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<b>roAN THU Tl,/ HOC CHU HAN </b>


<i><b>Phdn thu nhi{t </b></i>



<i><b>VAN sifTRIET TINH TUYEN </b></i>



¥ -

<i><b>1¥-</b></i>

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<b>KINH THI -</b>

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KINHTHI~ ~


<i><b>1 </b></i>


<b>Quan thu' </b>


Quan quan thl1 ci1U,
T:;ti

Ha

chi cha u.
Y€u dieu thuc ncr,
Quan til' hao du.
Sam si h:;tnh thai,
Ta hcru l11U chi.
Y€u dieu thuc ncr,
Ngl,l

<i>mi </i>

du chi.
C~u chi ba't dac,
Ngl,l

<i>mi </i>

tl1 b~c.
Du tail Du tail


Tri€n chuy€n phan trac.
Sam si h:;tnh thai,
Ta hcru thi (thai) chi.


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(2)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=2>

326



;


f)]~~~


~ <sub>-, !10</sub>3'~ <sub>, </sub><i>-1=:----'-? </i><sub>/)(. </sub>


<i>!'(__ </i>


~~1Ơ*ã


:tr:k:l1Đz


f)]~~~Ã
jJ~1~z o


TRAN VAN CHANH


Y€u di~u th1,1c nG',


Cftm sat vi (huu) chi.
Sam si h<:tnh thai,
Ta huu m<:to chi.
Y€u di~u th1,1c nG',


Chung c6 l<:tc chi.


<i>(Thi kinh: Chu Nam) </i>


roAN THli

TV

HQC CHU HAN 327


<i>rae </i>

<i>giii-tac phiim </i>



f)oy Ia bai dau tien trong phon "Qu6c phong-Chu Nam'cua <i>Kinh </i>
<i>Thi, </i>m¢t tQp thcJ co nhat cua Trung Quoc, hi$n con dllQC 305 bai. deu
Ia toe pham trong khoang hcJn 500 nom tu dou dCii Chu den giQa dCii
Xuon thu (770 trlldc CN-480 trlldc CN). Bai nay thu¢c loqi thcJ trQ tlnh
don gian, mieu to tlnh cam tham thiet cua m¢t chang trai doi vdi c6
goi hien djU hoi rau hqnh ben song, va LJ(jc mcJ CUO chang Ve CUQC
h6n nhon tot dE?P trong tllcJng lai.


<i>Tl)NGO </i>


<i>eQuan </i> <i>quan </i>

1m 1m :

tie'ng chim keu "quan quan" (tu tuong
thanh) <i>.Thtt cliu </i>

giN!® :

m9t loai chim nude, con trong va con
mai song kh6ng roi nhau <i>eYiu </i>di~u f)]~

:

xinh d(fp, duyen
dang, diu dang, thuy

<i>mi </i>

<i>.Th{tC </i>~ : hi~n th1,1c, ne't na, c6 due
h<:mh <i>.Qulin til </i>

B"

-=f:

chi nguoi con trai <i>.Hiio ciiu </i>

~f

:i1:

tot d6i,


d(fp d6i, xung d6i <i>.Sam si </i>~ ~ :dai ngan kh6ng d~u nhau, so le


<i>eHr.mh </i>

<i>1j : </i>

rau h<:tnh (mQc o m~t nude, la do tia) <i>eLliu. </i>7JTE :hai


<i>eNg{t mj @: </i>~: thuc ngu (khi thuc khi ngu) <i>eTli bij.c </i>~- ~~ : nhd


<i>eDu </i> <i>f[Z; </i>:dang

d~c, tri~n

mien <i>eTriin </i> <i>chuyin </i> <i>phiin </i> <i>triic </i>
@

!j!f

<i>JY:. </i>

f~~

:

lan qua 19n l<:ti ngu kh6ng yen, tran tro mai kh6ng


ngu dUQC• <i>Thai </i>

* :

hai (dung nhu1;R) <i>.ctim siit </i>

~

M:

dan


dm(5

ho~c 7 day) va dan sat (15 day

ho~c 50 day)

<i>eMiJ-o </i>

~:



chQn la'y (Chu Hi giai la"na'u chin rna dang len") <i>.Chung elf: </i>


&i

~1 chu6ng trong (trong bai dung nhu d9ng tu c6 nghia la" danh
chu6ng danh trong")


<i>D!CH NGHlA </i>


<i>Quan thli </i>


<i>Chim thu cuu keu quan quan. Tren c6n song Hoang Ha. Ngu&i </i>
<i>con gdi diu </i>hi~n. D~p <i>doi cung quan ttl. </i>


</div>
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328


TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>dju hdn. Thlic ngu ta cdu mong. Cdu mong khong duc;c gijp. Ngay </i>
<i>dern ta nh(J trong. Dling dijc, nh(J dling dijc. Ttiin trd ngu khong </i>
<i>yen. </i>


<i>Rau hf;mh c9ng ngdn dai. Hai theo dong td hflu. Nguui con gdi </i>
<i>dju </i>

hi~n.

<i>Ta ke't than vdi nang trong tie'ng dan cdm, dan sdt. </i>


<i>Rau ht;mh c9ng ngdn dai. Vat theo dong td hflu. Nguui con gdi </i>
<i>dju hdn. Ta ddnh tie'ng chuang tie'ng tr6ng di lam vui long nang. </i>


<i>D!CHTHO </i>


<i>TVC. djch </i>





<i>-!' </i>



~



-~



~~
.~~


~

~


<i>Quan quan cdi con thu cuu, </i>


<i>Con song con mdi cung nhau biii ngoai. </i>
<i>Diu dcmg thf:lc nfl nhu ai, </i>


<i>Sdnh cung qulin tLt tot doi V(/ ch6ng. </i>


<i>Muon an rau hr;mh theo giong, </i>


<i>Muon co thf:IC nfl, mo mong duc;c dau. </i>
<i>Nh(J co rling r(Jc san sdu, </i>


<i>Chota dlin d9c </i>d~ <i>hdu nguyen! </i>
<i>Muon an rau ht;mh hd i v~, </i>


roAN THV n,f HQC CHU HAN


<i>Muo'n co thf:lc nfl, nay </i>v~ <i>cung ta. </i>
<i>Tie'ng chuang, tieng tro'ng vui hoa, </i>


<i>Tie'ng dan cdm sdt m(Jn ma yeu duang! </i>


*LIJ


fit 1.13. * LIJ



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<i>2 </i>


<i>TAN </i>

<i>EJA </i>

<i>djch </i>


Dong

<i>Sdn </i>


Nga t6 Dong Son,
Thao thao bat quy.
Nga lai tlf dong,
Linh vU ky (ky) mong.
Nga dong vie't quy,
Nga tam tay bi.
Che' bi thuong y,


V~t slf (sl) hang mi (mai).
Quyen quyen gia thl,lc,
Chung t~i tang da.
Doi bi dQc tuc,


Di<$c t~i xa h~.



Nga t6 Dong Son
Thao thao bat quy.
Nga lai tlf dong,
Linh vU ky (ky) mong.
Qua loa chi thlfc,


Di<$c thi vu vU.


y uy t~i that,
Tieu sao t~i hQ.


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(4)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=4>

330


1~:J:i~1:Y


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<i>*lit2o </i>

<i>z </i>

<i>10J? </i>



TRAN VAN CHANH


Dlfc dlfc tieu hang.


Di~c kha uy da,
Y kha hoai da.
Nga t6 Dong Son,
Thao thao bat quy.
Nga lai tlf dong,
Linh vu ky (ky) mong.
Qmin minh vu d<;it (di~t),
Ph1,1 than vu that.
Sai tao khung trat,
N ga chinh du~ t chL


Huu don qua kh6,
Chung t?i l?t Hin.


Tif nga bat kie'n,


Vu kim tam nan (nien).


Nga t6 Dong Son,
Thao thao bat quy.
Nga lai tlf dong,
Linh vu ky (ky) mong.


Thuong canh vu phi,
Phap du<;1c ky vu.
Chi tu vu quy,
Hoang bac ky rna.
Than ke't ky ly,
Cuu th?p ky nghi.
Ky tan kh6ng gia,
Ky clfu nhu chi ha?


<i>(Thi kinh: </i>

<i>Miin phong</i>

<i>) </i>



toAN THLI Tl,l HQC CHCI HAN 331


<i>rae </i>

<i>gia-tac phii?m </i>



Bai nay trong 'Quoc phong, Man phong' cua <i>Kinh Thi, </i>to tam tlnh
cua m¢t chinh nhan tren dllong trd

ve.



<i>T(/ NGU </i>


'



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<span class='text_page_counter'>(5)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=5>

·~-332 <sub>TRAN VAN CHANH </sub>


<i>eT6 </i>{§_: di <i>.Dong Sdn </i>

*

LlJ:

m1i Dong Son, <i>(J </i>

huy~n

Khuc


Ph1,1 tinh Son Dong ngay nay, con gQi la Mong Son <i>eThao thao </i>



'Ia 'Ia:

Hi u dai, bi€n bi~t <i>eLinh </i>Vll~

ffi :

mlia bl,li, mlia phun <i>eKy </i>
<i>mong </i>;It~ :(mua) la"m ta"m, la"t pha"t <i>eTiuiifng y </i>~:;&

:

ao qufin


m?c blnh thuong <i>eSi </i>

± :

dfing nhu ~ (stf) nghTa la lam vi~c gl


<i>eHimg maifftz: </i>:nhu

mtz:

(ham mai),;tt la v~t giong nhu chiec


dua;lllc hanh quan ng~m vao mi~ng dti khong dt1<;1c n6i chuy~n,


tranh cho quan djch biet <i>•Quyen </i>quyen~~ ~~: (sau bo) ngQ ngu~y


eTh~tc~: sau dau, giong nhu con dim nhung mau xanh, cung gQi


la <i>se1n tam </i>(con t~m nui) <i>.Chung </i>~: la u <i>.Tang dii </i>~

!f

:

ru()ng
dau <i>.Doi </i>~)C: mlnh cu()n tron (n~m co ro) <i>•Quii loa </i>

5fi!:jl:

quat


lau, lo<;1i day leo, cling hQ vdi bfiu, c6 thti dung lam thuoc eTh~tc


~ :trai <i>eThi </i>

1itf!:

(bo) Ian ra •

<i>Vu </i>

*:

mai hi en

<i>.y </i>

<i>uy </i>1~ ~ cung


viet

~fj}~~:

con gian da"t <i>eTieu sao </i>

Pi~

:m()t loai

nh~n

chan dai


<i>·Dinh thodn </i>BIJ Hll: mft trong C(;lnh nha (noi chim muong giam
d<;1p len) <i>eLQc trliifng </i>

/fttJJ.;:

san nai <i>eD{IC </i>d{lcJ~;/:i: nha"p nhay,


l~p loe <i>eTieu himg </i>~

f=f:

con dom d6m

<i>.y </i>

1~: la <i>•Qlllin </i>

WJ:



chim quan, m()t loai chim nude, giong nhu co ho?c h<;1c. Chu Hi


chu gi:h: "Troi sap mua thl nhung loai <i>(J </i> hang biet trudc, nen



kien chui ra khoi hang, chim quan den an kien va dung keu tren


d6" <i>(Thi Kinh t(lp </i>truy~n) <i>eD{lt (di?t) </i>±~: dong da"t (chi t6 kien


dun len) <i>eKhung trill~~: </i>quet bo v~t do (co tac gia giai la tret


l<;1i khe <i>hd, </i>hay la"p 16 vach) <i>eChinh </i>

1iE:

chinh nhan <i>(d </i> day la
nguoi chinh nhan tlf xttng," cung c6 thti la nguoi v<;l gQi ch6ng)


<i>eDuijt </i>

.$ :

tr<;l tU' vo nghTa <i>(Mao </i> truy~n giai la "sap sli'a";


Nghiem Xan giai cii cau la <i>chinh phu ta sdp </i>v~ <i>r6i eHilu don </i>


ff~)C :tron tron <i>•Qua khil </i>

J1\

:g.

