hoangthihang khoa học cơ bản BMNN medicalterm digest cardio hoàng thị hằng SVY1 chính quy
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Word parts
Medical terms for the Digestive system
Medical Terms for Cardiovascular system
General Practice
A- Word parts
WORD PARTS
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Word root
Suffix
Prefix
Combining vowel, combining form
MEDICAL TERM
prefix
root
suffix
WORD ROOT
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Fundamental unit of each medical word
Establish meaning of the word
Ex: nephritis
Nephr/o: kidneys
-itis: inflammation
→ nephritis: inflammation of the kidneys
NOTE: The meaning of each medical term starts
from the ending part of the word (the suffix,
word root) then from the beginning (prefix, word
root) .
PREFIX
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Short word part added before a root
Modify root’s meaning
Express Time, Number, Location & Condition
Ex: Prenatal
Pre-: before
Nat: birth
-al: pertaining to
SUFFIX
• Short word part added at the end of a root
• Modify root’s meaning
• Express Condition, Surgical procedure. & Noun
ending
• Ex: gastrectomy
• Gastr: stomach
• -ectomy: removal
• → surgical removal of all/part of the stomach
Combining
vowel
COMBINING VOWELCOMBINING FORM
• Neur/o
• When a suffix beginning with a consonant is
added to a root→ a vowel (usually “O”, very
rarely “I”) is inserted between Root & Suffix
• Combining Form= Root + combining vowel
(neur/o; hemat/o)
• Ex: Neurology
• Neur/o: nerve
• -logy: study
• → the study of nerve problems.
NOTE
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Exceptions exist.
Observe as you work.
EX: endoscopy, dyspnea,…
Endo-: inside
-scopy: visual examination
(the root “scop: view” is embedded in the suffix
-scope, -scopic, -scopy)
→ endoscopy: visual examination of organs inside
the body.
EXAMPLE
1. dyspepsia
dys-: difficulty
Peps: digestion
-ia: diseased condition
→dyspepsia: condition of difficulty with digestion
2. Dysphagia
Dys-: difficulty
Phag: eating, swallowing
-ia: diseased condiiton
→ dysphagia: condition of difficulty with swallowing
3, dyspnea
Dys-: difficulty
-Pnea: breathing
→Condition of difficulty with breathing
4. Bronchoscopy
Bronch/o: bronchi
-scopy: visual examination
→ Visual examination of the bronchi
5. Endocarditis
Endo_: within
Cardi: heart
-itis: inflammation
→Inflammation of the lining (inside layer) of the
heart.
6. Radiograph
Radi/o: radiation
-graph: image
→ Image produced by radiation
7. Gastroenterologist
Gastr/o: stomach
Enter/o: intestines
-logy: study of
-ist: specialist
→The specialist of diseases in the stomach and the
intestines
8. Paratracheal
Para-: near
Trache: trachea
-al: pertaining to
→ Pertaining to parts near the trachea
B- The digestive system
Dent/o
Lingu/o
Gloss/o
Phagyng/o: pharynx
Or: mouth
Peps: digestion
DEFINE WORDS
dys
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Dys-: difficulty
-ia: condition
-al: pertaining to
-ectomy: excision
-itis: inflammation
-ist: specialist
ia
The condition of difficult digestion
DEFINE WORDS
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Dys-: difficulty
-ia: condition
-al: pertaining to
-ectomy: excision
-itis: inflammation
-ist: specialist
al
Pertaining to the mouth
DEFINE WORDS
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Dys-: difficulty
-ia: condition
-al: pertaining to
-ectomy: excision
-itis: inflammation
-ist: specialist
itis
Inflammation of the tongue
Hepat/o
Cholecyst/o
Gastr/o
Enter/o: small intestine
Col
Colon
Proct/o
Rect/o
An/o
DEFINE WORDS
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-cele: hernia
-megaly: enlargement
-tomy: incision
-scopy: visual examination
-pexy: surgical fixation
-logy: study
ocele
Hernia of the stomach
DEFINE WORDS
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-cele: hernia
-megaly: enlargement
-tomy: incision
-scopy: visual examination
-pexy: surgical fixation
-logy: study
omegaly
Enlargement of the liver
DEFINE WORDS
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-cele: hernia
-megaly: enlargement
-tomy: incision
-scopy: visual examination
-pexy: surgical fixation
-logy: study
otomy
Surgical incision into the gall bladder
DEFINE WORDS
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-cele: hernia
-megaly: enlargement
-tomy: incision
-scopy: visual examination
-pexy: surgical fixation
-logy: study
oscopy
Visual examination of the colon
