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<b>TOM TAT: </b>
La dia phffdng dffdc danh gia cd rat nhieu tiem nang de phat trien kinh te, dac biet la phat
trien du lich, hiy nhien cho de'n nay, Binh Phffdc van la mot trong nhttng tinh ngheo ciia ca nffdc.
Vi vay, vdi mong mudn gdp phan dffa tiem nang du lich tinh Binh Phffdc thanh hien thffc, bai viet
danh gia thffc trang, phan tich cac ye'u td anh hffdng de tim ra nhttng nguyen nhan cd ban dang
kim ham sff phat trien cua nganh Du lich tinh Binh Phffdc; tff do, de xua't mdt so' giai phap kha
thi nhara dffa du lich Binh Phffdc trd thanh nganh kinh te" trpng diem eua tinh trong tffdng lai.
<b>Tff khoa: Du lich Binh Phffdc, he sinh thai rffng nguyen sinh, di tich van hda, di tich lich sff. </b>
<b>1. Dat van de </b>
Dia chi tinh Binh Phffdc da khang dinh: "Tiem
nang du lich Binh Phffdc tffdng dd'i phong phu va
da dang, ra't thuan ldi cho phat trien du lich bdi cac
he sinh thai rffng nguyen sinh, he thd'ng sud'i thac,
hd nffdc, cac di tich van hda, di tich lich sff... Cac
tai nguyen du lich hdi du dieu kien de phat trien
thanh cac diem du lich hap din du khach, dac biet
la cac loai hinh du lich mang dac trffng rieng cua
Binh Phffdc nhff du lich van hda, sinh thai, kham
pha, ve ngudn...".
Tuy nhien tren thffc te, theo sd lieu Nien giam
Thdng ke Viet Nam, de'n cudi nam 2014, doanh
Cd sd de danh gia van de nay la md hinh he
thdng du lich cua Gunn (1994). Gunn (1994) cho
rang ngoai cac ye'u td gan vdi cau, mot he thdng
cac ye'u td anh hffdng den du lich ddi hdi phai cd:
ngudn lffc tff nhien, ngudn lffc van hda, ngudn tai
chinh, ngudn nhan lffc, lanh dao td chffc, tinh than
doanh nhan, tinh canh tranh, sff hd trd cua cong
ddng va chinh sach cua Chinh phu.
<i>Hinh 1: Cdc yeu to' anh hifdng den he </i>
<i>thd'ng du lich </i>
Tinh than
doanh
nhan
CHL/C NANG
CUA H^ THONG
DU L|CH
Nguon lUc
tu nhien
Chfnh sach cua
Chfnh phu
Tfnh canh
tranh
<b>KINH TE </b>
<b>2. Thffc trang du lich Binh Phffdfc va cac ye'u </b>
<b>16' anh hffdng </b>
<i><b>2.1. Cdc loai hinh du lich vd tuyen du lich tinh </b></i>
<i><b>Binh PhUdc </b></i>
Binh Phffdc cd nhieu loai hinh du lich phong
phu, da dang. Trffde bet phai ke den la loai hinh du
lich sinh thai, du lich cud'i tuan, vui chdi giai tri,
gdm cac loai hinh san phara dich vu chinh nhff
tham quan nghien cffu mdi trffdng, giao due mdi
trffdng sinh thai, du khao sinh thai. Loai hinh du
lich nay bao gdm: Khu du lich Hd Sud'i Cam, cau
day vang Phffdc Cat, trang cd Bu Lach, vffdn Qudc
gia Tay Cat Tien, thac Dakmai, thac Bay Tang,
ddng Ba Bay Tuyet, hd thuy dien Thac Md, he
ghenh tren sdng Ddng Nai...
Du lich van hda ve ngudn nhff: Khu di tich Phu
Du lich tam linh, bao gdm: Chua Quang Minh,
dinh than Hffng Long, ddi Bang Lang va bia tffdng
niem cac liet sy tren nui Ba Ra... Ngoai ra, du
Idiach cdn cd the tham gia cac l l hoi nhff: Le hdi
Choi Chnam Thmay, Id hdi dam trau, id hdi quay
dau trau mffng lua mdi cua ngffdi Stieng, ll mffng
lua mdi cua ngffdi Mndng...
Hien nay, nganh Du lich tinh Binh Phffdc da
xay dffng dffdc nhieu ndi dung boat ddng du lich
gan vdi van hda, l l hdi de thu hut khach, hinh
thanh cac tour, tuyen du lich ha'p dan du khach nhff
tour du lich ndi tinh, dac thu tinh Binh Phffdc, tuyen
du lich hen tinh qua tuyen du lich qud'c te qua cffa
khau Hoa Lff sang Carapuchia Lao Thai Lan,
cac cum - trung tam du lich.