:trai kh6 qua <i>eL/jt tan~ </i>

<i>fiT : </i>

cui


l~t (chu l~t ~Han <i>Thi </i>viet la {~ (mau), nghTa la rau dang; Dli


Quan Anh trong <i>Thi Kinh tuyin djch </i> giai la "cui tfch l<;1i"


hay"thuc tan" la b6 cui) <i>eThtidng canh </i>~ ~ : chim hoang ly hay


roAN THlJ <i>T\,1 </i>HQC CHU HAN 333


hoang oanh • <i>Chi ti't </i> <i>Vll </i> <i>quy </i>

<i>z </i>

r T

m~:

co kia v€ nha


·ch6ng("chi" la d<;1i tu chi thj;"vu" la tr<;l tu) <i>·.Hoang.¥.: </i>cung viet


la

~~

nglfa mau vang tdng <i>eBac </i>!)(: nglfa mau do tdng



<i>.Thanm: </i>chi illy VQ <i>.LyWJ : </i> dai khan giat, cai khan che tdi goi


cua nguoi con gai dung khi v€ nha ch6ng; khi ga con gai, nguoi


my dich than that khan nfiy cho con gai

<i>.cilu </i>

<i>thljp </i>

tL

+:

hlnh


dung "nhi€u" <i>eNghi </i>f~: nghi thti'c, nghi 1~ (ca cau <i>c!lu th(lp </i>

<i>kY </i>



<i>nghi </i>nghia den la chin, muoi thti' nghi

1~,

hay nghi thti'c

1~

cudi


ra"t nhi€u) <i>.Tan </i>~: tan hon, mdi cttdi <i>eKhilngJL: </i>ra't <i>eGia </i>

g:



tot dyp, my man <i>eC{Iu </i> : lau. Ca cau

y

n6i: <i>xa each lau ngay gi;ip </i>


<i>l{li phdi vui mitng the' nao, </i>cung c6 thti la m()t chut lo lang: khong


biet tlnh xua se c6 thay d6i gl khong?


<i>NGO PHAP </i>


CD B

(vie't): tr<;l tu, vo nghia:

~

}f[

B

m~

(Nga dong <i>viet </i>quy).


®

.$

(du~t): tr<;l tu, vo nghia:

f\tiiE$¥

(Nga chinh <i>duijt </i>


chi). M()t so tac gia chu giai chu

.$

la "sap sli'a".


®

r

(vu): tr<;l tu, vo nghia, d?t trudc d()ng tu, ra't thuong dung


trong <i>Kinh Thi: </i>Ji.~-Tm (Hoang ditiu <i>Vll </i>phi);

<i>z </i>

rrl~ (Chi



til' <i>vu </i>quy).


<i>D[CH NGHlA </i>
<i>Dong Sdn </i>


<i>Ta chinh chie'n nui Dong, </i>
Bi~n bi~t <i>khong tra </i>

<i>vl </i>



<i>Ngay </i>v~ <i>tit phUC!ng dong, </i>
<i>Trai mua roi la't pha't. </i>
<i>Ta tit phue1n.g dong </i>v~.
<i>Umg hi thUC!n.g </i>v~ <i>tay. </i>
<i>Lo may do mi;ic thuang, </i>


<i>Hit ng(lm dua hanh quan. </i>
<i>Sau dau bo ngQ ngu(ly, </i>

<i>iJ </i>

<i>tren dam ruf)ng dau. </i>
<i>Nguai kia co ro ngtl, </i>
<i>Tro trQi duc'Ji gdm xe. </i>
<i>Ta chinh chiin nui Dong, </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(6)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=6>

<b>334 </b>


<i>Trifi mua roi lflt phtl't. </i>


<i>Qudt !au da ke't trdi, </i>
<i>Qud thong xuong mdi hien. </i>
<i>Ddy nha gidn da't </i>cht;~y,
<i>Ngoai cila sfl nh?n giang. </i>



<i>Da't trf/ng thanh san nai, </i>


<i>Dam d6m chie'u l(jp foe. </i>


<i>Cdnh the lu(]ng ddng sf!, </i>
<i>Nhung ddng baa thu(]ng nho. </i>
<i>Ta chinh chien nui Dong, </i>
Bi~n <i>bi?t khong triJ vl </i>
<i>Duifng </i>v~ <i>tit phu(]ng dong, </i>
<i>Trifi mua roi la't pha't. </i>
<i>Qudn keu tren to? kien, </i>


<i>Chinh </i>ph~ <i>kh6c phong khue. </i>
<i>Quet nla, lap !6 vdch, </i>
<i>Nghi chinh phu sdp </i>v~.


~~


~~:13~
~~1tt;i;
-R~)(£3:


~~{fl}J~
~~:13~


~~1tt*1


<b>TRAN VAN CHANH </b>


<i>Kho? qua trdi tron trim, </i>



<i>Treo tren dan cui l(j.t. </i>
<i>Ta tit khi xa cdch, </i>
<i>Nay dii c6 ba nam. </i>
<i>Ta chinh chien nui Dong, </i>
Bi~n <i>bi?t khong triJ vl </i>
<i>Duifng </i>v~ <i>tit phu(]ng dong, </i>
<i>Trifi mua roi la't pha't. </i>
<i>Chim hoimg ly bay bay, </i>
<i>Cdnh chim bay lap lodng. </i>
<i>Co kia </i>v~ <i>nha ch6ng, </i>
<i>Ngl!a do, vang, do'm trdng. </i>
<i>Mf! ke't cho khan gidt, </i>
<i>Nghi </i>l~ <i>th(j.t ruifm ra. </i>
<i>Ch6ng vf! moi hai hoa, </i>
<i>Tinh xua, ta ra sao? </i>


<i>TVC. djch </i>


w


<i>3 </i>


Lt;~c <b>nga </b>
L!JC l!JC gia nga,
Phi nga y hao.
Ai nga ph!J rna u,
Sinh nga cu lao.
L!Jc h,1c gia nga,
Phi nga y uy.



<b>roAN THll Tl,l HQC CHO' HAN </b>


$:~5(-BJ:


1=-~~1$


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<i>1W; </i>

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<i>tf)\ </i>'fl\1. <i>K_ </i>

lc..,



~*~~j


Ai nga ph!J rna U,
Sinh nga lao ttJy.
Blnh chi khanh hi,
Duy 16i chi si.


Ti€n dan chi sinh,
Bat' nhu' ttl' chi cll'u hi.

vo

phtJ ha h6?
V6 mau ha thi?
Xuat tac ham tuat,


Nh~p tac my chi.
PhtJ h~ sinh nga,
Mau h~ cue nga.
Phil nga sue nga,
Truong nga dtJc nga.


<i>C6 </i>

nga ph!JC nga,
Xuat nh~p phuc nga.
DtJc bao chi due,
H:;ta thien vong eve.


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(7)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=7>

336


f¥j

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<i>7,,4 </i>

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£'2-++--:<;5/1.


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~Jjli}f,ijf,


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fit1i7/f~


<i>Tac gia-ttic philm </i>


TRAN VAN CHANH


Nam son li~t li~t, ,


Phieu phong phat phat:
Dan m(;lc bat coc,
Nga doc ha hi;lt (hi;ii)!
Nam son Iu?t lu?t,
Phieu phong phat phat.
Dan mac bat coc,
Nga doc bat tot!



<i>(Thi kinh: Tiiu nhii) </i>


Bai nay trong phon

'Tk~u

<i>nhd' cua Kinh Thi , n6i ve tom long cua </i>
nglloi con c6 hieu d6i voi em sinh thanh, nuoi dllong kho nhQc cua cha


m<7. <i>va noi dau x6t kh6ng dllqc pht,mg dllong cha m<7 den tuoi gia</i>.


<i>TUN </i>

<i>GO </i>



<i>•Lf!c l{LC </i>

~

~

: cao IOn <i>eNga </i>

<i>i5Z </i>

:co nga, con gQi la nga hao,


(artemisia) IDQC d Su'On nui ; khi canh }a da kho thi re van con
dt.rdi dat, den nam sau l<;1i

n~y

mfim mQc li;ii <i>ePhl fig: khong phai </i>
<i>eHao </i>

~:

co hao, cung loai vdi co nga,

d~u

c6 vi thuoc

<i>.y </i>

fll' :

la


<i>eAi </i>

:R:

tht.rong nhd, x6t tht.rong <i>eCu lao </i> <i>{i]}J </i>

*:

kh6 nhQc, kh6
nhQC.

<i>Uy </i>

ru= :

co uy, con gQi la thanh hao,

d~c

tinh giong nhu' co
nga

eT~ty'f$: ti~u t1,1y, nhQc

m~t,

moi

m~t

<i>eKhtinh </i>

~

: het, r6ng,
trong het <i>eLoi </i>.'§ : vo ru'Q'u c6

mi~ng

nho, bt,mg to <i>eTiin diin </i>


j!(:_§:: con m6 coi <i>eH6 </i>

'/3':

dtfa vao, c?y nho <i>eHam tuiit </i>

ro11fll:



ng?m n6i lo bu6n

<i>•My </i>

<i>chi </i>

ft

~:

khong c6 nguoi than

<i>.cue </i>

<i>¥¥3: </i>


nuoi <i>ePhzij1j": </i>v6

v~

(dung nht.r

tffff)

<i>eSzic1fi: </i>yeu tht.rong eCo/mi:


chieu co, cham nom

ePh{tcf~

: nhd nhung <i>ePhuc </i>

/3!:

om vao
long <i>eChi </i>

<i>z : </i>

nfty (d<;li tU chi thi) <i>•H{lo thien </i>

~

7(: troi cao•


<i>Vong qtc </i>

~ ~:

vo tht.rong, khong c6 dinh

chu~n

(Vuong Dan



roAN THU <i>Tl,l </i>HQC CHU HAN 337


Chi trong sach <i>Kinh ngh'fa thu{lt van </i>giai cau "Hi;io thien v6ng
ctfc" la "troi cao thien I~ch", "troi cao khong nhan tu" v1 troi
giang cho tai hQa, khien nguoi con khong dt.r<;5c mai maj pht,mg


dt.rong cha my) .Li~t li~t 7.!~ <i>?FU :nui cao sung sung va </i>hi~m trd


<i>.Phieu </i>phong~

00,

:gi6 to, gi6 dCr <i>.P!uit phat </i>~ ~ : tieng gi6


mi;inh th6i vu vu .Coc~

:

pht,mg duong (Chu Hi giai chu nfty la
"may m~n"; day theo ngh!a cua Trinh Khang Thanh) <i>eHa </i>

fPJ :


dung nhu' :fij ngh1a la ganh <i>chiu, chiu </i>dtfng <i>eLzuJ_t lzuJ_t </i>

<i>1.$1$ </i>

:(nui)
cao ch6t v6t <i>ePhlit phiit </i>ijt

iJt, :

gi6 m<;1nh th6i tung b1,1i <i>eBiit tot </i>

/f

¥:

khong du'<;5C mai nuoi cha illy den gia (thuyet cua Trinh


Khang Thanh va Chu Hi); c6 thuyet l<;1i cho chu

/f

nen dQc nhu'
chft ~(phi: ngft tr<;5 tU), con chft

¥

nen dQC nhu' chft <i>:}$ </i>(t~:~y: don


dau), d cau: <i>Rieng taphai chju don dau (theo </i>Khuat V<;1n Ly, <i>Thi </i>
<i>Kinh thich ngh'la). </i>


