Chinese as Foreign Languaeg Series

ELEMENTARY SPOKEN CHINESE
Part One

by Dai Guifu Liu Lixin Li Haiyan
Translated by Cai Qingnian

PEKING UNIVERSITY PRESS


( CIP)
/

:

, 1997 10
ISBN 7 301 03526 8
H 195 4
CIP

:

(97)

(

19345

)

:
:
:
: ISBN 7 301 03526 8/ H

375

:
:

100871

:

62752015

62759712

62752032

:
:
:
787
1997
: 40 00

1092
10


16

17 875
1997

10

350


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D - y k

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N H o!


( K ixu d - y ti n, z i xi oyu n li )
Ji f : N h o !
nn : N h o !
Ji f : W ji o Ji f . N ji o sh nme m ngzi ?
nn : W ji o

nn .

(Z i ji osh li)
Ti n l osh : N men h o ! W x ng Ti n .
nn :
Ji f :

N n h o ! Ti n l osh !

Ti n l osh : ( Du Ji f shu ) N ji o sh nme m ngzi ?
Ji f : W ji o Ji f .
Ti n l osh : ( Du
nn : W ji o

nn shu ) N ne ?
nn .

(Z i ji osh w i)
W ng P ng: N men h o !
Ji f :
nn :

N h o!


Ji f : N ji o sh nme m ngzi ?
W ng P ng: W ji o W ng P ng .N men sh
nn : W sh

?

nn , t sh Ji f .

(Ji f du W ng P ng shu )
W ji o Ji f , t ji o
2

nn . W men d u sh li xu sh ng, w men de l osh x ng Ti n .


Notes
1 .

:
,
A greeting said when meeting someone for t he first time or coming across an

acquain tance . T he response is also
2 .

" .

:
,


:

U sed to ask someone for his or her full name , bu t not those older t han your
self or in a higher position . The answ er is

" or

" , usually

giving bot h t he surname and t he firs t name .
3 .

:
,
:
:

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In cer tain con text , the par ticle


can be added t o a noun or pronou n to

form an ellip tical question and t he in ter rogative word is omitted . For exam ple :
,

?"

form :
4 .

" means

?"

?" in t he con tex t

In t he plural

?"

(

):
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,

,


U sed to as k in a polite manner for the name and iden tity of someone you don
't know . T he word

should be dragged ou t .

Exercises
: P ronunciation Drills:

1

: Discriminate t he following syllables
o n

in ing

ei en eng
3


2

: One - syllab le drills :

n

nn

w

t


3

d u

x ng

ne

sh

ji o

: Two - syllable drills :

n h o

nnh o

w men

n men

l osh

m ngzi

: Read t he following sen tences in corr ect in tonation :

1


!

2

!

3

!

!

4
5

?

6

,

7

?
: Substitu tion drills :

1

!


2

3

,

4

4

?


5

: Choose t he correct answer s:

1

!
!
!
!

2

?

3


,

4

?

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,
: As k t he questions accordingly :

1

:

?

:
2

:

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5


:

Complete t he passages according t o your real situation :

!

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Int roduce yourself to your clas smates in four sent ences .

? (1)
,
W ng

L

M

Zh o

Q

Li

Zh u

Zh ng

Y ng


uy ng

:
G o

,

Sm
,

,

Qi n

,

D ngf ng
,

Zh ng

Gu

Ni

,

:

Sh nggu n


:

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,

Do You Know ?

(1)

Chinese Names

Ch inese surna mes a re mostly one - char acte r names . The most common ones are Zhang ,
Wang , Li, Zhao, Qian , Liu , Zhou , Zheng , Gao , Guo , Niu , Ma , Qi, Yang and so on .
T her e a re also tw o - cha ract er surnames called compound surna mes . The common ones a re
O uyang , Sima , Dongfang , Shangguan and so on . In Chinese na mes , the s urna me always
comes first and the first na me second , for example,


Zhang Lan " ,

Li Weidong" . Peop le a re

given one - char acter names as well as t wo - cha racter na mes , for example,
Zhao Da ming" ,

O uyang Yuqing" . . . Childr en ar e of ten given pet na mes , mostly composed

of reduplicated char acte rs , such as Mingming" ,

Lanlan" . . . or wit h t he w ord

ceding the last word of t he na me, such as Xiaoqi ng " ,
ingfu l char acter s for nam es .
6

Wang Ping " ,
xiao" pre

Xiaoming " . People of ten use mean


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Xi nz i j di n le ?