<i><b>2.2. Cdc chi tieu chung ve. tdng trUdng du lich </b></i>
<i><b>Binh PhUdc </b></i>
Hien tai, so'lieu ve du lich cua Binh Phffdc dffdc
thd'ng ke trong Nien giara thd'ng ke va Bao cao
hoat ddng cua Sd Thffdng mai Du lich Binh Phffdc
ma khdng dffdc cdng bd'tren website. Do vay, bai
nghien effu sff dung so' lieu radi nha't dffdc cdng bd
Doanh thu tff du lich chffa ddng vai trd quan
trpng trong cd cau GDP cua tinh Binh Phffdc. Cac
chi tieu tang trffdng du lich deu d mffc kha tha'p so
vdi cac tinh trong khu vffc mien Ddng Nam bp,
chffa tffdng xffng vdi tiera nang du lich cua tinh.
Theo thd'ng ke, giai doan 2012-2016, trong khi
Iffdng khach ndi dia dao dpng tren dffdi 400 nghin
Iffdt thi Iffdng khach qud'c te de'n Binh Phffdc cd sff
gia tang dot bie'n vao nam 2012 (tff 2.911 Iffdt
khach vao nam 2011 tang len 8,636 Iffdt vao nam
2012) sau khi chien Iffde phat trien du lich Binh
Phffdc dffdc phe duyet va tie^p tuc duy tri mffc dp
cao cho den nay. Dac biet, dffa tren sd lieu bao cao
cua Sd Van hda The thao va Du lich tinh Binh
Phffdc thi nam 2017 raac du Iffdng khach ndi dia
suy giara cdn 252,169 nghin Iffdt nhffng Iffdng
khach qud'c te lai tang vpt tdi 13,070 nghin Iffdt.
Nhff vay, tinh hinh chung cho thay Binh Phffdc
dang ngay cang trd thanh diem de'n ha'p dan ddi
vdi du khach nffdc ngoai.
Bang 1. Khdch du Ijch den t?nh Binh Phffdc
giai doqn 2012-2016 (nghin Iffdt)
Nam
2012
Khach no! d|a
419,866
553,692
456,056
333,565
455,263
Khach quoc te
8,636
9,008
6,469
7.342
6,646
C a nude
39.347,678
42.572,352
46.374,312
64.943,651
72.012,735
<i>Nguon: Cue Thdng ke Binh Phudc (2016) </i>
Giai doan 2011 2015, ngay Iffu tru ciia du
khach tang binh quan thay ddi khdng dn dinh
(Bang 2). Doanh thu dich vu Iffu tru chiem ty trpng
<i><b>2.3. Cdc yeu tddnh hUdng den phdt trien du lich </b></i>
<i><b>Binh Phudc </b></i>
<i>2.3.1. Nguon lUc tu nhien vd vdn hda </i>
Ngudn lffc tff nhien, van hda vdn la the' manh
cua tinh Binh Phffdc so vdi cac tinh lan can khi cd
vi tri dia ly thuan ldi cho phat trien du lich.
<i>(i) Xet ve mat dia ly: Du khach xua't phat tff cac </i>
tinh mien Ddng Nam bd, Tay Nguyen, TP. Hd Chi
Bdng 2. Ngdy li/u tru cua khdch du Ijch tqi
Binh Phffdc vd cd nffdc giai doqn 2011 - 2017
Nam
2011
2012
2013
Binh Phudc
366,590
444,656
671,186
331,827
459,763
546.973
Ca nude
71.216,3
79.680,0
87432,9
100.441,5
<i>-Nguon: Cue Thd'ng ke Binh Phudc (2015), </i>
<i>Tdng cue Thd'ng ke (2016) </i>
Minh va Carapuchia, Lao den tinh Binh Phffdc
kha thuan tien, nhanh chdng. Nam 2013, Vien
Nghien cffu va Phat trien du lich da nhan dinh
ngoai tiem nang ve cac loai hinh du lich van hda,
sinh thai thi cac diem du lich cua Binh Phffdc phan
ldn nam tren tuyen du lich qudc te xuyen Ddng
Dffdng (qud'c Id 13). Vdi quang dffdng tren dffdi
<i>(ii) Xet ve tdi nguyen du lich: Mdi dia phffdng </i>
cua tinh Binh Phffdc cd nhffng the raanh du lich va
ban sac van hda rieng dpc dao vdi nhieu sdng sudi,
ghenh thac, hd dap, ddng sdng Be chay qua tinh
bat ngudn tff phia Bac, doan cudi dd vao sdng
