concrete, usually in liquid form, during batching. Admixtures
are commonly used to: adjust setting time or hardening, reduce
water demand, increase workability, intentionally entrain air,
and adjust other concrete properties (Kosmatka and Panarese
1-2).
After completion of proper proportioning, batching,
mixing, placing, consolidating, finishing, and curing, hardened
concrete becomes a strong, noncombustible, durable, abrasionresistant, and practically impermeable building material that
requires little or no maintenance. Concrete is also an excellent
building material, because it can be formed into a wide variety
of shapes, colors, and textures for use in almost unlimited
number of applications.
Works Cited
ACement and concrete.@ The 1996 Grolier Multimedia
Encyclopedia.
CD-ROM. Danbury: Grolier, 1996.


9.

Day, Richard. The Home Owner Handbook
Oart through the ages


From stick figures in the sand and the earliest
animals painted and carved in stone, people worldwide have
reacted to the world by making images. The fundamental goal
of art, especially in the past, was to convey meaning and
express important ideas, revealing what was significant to
every society, by arresting images. In recognizing the subject
matter of any painting, you have to look at the artist’s
intentions, which are regularly connected to social conditions,
national or global issues and the demands of the public. To
avoid the pitfalls of judging all art by our own personal
experiences and subjective views, we have to learn the
background surrounding the artist when the work was createdthe social and historical conditions of the time and the
philosophical views which affected the way in which the artist
viewed the world. (Russell, 1984)
Art is as varied as the life from which it springs and
each artist portrays different aspects of the world they know.
Briefly, it may be said that artists paint to discover truth and to
create order. The creators of art make discoveries about the
wonders and beauty of nature and the dignity and nobility of
man. They give these concepts an order to help us understand
life in a greater depth. In understanding the history and style
of any period of art, we have to comprehend the balance
between social and political development of that particular
era. Within each and every period, development of style is
affected by a response to particular philosophies, social and
economic conditions, political and spiritual influences. World
Issues have been reflected in art throughout the ages, and this
premise is supported by three particular periods of time. This
is clearly evident when viewing ancient art, where symbolism

was an important part of society. Also, through the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, where art was a critical form of
expression and finally in the modern age of art where even in
looking into the works of individual artists, one can get a sense