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<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE LjCH Sir DANG </b>

<b>GIAO DUC SAI HOC O Ml EM BAC </b>

<b>GIAI SOAM 1954 -1975 </b>

<i>..'j;% </i>

<b>NGO VAN HA </b>

S

au Hiep djnh Gioneva (7-1954), dit nude
tam tiidi chia lam hai mien vdi hai che dp
ehinh tti khae nhau. Dang lanh dao nhan din tiiuc
Men hai cMen luge: cleh mang XHCN d mien Bae
vl each mang dan tdc din chii nhan dan d mien
Nam. Xay dyng CNXH, Dang ta da de ra dudng ldi
xly dung nen gilo due dai hoc (GDDH), hudng vao
phuc vu kjp tiidi nhiem vu each mang. Tir nam 1954
den nam 1965, GDDH, dIo tao can bp chuyen mdn
phuc vu eho cdng cupe ban gan vet tiiuong cMen
ti-anh, khdi phuc kinh te, d i tao XHCN va ke hoach
5 nam lan tiiir nhit; til nam 1965 den nam 1975
chuyen hudng tiep tuc day manh qui md, nang cao
chat lugng, ttue tiep tiiam gia phuc vy san xuat va
chien dlu.

Qua hai muoi nam (1955-1975), GDDH da dao
tao duge 'hon 8 van can bd dai hgc gan du d e nganh
nghe chu yeu, d n titiet cbo viec xay dyng dit nude"',
giai quyet dugc mdt budc tinh ttang titieu ngMem
ttpng ve d n bd chuyen mdn so vdi 20 nam ttudc.
Duge dIo tao dudi mli ttudng XHCN, ren luyen

frong phong ttao dch mang cua quan chung, nhat II
ttong tiidi ky chdng My, ciiu nude diy cam go, khdc
liet, da sd d n bp "ttung tiianh vdi Td qude XHCN, tin
ttrdng tiiyet ddi vao su lanh dao eiia Ding, phit huy vai

* Trudng Dai hgc kinh te Da Ning

tia tt'ch eye va sing tao ttien d c llhh vyc san xuit, cMen
diu, giang day, ngMen cim"^ vl cd khi nang tii luc gjai
quyet cd Meu qua nMeu van de khoa hpc vl ky tiiuat
phire tap, phuc vu kinh te, qude phdng, giao tiidng van
tai - nhung vln de ma ttudc dly chiing la phii nhd vao
sy giiip dd ciia d c chuyen gia nude ngoli.

GDDH mien Bac khdng cM dIo tao ngudn nhin
lye phuc vu sy ngMep xay dyng CNXH mien Bac,
ml mdt bd phan lye lugng d n bg gilo vien vl sinh
vien da len dudng chien dlu tt^en cMen trudng mien
Nam. Tir nam 1961 den nam 1975, qua 29 dgt dieu
dgng, mien Bae "dua gan 3.000 gilo vien vao mien
Nam"^. Nam 1972 cd "2.714 tiiay gilo vl sinh vien
ciia d c ttudng dai hgc" nhap ngii len dudng vao
Nam danh giac. NMeu ngudi ttong sd hg da de lai
phan xuong mau hoac mai mai yen ngM noi cMen
ttudng. Tinh rieng lye lupng nha giao da cd "621
nguoi hy sinh"*. GDDH miin BIC da dao tao ra till
he sdng cd ly tiidng, cd hoai bao, sin sing Min ttidi
tiianh xuan cho sy ngMep giii phdng din tdc nhu l i
Anh Xuin, Dang Thuy Tram, Nguyen Van Thac...
Dd la nhirng tam guong frong mudn ngln tim guong

ciia tiie he fre Viet Nam frong tiidi ky khang chiln
chdng My, ciiu nude.