Ddng Nai rat thd mong. Mat dp che phu rffng d
tinh Binh Phffdc cdn kha cao, trong do cd nhttng
khu rffng nguyen sinh cd quan the dpng thffc vat
phong phu, da dang dffdc bao ve nghiem ngat vdi
nhieu canh quan thien nhien dep, khi hau mat rae
la diera den tham quan, nghi dffdng ly tffdng cho
du khach;
<i>(iii) Tinh da dgng: La ndi sinh sd'ng cua 41 dan </i>
tdc anh em (Kinh, Stieng, Khmer, Mnong, Tay,
Hoa, Nung...), Binh Phffdc da tao nen rapt sff dan
<i>2.3.2. Ngudn nhdn luc </i>
Theo Bao cao cua Sd Thffdng raai Du lich, so
lao dpng phuc vu boat dpng du lich tinh den nam
2000 la 150 ngffdi, trong dd lao dpng trffc tiep la
133 ngffdi va lao dpng gian tie^p la 17 ngffdi. Hien
nay, so' lao dpng phuc vu boat dpng du lich ca tnic
tiep va gian tie'p chi hdn 1.500 ngffdi. Tang trffSng
tffdng dd'i hang nara dat khoang 30%. Danh gia
chung, ngudn nhan lffc phuc vu cho boat dpng du
lich tai Binh Phffdc cdn rat thie'u ve so' Iffdng va
Ben canh dd, tinh Binh Phffdc cd the manh ve
cay cdng nghiep nen 77,77% dan cff Binh Phffdcla
lao dpng ndng nghiep, nen viec lam du lich ddi vdi
cdng ddng dia phffdng ndi day cdn la mdt khai
niemxa la.
<i>2.3.3. Nguon tdi chinh </i>
Binh Phffdc la tinh mien nui vdi xuat phat diem
tha'p ve kinh te nen ngudn vd'n dau tff xay dffng cd
sd vat cha't du lich, nhat la he thd'ng Iffu trii con
nhieu khd khan. Cung theo sd heu tff Sd Thifcfng
<i>mai va Du lich, hien toan tinh chi cd 185 cd sd W </i>
tru du lich, trong dd cd hdn nffa sd cd sd chffa dat
chuan. Du lich thdi gian qua eung chffa cd sff tang
<b>KINH TE </b>
trffdng vffdt bac de cd the thu hut dau tff cung nhff
chffa cd tich luy de tai dau tff phat trien. Kinh phi
dau tff cho phat trien du lich nhff tdn tao cac di tich,
xuc tien quang ba, dao tao ngudn nhan lffc... cdn
ban che. Chffa cd nhttng chinh sach rieng cho viec
<i>2.3.4. Chinh sdch cua chinh quyen dia phuang </i>
<i>vd Trung Udng </i>
Binh Phffdc xac dinh dffa nganh Du lich len gitt
vi tri quan trpng trong cd cau kinh te^ cua tinh tren
cd sd khai thac hdp ly, sff dung cd hieu qua tai
nguyen du lich dia phffdng nhff sau:
(1) Chu trpng xay dffng lai quy hoach tdng the
phat trien du lich;
(2) Tap trung thffc hien chinh sach ffu dai dau tff
chuyen biet ve ITnh vffc du lich va cac khu du lich
trpng diem, nhff: Dff an trung tu, tdn tao khu can cff
Quan uy Bp chi huy mien Ta Thiet; Quy hoach va
xay dffng khu du lich nui Ba Ra Thac Md; Trung
tam Bao tdn van hda dan tdc Stieng (sdc Bora Bo);
Dff an khu vui chdi, giai tri tdng hdp Hd Sudi Cam;
(3) Quan tam phat trien san phara du lich dpc
dao, tao sff khac biet vdi cac dia phffdng khac.
Tinh cung quan tam xay dffng he thd'ng dffdng
huyen, dffdng do thi khi da sd tuyen dffdng trong
tinh da dffdc nhffa hda, rat thuan tien cho du khach
di chuyen den cac diem du lich trong va ngoai tinh.
He thd'ng cap nffdc va cac cdng trinh nffdc sach
ndng thdn du sffc phuc vu cho dan cff va du khach.
Vi vay, tinh Binh Phffdc can nhanh chdng day
manh trien khai cac ke hoach thanh hien thffc,
tranh cham tre nhff hien nay.
