<span class='text_page_counter'>(1)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=1>

<b>INVERSION</b>

<b>Đảo ngữ dùng để nhấn mạnh hành động của chủ ngữ, hoặc được dùng vì mục đíc tu từ. Đảo </b>
ngữ thường có 2 trường hợp: Đảo trợ động từ lên trước chủ ngữ; và Đảo động từ chính lên trước
<b>chủ ngữ.</b>

I/ Đảo ngữ ở câu có chứa trạng từ phủ định, hoặc 1 sổ cụm từ đứng đầu như sau : Đảo trợ động từ
lên trước chủ ngữ:

Not, Never (= At no time), Seldom, Little, Barely, Nor,
In/ Under no circumstances (Dù trong bất cứ hồn cảnh nào cũng khơng),

On no account (Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng khơng), Only in this way (Chỉ bằng cách này),
In no way (Khơng sao có thể), By no means (Hồn tồn khơng)

No sooner ….. than…., Hardly …. when …., Scarcely …. when …., Not only … but also …
Not until …., Only after/ with/ in/ at…, Only when …, Only then …., Only if ….

Only by + Noun/ V- ing …, So ….., Such….., Trạng từ tần suất …., Tính từ……,
Much……., Many ………, Câu điều kiện, ……..

1, Đối với các cụm từ : <i>No sooner ….. than…., Hardly …. when …., Scarcely …. when ….:</i> Câu đảo
ngữ chứa cụm trạng ngữ này thường dùng để diễn đạt 1 chuỗi các sự kiện xãy ra trong quá khứ.
Động từ ở vế trước thường được chia ở thì q khứ hồn thành, động từ ở vế sau ở thì quá khứ đơn.
Và đảo ngữ diễn ra ở vế trước.

e.g: Scarcely had I got out out of bed when the doorbell rang.
No sooner had he finished dinner than she walked in the door.

2, Đối với nhóm từ kết hợp sau <i>“Only”</i> như: <i>only after/ by/ ….</i> Nếu trong câu có 1 mệnh đề thì đảo
ngữ diễn ra bình thường. Nếu trong câu có 2 mệnh đề thì dùng đảo ngữ ở mệnh đề thứ 2.

e.g: Only then did I understand the problem.

Only by hard work will we be able to accomplish this great task.
Only by studying hard can you pass this exam.

Only when you grow up can you understand it.
Only if you tell me the truth, can I forgive you.

Only after the film started did I realize that I’d seen it before.
3. Nhóm từ: So, Such, trạng từ tần suất

a/ Câu đảo ngữ có chúa “So” mang cấu trúc như sau:
<b>So + tính tù + to be + Danh từ …</b>

e.g: So strange was the situation that I couldn’t sleep.

So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.
b/ Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:

<b>Such + to be + Danh từ + …..</b>

e.g: Such is the moment that all great barrier.
c/ Câu đảo ngữ chứa trạng từ tần suất:

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=2>

e.g: Many a time has he given me good advice.
Often did we went for walk together.

3. Câu đảo ngữ có chúa “Not only …. but also ….” có cấu trúc như sau:
<b>Not only + trợ động từ + S + V + but also + S + V …</b>

e.g: Not only does he study well, but also he sings well/ but he also sings well.
4. Khi Tân ngữ chứa các từ “<i>many/ much</i> ” thì cũng có thể đảo ngữ

e.g: We played many a trick in class without teacher noticing it.
-> Many a trick did we play in class without teacher noticing it.
4. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện thì IF được lược bỏ

a/ Câu điều kiện loại 1: Should thay cho If

Should + S + V(bare) , S + will/ can + V …
e.g: If I see her today, I will send her your message.

-> Should I see her today, I will send her your message.
b/ Câu điều kiện loại 2: Were được thay cho If

e.g: If I were her, I would go to see a doctor.
-> Were I her, I would go to see a doctor.

If she were to see you, she would be very surprised.
-> Were she to see you, she would be very surprised.
c/ Câu điều kiện loại 3: Had thay cho If.

e.g: If I had been there, I would have spoken to him.
-> Had I been there, I would have spoken to him.
5. Một số cấu trúc khác:

 In/ Under no circumstances should you lend him the money.
 On no account must this switch be touched.

 Only in this way could the problem be solved.
 In no way could I agree with you.

 By no means does he intend to criticize your idea.

II/ Đảo ngữ ở câu mở đầu bằng trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn hoặc trật tự thì đảo động từ chính lên trước
chủ ngữ:

<b>Adverb of place/ order + main verb + S ……..</b>
e.g: In front of the museum is a statue.

First came the ambulance, then came the police.
On the grass sat an enormous frog.

Along the road came a strange procession.

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(3)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=3>

1. He rarely comes to see me now. -> Rarely ………

2. I really understood it only after he had explained it the 4th_{time. -> Only after ……….}

3. If Bob had not interfered in his sister’ marital problems, there wouldn’t have been peace
between them. -> Had ……….

4. If she needed help, she would call you immediately. -> Were ……….
5. The doctor had hardly fallen asleep when the telephone woke him up. -> Hardly …………
6. If I finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sister for her birthday.

