Tài liệu TEST DRIED FOOD ppt
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TEST
DRIED FOOD
Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it
and that the easiest way to dot his is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way, the North
American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and make into cakes),
the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and “apricot leather”.
All food contain water cabbage and other leaf vegetables contain as much as 93% water,
potatoes and other vegetable 80%, lean meat 75% and fish anything from 80% to 60%
depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activities of the bacteria which
cause food go to bad is checked.
Food is sun dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and
also in California, South Africa and Australia. The methods used vary, but in general, the food
is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears,
peach, apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulphur before drying. Plums, for making
prunes, and certain variety of grapes for making raisins and currants, are dripped in an
alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the foods slightly and remove their wax
coating, so increase the rate of drying.
Nowadays, most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such
dehydration is to put the food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperature is
about 110 Celsius at entry to about 43 C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such
things as vegetables, mint meat, and fish.
Liquid such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over the
heated horizontal steel cylinder or by spraying them into a chamber through which a current
of hot air passes. In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as the thin film
which is then broken up into small, those still relatively coarse-flakes. In the second process, it
falls to the bottom of the chamber as the fine powder. Where recognizable piece of meat and
vegetables are required, as in soup, these ingredients are dried separately and then mixed.
Dried food take up less room and weigh less than same food packed in can of frozen,
and they do not need to be stored in special condition. For these reasons, they are in valuable
to climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also
popular with housewives because it takes little time to cook them. Usually it is just the case of
replacing the dried-out moisture without boiling water.
1- The open-air method of drying food
a.-is the most commonly used today. c-has been known for hundreds of year
b-was invented by the American Indians d-tends to be unhygienic.
2-The water content
a-does mot vary from food to food c-is greater in fish than in vegetables
b-is greater in vegetables than in lean meat. d-has never been accurately calculated
3-Bacteria which cause food to go bad
a-cannot live in sunlight
b-are killed by drying.
c-are in no way independent on the water content.
d-have their activity greatly reduced by drying.4
4.Fruit is sun dried
a-always by the same method. c-in every country in the world
b-generally on trays d-by spreading it out under glass panels.
5-Sulphur fumes are used before drying some fruit
a-to dry them more quickly c-to prevent the skin from cracking
b-to preserve their color d-to kill off bacteria
6-Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried
a-on horizontal cylinders c-in the sun and wind
b-in hot-air chambers d-using the tray methods
7-Powdered coffee is made
a-by spraying the liquid over a cylinder c-in the same way as minced meat
b-in one or two different ways d-by passing through a grinding machine
8-If soup requires recognizable pieces of meat, they are
a-treated separately
b-allowed to fall to the bottom of the drying chamber
c-mixed in later as fine powder
d-sold separately in sealed plastic bags
9-Dried foods
a-are often packed in cans frozen
b-are used by soldiers and climbers
c-need more storage space than soldiers usually have available
d-are much cheaper than canned or frozen products
10-Housewives like dried foods because they
a-are quickly to prepare
b-taste better
c-can be preserved by boiling in water
d-look fresh and appetizing when cooked.
II.-Fill in each of the numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word
Millions of Americans ………….. (1) college students, businessmen, workers and
especially retired people are now living ……….. (2) wheels. Their mobile homes are trailers
which are ingeniously made with the ……….. (3) conveniences as those in fixed houses.
These trailers also larger living rooms, bedrooms, kitchens, heating units and even air ……….
(4). Besides, they are supplied …………. (5) running water, electricity and telephone. Many
of them are expandable. When they are ready ………. (6) toeing , their sides are pushed in
towards these others, thus making them narrow …………. (7) to fit the high way. When they
are packed, they can be opened wide again to make more floor ……….. (8). They are moved
by towed trucks to mobile-home parks ………….. (9) there are also clubhouses, swimming
pools, restaurants, markets and even beauty ………. (10) as in small towns.
There are about 18.000 mobile-home parks on the United States. The people living in
these parks called ………….. (11) “park dwellers”. Park dwellers can move ……….. (12)
will from one park to another, but most of them are loyal to their communities. They all enjoy
the freedom and neighborhood of their new life.
Mobile-home living is economical ………………. (13) the purchase of trailers can be
…………….. (14) by installment. It is regarded a permanent American …………… (15) of
life.
III- Choose the best answer
1-Her business must be going rather well, …………… by the car she drives.
a-deducing b-deciding c-inferring d-judging
2-My cousin obviously didn’t ……….. much of an impression on you if you can’t remember
meeting her.
a-create b-do c-make d-build
3-I was kept awake for most of the night by the ……….. of mosquito by my ear.
a-buzzing b-moan c-groan d-screech
4-“You must return with the treasure before the cock …………. tomorrow morning” warned
the witch.
a-growls b-roars c-crows d-croaks
5-The …………. of church bells means that a wedding is taking place in the village.
a-howling b-strumming c-rustling d-pealing
6-He drove to the side of the road when he heard the ……… of the sirens.
a-wailing b-crackling c-horning d-purring
7-He heard the …………. of thunder in the distance.
a-trembling b-hissing c-rumbling d-droning
8-The horse………….. when the jockey hit it with the whip.
a-brayed b-bleated c-growled d-neighed
9-Tom was awakened by the …….. of the wind.
a-buzzing b-swishing c-howling d-grunting
10-Although now ………….. to Africa and South America, yellow fever is still deadly.
a-limited b-limit c-limiting d-is limiting
11-Largely through he work of the World Health Organization, most developed countries
have brought malaria …….. control
a-in b-below c-to d-under
12-New York hotel is expensive , they ……….. you 300,000 dong a day.
a-price b-cost c-take d-charge
13-“Were any of these questions difficult?”
“Yes, look at ………..”
a-three item b-item third c-three’s item d-the third item
14-A ……… man has been sitting near the gate for an hour.
a-suspicion-looking b-suspicious-looking c-suspected-looking d-suspiciously-looking
15-Yesterday we did nothing but ……….
a-talk b-talking c-talked d-had talked