<i>2.3.5. Tinh lien ket </i>
Nganh Du lich Binh Phffdc dang tang cffdng
mdi lien ke't phat trien du lich vdi cac tinh thuoc
vung kinh te trpng diem phia Nam, tham gia vao
cac chffdng trinh du lich "Con dffdng huyen thoai"
va "Con dffdng xanh Tay Nguyen" md ra chudi
lien ke't du lich vung day tiera nang. Dien hinh
nha't la cac thda thuan dffdc ky ket tai hdi thao phat
trien du lich Binh Phffdc vao thang 12/2015 vdi tinh
Bac Lieu, mot so' tinh thuoc Carapuchia va Lao
Ben canh dd, vdi sff ung hp tff cac Bp, Nganh
Trung ffdng, sff hd trd cua cac doanh nghiep trong
va ngoai tinh, dac biet la cac doanh nghiep du lich
hang dau cua TP. Hd Chi Minh, Du lich Binh
Phffdc dang ngay cang hoan thien ve ngudn nhan
lffc, cac cd sd ha tang, Iffu tru va thie't ke' nhttng
san phara du lich mdi la tai cac khu du lich trpng
diera ciia tinh.
Cd the ndi, tiem nang du lich sinh thai, lich sff
van hda cua tinh Binh Phffdc rat ldn, nhffng van
chffa dffdc khai thac dung each va xffng tara; Iffdng
khach de'n cac khu du lich nay cdn it; cong ddng
cac dan tpc thieu sd, ngffdi dan Binh Phffdc chffa
thara gia nhieu vao boat dpng du lich va dffdc
hffdng ldi thffc sff tff cac boat dpng du lich mang
lai tren vung dat minh dang sinh sd'ng (Bao Binh
Phffdc, 2010). Ngoai ra, tai nguyen du lich cua tinh
Binh Phffdc tuy da dang nhffng khdng dpc dao, ndi
trdi va cdn thua kem ve nhieu mat tff san pham du
lich so vdi cac tinh lan can; cd sd Iffu tru, cac cdng
ty du lich Iff hanh boat dpng nhd le, chffa cd sff lien
ke't; ha tang ky thuat kem cung la nguyen nhan
khien du lich Binh Phffdc chffa that sff ha'p dan du
khach du lich den tham quan va Iffu tru dai ngay.
<i><b>4. M6t so giai phap cho phat tridn du lich </b></i>
<b>Binh PhffdTc </b>
Du lich sinh thai, du lich van hda, du lich thffdng
raai cffa khau, du lich cudi tuan, du lich nghi
dffdng, du lich Caravan (du lich xe raay, xe d td
tren dffdng bp), du lich tam linh, du lich mao hiem...
la nhttng the manh raa tinh Binh Phffdc cd ldi the.
Do vay, tinh can tap trung khai thac cac loai hinh
du lich ke tren. Vi vay, sau khi nghien cffu thffc
trang du lich Binh Phffdc, nhttng ffu diera va ban
che' trong nganh Du lich cua tinh, tac gia dffa ra
rapt sd giai phap cu the nhara thuc day nganh Du
lich Binh Phffdc:
<i>Thd nhdt, ve tdi chinh. Do ngan sach Binh </i>
Phffdc con ban hep, ngudn hd trd tff Trung ffdng cd
ban nen Binh Phffdc can: (i) Thu hut ngudn vdn tff
cac td chffc qudc te nhff ILO, Ngan bang The gidi,
(ii) Giao cho tff nhan cac dff an ma tinh dff kien
trien khai tff ngudn ngan sach vdi cac quy dinh rd
rang ve quyen ldi va nghia vu. Ngoai ra, ciing
nghien cffu ly do tai sao cac nha dau tff da tra lai
cac dff an; (ui) Phat trien cdng ddng du lich, trong
dd xay dffng md hinh cum xa, ap ddng bao cac dan
tpc thieu sd nham day manh cac boat dpng xa hdi
hda ve du lich va phat trien du lich cdng ddng.
<i>Thd hai, ve nguon ca sd dd lieu. Ngudn cd sd </i>
dff lieu du lich cua tinh Binh Phffdc hien nay chffa
du de cd the dff bao, tinh toan va dinh hffdng phat
trien cho du lich Binh Phffdc. Binh Phffdc can dau
tff nhieu hdn cho cd sd dff heu du lich. Cd sd nay
can bao gdm cac sd lieu: Tdng sd Iffdt khach (trong
nffdc, qudc te), ngay Iffu tru trung binh, nhu cau
khach san cho khach qudc te va trong nffdc, nhu
cau lao dpng phuc vu du lich, doanh thu tff du lich,
cd cau chi tieu cho du lich...