Hai muoi nam, he tiidng fruong dai hgc da dugc
xly dyng va phat ttien manh. Din nam 1975, da cd
41 ttudng, ldp, phan Meu dai hgc, gip 10,3 lln so vdi

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<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE UCH SU DANG </b>

nam 1955^ Nam hgc 1974-1975, tdng sd sinh vien
tijyen mdi la 12.025 ngucd, gap 18,6 lan so vdi nam
hpc 1955-1956; tdng sd sinh vien dugc dao tao tai d c
tiudng la 55.701 ngudi gap 47 lan so vdi nam hpc
1955-1956^, dIo tao 23 nhdm nganh tiiudc d c Dnh
vuc khoa hpc ca bin, cdng ngMep, ndng - lam - ngu
ngMep, kinh te tii chinh su pham ngoai ngir, y dugc,
tiie tiiao, van hoa nghe tiiuat. Nam hgc 1971-1972, d c
tiudng dai hpc dao tao duge 13.242 ngudi'. Hinh tiiu'c
dao tao rat da dang: chinh qui, tai chiic, chuyen tit, md
ldp dem, hpe theo binh tiiirc giri tiiu, dao tao ttong
nude, dao tao ngoli nude. Thdi gian nay da xuat Men
"mdt sd ttudng va khoa dai hpc tien tien"*. Nhimg don
vj tien tien dd da "dao tao ra nhiing ldp d n bp khoa
hpc - ky tiiuat va ngMep vu mdi, gan bd vdi nhan dan
lao dpng va biet phat huy tae dung ndng cdt ttong tiiyc
tien san xuat va cdng tic"'.

<i>GDDH da thicc hien tot difdng loi ddo lao cdn bg </i>

<i>chuyen mon cita Ddng, tiiyc Men quyen duge di bpc </i>

cua mdi cdng dan, song dae biet chu y den tiianh
phan CO ban, con em nhan dan lao dpng, gia dinh cd
cdng vdi nude. Nam hpc 1974-1975, cd 43.014 sinh
vien he dai han tap ttung tiieo hpc tai cac tiudng dai
hgc, ttong dd "sinh vien nii cMem 40%; sinh vien
din tgc it nguoi cMem 4%; sinh vien que mien Nam
chiem 5,10%; can bp, bp dpi cdng nhan vien di hgc
cMem 18,90%; con gia dinh cdng nhan cMem
11,5%; eon gia dinh ndng dan lao dpng cMem
63,3%"'". Mac dii cdn rat nMeu kho khan va titieu
thdn, song Dang va Chinh phii bet sire quan tam den
ddi sdng sinh boat va dieu kien hpc tap ciia sinh vien.
Tat cl sinh vien dai hpc deu binh ding ve d e quyen
lgi, dugc miin phi hoan toan, dugc quyen sir dung
bao chi, tai lieu hgc tap, kham chiia benh dugc phan
cdng cdng tie khi ra tiudng.

Vdi chu tiuong dao tao giao vien di tiudc mpt
budc, dpi ngu can bp giang day cac ttudng dai bpc
khdng ngimg tang ve sd lugng va tiing budc nang

cao chat lugng. NMeu bien phip xay dung ddi ngii
d n bd giang day d bac dai hpc dugc tiiuc Men, frgng
dung til tiiirc-nhan tii, sdm dua ngucri di dao tao d
nude ngoli, tiiyen chgn giao vien gidi d d p dudi va
d c chuyen gia gidi d d c ca sd san xuat, giir sinh
vien tdt ngMep loai uu tii xult sac ciia d c ttudng bdi
duang de ttd tiianh giang vien dai hpc. Nam hpc
1974-1975, cin bp giang day d d c ttuong dai hpc

len tdi 8.650 ngudi. Ty le tiung binh giira sd lugng
d n bp giang day va sinh vien dai hpc II1/7. Ty le
can bd giang day cd hpc ham, hpc vj, dat tiinh dp cao
ve khoa hpc vl kinh nghiem giang day tang len rd'
ret. 0 d p dai hgc "cd 770 d n bp giang day dat ttinh
dp tien si va phd tien si, cMem 8,9% (nam hgc 1965
-1966 ty le nay la 2,8%). Sd da qua tiicri ky tiiyc tap
sinh sau dai hpe la 263 ngudi, cMem 3,04%. Sd
giang day tten 10 nam chiem 20,40%"".

