?

(

)
:

,

,

:

,

:

?

:

!

,
!

:
:

?
25

,

:

!

?

:

?

:

!

:

?

,

,
?

,

(


!
)

:

?

:
:
14 2

?
,

,

?


:
:
:

,

?

:

62754021


:

,

?

: 301
(

)
:

?

:
(

,
,

)

:

,

(

:


,

:

,

)

,
,

(

!

,

:
:

,

!

,

!

!

)
,

,
D -

!

rsh r k

N j nni n du d le ?

( Xi k y h u)
Ji f : B d , y q q d qi , h o m

?

B d : Zh n du buq , w d i d ng w m m de di nhu , j nti n sh w de sh ngri .
Ji f : Sh m

? Zh n sh ngri ku il

!

B d : Xi xie !
Ji f : N j nni n du d le ?
B d : D u rsh w l , b n d du le .
Ji f : N zh d o m
Bd :


? Xi zh u

h nde ?D ng

nn y gu sh ngri .

nn gu sh ngri de sh hou, z nmen k i ge xi oxi o de sh ngri w nhu ,

z nmey ng ?
Ji f : H o w

! Y o bu y o j nti n xi n w i n k i y ge ?

B d : B y ng le, xi zh u g n

nn y q r n o b

(Z i sh ngri w nhu sh ng, w nhu ji y o k ish le

!

)
1 43


Ji f : H i ch j f nzh ng ji d o b di n le . W ng P ng y ngg i l i le y !
L sh : T sh bu sh w ng le ?
nn : B hu b , t k n ng y u sh , y obu t hu zh nsh l i de
B d : Z nmen z i d ng t y hu r b .
Ji f : G i t d ge di nhu b .

B d : W l i d , t de di nhu h om r sh du sh o ?
nn : T s sh l u de di nhu sh li

r q w s l ng r y o .

B d : W w ng le, t zh j h o f ngji n l izhe ?
Ji f : s n l ng y o .
( B d b di nhu )
Ji f : T ng le m

?

B d : M iyou, zh n xi n .
( Y u r n qi o m n,

nn b m n d k i)

nn : W ng P ng, n k l i le . ( Xi ng B d

Ji f ) Bi d le, t l i le !

W ng P ng: Zh n b oqi n, w ch d o le, r ng n men ji d ng le .
Zh ng: M i gu nxi , w men p n b l i le ne .
W ng P ng:

h me r n o de sh , n n ng b l i !

nn , sh ngri ku il

! Zh sh g i n de


sh ngri l w .
nn :

i y , t i xi xie le !

( B d du W ng P ng shu )
Xi x ngq s n

nn gu sh ngri , w men xi ng w i t k i y ge xi oxi o de sh ngri w nhu .

Y oshi n i ti n w nsh ng n y u k ngr , y l i h w men y q w nrw nr b

!

Notes
1

(

)

:
,
,

,

(


)

:

:

,

:

Bot h adve rbials come before a verb or an adjective , forming t he negative .
(

) ( have not or did no t ) indicates a pas t action or s tate , for example :
."

( no t , won' t , not wan t t o ) indicates an action or state in t he

present or yet t o come , for example:

."

may also indicate a

gener al sit uation , for example :
"
:
14 4

"

,

"
,

:


No tice : When u sed by itself in reply of a ques tion ,
ins tead of

is used

:
(

2

or

) "

:
,

,

:

means ot herwise" , indicating a choice bet ween two situation s , such

as :
,

?
,

(

,
In t he tex t

) ,

:

, also

, mean s

if it is no t so " . If t he sit uation

men tioned earlier is not the case , t he following res ult or prob lem would ensue .
For in stance :
,
3

!

,


:
,

,

,

:
Pa rticle , used at t he end of a sentence or ques tion , indicating a past action or
s tate or t he r ecalling or questioning of some pas t sit uation . For ins tance :
?
4

?

:
,

:

is used for em phasis , for ins tance :

Exercise
,

:

Read the followi ng sen tences , make s ure w hich par ts t o str es s:

1


?

2

,

!

3
1 45


4

?

5

?

6

?

7

,

,

: Substitu tion drills :

(

)

1

2

?

3

(

)
,

:

Substitu te t he under lined par ts and t hen comp lete t he state men ts accordingly :

1

?

2

,


,
14 6

?


3

,

,

:

Make sure of t he use of t he dot ted phr ases , and produce a few more dialogues following
t he examp les:

1

:

?

:

,
:
:


2

,

:

?

:

?

:

,

:
:
3

,

:

?