<i>Thd ba, duy tri thffdng xuyen le hdi "Qua dieu </i>
vang" nham khuyen khich phat trien nghe d dia
phffdng va day manh xua't khau san pham ket hdp
vdi cac dff an du lich. Dac biet la xay dffng cac
diem san xua't nhd, raang tinh chat gia dinh, mang
tinh dac thu dia phffdng hap dan du khach de'n
thara quan. Tai cac cd sd du lich do cd the thie^t
ke 1 quy trinh khep kin: Chao ddn chieu phira
gidi thieu quy trinh san xua't, trong qua trinh xem
phira cd the radi khach dung thff raien phi cac san
pham cua dia phffdng mdi den quay hang hoac
cffa hang cung cap cac san phara dac trffng cua
dia phffdng.
<i>Thd tu, khuyen khich ngUdi ddn lam du lich. </i>
Chinh quyen dia phffdng va cae cdng ty du Ikii
phai tuyen Iffa that ky cac hp va tap huan de ho
<i>Thd ndm, tiep tuc tang cffdng mdi lien ket phat </i>
trien du lich vdi cac tinh thuoc vung kinh te trpng
diem phia Nam. Ddng thdi, day manh cac hoat
ddng xuc tie'n boat dpng du lich trong va nifdc
ngoai; tang cffdng dao tao nang cao chat Iffdng
ngudn nhan lffc du lich cua dia phffdng, thffdng
xuyen ddi mdi san pham du lich nham thu hiit
khach du lich den vdi Binh Phffdc. Nang tam cong
tac quan ly Nha nffdc ve du lich, tang cffdng moi
lien ket phat trien du lich vdi Carapuchia, Lao va
cac qud'c gia trong khd'i ASEAN. Khdi thdng dong
khach qudc te vao Viet Nam theo dffdng xuyen A
qua Binh Phffdc.
Viec nhan thffc dffdc tiem nang cung nhff nhiing
ban che tff khach quan de'n chu quan trong viec
phat trien nganh Du lich se giup tinh Binh PhiTdc
cd nhttng bffdc di phu hdp de sdm dffa du lich trci
<b>TAI LIEU THAM KHAO: </b>
<i>1. Bdo Binh Phudc (2010), Ki't hap du lich sinh thdi vd du lich vdn hda lich sd, tao ra hudng di mdi cho phdt </i>
<i>trien du lich </i>
<i> </i>
<i>2. Bdo Binh Phudc (2016), ngdnh Du lich Binh Phudc day manh phdt trien, </i>
<i> </i>
<i>3. Cue Thdng ki Binh Phudc (2013). Nien gidm thdng ki ndm 2012. </i>
<i>4. Cue Thd'ng ke Binh Phudc (2016), Niin gidm thdng ki Binh Phudc 2015. </i>
<i>5. Giang Vdn Khoa, Li Huu Phudc (chu biin) (2015), Dia chi Binh Phudc, Nhd xudt bdn Chinh tri Qudc gia. </i>
<b>TE </b>
<i>6. Li Thi Hien Thanh 2008), Nghien cdu dieu kien phdt trien du lich homestay d Sa Pa (Ldo Cai), Ludn vdn cao </i>
<i>hoc TrUdng Dgi hoc Khoa hoc Xd hdi vd Nhdn vdn. </i>
<i>7. Phong Vdn (2016), Du lich Binh Phudc dang cdn gi? </i>
<i> htm ?art=1369020231089 </i>
<i>8. Qudc Chdnh (2015), Du lich Binh Phudc: Tiem ndng day trien vong </i>
<i> </i>
<i>9. Tong cue Thd'ng ki (2016), Niin gidm thd'ng ke Viet Nam 2015. </i>
<i>10. VH, TT & DL (2016), Bd Ddp md dudng cho du lich sinh thdi, </i>
<i> </i>
<i>11. Gunn, C. A. (1994) Tourism Planning, Washington, Taylor & Francis. </i>
<b>Ngay nhSn bai: 19/9/2018 </b>
<b>Ngay phan bi$n danh gia va sffa chffa: 29/9/2018 </b>
<b>Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 9/10/2018 </b>
<i>Thdng tin tdc gid: </i>
<b>ThS. LE THI THl/OfNG </b>
<b>Khoa Kinh te Quoc tg', Trffcfng Dai hoc Ngan hang TP. Ho Chi Minh </b>
<b>• Master, LE THI THUONG </b>
Faculty of International Economics
Banking University of Ho Chi Minh City
<b>ABSTRACT: </b>
Binh Phuoc province is considered as a potential province for the economic growth,
especially for the development of tourism industry. However, the province is one of the least
developed provmces of Vietnam. This article is to analyse factors impacting on the
<b>Keywords: Binh Phuoc province's tourism sector, primitive forest ecological system, </b>
cultural relics, historical rehes.