Vdi tinh tiian tan tiiy, ti-ach nhiem, dpi ngii can bp
giang day khdng ngimg phan dlu nang cao chat
lugng toan dien, tiiudng xuyen cai tien phuong phap
giang day, chuong ttinh, npi dung, tiep can vdi ttinh
dp khoa hpc, ky thuat tien tien cua tiie gidi de giii
quyet nhung van de tiiyc tien Viet Nam. Thdi ky
1954-1965, npi dung chuong tiinh dugc d i tien tiieo

<i>bdn tinh (tinh tu tirdng, tinh khoa hpc, tinh tiiyc tien, </i>

<i>tinh su pham) va ba hod (chuyen mdn hoi giao tiinh </i>
CO bin, Viet Nam hoa gilo ttinh chuyen nganh tinh
gian boa npi dung); tiidi ky 1965-1970 II phuang
<i>cham ba nhdt (co bin nhat, hien dai nhat, Viet Nam </i>
nhat). Dpi ngii d n bp giang day ddng vai ttd to Idn
frong viec phat tiien nen GDDH Viet Nam. Trong
khang cMen chong My, "dpi ngii giao vien da tilng
bIm sat sinh vien, lan ldn ngoai tien ttiyen, frong san
xuat de hpc tap, ren luyen va phuc vu, da kien cudng
xly dung va phit tiien he tiidng dai hpc xa hpi ehii

ngMa Viet Nam dudi dan bom ae lief'l

Bam sat tiiyc tien cudc sdng, cdng tac nghien cim
khoa hgc d d c tiudng dai hgc dugc diy manh. Sd

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<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE LICH Sir OANG </b>

lugng de tii ngay mdt nMeu, linh vyc ngMen ciiu
ngay mdt rdng, qui md ngiy mdt ldn. NMeu de tai
khoa hpc cd gii tii ly luan va tiiyc tien, dugc cdng bd
fren cac tap chi uy tin frong, ngoai nude va frong d c
hdi ngM khoa hgc.

Trong qui tiinh xay dyng vl phat tiien, GDDH
<i>tiiuc Men md rpng qui mo gdn v&i viec ndng cao chdt </i>

<i>lugng ddo too lodn dien, dIo tao tiie he tre vira cd </i>

pham chat dao du'c dch mang, -vira cd nang lye
chuyen mdn, ttd tiianh ngudi ke tiiua ximg dang sy
nghiep each mang. Phong tiio tM dua "hai tdt" (day
tdt, hgc tdt) phat dpng til nam hpc 1961-1962 lien tue
phat tiien, ngay dng di vio cMeu sau, xuat Men
nhieu td, ldp, tiudng XHCN. Tinh rieng nam 1973,
nganh Dai hpc va Trung hpc chuyen ngMep dugc
Thil ttidng Chinh phii tt-ao tang "38 huan chuong d c
loai va 37 bang khen. Trong sd nhung tap tiie, cl
nhan duge tiiudng huan chuong, cd 9 ttudng dai hgc,
3 khoa, 8 bd mdn, 8 can bg giang day tiiudc 8 tiudng
dai hpc"' . Day II nhirng don vj sang tao, tich luy

nhieu kinh ngMem qui blu, khdng ngimg nIng cao
chat lugng giao due dIo tao, phat tiien sy ngMep giao
due tiieo qui md ngay cang ldn.

Thanh ti^u tiong 20 nam xay dyng va ttudng
tiilnh cua GDDH da tao ra "mdt chuyen bien ldn
frong nen giao due dlt nude, tao nen tang cho budc
phat ttien cao hon sau nay"'^.

Ben canh nhimg tiianh tiiu tten, GDDH cdn bdc
Id nhirng van de tdn tai, yeu kem.