<i>D[CH NGHlA </i>

<i>Co </i>

<i>nga cao l{Jn </i>


<i>Rau nga cao LOn </i>Lr;~i <i>biin thimh co hao. Oil Oi! Cha mf sinh ta </i>
<i>kh(J' nhQC VO cung. </i>


<i>Co nga cao LOn </i>Lr;~i <i>bie'n thanh co uy. Oi! Oi! Cha mf sinh ta </i>


<i>qtc nh9c gdy ye'u. </i>



<i>Blnh ruqu nho dii </i>cr;~n <i>r6i, b!nh ruqu Lon c6 L6i. Song m9t than </i>
<i>tro tr9i chdng being chit cho vfn. Khong cha bie't c{ly vao ai? </i>
<i>Khong mf bie't nuong vao ai? Ra khong quen duqc bi thuong, vao </i>


<i>th! khong c6 nguai than. </i>


<i>Cha </i>h~ <i>sinh ta, mf </i>h~ <i>duong ta. Vuo't ve ta, cho ta bu. Nuoi ta </i>
<i>LOn, </i>dr;~y db ta. Trang nom ta, nang do ta. <i>Ra vao b6ng ifm ta. On </i>
<i>sau muon ddp </i>d~n. <i>th{lt baa La nhu trai xanh. </i>


<i>D[CHTHCJ </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(8)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=8>

338


<i>Thu®g thay cha mf, </i>
<i>Sinh ta khd dau. </i>
<i>Co nga cao !Un, </i>


<i>Khong phdi co nga, mil co uy. </i>
<i>Thu®g thay cha mf, </i>


<i>Sinh ta kh6 b,ty. </i>


<i>Blnh df!ng rli<JU trong khong, </i>


Nh~;tc <i>cho chen ru<Ju n6ng. </i>
<i>Nhilng nguai co d()c so'ng, </i>
<i>Khong bling stfm che't di. </i>
<i>Khong cha ct;ly vao ai? </i>


<i>Khong mf tf!a noi dau? </i>
<i>Di ra th1 ngt;lm sdu, </i>
<i>TriJ vJ nhu chua den. </i>
<i>Cha hJ sinh rata, </i>
<i>M f hJ duiJng </i>d~,tc ta.


TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>V6 vJ yeu quy ta, </i>
<i>Nuoi fUn khan che chiJ. </i>
<i>U;li cham nom dam ng6, </i>
<i>Ra, vao om </i>

<i>lip </i>

<i>ta. </i>
<i>On sau muo'n dap dJn, </i>
<i>Nhu tr(!i xanh baa La. </i>
<i>Nui nam cao sitng silng, </i>
<i>Gi6 m(,lnh th6i vu vu. </i>
<i>Ngu(!i khong ai khong may, </i>
<i>Rieng ta sao phdi h(,li! </i>
<i>Nui nam cao ch6t v6t, </i>
<i>Gi6 m(,lnh th6i ao ao. </i>
<i>Nguai khong ai khong may, </i>
<i>Rieng ta khong dli<JC mai, </i>
<i>Nuoi cha mf den gia. </i>


<i>TVC. djch </i>


s(J

TU

~if



<i>4 </i>



<i>,1/f, </i> /. ~

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<i>{ff,', </i> X ;AE I;;J-t


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tit

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<i>Wi;J </i>



,M~m~~rmm~~?*AWM,M~M~Mrmã~


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%~~? <i>.n </i> o

@&:B:

<i>u-</i> ~MZ

:



<i>$JT </i>

<i>i* </i>

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<i>$JT </i>

<i>m </i>

131::,:t~ <i>t( , </i>~

§g

<i>.L-:A </i>

Jf

<i>z </i>

~ ~

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<i>Z </i>

<i>it </i>

<i>it </i>

13 -f- ?

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ftltrm *·

<i>JJ </i>



roAN THV Tl/ HQC CHa HAN 339


~a:~~Z*~~,~u~~-,~~Z*~~,~
U~~~o~*'~~W~o


<i>PHIENAM </i>



Nguphu



<i>Khuat Nguyen ky ph6ng, du 11 giang dam, hanh ngam </i>tr~ch


b~n, <i>nhan sac ti€u tl,J.y, hlnh dung kh6 do. Ngl1 phil kien nhi van </i>
chi viet:


- Til' phi Tam 111 d~i <i>phu dl1? Ha co chi 11 tl1? </i>
Khuat nguyen viet:


-Chung nhan giai trQc, nga doc thanh; chung nhan giai tuy, nga


doc tinh; <i>thi </i>di kien ph6ng.


<i>Ng11 phil viet: </i>


- Thanh nhan bat ngl1ng tr~ <i>11 </i>v~t, nhi nang dG' the th6i di. The
nhan giai trQC, ha bat qu~t ky ne nhi dl1ong ky ba? Chung nhan
<i>giai tuy, ha bat b6 ky tao nhi xuyet ky ly? Ha co tham tl1 cao eli', </i>


<i>tlf </i>linh ph6ng vi?
Khuat Nguyen viet:


Ng6 van chi, tan moe gia tat dan quan, tan dl,IC gia tat chan y,
an nang di than chi sat sat thl,l v~t chi van van giii h6? Ninh ph6
Tl1ong <i>lu'u, tang 11 giang ngl1 phuc trung, hlfu an nang di </i>h~o h~o


chi b~ch nhi m6ng the tl,IC chi tr~n ai h6?


<i>Ngl1 phil hoan nhi nhi tieu, c6 the nhi khu, nai ca viet: </i>


"Thl1ong Lang chi thily thanh h€, kha di tr~c nga anh.


"Thl1ong Lang chi thily trQc h€, kha di tr~c nga tile".


To~i khu, bat phl,IC du ng6n.


<i>Tac </i>

<i>gid-tac </i>

<i>pha·m </i>


<i>(SiJ til) </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(9)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=9>

340 TRAN VAN CHANH


Khuat nguyen sou khi ong do qua dCii. Nhdn vqt Khu6t Nguyen lffi&


(340-278 trlldc CN) Ia toe gia chfnh cua nhGng bai "Sa tC/" noi tieng. 6ng
ten thqt Ia Blnh. ngLJCii trong hoang t¢c nlldc sa. hQC r¢ng. nhieu tai.


nhllng b! vua ghet bo vl nghe lai giem pha cua ke x6u. buon ba mdi
viet ra thien 'Ly tao' de b¢c bqch noi long. sou om m¢t phien do nhay
xu6ng song M!ch La tl) t¢n. Con ·sa tC/' Ia m¢t hlnh thC/c co dao mdi
dllc;ic Khu6t Nguyen va m¢t s6 ngllai khac lam ra trong khoang the ky


thO Ill. IV trlldc CN tren ccJ sa gia cong. sang tqo va ph6t trien tC/ nhGng


co dao dan gian dllcJng thai; c6 the coi sa tC/ Ia m¢t loqi van xuoi co


van. den ddi Han mdi dllc;ic tqp hc;ip chung IQi thdnh tqp sach.


<i>TU NGO </i>


<i>.Giang dam </i> ?I~-: chi chung ch6n song h6 <i>eTr{lch h{ln </i>



wlfl.¥:ben ch~m, chi ben bo song <i>eKho cao </i>f6f~ :kh6 heo, h6c


hac, ti€u tl}y <i>eTii </i>

r

:6ng (d::ti tu nhan xl1ng ng6i thu hai) <i>eTam Itt </i>


<i>d{li phu - jgj </i>

*

:K :

m<)t chuc quan cao trong tri€u dlnh nl1oc

s

a,


coi v€ nhung vit%c cua hoang t<)c thu<)c ba hQ Khuat, Canh,


Chieue <i>Clzi 11 tzt </i>~ :fj~

Wf :

den n6i nude nft y <i>ePhong1J'x: </i>du6i di


<i>.Thanh nhiin </i>~A

: b?c thanh, thanh nhan

• <i>Ngztng trf </i>

'M: 1Wf:



cau nt%,

<i>c6 </i>

chap <i>eThoi di </i>jt ~ : xoay chuy~n, d6i thay <i>•QruJ,t </i>?.@:


v£n dl;lC (a day dung theo phep sll' d<)ng, voi nghTa la "lam cho


v£n dl;lc") <i>.Bo </i>~m: an <i>.Tao </i>

ff?:

ba rl1<;1u, hem <i>.Xuyit </i>I:X:u6ng


(dung nhl1 ~)eLy~~ :rl1<;1u nh::tt, rl1<;1u ngQn <i>eTiziim tzl </i>

rgjt'Ef, :

nghl


sau

(y

n6i lo nghT vit%c nude, vit%c dan) <i>.Cao cil </i>r%J ~: vit%c lam


khac voi ngl1oi blnh thl1ong <i>.Ljnh </i>

%:

khien cho <i>.Dan quan </i>

5' M



: tru bo bl;li b~m tren non (mil) <i>.Chiilz y </i>

f..[{

:t'(: tru bo bl;li b~m


tren ao <i>.sat sat </i>~ ~ : trong S::tch • <i>Viilz viilz </i> ~X ~)(: 6 trQC, nhd


nhop ã <i>Tliang iifĐ </i> :song Tl1dng <i>eTang </i>~ : chon <i>eH{lo h{lo </i>

8* 8*:



tdng toa t, (trang) 16m IO'p, trong trang <i>eTriln ai </i>~

<i>±9€ : </i>

bl;li b~m


<i>eHoan nhi </i>

'%

m':

mim cuoi eCd ~~: go eThiftit: cay giftm


<i>eThlidng Lang </i>

<i>1F; </i>

~: song Thl1dng Lang <i>eHi </i>

/5

:h€, a (tr<;1 tu )


<i>eTr{lc </i>~: gi~t <i>eAnh </i>~: leo mil, dai mil.


TOAN THV <i>Tl,1 </i>HQC CHU HAN 341


<i>NGO PHAP </i>


CD

<i>5! </i>

(kie'n): bi, dl1<;1c (tr<;J d<)ng tu, d~t ngay trudc d<)ng tu,


bi~u thi bi d<)ng): ~J;)J''tn'x (Thi dT <i>kiin </i>ph6ng).