-> Should ………..

7. He not only spent all his money, but he even borrowed some from me. -> Not only ………..

8. Miles and miles of forest lie before them. -> Before them ………..

9. The tree were beautiful in their autumn colors. -> Beautiful ………
10. If they had arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.

-> Had ………
11. If I were rich, I would very happy. -> Were ………
12. He was so sick that he had to be taken to hospital. -> So ………..
13. The unknown soldiers lie here. -> Here ………..

14. She has never been in such an embarrassing situation before. -> Never before ………….
15. Many beautiful rose bushes grew in the garden of the palace. -> In the garden ………
16. If the workers had worked harder, they would have received the bonus. -> Had ……….…
17. She had never been so happy in all her life. -> Never ………..

18. If I were in your place, I should refuse his invitation. -> Were ………..
19. He managed to pass the exam only by hard work. -> Only ……….
20. He had hardly got into the bath when the telephone rang. -> Hardly …………..
21. If I had met you before, we might have been friends. -> Had ………
22. The doctor was so angry that one of the nurses dared to utter. -> So ………
23. I can explain the matter in no other way. -> In no other way ……….
24. If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me. -> Should ………..
25. I had got outside no sooner than it began to rain. -> No sooner ……….
26. They not only come late but they are also often late. -> Not only ………
27. He had given me advice many a time. -> Many a time ………..
28. When he is here, he only speak English. -> Only when ………..
29. We often wait for walk together. -> Often ………..
30. If she were to see you, she would be very surprised. -> Were ………..
31. John seldom forgets to do his homework. -> Seldom ………
32. He grief was so great that she almost fainted. -> So ………..

33. He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=4>

34. She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
-> No sooner ………..

35. If you want to save your eyesight, you must operate immediately. -> Only by ……….
36. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her. ->Hardly ………….
37. Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building. -> No sooner ………..
38. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later. -> Only when ...……
39. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately. -> So ………….…
40. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs. Jones. -> Nowhere …….…….
41. The outcome of the election was never in doubt. -> At no time ……….…………
42. Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe. -> No sooner ……….……….
43. The only way to eliminate world terrorism is by united opposition. -> Only by ………..
44. I only recognized him when he came into the light. -> Not until ……….………
45. The workers only called off the strike after a new pay offer. -> Only after ………..
46. Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their

second child. -> Only when ………
47. He forgot about the gun until he got home. -> Not until ………..
48. The truth only came out on the publication of the general’s personal diaries.

-> Only when ………

49. I had only just put the phone down when the boss phoned back. -> Hardly …………
50. Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill. -> No sooner ………..
51. There was no precedent for the King resignation. -> Never ………..

52. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made.
-> No sooner ………

53. I didn’t realize who he was until later. -> Only later ………
54. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had gone home. -> Only ……….
55. The only thing that prevented the passing of the bill was the death of the Prime Minister.

-> Had it not ………
56. John didn’t celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing.

-> Not until ………..……

57. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day. -> Only by ……
58. They had to wait for twelve hours before the flight left. -> Only after a …………..
59. The result of the match was never in doubt. -> At no time ………..

60. There are more people out of work in this country than ever before. -> Never …….
61. It was only when I left home that I realized how much my father meant to me.

-> Not until ………

62. He never suspected that the money had been stolen. -> At no time……….
63. The only reason the party was a success was that a famous film star attended.

-> Had it not ……….

</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=5>

<b>KEYS</b>
1. So great was her grief that she almost fainted.

2. No sooner had he returned from his walk than he got down to ……….
3. No sooner had he put up her umbrella than the rain …………..

4. Only by operating immediately can you save your eyesight.
5. Hardly had she begun to speak when people started …….

6. No sooner had the burglars left the building than someone rang the alarm.
7. Only when they told me about it later did I realize what I had missed.
8. So great was the demand that they had to reprint ………..

9. Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs. Jones.
10. At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.

11. No sooner had the thieves touched the safe than tear gas was released.

12. Only by united opposition can we eliminate terrorism. / can world terrorism be eliminated.
13. Only after a new pay offer did the workers call off the strike.

14. Only when their second son was born did Alice and Charles decide to move to a bigger house
15. Not until he got home did he remember about the gun.

16. Only when the general’s personal diaries were published did the truth come out.
17. Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back./

18. No sooner had he been appointed to the post than the new editor fell ill.
19. Never before had any King resigned.

20. No sooner had the announcement been made than everyone started complaining.
21. Only later did I realize who he was.

22. Only after all the guests had gone home could we relax.

23. Had it not been for the death of the Prime Minister, the bill would have been passed.

24. Not until John (had) received the offer of promotion in writing did he celebrate.
25. Only by training hard every day can we become a good athlete.

26. Only after a twelve-hour wait did their flight leave.
27. At no time was the result of the math in doubt.

28. Never have there been more people out of work in this country.

29. Not until I had left home did I realize how much my father meant to me.
30. At no time did he suspect that the money had been stolen.

31. Had it not been the attendance of a famous film star the party would not have been a success/
would have been a failure.

</div>

<!--links-->