Dang d p ciia he tiidng GDDH cdn tiiap, d c
ttudng dai hpc "cdn yeu ve cIc khau: dao tao vl bdi
dudng d n bp quan ly; dao tao can bd ky tiiuat va
nghiep vu cd nang lye tiiyc hinh gidi; dIo tao va bdi
dudng d n bd khoa hpc cd ttinh dp cao"'l

Su ngMep giao due dIo tao ndi chung vl GDDH
ndi rieng "phat ttien nhanh ve sd lugng, nhung cdn
yeu ve chat lugng toan dien"'^, cdn nhieu ban che ve
muc tieu, ngi dung, phuong phip dIo tao, nMeu

tiudng dai hpc chua gan chat vdi ca sd san xuat va
CO sd ngMen cim khoa hpc, do dd "chit lugng dIo
tao cdn nMlu nhugc diem: hgc sinh tdt ngMep chua
MIU tiiyc tl Viet Nam,... nMeu ngudi chua tiiat yeu
nglnh nghe cua minh, chua du nMet tinh dch mang
dl khlc phuc khd khan, gian khd, de di slu vao khoa
hgc - ky tiiuat, tiiyc tl sin xuat va quan ly; tiidi quen

va hung tiiii ty hgc, ty ren luyen tiiudng xuyen ve
chinh tii tti ttidng vl chuyen mdn cdn yeu" .

Sy phit tiien ve sd lugng sinh vien tang vdi tdc
do nhanh llm mat cin ddi giira qui md va nang cao
chat lugng. Nhimg dieu kien de tiiyc hien nang cao
chit lugng nhu (co sd vat chat, tiudng ldp, phdng tiii
ngMem, sleh gilo khoa..) khdng tiieo kjp vdi sy phit
ttien qui md. Nam hgc 1974-1975, ve ttudng sd, toin
nganh cdn titieu nira ttieu met vudng nhi cira, ttong
tdng dien tich titi 50% la ti-anh tt^e, 30%> nira kien cd
va 20% kien cd. Co sd vat chit ky tiiuat d e ttudng
qui ngheo nin, titiet bi va phdng titi ngMem khdng
du eho nhu d u dao tao.

<i>Ddi ngQ d n bd gjang day chdt lugng cdn yiu. luc </i>
lugng d n bg giang day ndng cdt mdi ttudng cM cMem
khoang 10% lai phan bd khdng deu, sir dung phan tan;
sd giao vien dudi 5 nam cdng tac cdn cMem 33,9%; lye
lugng gilo vien ehinh tti ngoai ngil, tiie due, quan sy,
dac Met II gilo vien chinh tti cdn qua yeu

Mac du cdn cd nhiing ban che, nhung tiilnh tich
<i>cua GDDH giai doan nay II "ca bin, to ldn vl ding </i>
til hlo"'^ dat nen mdng viing chac cho sy phat tiien
eua giai doan sau.

Tir tiiuc tien xay dyng va phat tiien GDDH d mien
Bae ttong khang cMen chdng My, cd tiie due nit mdt sd
bii hgc kinh ngMem chu yeu sau:

<i>Mot Id, phdt huy tinh thdn yeu nu&c, truyin thong </i>
<i>hieu hgc vdo viec xdy dimg nin GDDH </i>

Trii qua hang ngan nam ljch sir dyng nude vl giir
nude da hinh tiianh nhiing ttuyin tiidng qui bau cua
dan tdc, dd II tiuyen tiidng yeu nude, hieu hgc, cin