®

~(vi): tr<;1 tu ngu khi

a

cu6i diu, bi~u thi nghi van:


fPJ

~)Cr~,'EI,~~ '

13

-%15'2~? (Ha cO' tham tl1 cao ell', ttf l!nh


ph6ng <i>vi?). </i>


®

~§g (an nang): sao c6 th~.


@

$

(ninh): tha: ~

II:Uif§

?liE

<i>(Ninh </i>ph6 tl1dng l11U).


®

::f~ (ba't pht;~c): kh6ng l::ti.


<i>D[CHNGHlA </i>


<i>Khwl't Nguyen da bj du6i bo, tho tha?n iJ ben bC! song bC! ddm, </i>


<i>vita di vita hat iJ ben ch!im, nhan sdc tiiu t¥-y, henh dung kh6 heo. </i>


<i>C6 6ng lao ddnh cd tr6ng thay, hoi: </i>


<i>- Ong phdi la Tam lu dg_i phu day chang? Sao rna din n6i the'? </i>


<i>Khua't Nguyen ddp: </i>


<i>- Thien hg. diu d!!-c, mqt menh ta trong, thien hg_ diu say, mqt </i>


<i>menh ta tlnh, cho nen bj du6i bo. </i>
<i>Ong lao ddnh cd n6i: </i>


- <i>Thanh nhan kh6ng cau </i>

n~ vi~c

<i>ge rna bie't tuy thC!i thay d6i. </i>


<i>NguC!i dC!i diu di!-C the sao kh6ng khuay them bun, d(jp them song </i>


<i>cho di!-c mqt thi? Thien hg_ diu say the sao kh6ng an cd men, hup </i>


<i>cd ba cho say mqt thi? </i>Vi~c <i>ge rna phdi nghT sau, lam khdc nguC!i </i>


<i>;jKb• ;j </i> A?• <i>b?? </i>


<i>Lle </i> <i>fuUOl </i> <i>0. </i>


<i>Khua't Nguyen ddp; </i>


<i>- T6i nghe n6i, mai gqi ddu ta't chdi mii, mai tdm xong ttit thay </i>


<i>do; c6 dau dem cdi than trong sg_ch rna chju v(jt nho nhap du(Jc? </i>



<i>Tha </i> <i>nhdy xuo'ng song TuCJng, vui than trong b¥-ng cd, chu sao </i>


<i>dang trdng lam lOJJ rna chju vay b¥-i cat cua the' t/!-C? </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(10)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=10>

342


<i>"Song Thuong nu(Jc chdy trong veo, </i>
<i>Thz ta dem gi(it cdi leo mu ta. </i>
<i>Song Thuong nuac d[!,c chdy ra, </i>
<i>Thz ta l9i xu6ng di ma nla chan". </i>
<i>Hat xong, di thdng, kh6ng them m<?t lifi. </i>


TRAN VAN CHANH



<i>---NGUYEN HIEN </i>

<i>LE </i>

<i>dich </i>


<i>( Trung Quae win h9C sa, </i>t~p I)

m



<i>5 </i>


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<i>w </i>

ttr:: 4Hf
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roAN THU Tl,l HQC CHU HAN 343


<i>PRIEN AM </i>


B6c cti



Khua't Nguyen ky ph6ng, tam nien ba't dac phl.Jc kien, ki~t tri


tan trung, nhi te chuang <i>11 </i>sam, tam phi~n y lo(;ln, ba't tri sa tong,


niii vang kien thai b6c Trinh Thi~m Doan viet:


- Du huu sd nghi, nguy~n nhan tien sinh quyet chi. Thi~m


Doan nai doan sach, pha't quy, viet:


-Quan tuong ha di giao chi?


Khua't Nguyen viet:


- Ng6 ninh kh6n kh6n, khoan khoan, phac di trung h6? Tuong


t6ng vang l<;1o lai, tu v6 cung h6? Ninh tru su thao mao di ltfc


canh h6? Tuong du d<;1i nhan di thanh danh h6? Ninh chinh ng6n
bat huy di nguy than h6? Tuong tong tl)C phu quy di thau sinh


h6? Ninh sieu nhien cao ell' di bao chan h6? Tuong sue ti l~t ti,


ac y nhu nhi di stf phl.J nhan h6? Ninh liem khiet chinh trtfc di ttf



thanh h6? Tuong d()t the ho(;lt ke nhu' chi nhu' vi di

hi~t

doanh h6?


Ninh ngang ngang nhu'QC thien ly chi cau h6? Tuong phiem


phiem nhu'QC thuy trung chi phu h6? Du ba thu'ong ha, thau di


toan ng6 khu h6? Ninh du ky ky khang ach h6? Tuong tuy n6 rna


chi tich h6? Ninh du hoang h()c

ti

dtfc h6? Tuong du ke Vl.J tranh
thtfc h6? ThU' thl)C cat, thl)C hung? Ha khu ha tong? The h6n trQC
nhi bat thanh, thi~n dtfc vi trQng, thien quan vi khinh; hoang


chung huy khi, ngoa phu 16i minh; sam nhan cao truong,

hi~n

si


v6 danh. Hu ta, m~c m~c h~, thuy tri ng6 chi liem trinh?


Thi~m Doan nai thich sach nhi t<;1 viet:


- Phu xich huu sa doan, th6n huu sa truong; v~t huu sd ba't


tuc, tri huu sa bat minh, s6 huu sa ba't dai, th~n huu sa bat thong.
Dl,lng quan chi tam, hanh quan chi y. Quy sach· thanh bat nang tri


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(11)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=11>

344 TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>(Sil tt't) </i>


<i>Tac gia-tac phiim </i>



Bai nay tllCing truyen cOng cua Khuat Nguyen. nhllng thl)c te chi Ia
truyen thuyet do nglloi nlloc Sd ghi IQi d§ tll&ng ni$m 6ng sou khi 6ng


do qua doi.


<i>Tl1NG0 </i>


<i>.cu.@-</i>

:

C1 ( C1 day c6 nghia la d<,to xll' the', each cu xii') <i>ePh6ng </i>

<i>1fJ. : </i>

du6i bo <i>eKie'n </i>

J!

:g~p <i>eKift tri </i>!1~ ~ :dung he't tri tu~ .Tt
<i>chlidng </i>~jiJ*: che la'p ngan trCi <i>.sam </i>~l: giem pha, ke sam ninh


<i>eTam phiin y lo{ln </i>{,-

<i>tffi: </i>

~

;L:

tam th~n roi lo<,tn, ru<)t gan roi boi


<i>eThai boc-;k;. </i>

!'- :

ten chile quan chuyen coi v~ vi~c b6i <i>.Nhan </i>[!]:


nho <i>•Quye't </i>~ : quye't dinh <i>.Stich </i>~ (cling vie't la

* ):

co thi


dung d€ b6i <i>eDoan sachftffij </i>~: xe'p l<,ti co thi cho ngay ngan .Quy


t$_: mai rua dung d€ b6i <i>ePhat quy </i>:t~ t$_ : phui (b1,1i) tren mai rua


<i>eNinh ... tlidng </i>

$

M~ (xem ph~n <i>Ngfl phap (j </i>duoi) <i>eKho?n khifn </i>


<i>khoan khoan </i>·f·i!J·f·I!I~:X ~

:

he't long trung thanh, trung thanh he't


ml,I'c <i>ePhac di trung </i>~.L-.:t~,: th.;it tha rna trung thanh <i>eTong viing </i>


<i>l{lo lai </i>

<i>m </i>

1i#*:

di de'n dau cling dua d6n tie'p dai <i>.vo </i>


ciing~~: kh6ng di de'n dau rna kh6ng thong (di dau cling dUQC



trot lQt) <i>eTru sit </i>

§*i!h:

di~t tnr, cuoc xoi (Ci day

§*

cling nghia


roAN THU TIJ HQC CHU HAN


-

345


vdi

jj]) .Du

<i>dl,li nluin </i>

3J[f

-}(A: lui toi nhung nguoi

quy~n

quy
<i>.Thanh danh </i>

JJX.ij:

gay dQ'ng ten tu61e <i>Nguy than </i>

m~:

nguy
h(li de'n than mlnh eThau sinh

y~

<i>{±_ ( </i>

9~

= '\'@tr): song t<,tm bQ (theo
thuye't cua Vuong D.;it thl "thau sinh" la than du<;jc an vui) eCiuin


~:

ban tinh <i>eSuc ti lijt ti, tic y nhu nhi </i>

OJE

~

'\~

Wf

oi_

~jt 0~

O)t:


gu<;jng n6i gu<;jng cuoi (lam ra ve tuoi cuoi d€

chi~u

theo y
nguoi)

ePh~t

<i>nhan </i>

<i>9w )\: </i>

nguoi dan ba. Day chi Trinh T1,1 la
nguoi du<;jc vua SCi Hoai Vuong sung ai

eT~I

<i>thanh </i>

§

1~:

lam cho
mlnh du<;Jc trong s(lch (chiT

1~

dung nhu d<)ng tu theo phep sll'
d<)ng) <i>.D()t the ho{lt </i>

ke~ :f~

m-

~

:

tron trinh tron tru, xu6i theo


<i>.Chi </i>

~9::

mo• Vi

~:

da thu<)c <i>eHifl </i>

~

: do luang (do cai tron


gQi la

"hi~t")

<i>eDoanh </i>

:f~:

cay c<)t

eHi~t

<i>doanh : do cay c<)t tron; </i>


vl khi do thl phai xu6i theo

b~

tron, nen c1,1m tli

"hi~t

doanh" c6 y
n6i xu ph1,1 theo the' ll,I'c, chlm n6i theo doi <i>eN gang </i>

ngang~ ~:


ngang tang kh6ng chiu cam tam cui

d~u

<i>ePhie'm phitm </i>

~[2 ~[2:


tr6i n6i v6 d!nh .Phil

~:

con vit rung, con le eKy ky

f.m

,ifj: ngl,I'a
ky va ngl,I'a ky

(d~u

la nhung giong ngl,I'a gioi) <i>.Khang1C: </i>gio
len <i>.Ach </i>tjjm: cai ach (d€ thang nglfavao xe) .Dil ky ky khang ach



W.f.m!r~1C

tjjm: thang xe chung voi ngl,I'a ky, nglfa ky eNoJl;:


nglfa hen <i>.Ti'iy no mii chi tich </i>

~

<i>Jl; </i>

-~

<i>L </i>

lf!j]i: ch(ly theo ngl,I'a


hen <i>.Hoang h()c </i>

ji]i~:

chim hoang h<)c, thien nga <i>.Tl difc </i>

.l:t

it:



bay chung

<i>.vv </i>

~:con

vit troi

<i>.Hfm </i>

100:

v~n

d1,1c

0~

yi}

=

1.EUIJ


[hon trQc ],

v~n

d1,1c, nho nhdp, do

b~n)

<i>.Qulin </i>

~~:

quan ( don vi
trQng lu<;5ng thoi xua, bang 30 can) <i>.Hoang chung </i>

ji~j:

chuang
vang (m<)t lo(li nh<,tc khi ra't to, phat ra tie'ng to va trong treo)


<i>•Ngoa phil </i>

][~:

n6i da't set <i>eLoi minh </i>

'§§P.~:

tie'ng keu nhu sam


<i>Cao trztdng </i>

~5~:

khoac lac (chi C1 dia vi cao) <i>eV6 </i> <i>danh </i>


~~:

kh6ng c6 danh vi, kh6ng du<;Jc b6

nhi~m

<i>eThich </i>

~':

roi ra,
bu6ng ra <i>eT{l </i>

~t:

cao loi

.so'~:

so,

thu~t

so, que b6i <i>eDiii </i>

~:



</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(12)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=12>

346


TRAN VAN CHANH
xu'ng ng6i thU' hai).