:

,


:
:

,

:
4

?

:

?

:

,

:

,

:

,

,
? Fill in t he blanks with

1

2

(
(

or

:

)
)
1 47


3

(

)

4

,

5

(

6


(

)

(

)

!

,

)
,

:

Learn by hea rt t he following collocations and ext end t hem in to complet e sen tences :

1
2
3
4
:
Sit uational dialogue: Supposing Peter has reached Wang Ping on the phone in Dialogue 2

:

,3


:

?

:

?
!

:

,

?

?

,
,

!

,

,

!

:
:


,

!

,

!
: As k t he corresponding questions:

1

:
:

2

?
22

:

?

: 62754401
3

:

?


: 301
4

:
:

14 8

8

!

!

:
:

301

?

!


: O ral composition :

(

)


,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,

,

?

: T alk abou t t he follo wing s ubjects:

1

??

2

?


3

?

?

1 49


?

(

)
:

,

:
:

,

,

?

?

,


,

:
:

,

:

,

(

,

,

?

!

)
,

,

,
(


,
)

:
:
:
15 0

,

?
,

,
,

?


(

)
:

,

:

,


?

:
:(

)

(

)
:

?

:
:

?

:
:

?

:
(

,

,


)
:
:

,

:
:

?
,

!

:
:

,

,

,
,

:
D -

,


,

!

!
,

,

rsh s n k

!
L zh r y u du yu n ?

(z i xi oyu n li)
Ji f : Z nmen xu xi o x bi n y u zu sh n, f ngj ng b cu , n p guo m

?

nn : M i p guo, l zh r y u du yu n ?
Ji f : B yu n, d g i sh du g ngl , q z x ngch b n ge du xi osh ji d o le .
nn : Zh i j ti n ti nq t ng h o de .
Ji f :

u y y , w

xi ng zh um

z nmen d i di nr ch de h


de, q sh n sh ng y c n,

z nmey ng ?
nn : H o zh yi , zh n hu w nr de k ix n !
(

nn g osu L sh )
Xu xi o de x bi n y u zu sh n, f ngj ng b cu , l zh r y b yu n, q z x ngch b n ge

du xi osh ji d o le . Ji f ch le ge h o zh yi , shu zh i ge zh um d ish ng ch de h de,
1 51


d o sh n sh ng q y c n, n q bu q

(

?

nn q sh ngdi n m i ji oju nr)
nn : Q ng w n, n r m i ji oju nr ?

Sh uhu yu n: W ng l z u, y ubi n .
nn : Xi xie .
(Z i m i ji oju nr de gu t i qi n)
nn : Xi ojie, m i ge ji oju nr .
Sh uhu yu n: Zh r y u h o j zh ng, n y o sh nme de ?
nn : K d de .
Sh uhu yu n: ( K ile y zh ng pi o) Xi n q ji o y xi r qi n .


(Ji f h

nn z i q ch q y c n de l sh ng)

nn : Z nmen xi nz i sh w ng n i ge f ngxi ng z u ?
Ji f : B i .
nn : N b sh shu sh n z i x bi n m

?

Ji f : Sh z i x b i f ngxi ng .
nn : H i y u du yu n ?
Ji f : B yu n le, d o qi nbi n l k u w ng zu y gu i , ji n ng k nji n sh n le .
( D o le sh n xi )
nn : Z nmen b ch f ng z i zh r b .
Ji f : Bi d ng, xi n z i zh r g i n zh o zh ng xi ng .
nn : Zh r y u sh nme h o zh o de ?
Ji f :

g, b ij ng h o j le ! Y ,

r , s n, z og o, ji oju nr h i m i zhu ngsh ng ne !

nn : N zh i ge m d h , d o sh n sh ng z i zh o b
Ji f :

!

i , h i d i t ng n de . L i , d ngxi d u g i w b izhe b .


nn : H h , h n nsh ng y q ch l i w nr ji shi h o !

Notes
1

,

(

) :

?
) ?

?

:

?

2

?"
:

15 2

(

?


?" is elliptical for
M or e exam ples :

,
?" or
?" , etc .

?"


,
(

)

T he word
meaning

:

mean s wor t h" or

satisfactory" . It is a rhetorical ques tion ,

T her e isn't any scenery wort h taking a pictur e in ." Simila r sen tences :
,

3


:
:
Scatte rbr ain" : a ca reless and forgetful pe rson . For ins tance :
,

4

:
,

:

Meaning t o do as you say " . Ot her pronou ns or noun s can come in betw een
, for ins tance :

Exercises :
,

:

Read the followi ng sen tences , taking care of t he pau ses and t he int onation :

1

?