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<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE L|CH SU DANG </b>

cil, sang tao, doan ket, ttrong tiian, ttrong ai. Dang ta
vl Chu tjch Hd CM Minh da tiiirc tinh ldng yeu nude
ciia mdi ngudi dan Viet Nam, phat tiiln len tiianh
chu nghia anh hiing each mang de phuc vu su ngMep
GDDH. Dang va Chinh phu da tiiyc Men nMeu bien
phap de khoi day tinh tiiln yeu nude ttong mdi ngudi
din Viet Nam. Xay dung nen giao due eua dan, do
dan, vi dan; xoa bd ehe do ngudi bdc lot ngudi, dua
ngudi din lao dpng len vj tti la ngudi ehu dit nude,
phit huy tinh titan llm chu cua nhan dan lao dpng;
cleh mang XHCN mien Bae vl dlu ttanh tiidng nhat
nude nha la phu hpp vdi nguyen vpng ciia nhan dan,
tao mpi ca hpi eho tti tiiu'c- nhan tii phat ttien tii
nang. Vl yeu nude, tinh tiian din tpc, nMeu tti
thirc-nhan ill dugc dIo tao dudi tiidi tiiudc Phap da til bd
cudc sdng diy dii ve vat chit d lai Viet Nam tiiam gia
xay dyng nen GDDH nude nhi. Chu nghia anh hiing
each mang da giup tiily ttd d c ttudng khac phuc
mpi khd khan gian khd, tiiieu tiidn do hoan canh
khach quan, binh tlhh, nhay ben ttudc mpi tinh

hudng, sing tao ra nhiing hinh tiiuc dao tao phii hgp
vdi hoan eanh Viet Nam.

<i>Hai Id, gdn tne&ng hgc vdi thiec lien xd hgi, phuc </i>
<i>•Vll kip thai nhiem vu cdch mang </i>

Dudi dy lanh dao cua Dang, GDDH ludn bIm sat
timg chang dudng phit ttien ciia dan tdc, phuc vu kip
tiicri nMem vu chinh tti. CIch mang tiiang Tim nam
1945 tiianh cdng, Dang va Chinh phu ehu tiuong cai
to, khdi phuc cac ttudng dai hgc tfidi tiiudc Phap, xay
dung nen giao due mdi tiieo tinh tiiln dan tgc, khoa
hgc, dai chung, dua GDDH gan vdi tiiuc tien, phuc
vu nhiem vu chinh tii cap bach, diet giac dot, giac
ddi, ttiyen ttuyen each mang, xly dung khdi doin ket
dan tgc, gdp phan vao bao ve chinh quyen each
mang non tie.

Khang chien biing nd (1946-1954), d c ttudng
dai hgc ciing vdi nhan din ca nude budc vao cudc
khang chiln tiucmg ky gian khd chdng tiiuc dan

Phip xlm luge, khac phuc mpi khd khan, dao tao
d n bd phuc -vu sy nghiep khang chien, kien qude.

Trong khlng cMen chdng My (1954-1975),
GDDH gan bd vdi tiiyc tien cudc sdng, phuc vu kip
tiidi nMem vu chinh tii dIo tao ngudn nhan lye phuc
vu cdng cupe bin gan vet tiiuong cMen tianh khdi
phuc kinh te, phat tiien van boa KM de qude My danh

pha mien Bac, GDDH tiiuc Men chuyen hudng, dly
manh qui md gan vdi nang cao chat lugng dao tao,
tiuc tiep phuc vu san xult va cMen dau.

Thyc tien sin xuat vl cMen dau la ca sd quan
ttgng de cac trudng dai hgc dieu ehinh muc tieu, npi
dung dao tao, xay dyng chuong tiinh, ke hoach hpc
tap phu hgp vdi tiiuc tien Viet Nam, sing tao ra each
day va hgc dgc dIo, ddng tiidi phat huy tinh tich eye,
chil ddng frong hgc tap va nghien cuu khoa hpc.
Phan nMeu cac de tai khoa hpc cd gia tii d giai doan
nay la xult phat til tiiuc tien. Gan vdi tiiuc tien xa hpi
da phit huy vai frd tich eye cua tiudng hpc ddi vdi xa
hpi, gdp phan giS -viing va nang cao chat lugng, dao
tao ra ngudi cin bd chuyen mdn -vira cd kha nang lao
dpng til dc vu'a cd kha nang lao dpng chan tay. Dd
la nhiing tii tiiirc nhan dan.