(Z i l sh ng)
B d : Z osh ng h o !
nn : Z osh ng h o !
B d : N ji o sh nme m ngzi ?
nn : W ji o

nn . N ne ?

B d : W ji o B d .N sh n i gu r n ?
nn : W sh Y nggu r n . N sh M igu r n m

?

B d : B , w sh F gu r n .

(B d h

nn zh ng shu zhe hu , Ji f z u gu l i)

nn : Ji f , N h o !
Ji f : N h o !

nn ! T sh sh i ?

nn : T sh B d .
Ji f : N h o, B d


! W ji o Ji f

B d : N h o ! N sh M igu r n b

!
?

Ji f : Du . N z i j b n ?
B d : Y b n . N men ne ?
nn : W z i r b n .
Ji f : W y z i r b n .
B d : Xi nz i j di n le ?
nn : Li ng di n le, g i sh ngk le . Z iji n ! B d !
( B d shu )
W sh F gu r n,

nn sh Y nggu r n, Ji f sh M igu r n . W z i y b n, t men z i

b n . W men li ng di n sh ngk .
8

r


Notes
1

:
(


(

)

)

,

,

(

)

A greeting us ually exchanged in ea rly morning befor e 9 am ;
(

)

" a re sometimes said , too ; T he answe r is also

(

)

" .

2

"


" or
" or

:
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,

,

:

is a par ticle used to end and form a question or a gues s . For example :
?"

?"

3

?"

: T he expression of cardinal nu mbe rs wit hin 100 :

one, two , t hree , four , five , six , seven , eigh t , nine , ten , eleven , t welve ,
thirteen , fourteen , fifteen , sixteen , seven teen , eigh teen , nineteen , t wen ty ,
twent y - one , t wen ty - two , . . . t hirty , t hirt y - one ,

. . . thirt y - nine , forty ,


. . . fift y , . . . ninet y - nine , a hundr ed .
4

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2,
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T he word s

and


one two t hree four .
",
example :
5 .

bo th mean t wo . While

is used in cou nting :

mus t be follow ed by a measure word , such as

" . But in two digit nu meral s ,
",

",

is often used ins tead of

",
, for

" .

: Telling t he time :
9


1


00

1

05

1

15

1

30

1

45

1

55

one o'clock
(

) five pas t one ( one five )

(

) a quarte r pas t one ( one fifteen )


(

) half past one ( one thirt y)
(

)(
(

) one fort y five ( quar ter to t wo)
)(

) one fifty five ( five to t wo)

Exercises
: Exercises on pronunciation :

1

: Discriminate t he following syllables :
i n

ng eng

2

uo ui

e er


: One - syllab le drills :

j

di n

r n

3

y

m

b

b

sh i

d u

z i

b n

y

r


n

n i

: Two - syllable drills :

xi nz i

l osh

4

F gu

z iji n

? Listen and tell which tr anscrip tion is cor rect :

yb n

t men

M igu

li xu sh ng

F gu

yb n


t men

M igu

li xu sheng

F gu

yb n

t m n

M igu

li xu sh ng

F gu

sh nme

j di n

l osh

w men

n ne

sh nme


j di n

l osh

w men

n ne

sh nme

j di n

l osh

w men

n ne

5

: A tongue t wis ter

s sh s ,

,

sh sh sh ,

,


sh s sh sh s ,

,

s sh sh s sh .
s sh b shi sh s ,
sh s b shi s sh
10

,


:
Read the followi ng sen tences in correct i nt onation :

1

!

2 .

?

3 .

?

4 .

?


5 .