2
3
4


?

5
6

,
:
Decide whet her t he following state men ts a re t rue t o t he t ex t:

1
2
3
4

1 53


: Substitu tion drills :

1

(

)

2

?

,


3

,

4

?

5

,

15 4


,

:

Make sure of t he meanings of the dot ted phrases and produce simila r dialogues:

1

:

?

:
2


!

!

:
:

!
,
,

:

Think ou t , as many as pos sible, verbs w hich can be collocated wit h t he following nouns
and t hen ex tend each collocation in to a comp lete sentence:

(

)

(

)

(

)

(


)

(

)
: A nswer t he question s:

1
2

?

?

,

?

?

3

?

4

?

5


?
,

?
?

?
,

Fi nd a local map , locate a few places and in t roduce t hem to your clas smates .

: Words and expression s for u se

:

Or al composition : A happy t our

: Words and expression s for reference

1 55


? (7)

,

,

,

,

,

;

,

,
,

,

:

,

;

,

,
,

Do You Know ?

,

?


Directions and Culture

(7)

Common ly u sed localizers in the Chinese language ar e: east , west, sout h , nort h , up ,
dow n , left , righ t , ahead , back , inside, ou tside , cente r . As show n in t he following diagr am ,
in addition to the four basic directions , east , west , sou th , nor t h , t here a re four in termediate
dir ection s:

eastsou t h , east nor t h , westsou t h , westnor th " - - t heir w ord order irr ever sible .

In aski ng t he way , som e pr efer t o use ahead , back , left , righ t" , for exa mple :
turn righ t"
ample:

t urn lef t"

go ahead" and so on ; o thers pr efer to use east , west , sou t h , nor t h" , for ex

sou th side of t he st reet"

nor t h side of t he st reet" go west and t urn sou th " and so

on . A t t he ent rances and exits of t he Beijing Sub way ,
used t o indicate directions , for exa mple:

east , sou t h , west , nor t h " a re also

N ort h sou t he rn Exit"


West nor t hern Exit"

West

sou t hern Exit" and so on .
In addition t o indicating directions , Chinese localizers sometimes cont ain cert ain cu lt ur al
15 6


implications , for instance : By tr adition , t he Chinese value t he nor t h . The refore , the major
rooms i n t he t raditional Ch inese quadrang le (

) ar e always on t he nor t h side of t he cour t

ya rd wit h t he doors and wi ndows opening t o t he sou th ; When giving a t raditional banquet ,
t he host t oget her wit h the most senior or distinguis hed guests always sit at the nort h side of
t he table facing sou t h - - wit h the host on t he east side , t he guest on t he west side .
In your coun t ry , do localizer s cont ain any special m eanings ?

1 57


(

)
:

,

,


:

! (

:

,

:

)

,

,

,

:

,

:

,

,

:


,

,

(

?
,

?
,

)
,
,

(

,
)

:
15 8

,

!

?



:

,

?

:

?

:

?

,

:

,

:

,

,

,


:

,

:

?

?

:

,

?

,

:

,

,

,

:
D -

?


,

,

rsh s k

,

?
,

!

T y u c ngming y u y ngg ng

( Sh ng k qi n)
Ji f :
nn :

nn , zh sh sh ng c z nmen q y c n sh zh o de zh opi nr , zu ti n g ng x ch l i .
u i g i w k nk n ! ( K nle y hu r ) Zh i zh ng b cu , zh i zh ng y b cu .

Zh i

zh ng y udi nr b q ngchu .
Ji f : N t i o j zh ng b , x hu n n i zh ng t i o n i zh ng .
nn :

u t ng h o de, zh i j zh ng zu h o, w y o g i m m j q . B d pi n g i w b , w

z i q x j zh ng .

Ji f : H ode . Z nmey ng, m ny m

?

nn : M ny , xi xie n , Ji f . D ile, w d i g i n du sh o qi n ?
Ji f : Su nle, bi k qi , zh i shi w s ngg i n de, zh y o n m ny ji x ng le .

(

nn du L sh shu )
Ji f s ngg i w

de zh opi nr d u shi sh ng c p sh n sh t

g i w zh o de, n k n

z nmey ng ?W ju de zh i j zh ng d u b cu , m ngti n w y o b zh ixi j g i m m , l ngw i
z i q x j zh ng f ng z i z j de xi ngc l .

( Xi oyu n li)
L sh : W ng P ng, n h o ! H oji b ji n le .
W ng P ng: Sh

, h oji b ji n . Zu j n m ng m

L sh : H i k y . N b shi
W ng P ng:
L sh :


nn de f d o m

?