<i>NGOPHAP </i>


CD

<i>fR(u'): </i>gidi tU' bi€u thj bj d<)ng, c6 th€ djch la "bj ... bai ... ":


ffiHij~~~fRgl (Nhi te chuang <i>11 </i>sam).


@

<i>z </i>

(chi): t6i, chung t6i (dung nhu

fJ<;

[nga], di;ii tll' nhan

Xu'ng ng6i thU' nhat ):

~M~1PJ.L-~~z?

(Quan tu'ong ha di giao


<i>chi?). </i>


®~A

(thvc): cai gl, gl (d?i

<i>tu </i>

nghi van):

ilt~A~~l:AI29

.

.

.

? (Thii'


thl,IC cat <i>thl}C </i>hung ... ?).


@ <i>fQ] </i>(ha): cai gl, gl (di;ii tll' nghi van):

fPJ:ftfPJ1tf?

<i>(Ha khu ha </i>


' ?)
tong ..


®

x

(phil): tr<;f tU'

d~u

cau (= phat ngu

<i>tu ), </i>

v6 nghia, thuCing
d€ rna

d~u

m<)t do<;1n van nghj lu?n:

<i>xR.1==J7'ifTf.£_ ..</i>

<i>. </i>

<i>(Phu </i>xich <i>huu </i>


<i>sa </i>

doan ... ).


<i>D[CHNGHiA </i>


(/

~

,



}

~'%

.

~



\

\

~



.

~

~

\1

.

.

...

~



<i>'</i>

<i>WJ </i>




<i>h </i>

<i></i>


<i>:/'r,-Khuat Nguyen </i>
<i>Boi each Clt xit </i>


<i>Khuat Nguyen bj du6i bo, ba nam khong du(/c gijp lt:;Ii vua, tQn </i>
<i>trf t(in trung ma bj fiJi giem pha che lap, long phiJn, </i>

<i>y </i>

<i>lo(ln, khong </i>
<i>hilt nen ra sao, moi lt;zi tham quan thai bo'c Trinh Thiim Doan, </i>
<i>n6i: </i>


<i>- Toi c6 dtiu nghi, xin tien sinh quyet cho. </i>


<i>Thiim Doan sita ngay lt:;Ii co thi, phui mai rua, hoi: </i>

'



roAN THU' TIJ HQC CHa HAN 347


<i>- Ong mwfn dt:;Iy toi vi?c gz? </i>


<i>Khulit Nguyen ddp: </i>


<i>- Toi nen khdn khdn, khoiin khoiin, thimh thf:(c di he't long </i>
<i>trung chang? Hay nen dua don theo diJi di khoi khan cung? Nen </i>
<i>bua giliy co !au di he't sac lam ruqrig chang? Hay nen giao du voi </i>
<i>ke sang di cdu danh? Nen n6i thdng chdng kieng ni gz di nguy </i>
<i>than chang? Hay nen theo thai tt:tC, cdu giau sang di song cdu </i>
<i>thii? Nen sieu nhien xua't the' di gifl thien chan chang? Hay nen </i>
<i>njnh hot, khum num, xun xoe, gu(/ng n6i gu(/ng cuiJi di hdu ht:;I </i>
<i>dan ba? Nen liem khie't, thinh trf:(c di du(/c trong st:;Ich chang? </i>
<i>Hay nen tron trfnh, tr(Jn tru nhu ma, nhli da di dli(/C nhu cdi CQt </i>
<i>bong? Nen ngang tang nhu con ngf:(a thien ly chang? Hay nen </i>


<i>tenh denh nhu con vit iJ tren mijt nuoc cung nhap nho voi song di </i>
<i>biio </i> <i>toan lay than? Nen cht:;Iy dua voi loai ngf:(a </i> <i>kjl, </i> <i>ngf:(a ky </i>
<i>chang? Hay nen theo cdi ve't cua loai ngf:(a him? Nen cung bay </i>
<i>voi loai chim hoang hQC chang? Hay nen cung tranh an voi ga </i>
<i>vjt? Duong nao edt, duiJng nao hung? Bo duiJng nao, theo duiJng </i>
<i>nao? DiJi hbn trQC ma khong thanh thz cdnh con ve Ia nijng ma </i>
<i>nghtn can Ia nhf; chuang vang thz bo nat con nbi da't tht keu </i>
<i>vang; ke giem pha thz len chan, nguiJi hdn sf tht v6 danh. Than </i>
<i>oil Bitt n6i gt day? Ai bie't ta Ia trong S(lch? </i>


<i>Thdm Doan dijt co thi xuo'ng ma t(l rdng: </i>


<i>- Thuoc c6 khi ngdn, ma ta'c c6 khi dai; vQt c6 chb khong du </i>
<i>ma tri c6 chb khong sang; so' c6 chb dodn khong toi ma thdn c6 </i>
<i>chb khong thong. Ong ca theo long ong ma lam dung y 6ng. Co </i>
<i>thi va mai rua thQt khong bie't dli(/C vi?c ay. </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(13)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=13>

348


<b>TU THU' - NGO KINH </b>



tz:g

~-li *~



KINHDJCH~ *~



<i>6 </i>


TRAN VAN CHANH


fl~z*

ffll~




fl~z*~~~-;fl~~z*~~~*o~~~·~


~X~·~-~-~z~·Xffi~*~~~·~rnz~



~rnfuo~B:BC~~¥o~~~fu o




-#. - ~


·~- ·~



.

<b>1:1 </b>

~

<b>.. </b>

<b>:1: </b>



··~

~.. • •

.:~

'#"


••



••


<i>PHLENAM </i>


Tfch thi~n chi gia


Tich thi~n chi gia tat huu dli khanh; tich bat thi~n chi gia tat
huu dli liang. Thfin thi ky quan,

nl'

thi ky ph\1, phi nhat trieu nhat
tich chi co, ky sa do lai gia ti~m hi, do bi~n chi bat tao bi~n diL
Dich viet:

Ly

sliang kien bang chi. Cai ng6n thu?n da.


<i>(Chu Djch, que Khon, Van ngon truy?n) </i>



roAN THV <i>n,1 </i>HQC CHU HAN 349


<i>Tac giii-tac philm </i>


<i>Kinh Djch (con gQi Ia Chu Djch) Ia </i>·mc;>t trong nhQng bQ s6ch triet ly
do SQ nhat cua Trung Quae co dQi, dll<;IC xep vao h$ thong NgO kinh
<i>cua Nho gi6o. Tllong truyen Chu Djch do Chu Van Vuong (khoang the </i>
ky 11 truoc CN) lam ra. dll<;ic Khong Tu (551-479 trlloc CN) san djnh.
dan giai. Bai nay trich trong Van ng6n truy$n cua Que khan. n6i ve
luÂt tich thi~n


<i>TUNG(! </i>


<i>Khanh </i> ã : phuc <i>l!dng </i>

7:k::

hQa, tai <i>liang .Thilnf!2.: bfty t6i </i>


<i>.Thi </i>~ giet <i>.Qulin </i>~: vua

<i>.sa </i>

<i>do lai </i>

pffffi

*:

nguyen do dlia
den, ngu6n

<i>g6c.Do </i>

E13:

(xem <i>Ngil phap (J </i> dlioi).Bi~n ¥~: phan


bi~t, bi~n bi~t

(dung nhli

<i>Win </i>

<i>.Ljft: d<,lp len, xeo len .Thuqnll[&: </i>


theo <i>Chu Djch ban nghia </i>thl II[& dung thong voi '!'~ (th~n)

y

n6i


dn phai nh~n ra n6 luc n6 moi phat sinh.


<i>NG(! PHAP </i>


CD

El3

(do): do, bdi (gioi tu chi nguyen nhan):


~¥~Z)f~¥~fu

<i>(Do </i>

bi~n chi bat tao bi~n da) .



®

:i!

(cai): d<.ti khai (ph6 tu): ~~lll&fu(Cai ng6n thu~n da).


<i>D!CH NGHlA </i>


<i>Nha tich diiu </i>thi~n


<i>Nha tich chua ddu thi?n ttlt c6 phuc thita vi sau; nha tich </i>
<i>chua ddu de ta't c6 hQa thita vi sau. Bdy toi gilt vua, con gilt </i>
<i>cha, khong phdi nguyen do m9t sam m9t chiiu, ngubn go'c cua n6 </i>


<i>La ldn ldn phdt sinh ra, do kh6ng sam nht;in ri5 thay chan tuang </i>


<i>vt;iy. Kinh Djch n6i: EJgp len suong thi bilt sdp c6 bang cung. fJ(li </i>
<i>dlla phdi tht;in trQng ngay tit truac. </i>


<i>TVC. djch </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(14)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=14>

350


TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>7 </i>


7(#±ill~

m.J

~


7(#~~,~~~*;~~U~,~~~*o



JJJij¥:ffm- ,

~u *~* 0


:1J

1.-)Jt~ ~

' 1o/J

<i>1--.J </i>

<i>u)} ' </i>

<i>5129 </i>

~

*

0


1£7(JJX:~

' 1±±ill!JX:% '

~1t~*

0
<i>PHIENAM </i>


hi


Thien ton

dja

ti



Thien ton dia ti, Can Khon dinh hi; ti cao di tr~n, quy ti~n vi
D()ng tinh huu thttong, cttcrng nhu doan hi


Phuong di lo~i tl;l, v~t di qu~n phan, cat hung sinh hi


T~i thien thanh tttqng, t~i dia thanh hlnh, bien h6a hi~n hi

<i>(Chu Djch, H? tit thli(Jng) </i>


<i>Tac gid-tac philm </i>



Bai nay trich (J <i>phon dau "H$ tCJ thLJQng truy$n' cua Chu Dich. ban </i>


<i>Ve Sl,f </i>bien h6a d(>ng tTnh CUO CUO <i>VU tn,J VQn VQt thea lu(Jt dm dll<Jng</i>.
<i>TUN </i>

