unit 1 TA 11
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<b>I. THE INFINITIVE WITH TO Verb + to do st</b>
<b>1. After: the first, the last, the next</b>
Ex: + Gagarin was the first to fly in a
spaceship.
+ Peter was the last to watch the film.
+ He is the next to get his passport.
<b>2. After: Adjectives</b>
Ex: + I'm happy to be here.
+ It's better not to smoke.
<b>3. After: certain verbs</b>
- Offer: tặng, đề nghị
- Choose: chọn lựa
- Regret: lấy làm tiếc
- Decide: quyết định
- Hope: hi vọng
- Deserve: xứng đáng
- Attempt: toan tính
- Promise: hứa hẹn
- Intend: dự định
- Agree: Đồng ý
- Disagree: không đồng ý
- Plan: Dự định
- Aim: Nhằm mục đích
- Afford: cố gắng
- Manage: xoay sở
- Threaten: Đe dọa
- Forget: quên
- Refuse: từ chối
- Arrange: sắp đặt
- Learn: học
- Need: cần
- Want: muốn
- Fail: thất bại
- Mean: có nghĩa là
- Seem: dường như
- Appear: Có vẻ
- Tend: có khuynh hướng
- Pretend: giả vờ
- Claim: khẳng định
- Allow/ Permit: cho phép
<b>Ex : It was late, so we </b>
<b>decided to take a taxi </b>
home.( Lúc đó đã trễ, nên
chúng tôi quyết định đi taxi về
nhà ).
David was in a difficult
situation, so I agreed to
<b>lend him some money.</b>
( David đang gặp khó khăn,
nên tơi đồng ý cho anh ý
vay tiền ).
<b>Ở thể phủ định - negative </b>
thêm not vào trước to
infinitive:
<b>Ex: We decided not to go </b>
<b>out because of the weather</b>.
(Chúng tôi quyết định không đi
chơi vì thời tiết xấu ).
I promised not to be
late.( Tôi đã hứa sẽ khơng
về trễ ).
- Ta nói: decide to do st,
<b>promise to do st=> A </b>
<b>decision to do st, a </b>
<b>promise to do st (noun + </b>
<b>to).</b>
<b>Ex: I think his decision to </b>
<b>quit his job was foolish. </b>
(Tôi cho rằng quyết định bỏ việc
của anh ấy là ngu xuẩn)
John has a tendency to talk
too much. (John có khuynh
hướng nói quá nhiều)
- Sau Dare (dám) bạn có
thể dùng động từ ngun
thể có to hoặc khơng có to:
<b>Ex: I wouldn't dare to tell </b>
him = I wouldn't dare tell
him. (Tơi chẳng dám nói
với anh ý đâu)
<b>4. After: question words</b>
Sau các Verb dưới đây, ta
dùng 1 từ để hỏi
(What/Whether/How,etc) +
to-Vinf: hỏi, yêu cầu
<b>S + Verb + </b>
<b>What/Whether/How… + </b>
<b>to do st</b>
- Forget: quên
- Understand: hiểu
- Decide: quyết định
- Explain: giải thích
- Wonder: thắc mắc
- Know: biết
- Learn: học
- Remember: nhớ
<b>Ex: We asked how to get </b>
to the station. (Chúng tôi đã
hỏi đường đi đến nhà ga)
Have you decided
<b>where to go for your </b>
vacation? (Bạn đã quyết
định đi nghỉ ở đâu chưa?)
<b>Tương tự: </b>
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<b>ch + Sb + </b>
<b>What/How/Where… + to </b>
<b>do st</b>
<b>Ex: Can someone how me </b>
<b>how to change the film in </b>
this camera? (Có ai có thể chỉ
cho tơi cách thay phim cho chiếc
máy ảnh này?)
Ask Jeff. He'll tell you
<b>what to do. (Hãy hỏi Jeff. </b>
Anh ấy sẽ nói cho bạn biết
phải làm gì)
I learn to drive a car
(Tôi học lái xe)
<b>5. After: want/ would like </b>
Ex: + I want you to help
me.
+ Woud you like to go to
the zoo?
<b>6.Verb + Object + </b>
<b>to-infinitive </b>
Ex: + I helped my dad to
clean the car.
+I want to help you.
I want you (to) help me.
<b>II. THE INFINITIVE </b>
<b>WITHOUT TO: Verb + </b>
<b>do st</b>
<b>1.After: auxiliaries/ modal</b>
<b>verb: can, could, may, </b>
<b>might, must, mustn't, </b>
<b>needn't, shall, should, </b>
<b>will, would,...</b>
Ex: + He can run very fast.
+ As a boy he could run very fast.
+ I may fly to Africa this summer.
+ I might fly to Africa this summer.
+ I must go now.
+ You mustn't smoke here.
+ You needn't go.
+ We shall sing a song
+ We should sing a song.
+ She will cook a meal for his birthday.
+ She would cook a meal for his birthday.
<b>2. After: to do (do-did-done) Ex:+ I don't know.</b>
<b>3. After the following expressions: had better (nên), would rather (thích hơn), would sooner </b>
<b>(sớm), why not (tại sao không), why should we (tại sao cta nên), why should we not(tại sao </b>
<b>cta không nên)</b>
Ex: + You had better clean up your room.
+ Susan would rather study for her exam
tomorrow.
+ I would sooner read a book than watch this
film.
+ Why not ask your neighbour for help?
+ Why should we go by car?
+ Why should we not go by car?
<b>4. After verbs of perception + object (action has finished): feel, hear, notice, see, watch,...</b>
Ex:+ She feels the rain fall on her face.
+ I heard Peter sing a song
+ Mandy noticed the boy climb the tree.
+ They saw him climb up the roof.
+ He watched the thieves steal a car.
<b>5. After: Let + object: let, let's ( let us ) Ex: + Sandy let her child go out alone.</b>
+ Mother let her daughter decide on her own. + Let's go for a walk through the park.
<b>6. After: Make + Object: (make-made-made)</b>
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