?

6 .

?

7 .
8 .

?

9 .
10 .

!
: Substitu tion drills :

1 .

!

2 .

3 .

?


4 .
11


5 .

: Choose t he correct answer :

1 .

?

2 .

?
,

3 .

?

4 .

?

: Complet e the dialogues accordi ng t o t he pictur es:

1 .

:

12

?


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2 .

:
3 .

:

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:
4 .

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: M ake conversation s following the exa mple :

:

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Complete t he following passage according to your ow n sit ua tion :

!

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Int roduce yourself again using the expressions in Lesson One and T wo

: A ga me of coun ting :

,
(

),

,
7

7

,
,

All t he s t uden t s sit in a circle . One of t hem chooses and says a n umeral under
10 . T he nex t st udent sitting at his righ t side says t he following nu me ral . Each
saying a numer al , t he s t uden t s go on coun ting ( wit hin 100) in t urn . Anyone who
comes t o a nu me ral wit h 7 or a multiple of 7 m us t clap ins tead of saying it . Who
14


ever makes a mistake has t o sing a song as a for feit and t hen r es tart t he game from
a numeral u nder 10 while incr easing t he speed . T his game helps the s tuden ts im
prove t heir counting s kill and speed .

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D - s nk

Sh t ng z i n r ?

(Z i xi oyu n li )
nn : Q ngw n, zh sh ji oxu l u m

?

Gu l r n: B , zh sh b ng ngl u, n sh ji oxu l u .
nn : Xi xie .
Gu l r n: B xi .
(Z i ji oxu l u li )
nn : Q ngw n,

r b n de ji osh z i zh r m

?


Y xu sheng: Du , ji z i zh r .
nn : Xi xie n .
Y xu sheng: B y ng xi .
(Z i xi oyu n li)
Sh nxi : Q ngw n, li xu sh ng sh t ng z i n r ?
Gu l r n: Z i n ibi n .
Sh nxi : n ibi n ?
Gu l r n: Li xu sh ng s sh de p ngbi n .
Sh nxi : Xi xie .
(Z i ji oxu l u li )
Ji f : Q ngw n, c su z i n r ?
Y xu sheng: Z i zh ige ji osh de p ngbi n .

, b du , z i n ige ji osh de p ngbi n .
17


Ji f : Xi xie .
Y xu sheng: B k qi .

(

nn shu )
Zh sh w men de xu xi o . W men de xu xi o h n d . Zh

sh b ng ngl u, n

sh

ji oxu l u . Li xu sh ng sh t ng z i s sh de p ngbi n .


Notes
1 .

:
,

:

U sed to inquire about somet hin g in a polite way , for exam ple :
,

?

2 .

,

?

:
All u sed in t he same way in r esponse t o

3 .

" .

:
,


,

,

,

:
T he word

means exactly or pr ecisely here . It pr ecedes t he verb

for

emp hasis . For ins tance :
?
4 .

:
,

,

,

Read in the four th tone , the exclamat ory
s tanding , for exam ple :
,

,


Exercises
: Exercises on pronunciation :

1 .
18

: Disc riminate t he syllables :

:
indicates realization or under


xie xue

gong yong

2 .

b n bi n

d ng t ng

hen wen

xi o ji o

: Drills on the syllables wit h a ret roflex ending :

zh r


n r

y di nr

n r

y hu r

y nj ngr

b ngg nr

y ku ir

: List en and r ead :

Chu ng qi n m ngyu gu ng,
Y sh d sh ng shu ng .
J t u w ng m ngyu ,
D t u s g xi ng .
,

:

Read the tw o groups of dissyllabics , paying a tten tion t o w her e t he accent falls:

1 .

Accen t on t he first syllable :


2 .

Accen t on t he second syllable :

:
Read the followi ng sen tences in correct i nt onation :

1 .

,

?

2 .

,

3 .

?

4 .

?

5 .
6 .
7 .

(


)

8 .
:
S ubstit u te the unde rlined par ts followi ng t he examples .

1 .

:

,

?

:
19