<i>Ba la, gidi quyet dung dan mdi quan hi gida qui </i>
<i>mo vd chdt lugng. </i>

Quan diem nhat quIn ciia Ding va Chinh phii la
day manh md rpng qui md gan lien vdi nang eao
chat lupng. Song, tiidi ky nay tiudc yeu cau d p
bach ve d n bd chuyen mdn, dly manh qui md
GDDH da di ttudc mpt budc. Day la chii ttuong
dung, vi mudn cd chat lugng ttudc bet phai dam
bio ve sd lugng d mire dp nhat dinh; mat khac,
GDDH, dao tao ngudn nhan lye khdng ehi cho
ttudc mat, ml cdn dao tao cho lau dii, viec nang

cao chit lugng khdng tiie giii quyet frong thdi gian
ngan, ml phii cd mot qua ttinh. Tuy nhien, trong
qua ttinh chi dao, td chirc tiiuc hien con nhieu limg
tiing, sy phdi hgp giua cac bd, nganh lien quan

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<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE UCH SU DANG </b>

khdng tdt, nen diy qui md dao tao phit tiien qua
nhanh, vugt qui dieu kien ve ca sd vat chat, lam Inh
hudng ldn den chat lugng dIo tao. Vi vay, tir nam
1969 den nam 1975, GDDH ban che viec md rpng
qui md, tap ttung nIng cao chat lugng. Bii hpc d day
la day manh phat tiien qui md phai d mdt miic do
hgp ly, khdng tiie vugt qua xa so vdi nhung dieu
kien ve co sd vat chat de dam bio chit lugng.

Sy phit tiien qui md phai tiieo hudng can ddi ve
nganh nghe, ttinh do, vira dam bao ve yeu d u tiudc
mat, vira dam bao cho liu dii. Trong giai doan nay,
chung ta tiiuc Men ke hoach dao tao titieu tinh khoa
hgc, dly manh qui md khdng tinh den nhu d u tiiyc
te ciia tiing nganh, tiing Imh vyc, timg dja phuang cu
the, din den tinh ttang ttiyen sinh len xudng tiilt
tiiudng, khdng dn djnh, can bd dIo tao ra nglnh tiiira,
nganh titieu, rat lang pM. Vi vay, diy manh qui md
dao tao ndi rieng, phat tiien GDDH ndi chung phai
dugc dat ttong mdi ttiong quan vdi muc tieu cua sy
phit ttien kinh te- xa bdi cua dat nude. Phai can cir
vao nhiem vu dch mang, nhu cau tiiyc te cua tiing
nglnh, tilng dja phuong, tiing llnh vyc de xly dyng

ke hoach dIo tao cho sit hgp, tiMi lang pM tiong
dao tao, vira dap img duge nhu cau biic tMet ttudc
mat, vira chuan bj cho yeu d u ciia sy ngMep dch
mang lau dai.

<i>Bon Id xdy dung nen GDDH cua c^ doddn, viddn </i>

Dang ta va Chu tjch Hd CM Minh ludn gan cudc
dlu tt-anh gianh ddc lap dan tpc, tiidng nhat dlt nude
vdi viee xay dung mdt nen giao due dinh cho mpi
nguoi, dam bao cho mpi ngudi deu cd quyen dugc
den tiudng. Tit ca mgi cdng dan Viet Nam tdi tudi
tiudng tiianh khdng phan biet dang phai, tdn gilo,
giau ngheo, tiilnh phan, giai dp, khdng vi pham
phap luat, dat tiinh do van boa, siic khoe II du dieu
kien vao ttudng dai bpc.

Xay dung nen GDDH dinh cho mpi ngudi d
Viet Nam gan lien vdi viee phit ttien gilo due tiong

tang ldp nhin dan lao ddng, tao dieu kien cho ngudi
ngheo, nhirng ngudi ttue tiip tiiam gia san xuat,
cMen diu vao tiudng dai hpc.