? Z nmey ng ? T sh ge h o xu sheng b

!

nn y u c ngming y u y ng g ng, j nb t ng ku i de .

shu j nl i sh ng k d u n ng t ngd ng le, k sh , y d o w ibi n ji t ng bu d ng le,
yu t ng bu d ng yu zh o j .
1 59


W ng P ng: Zh o j k b x ng, m nm nr l i b .
L sh : W y y u t ngy ng de w nt , b zh d o y u sh nme h o b nf
W ng P ng: N h i zh o sh nme j ? Shu de b sh t ng h o m

?

?

L sh : N l , n l , h i ch de yu n ne, w sh r nzh n de w n n ne, y u sh nme h o b nf
W ng P ng:

?

nf h n du , t ng l y n l , k n di nsh l , d u sh h o b nf , h i k y j ngch ng

zh o Zh nggu r n li oli o ti nr .

L sh : H o w , n w ji j ngch ng l i zh o n b , n k b x f n n

!

Notes
1

:
,
,

,

: V1 :

T he firs t

,
, V2 :

; V1

V2

, V1

V2


is indefinite and in a general sense , t he secon d

:
is def

inite , indicating t he preceding one t hat A nne likes . T here ar e two verbs in t he
sen tence patte rn : V1 :

, V2 :

; V1 is the condition of V2 and decides V2 .

For in stance :
(
:

)(

)

(n )

"

"

,

,


n i

,

:
Attention : When followed by a measure word or a numeral plus a measur e
word in spoken C hinese ,

is often pronounced as

n i . M ore exam ples in

simila r pattern :
"
2

"

:
,

:

informal , u sed when one s uddenly r emem be rs somet hing . For exam
ple :
,(
3

)


,

:
,
, informal ,

ins tance :
16 0

,
let it be" ,

:
s top fussing about" ,

leave it at t hat " . For


,
4

,

,

:

,

,


;

,
H u mble words , u sed as a polite r eply t o a com pliment , indicating declination
and modes ty ;

means I'm not as good as the you t hink . "

T he re's

s till a great deal to be expected ."
5

:
:
T he

in t he t wo sen tences indicates somet hing indefinite . For ins tance :
,
,

;
:

T he

here indicates reproach , disapproval .

wor ry ."


means :

mean s

T he re's not hing to laugh at ."

No t to

Stop laughing ." A

simila r sen tence patte rn :
,
6

(

!

!

):

Sentence patterns for listing or giving examples (
(1 )

:

):


:

" : a s tar te r preceding an exam ple :
,
(2 )

:

(

:

T he word
,

,

)
,

:

follows each of the item s lis ted , for example :
,

,

Exercises
,


:

Read the followi ng sen tences in correct i nt onation , be ca reful as to wher e to st res s:
1 61


1

!

2
3
4
5
6

?
: Substitu tion drills :

(

)

1

2

3

(


,

)
,

:

Substitu te t he under lined par ts and complete t he sentences:

1

16 2


2

,

3

,

4

,

5

,


6

7

,

?

,

?
1 63


,

:

Make sure of the meaning s of t he dotted phr ases and produce similar dialogues :
1

:

,

:
2

?


,

,

,

:

?

:
3

,

,

:

4

?

?

:

,


:

,

:

,
: M ake appropria te replies:

1

!

2

?

3

!

4

?
,

:

Fill in t he blanks with suitab le words or expr es sion s and learn t he passage by hea rt :


,
(
(

(
)

)

)

,

(

)

,(

)
,

1

?
,

:
in each of t he followi ng sent ences and read t he sent ence in


corr ect in tonation :

16 4

,

?

Make sense of t he w ord

3

)

,

,

2

(

?


4

?

5


?

,

!

6

?
,

,

?

Read the t hree dialogues and talk about what peop le in your coun t ry would often say in
reply to a complim en t .

1

:

!

:
2

:


!

:
3

!

:

!

:
4

:

!

:
:
A practice: Give a commen t on a phot ogr aphic exhi bition

:

,

Requir emen t s : Show and commen t on the mos t satisfact ory pictur es you have
taken and as k for commen ts from o thers .
: words and expr essions for r efer ence


:
Discu ssion : A good way to lea rn the Chinese language

: words and expr essions for r efer ence

1 65


(

)
:

,

?

:
:(

)

:

?

:

,


:

!

,

,

:
:

,

:
:

,

:

,
?

:
(

)
:
16 6


,

,

?