<i>GO </i>



<i>.Can </i>

~

:

que Can

<i>•Khon </i>

~: que Kh6n

<i>.Djnh </i>

}E: dinh ra,


d~t

ra

<i>.Triln </i>

~-*:

bay ra

<i>•Quj ti?n </i>

~~~:

sang va hen

<i>ãDQng </i>


<i>tinh i}J </i>

ijƠ:

d9ng va dung yen, d()ng trnh

<i>.Cudng nhu </i>

~U*: cung


va m€m

<i>•Dolin </i>

~:

phan chia

r~ch

roi

<i>.Phudngj]: </i>

d~o,

quan


ni~m y thuc thu()c ph~m trii triru tttcjng

<i>•Lo(li </i>

~: lo~i, loai

<i>•Tli(Jng </i>

~: h'inh tu'cjng (chi m~t troi, trang sao ... ) .Hi?n~: hi~n
ra (dung nhtt .f~).


TOAN THll <i>Tl,l </i>HQC CHlJ HAN 351


<i>NCO PHAP </i>


CD

*

(hi): trCJ tir bi~u thi kh£ng dinh: ~t$5E* (Can kh6n
dinh <i>hi). </i>


®

<i>tJ </i>

(di): theo (gidi tir): ~tJ~J}(V~t <i>di qugn phan)</i>.


<i>D[CH NGHlk </i>


<i>Trdi cao diit thiip </i>



<i>TriJi caa dlit thap, vi tri cua que Can que Khan moi dut;Jc </i>
<i>(thdnh nhan) xdc dinh; caa thap dii bay ra thl Sl;{ quy va ti?n cua </i>


<i>sl;( vt;it moi dliu vaa ngoi vi nay. </i>


<i>E>qng va tinh cua triJi da't dii c6 quy lut;it nha't dinh thl tinh cha't </i>
<i>duong cuong va lim nhu moi phlin bi?t n;zch roi. </i>


<i>Cdc quan ni?m y thac trang thien hc;z </i> t~;t <i>h9p nhau thea lac;zi, </i>
<i>(con) cdc laai dqng thl;(c vt;it thz phlin ra thea nh6m, tit d6 moi </i>
<i>sinh ra edt va hung. </i>


<i>Nhflng vt;it tren triJi (nht;it nguy?t tinh thdn ... ) thanh ra nhdu </i>
<i>biiu tut;Jng; nhflng vt;it (j duoi da't (nui song,dqng thl;(c vt;it...) thanh </i>


<i>ra nhdu hznh thi; le bie'n h6a nhu vt;iy dii hi?n ro. </i>


<i>TVC. dich </i>


LE KY

tl

~c



<i>8 </i>



wti&~~

<i>fff. </i>

t~~c


fL-=f~~

w

f~~

,

:ff~w A~:O~£f3

iffi:R

o

x-=ft\:~Z

,



~

-=f~~za: r-=fZ~*'•M~:ff-f3?Jo~B



</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(15)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=15>

352 <sub>TRAN VAN CHANH </sub>


<i>.n </i>

:K .::F-

El :

II"

<i>1PJ </i>

~

/f -:t tl1

?

<i>.n </i> °

El :

ll"

<i>1m </i>

~

<i>i& </i>

<i>.n </i> 0

:K



.::F-E!<

1r ;J\.:r:-~z o ~i&

1

~~~!JE-tl1.n 0


<i>PHIENAM </i>


Ha chfnh manh u' h6


Kh6ng Ttl' qua Thai Son trac, huu pht.J nhan khoc u m<) gia nhi
ai. Phu ttl' thuc thfnh chi, sll' Ttl' L<) van chi viet: "Ttl' chi khoc da,
nhat tlf trung huu ttu gia ?". Nai viet: "Nhien. Tfch gicl ng6 cuu ttl'
u h6, ng6 phu hlfu ttl' yen, kim ng6 ttl' hlfu ttl' yen". Phu ttl' viet:
"Ha vi bat khu da?" Viet: "V6 ha chfnh". Phu ttl' viet: "Ti~u ttl'



chi chi. Ha chfnh manh u h6 da ".


(L~ <i>ky) </i>


<i>Tac gia-tlic philm </i>


<i>Le ky </i>cOng Ia m¢t trong 5 b¢ sdch trong h$ thong NgO kinh cua Nho
gido, c6 le Ia cong trinh t¢p the cua nhieu the h$. Den cu6i dc':ii Han,


Md Dung chan chTnh IQi con 49 thien nhli ngay nay, n¢i dung ghi IQi
nhOng dieu c6 lien quan den che d¢, le nghi, phep tOe cua Trung
Qu6c co dQi, dong thc':ii cOng boo hOm nhOng tli tlicng ve chinh trj,


ludn ly, triet hQc ... Bai nay trich trong thien"Dan cung hQ", dung m¢t
mau chuy$n ngan de t6 coo m¢t each thdm tram te nh! chinh sdch
tan bQO cua nhd cam quyen Trung Qu6c dli<Jng thc':ii.


<i>TUNGO </i>


<i>eMi) </i>£: ng6i m<) <i>eAi </i>-R,: bi thuong, bi ai, bu6n tham <i>ePhu til </i>


:K.::f:

phu ttl' (tieng d~ ton xung nhung nguoi c6 hQc thuc dang


trQng VQng thoi Xu'a) <i>eThilc:J'\ : </i>tlfa vao don ngang xe cui mlnh


xuong

d~

to

y

kfnh le (dung nhu'

fit)

<i>eCilu </i>

~:

cha ch6ng


<i>eKhz£-:t: </i> bo di <i>eHa chinh </i>~

iJ&:

chfnh sach ha khac <i>eTiiu </i>
<i>tti;j\.::f: </i>con (tieng d~ gQi hang con chau ho?c hQc tro) .Chi~:
ghi nhd.


TOAN THlJTl,l HQC CHa HAN 353


<i>NGO PHAP </i>


CD

~

(

nha't)(d<;trtg viet kep cua - ): th~t la <i>(ph6 </i>


tu): ~{J;l,£

:ff?ff3

<i>(Nhlit </i>tl! trung huu ttu gia).


®

~(yen):

d<;ti tu chi thi 'hQp am cua

~+z'

c6

th~

<i>dich </i>la
,, d' <sub>o </sub> <sub>0, </sub> <sub>VI </sub>' d'" <sub>0 . </sub> T <sub>rong </sub> b'. <sub>at, </sub> :E..±:v:z;r;~ <sub>o:l':A?'Lfi'W- o : l ' : A</sub>-:E..±:v];'Ct:A---'7-<sub>?'</sub><sub></sub>


L/J::.,<_-~:K'X.n ~~

<i>!JE . </i>



®

fPJ~ (ha vi): vl sao (dung d~ hoi).


@{Q. (da): trQ tu cuoi cau:


a) Bi~u thi nghi van: 1PJ~/f-:ttl1

?

(Ha vi bat khu <i>dii?) </i>


b) Bi~u thi kh~ng dinh: ~

<i>i& </i>

1~~~

<i>!JE-tl1 </i>

(Ha chfnh manh u
h6 <i>dii). </i>


<i>D[CHNGHlA </i>


<i>Chinh sach ha kluic tim b{lO hdn C(Jp </i>


<i>Khllng Tit di qua ben nui Thai Se!n, c6 mqt nguiJi dim ba kh6c </i>


<i>6' </i>

<i>m9 r!it bi thuCJng. Phu tit tf;(a vao don ngang xe cui minh xuc/ng </i>


<i>di nghe, sai Tit L9 hoi ba ta rdng: "Tie'ng kh6c cua ba duiJng nhu </i>


<i>c6 </i>nhi~u <i>n6i dau bu6n?".(NguiJi dan ba) ben trd fiJi rling: "Dung </i>


<i>tht Ngay tru(Jc cha chbng t6i che't vi c(Jp, chbng t6i cung che't vi </i>


<i>c(Jp, nay con t6i lc;Ii chit vi c9p". Phu tit n6i rdng: "Tc;Ii sao ba </i>
<i>khong bo di?". (Nguoi dan ba) ddp: </i>

<i>"CJ </i>

<i>day kh6ng c6 chinh sdch </i>
<i>ha khdc". Phu tit n6i rdng: "Cdc tro hay ghi nho </i>di~u <i>d6. Chinh </i>
<i>sdch ha khdc con tan bc;IO he!n C(Jp ". </i>


<i>TVC. djch </i>


w



<i>9 </i>


*

IPJ

t~~c



§

frf:!Ft:,W~~~~it' ~·'