Tir nam 1968, toin bd sinh vien d c tiudng dai
hpc dugc nhan hgc bdng mien pM. Che do hgc bdng
mdi "till Men chinh sach d n bd cua Dang va Nha
nude II khdng ngimg tao dieu kien cho con em cdng
ndng va can bd, bp dpi dugc hgc tap d bac dai hgc,
dip ling dugc yeu d u cua tiie he tie dang ham hd di

vao mat ttan cua khoa hgc, ky tiiuat de phuc vu cich
mang, ke tue sy ngMep dch mang cha anh" .

Nen gilo due ndi chung va GDDH ndi rieng tia
thanh tai sin chung cua dan tdc. Nhan dan lam chu
dit nude, con em nhan dan lao ddng dugc bude vao
tiudng dai hpc, nhan din ta cang yeu qui gan bd vdi
dit nude, titiet tiia vdi nen gilo due mdi, ddng gdp
sire lye, tti tiie de phuc vu nd.

Nha ttudng XHCN ludn gilo due cho ngudi hpc
tiilm nhuan tinh yeu Td qude, yeu nhan dan, yeu
CNXH, yeu lao ddng, yeu khoa hpc va ky luat
Nhirng pham chat dd khdng phai la nhimg khii Mem
chung chung ttuu tiigng, ma dugc cu till boa bing
nhung hanh ddng cu tiie, Meu qui phuc vu Td qude,
nhan din.

Giai doan 1954-1975, dit nude tap ttung siic
ngudi, siie cua cho sy ngMep gill phdng dan tdc,
ngan sach diu frr cho giao due rit ban che, titi sy giup
da eua nhan din la het sure qui bau. Dang ta da bilt
phat huy siic manh cua quin chiing nhan dan ttang
viec xly dyng nen GDDH. Chinh quyen vl nhan dan
dia phuang giiip dd nganh dai hgc vl dja dilm, ea sd
vat chat de xay dyng ttudng sd, nhilu ttudng chua cd
dja diem phii d nhd nha dan frong mdt tiidi gian dai.
Trudng nIo ttanh tiiu dugc su giup dd cua nhan dan
till nhanh chdng dn djnh boat ddng. Phii ndi ring sy
<i>giiip da, dum bgc cua nhan dan ddng vai tro vd cung </i>

quan ttgng frong viec dua nganh GDDH vugt qua
giai doan diy khd khan nay.

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<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=6>

<b>NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE LICH SU DANG </b>

<i>Ndm Id, phdt huy tinh thdn tu luc cdnh sinh, md </i>
<i>rpng quan he hgp ldc quoc le </i>

Chu tiuong xay dung nin GDDH tiing budc
duge hinh tiianh qua d c van kien cua Dang va Nha
nude, tiie Men cu tiie tai Van kien Dai hpi HI

(9-1960), tiep tijc hoan tiiien d d c nghj quyet tiep tiieo,
dac biet la CM tiij 88 TTg-VG (5-8-1965) cua Thu
<i>ttrdng Chinh phu Ve viic chuyen hudng cdng tdc </i>

<i>gido due tne&c tinh hinh vd nhiem vu mdi, NgM </i>

<i>quyit 142 NQ- TU" (28-6-1966) ciia Dang vi ddo tao </i>

<i>vd boi dicdng cdn bg khoa hgc, ky ihudt vd qudn ly </i>
<i>kinh li; CM tiij 222-TTg (7-8-1972) ciia Tbii ttrdng </i>

<i>Chinh phii ve chuyen hie&ng cong ldc dai hgc tong </i>

<i>tinh hinh m&i. Nhiing quan diem, dudng loi GDDH </i>

tiicri ky nay da gdp phan giai quyet nhung van de cap
bach cua each mang dat ra, ddng tiidi hudng tdi mpt
nen giao due phat huy mpi nang luc san cd ciia con

ngudi, xay dap eho con ngudi ed ldi sdng nhan van,
nhan ai, dua nen GDDH nude ta hoa nhap vdi ddng
chay ciia nen van minh nhan loai.

Tinh tiian tu luc d n h sinh da giup toan nganh dai
hpc tiiyc hien tdt dudng ldi phat ttien giao due cua
Dang frong mpi hoan d n h .

Trudc su danh pha ac liet ciia may bay My, mdi
tiianh vien ttong toan nganh da no luc het siic minh
de van chuyen mpt khoi lugng ldn ca sd vat chat, ky
tiiuat, do diing dung eu giang day, hgc tap den dja
diem so tan de tiep tiJC nhiem vu dao tao. Day la
cdng viec eye ky gian khd, neu khdng cd tinh tiian ty
luc canh suih, coi dly la cdng viec cua chinh minh titi
khd cd tiie vugt qua dugc.

Tinh than tii lye d n h sinh da sing tao ra nMeu
hinh tiiirc hpe tap,^tiiuc hanh ddc dao. Dd la hgc tiieo
ca kip, tiieo tiing nhdm nhd, bien nhiem vu cMen
dlu, san xuat de tiiyc hien nguyen ly, phuang cham
giao due ciia Dang, khai tiiac, tan dung mpi dia hinh,
dja vat de phuc vu viec hpc tap, tiiuc banh.

Trong qua ttinh phat ttien sy ngMep GDDH ciing
vdi viec neu cao tinh tiian tii luc d n h sinh, Dang ta

de ra dudng ldi md rdng hgp tic qude te, tianh tiiu sy
iing hp cua cac nude tten tiie gidi, dac biet la cac
nude ttong phe XHCN. Sy giiip do dd da giup chiing

ta khac phuc sy titieu tiidn, khd khan ve co sd vat
chat, tiang tiiiet bj phuc vu giang day va hpc tap, yeu
kem ve ttinh dp td chire, quan ly dao tao, nang cao
ttinh dp giao vien. Dd la nhiing nhan td quan ttpng
de tiiuc dly sy ngMep GDDH phat ttien.

Nhiing bai hpe fren tao nen sy tiiong nhat cao
ttong toan nganh, phat buy cao dp sue lye va tti ttie
cua mpi ngudi, tii tin, tu giac frong hanh dpng, giang
day, hpc tap va ngMen cuu khoa hpc. Su'c manh tinh
titan mpt kM da tiiam nhap vao tiiyc tien, tao tiianh
sue manh vat chat to Icin giup GDDH vugt qua khd
khan tiiir tiiach hoan tiilnh nMem vu. Nhimg bai hgc
nit ra til tiiuc tien xay dyng nen giao due dai hoc giai
doan 1954-1975 den nay van cdn nguyen gia tii.

1, 13, 14, 18. Bg Dai hoc va Trung hoc chuyen
<i>nghiep: Ba muai ndm nen gido due dgi hoc vd Trung hoc </i>

<i>chuyen nghiep Viet Nam (1945-1975), NXB Dai hoc va </i>

<i>Trung hoc chuyen nghiep, H, 1975, tr. 102,97,108,102 </i>
<i>2, Tgp chi Dgi hoc vd Tnmg hoc chuyen nghiep, so 5 </i>
-1975,0-. 1

<i>3, 4. Duong Van: Hop mdl cdc nhd gido tham gia </i>

<i>khdng chien, htt^/www. Vnexpress.net, 2005 </i>

<i>5,6,7,10,11. Xem: Nien gidm thong ke 20 nam phdt </i>

<i>trien gido due Dgi hoc vd Trung hoc chuyen nghiep (1955 </i>

- 1975), Bo Dai hoc va Trung hoc chuyen nghiep, H,
1976, fr. 7,7,25,14-15

<i>8, 9, 15, 16, 17. E)ang Cpng san Viet Nam: Vdn kien </i>

<i>DdngTodnldp,CIQG,li2(X)5,J.40,tr. 12,12,14,12,14 </i>

<i>12. Tgp chi Dai hoc vd Tnmg hoc chuyen nghiep, so </i>
3-1974 tt.l5

<i>19. Tgp chi Dgi hoc vd Tnmg hoc chuyen nghiep, so </i>
4-1968, ti. 31.

</div>

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