I±\

~~~ID[z_t' o~~fffiOJ

o


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(16)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=16>

354 <sub>TRAN VAN CHANH </sub>

fL-1-B :

u- <i>*i]Iz </i>

frfu '

W-

*Z.~

'

l i

7KZ~-ti1

,

fffi



~;G~.n 0


<i>u-</i> <i>*i]Iz </i>

fffu '

:JC-r~0

, ~JiW§g

,

~1§

flffHi

o

i!ix



A~~m~m,~~-1-~-1-,~~~M~,M~ffim,



w~ffi~'~'-'M'~'~*~,~~ffiR;~~



~'~~&;~~~-~~-ti1'~~-~2;~~~~


lli~~-ti1,~~~2o~~~Mfffi~R,~Ma~fffi~



<i>11= , </i>

i!!Jz:

<i>7}? </i>

fffi

~

M ,

~

~

*

fPJ

<i>.n </i>


<i>PHIENAM </i>


D~i d6ng


Tich TrQng Ni dlf u l~p tan, slf tat, xuat du u quan chi thu<;Jng,
vj nhien nhi than. TrQng Ni chi than, cai than Lo da. Ng6n Y~n


t~i td:c, viet: "Quan ttl' ha than?". Kh6ng Ttl' viet: "D~i d~o chi
hanh da, du Tam d~i chi anh, Khau vj chi dai da, nhi huu chi
yen.


"D~i d~o chi hanh da, thien h~ vi c6ng, tuy~n hi~n du nang,
giang tin tu ffii}C. Co nhan bat OQC than ky than, bat OQC ttl' ky ttl',
sli' lao huu Sd chung, trang huu Sd dl}ng, au huu Sd trudng, quan,
qua, co, d<)c, phe t?t gia, giai huu <i>sCi </i>duong; nam huu ph?n, nil'
huu quy; h6a o ky khi u aja da, bat tat tang u ky; life o ky bat
xuat u than da, bat tat vj ky. Thj co muu be nhi bat hung, d~o
thiet

lo~n

t?c nhi bat tac, co

ngo~i

hQ nhi bat be, <i>thi </i> vi

d~i


a6ng".


(L~ <i>kj) </i>
<i>Tac gia-tlic philm </i>



Bai nay trich trong thien "Le v(ln" chlieing "8c;ti dong", m6 tO Lioc <i>md </i>


ve m<?t xd hQi c6ng bang, ly tli&ng trong tlicng lai - mQt xd hQi dc;ti
dong, khi d6 thien hc;t, cua cai Ia cua chung cua mQi nglidi.


roAN THu' TV HQC CHU HAN 355




<i>-rU </i>

<i>NGO </i>


<i>eD{li d6ng </i>

*[P]:

the gioi hoa blnh thong nhat eDifW: tham dlf,


dlf vao <i>.L{lp </i>~ij: te ch~p (le te ell' hanh vao thang 12 moi nam)


.T

at~:

xong <i>eTan'ffi: khach .Qzuin </i>

im:

m6n khuyet, cll'a khuyet


(cll'a c6 hai lftu gac

a

truoc cung di~n, d~n dai ... )

<i>.vj </i>

nhienD~?t,:


bui ngui, ng?m ngui <i>.ThanDI_: than thCi (cling viet </i>la~).TrQng


<i>Ni </i>

f

r:fl/E:

ten cua Kh6ng Ttl' <i>eNgon Yin </i> ~=~ fj!: tuc Ttl' Du (hQc tro


Kh6ng Ttl') <i>eD{li d{lo*i]I: </i> d~o IOn (theo chu giai cua Trinh


Huy~n, la d~o trj nude cua thai Ngli de) <i>eTam d{li chi anh </i>


.:=.1~z~: "tam d~i" la 3 doi H~, Thuong, Chu; "anh" la nguoi


tai nang xuat chung, chi nhung nhan v?t nhu Vli, Thang, Van,



Yo, Thanh Vuong, Chu C6ng, d~u la nhung b?c thanh nhan ly


tu&ng cua Nho gia eDiii~: Iqp <i>.Chi </i>

$:

sach ghi chep (theo


thuyet cua Chu Ban; day cling c6 th~ hi~u la "d~ chi vao", nhu


bai dich

a

duoi) <i>.Cong </i>

0:

c6ng, chung

.Hi~n

J[:

nguoi

hi~n

(c6


tai due) <i>.Niing§g: ngu'oi gioi (c6 tai nang) .Dil </i>

W:

va (lien tU),


nhung c6 thuyet cho Wdung thong voi '*(ell') ngh1a la

"d~

ell',


cat nhifc" <i>eQuan </i>~*: gia rna khong CO VQ(Cling viet la ~) <i>eQua </i>


• : gia rna kh6ng c6 ch6ng

<i>.co </i>

JJJl:

tre rna kh6ng c6 cha (m6 c6i


cha) <i>eDI)c </i>~: gia rna kh6ng c6 con <i>ePhqn </i>~: chile nghi~p <i>eQuy </i>
~fff: con gai xuat gia gQi la "quy", day c6 th~ hi~u la noi gia dlnh


d~

tr&

v~

<i>.Hoa </i>

~:

hang hoa, tai nguyen

<i>.6 </i>

<i>ky khi li dja </i>


~;!'.{·1J~±t: kh6ng d~ cho chung

<i>bi </i>

bo phe duoi oat <i>.Tang </i>

S:



cat chua

eL{lC~:

tri life va lao life

<i>.6 </i>

<i>ky bat xuat ll than dii </i>


~;!'.{~ llin~~

fu:

sQ ding chung khong phat huy ra tu than


mlnh <i>eMztu </i>

~:

am muu, muu ke <i>.Be' </i>

M:

dong

l~i,

d?p tift



<i>•Hztng </i>$: day len, n6i len <i>eD{lO thiet lo{lll tijc </i>~

M

~L ~: tr<)m


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(17)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=17>

356


TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>NG0PHAP </i>


·

CD~

(cai): c6 le, duong nhu (ph6 tll'):

~Pl ~111

<i>(Cai </i>than

L6


da).


®

<i>z </i>

(chi) trong cau

Ji*Z.~-fft

(Khau

<i>vi </i>

<i>chi </i>

dai da) la tan
ngu cua d<)ng tll'

~

(dai). Trong cau phu dinh, tan ngu thuong
d?t trudc d<)ng tu ( khong viet:

Ji*~Z.

1ft)

(xem l<;1i phfrn II, bai


93, <i>Ngil phdp ). </i>


@

<i>m </i>

(than) va

<i>T </i>

(til') thu nhat trong bai du'QC dung nhu
d<)ng tll'. Rieng chu

r

dung theo phep

y

d<)ng, c6 nghia "coi la
con",

<i>iJ </i>

day c6 th€ <i>dich </i>la"thuong yeu, nuoi duong ... ".


@ ~t& (thj

co):

vl the.


®

~~

(thj vi): d6 gQi la, nhu' the gQi la

(~

la d<;ii tu chi' thi
d€ chi' l<;1i di€u da n6i <i>(J </i>trudc ).


<i>D[CHNGH[A </i>


<i>Dq_i ddng </i>



<i>Xua, TrQng Ni lam tan khdch, dlf ll te' chqp </i>

<i>a </i>

<i>nude </i>

<i>LJ. </i>



<i>Vi¢c dii xong, ra nghl choi </i>

<i>a </i>

<i>ch6 m6n khuye't, ngai bui ngui </i>


<i>rna than. TrQng Ni than d6 chang than nude </i>

<i>LJ. </i>

<i>Ng6n Yin </i>

<i>a </i>



<i>ben, n6i: "NguC!i quan til than gi the'?". </i> <i>Kh6?ng Til ddp: </i>


<i>"Khuu nay kh6ng duqc kip thay dq.i dq.o thi hanh va cdc bf].c </i>
<i>anh hdn </i>

<i>a </i>

<i>Tam dai, rna chl c6 chi </i>.

<i>a </i>

<i>viec lam cila cdc anh </i>.
<i>hdn ay thai. </i>


<i>"Dq.i dq.o rna thi hanh thi thien hq. La c6ng cqng (cila </i>
<i>chung}, ken nguC!i anh hdn, ell nguC!i tai nang, gidng ddu tin </i>
<i>thlfc, sua ddu hoa mlj-c, nen nguC!i ta kh6ng rieng than nguC!i </i>


<i>than minh, kh6ng rieng yeu con cdi minh, khie'n cho nguCii </i>


<i>gia c6 cdi nuong dlfa di chat dC!i, nguC!i tre c6 vi¢c lam di </i>
<i>thi tho: nguC!i be c6 slf chan ddt di ldn len; hq.ng quan phu, </i>


<i>qud </i>

ph~j-,

<i>c6i cut, don chie'c va tan tt].t diu duqc nu6i du!Jng; </i>


roAN THLI TV HQC CHU HAN 357


<i>con trai c6 phf].n, con gdi c6 noi cho'n di nuong vi; do'i vdi </i>


<i>tai h6a, ghet rdng roi viii </i>

<i>a </i>

<i>d(i't, kh6ng cdn chua cd't </i>

<i>a </i>

<i>noi </i>


<i>minh; do'i vdi sue life, ghet rdng kh6ng ra til minh, kh6ng </i>



<i>cdn phdi lam Vl </i> <i>minh. ly cho nen mUu m6 diu dt;p tdt rna </i>


<i>kh6ng day ten, </i> <i>trqm cdp gitjc cudp kh6ng n6i dt].y;c6?ng </i>
<i>ngoai kh6ng phdi dong, the' gQi la dq.i d6ng. </i>


<i>HOANG THUC TRAM dich </i>


.

.


<i>(Tu tuong dq.i d6ng trong cd hQc Trung Hoa, NXB. Van H6a, Ha </i>


<i>Nqi, 1950) </i>


KINH THU

:&

*~



<i>10 </i>



4Hf: <sub>,.,, </sub>~ <sub>~ </sub>

5€

~ <sub>s </sub> <i>'!!.«!. </i>


11'-I:.


~08: r~~!~~ffi·~~~o~~~MZ.ER



JJ~

'

f!IJ~o;J\AZ. 1~

o t§;J\A '

191X)(£3:JJJ~~-

,

<i>191X </i>



r

JJ::f~D~MZ.E~t

'

JJ~

,

JJ~~f~

'

~

f!IJ1wi91X)(£3:



'

B :

"~Z.A~Iif.I~D" <i>.n </i> o



<i>PHIENAM </i>


vo

d~t


Chu cong viet:

"0

h6! Quan til' siJ,

ky

v6

d~t.

Tien tri gia sac
chi gian nan, niii

d~t,

tac tri ti€u nhan chi y. Tudng ti€u nhan,
quyet phl,l m~u dn lao gia sac, quyet til' nai bat tri gia sac chi


gian nan, nai

d~t,

nai ng<;1n

ky

dan, phu tac vii quyet phl;l

m~u,


viet: 'Tich chi nhan v6 van tri' ".


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(18)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=18>

358 TRAN VAN CHANH


<i>Chu cong </i>


<i>Tac gia-tac </i>

<i>philm </i>


<i>Kinh Thu hay ThUqng thu Ia m(lt b¢ s6ch trong h$ thong NgO Kinh </i>


cua Nho gia. sllu t(lp nhQng van ki$n chinh trj. qudn sv van h6a ... cua
Trung Quoc co dqi. trong khoang thai gian tCI thai Nghieu Thuan cho Wi
Tdy Chu. tucng truyen cung c6 qua toy san d!nh cua Khong TU. ban
dau c6 Wi 100 thien. nay chi con 30 thien. Doqn tren day trich tCI thien


"V6 d(lt". Ia lai cua Chu C6ng khuyen vua Thanh Vucng. dqi y n6i ke


lam vua tr! ddn phai biet nghl tdi noi kho va lo cho dai song cua ddn.
kh6ng dll<;Jc ham slj an nhan va hllC:ing tht,J.


<i>TU NGO </i>



<i>• Vo dqt </i>

~ ~: cho c6 nh~tn <i>roi •Quiin </i>

<i>til </i>

<i>slJ </i>

<i>ky </i>

<i>vo dqt </i>



::E-1-fifTA~~: "quan ttl'" chi ngu'oi (J ngoi tren; d cau c6 nghia
la ngu'oi Hinh Q(,lO dan chung (J ngoi tren khong nen ham muon


du'c;ic an nhan hu'CJng th1,1

<i>eGia </i>

<i>silt </i>

1*

fi:

n6i chung v~ vi~c canh


t<ic (cay d(y, tr6ng trQt gQi la "gia", thu ho<:tch gQi la "sat")•Niii


<i>dqt </i>

<i>J'J </i>

~: r6i moi nghi

<i>Wi </i>

sl.f hu'CJng th1,1 <i>eTiiu </i> <i>nhiin chi </i>

<i>y </i>



;J\Az 1:&:

noi kh6 trong long cua dan chung ("titiu nhan" chi dan
thu'ong; "y", cac chu giai eli d~u cho la "nho vao", chi vi~c ca'y
tr6ng,

y

n6i: dan chung nho vao vi~c ca'y tr6ng dti song; Ton
Tinh Dien trong <i>Thu(Jng thu kim c5 van chu so giai chu "y" la </i>


TOAN THU <i>TlJ </i>HQC CHU HAN 359


<i>"noi dau ngftm") eTztfJng </i>;f§: <i>xem, trong, nhln eNgq.n </i> ~: tho


b<;!O (nen vie't la Og) <i>eDiin </i>~:can ro vole.


<i>NGOPHAP </i>


CD ;!t

~ (ky) la ph6 tu bitiu thi khuye'n l~nh: A~~ !

<i>(Ky </i>

vo


d~t!)


®

<i>JJ </i>

(niii): moi, r6i moi (lien tu).


@ Chu {:& (y) trong bai la d<)ng tu du'c;ic dung nhu' danh tu (qua


hi~u qua cua trc;i tu ke't ca'u

z).



@ ~ (quye't) (d<:ti til) Cua n6, kia, mlnh, dung nhu' chu A(ky)
lam dinh ngu: ~)(£3:

=

<i>A5Z£J:, </i>

<i>JiAA-1-</i>

=

<i>AT . </i>



@:;§ ~U (phu Hie): ne'u khong thl.


<i>D[CH NGH[A </i>


<i>Cha </i>

<i>r6i </i>



<i>Chu Cong n6i : "Noi nguoi qulin til </i>

<i>o </i>

<i>La cho c6 rbi! Bie't truoc </i>


<i>cai kh6 khan cua Sf! gieo cay rbi moi nhan rbi thl bie't n(Ji nu®g </i>
<i>tf!a cua dan him. Xem br;m dan h£m: cha mf n6 sieng cham gieo </i>
<i>cay. Con n6 Lg_i khong bie't tntOc cai kh6 nhQC cua gieo cay r6i </i>
<i>moi nhan rbi nen n6i x5ng, n6i can, khong thl khinh cha mlj! n6, </i>
<i>n6i rling: "Nguoi hbi truoc chdng nghe, bie't gi cd!' ". </i>


<i>NHU(jNG TONG djch </i>


<i>(Thu(Jng thu, NXB. Tan </i>Vi~t, 1963)


~

m



<i>11 </i>



~if ~:'(,{« E3 ,,~


M~§*:fX~,z

,

~o~ -fr~

,

~~1~

,

~filiti

, A{,'f*



</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(19)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=19>

360


TRAN VAN CHANH


{.~~:rz,

/f1!f;E;=§JtotB

o

~§~~z, l-),f*flt-TI%~.a;;



,

#~fft'J~

'

·

Az

ff:t~

,

'§'

~.L-_:j,~z

o

Azgg~

,

<i>rm </i>



@:z ,

1~:;;r~

o

~:;;r§~?ff

,

.L-),/f§~f*flt-TI%~.a;;

, #a



M~!nzm~·B~-A:nz~~·#~-Az§o



<i>PHIENAM </i>


Tan

th~


Mu<)i mu<)i nga tll' chi: nhU' huu nhat gioi

th~n,

doan doan y,
vo tha ky; ky tam hU'U hU'U yen, ky <i>nhu </i>huu dung; nhan chi huu
ky, <i>nhu<Jc </i>ky huu chi; nhan chi

ng~n

thanh, ky tam hieu chi, bat
xi nhU'<;fc tlf ky khfiu xuat; <i>thi </i>nang dung chi, di bao nga til' ton le
dan;

di~c

chile huu l<Ji tai. Nhan chi huu ky,

m~o

t?t di o chi;
nhan chi

ng~n

thanh nhi vi chi, ti bat

d~

t; <i>thi </i>bat nang dung, di
bat nang bao nga til' ton le dan;

di~c

viet dai tai! Bang chi ng<)t
niet, viet do nhat nhan; bang chi vinh hoai,

di~c

thU'<Jng nhat


nhan chi khanh.



<i>(Thuf/ng thu: Tfln th?) </i>
<i>Tac giii-tac pha·m </i>


DoQn nay trfch trong thien 'TOn <i>th$' s6ch ThUqng thu, ban </i>

<i>ve </i>

sl) can
thiet phai c6 dQc khoan dung cua nglldi bay t6i trong tr6ch nhi$m doi
<i>vCii ddn vdi nlldc. </i>


<i>TU </i>

<i>NGrJ </i>


<i>eTh? </i>

W::

th~

<i>eMuQi muQi </i>

!J3KIJ3K:

ng~m, th~m

<i>eGidi </i>

fr:

m<)t cai,


m<)t nguoi (lll'<;fng tU') <i>eDoan doan </i>

<i>lftiT </i>

lftiT:

thanh khfi'n

<i>.y </i>

11%:

tr<J tt1


ngu am, dung <i>nhu </i>

/5"

(h~)

<i>eHliu huu </i>

ftft:

khoan dung d<)


<i>lU'<;fngeKy nhu hilu dung </i>

Jt:tzoff:@::

"ky" dung <i>nhu </i>

<i>JJ </i>

(nai);
"nhu", <i>Cong DuCJng </i>

truy~n

dan

do~n n~y,

viet la

§~

(nang)


<i>eNg{lngg: </i>ke si

hi~n

<i>luang, </i>chi' nguoi <i>c6 </i>tai due <i>eHieu </i>

~r:

U'a


TOAN THlJTl,l HQC CHU HAN 361


thich <i>.Bat xi </i>

/f1!f:

khong chi

<i>.Le </i>

<i>dan </i>~ ~: dan den, dan chung


<i>.chzlc </i>~~: sach <i>Dr;Ii hQC </i>d§n cau n~y viet la

rSJ

(thU'<;fng) nghia la


may ra, ng5 hftu <i>M{lo tQ.t </i>'§'~: "m~o" nen viet la ~ ;~dung
thong voi ~. "M~o t?t" la ganh ghet, do ky <i>eNhi vi chi ti bat d{lt </i>



ffiJ@:Z{~/f3t: "vi" la vi ph~m can tr&; "ti" la khien cho; "bat


d~t" la khong thanh d~t; <i>c6 </i>ch6 giai la khong thong d~t den vua
<i>.Bat niing </i>dung/f§~?ff: khong dung thu ngll'oi khac,

y

n6i long
d~ hyp hoi <i>.Dai ljf5: </i>nguy hi~m <i>.NgQt niet </i>:fJC~~: khong yen <i>.viet </i>


B:

tr<;f tlr aft u ca U, vo nghia • <i>Vinh hoai </i>~t~: "vinh" la ph6n


vinh, "hoai" la yen 6n.


<i>D!CHNGHlA </i>


<i>Lili thi cua vua Tiln M11-c ci)ng </i>


<i>Ta trdm tinh suy nghi: Nhu c6 m()t ngu&i bi toi c6 dac thanh </i>


<i>thl:(c, khong can tai gi khdc; long thi yeu diiu </i>thi~n, <i>dung du(Jc ke </i>
<i>khdc; ke khdc c6 tai cilng nhu minh c6; ke khdc thong minh dac </i>


<i>hr;Inh thi long thanh thl:(c yeu men cha khong phdi chl yeu ngoai </i>


mi~ng; <i>nhu v(ly la ngu&i bi toi ay bie't dung ngu&i ma se gia gin </i>
<i>con chdu, le dan cho ta du(Jc; dung ngu&i d6 th(lt l(Ji cho nuoc </i>
<i>thay! Con ne'u c6 ngu&i bi toi thay ke khdc c6 tai ma ghen ghet; </i>


<i>thay ke khdc thong minh dac hg.nh ma ngiin can khien cho ke d6 </i>


<i>khong thanh dg.t; the' la khong bie't dung ngu&i ma se khong gill </i>


<i>dur;c con chdu le dan cho ta; dung ngu&i d6 th(lt nguy cho nuoc </i>



<i>thay! Nuoc ma nguy bie'n thi do m()t ngu&i; ma nuoc ve vang, yen </i>


<i>6n cilng do phuoc cua m()t ngu&i (y n6i do ngu(!i bi toi hiin hay </i>


<i>khong). </i>


</div>
<span class='text_page_counter'>(20)</span><div class='page_container' data-page=20>

362


TRAN VAN CHANH


? "


<b>TA </b>

TRUY~N

<i>ft </i>

<i>1' </i>



<i>12 </i>


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El <i>w </i> ? ill <i>---1-.--</i>

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<i>• Y...A </i>~~' <b>o </b> <b>Jed ' </b> <b>_1:1_ </b>JJ~ <b>t::l </b> 0


<i>PH/EN AM </i>


Gioi Chi Thoi bat thtfc I()c


Ta'n hgu thuang tong vong gia. Gioi Chi Thai ba't ngon 19c, 19c


di~c

pha't

c~p.

Thai vie't: "Hie'n cong chi tu cli'u nhan, duy quan t(;li
yen. Hu~, Hoai v6 than, ngo;;ti n9i <i>khi </i>chi. Thien vi tuy~t Ta'n, ta't
tu'ong hi1'u chu. Chu Ta'n ttf gia, phi quan nhi thuy? Thien thtfc tri chi,
nhi nhi tam tu dT vi

ky

ltfc, ba't di~c vu h6? Thie't nhan chi tai, do vi
chi d;;to, hu6ng tham thien chi cong dT vi

ky

ltfc h6? H;;t nghTa

ky

tQi,
thu'cjng thuang

ky

gian, thu'cjng h;;t tu'ong m6ng, nan du xU' hi".



Ky

mau vie't: "H;;tp di~c du chi, dT tu thuy doi?"


D6i vie't: "Vu'U nhi

hi~u

chi, t9i htfll

th~m

yen. Tha xua't oan
ng6n, bat thtfc

ky

thtfc."


TOAN THli Tl) HQC CHlJ HAN 363


Ky

mau vie't: "Di~c su tri chi, nhu'cjc ha ?"


D6i vie't: "Ng61t, than chi van da. Than tu'ong ftn, yen dt,1ng


van chi? Th~ du hi~n da".


Ky

mau vi---~: "Nang nhu' thi h6? Du nhu giai ftn".


To<:ti fin nhi tu.


Ta'n hfru du chi, ba't ho<;1ch, dT Mien Thu'cjng vi chi di~n, vie't:


"DT chi ng6 qua, tha tinh thi~n nhan".


<i>(Ta truy?n: Hi cong nhi tlzljp tzlnien) </i>


<i>Tdc gia-tdc phllm </i>


<i>To </i>

truy~n Ia toe pham l!ch su hoan chTnh c6 16i ke chuy$n chi tiet
day du va sinh d(>ng nhat cuo Trung Quae co dQi. Ve toe gia vdthai


dQi CUO sach nay, CO nhieu y kien kh6c nhOU, nhllng thuyet dll<;iC
chap nhQn pho bien nhat cho rang d6 Ia toe pham cuo TO Khdu Minh,


m¢t su quon cuo nllac

Lo

thai Xuan thu. sou dll<;ic nhieu ngllai bo sung
them. Phon lon ngllai to deu cho rang

<i>To </i>

truy~n Ia m(>t quyen su d(>c
l(lp. nhllng <i>cOng c6 ngllai cho n6 Ia sach dien giai kinh Xu6n thu- m¢t </i>
b¢ su bien nien cuo nlloc

lo.

Nien dQi ghi chep trong

<i>To </i>

truy~n ve cd
ban tlldng <i>ung voi kinh Xu6n thu, co hoi deu khai dau tu nom 722 trlloc </i>


CN (dai vuo An c6ng nlloc

Lo

nom dau). nhllng nom cu6i cung cuo


<i>To </i>

truy~n so voi <i>kinh Xu6n thu </i>tre di 28 nom. tOe dung IQi

<i>a </i>

nom 453
truoc CN. ve n¢i dung.

<i>To </i>

truy~n ghi chep lqi kha day du va tlldng doi
c6 h$ thong nhQng sv ki$n lien quon den chinh tr!. kinh te, quan sv va
van h6o <i>cuo cdc nlloc thai Xu6n thu (770-476 trlloc CN). trong chCing </i>


mvc nhat d!nh do phon anh m(>t each trung thl,lc b¢ mc;it cuo thai dQi
nay, tra thanh toe pham l!ch su rat c6 gia tr! doi voi vi$c nghien cuu xa
h¢i Trung Quae co dqi.


Bai tren day Ia m¢t doqn trich trong sach

<i>To </i>

truy~n, thu¢c nien dqi


vuo Hi cong nom thu 24. ghi lqi doqn doi thoqi giao Gioi Chi Th6i voi ba


mE;) khi quyet djnh cung mE;) tCI choi l(>c vuo bo di

<i>a </i>

an cho den chet,
va thai d¢ hoi cai cuo Tan Van c6ng.


<i>T(J NGO </i>


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