SỔ TAY TỪ NGỮ VIỆT - ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH LỮ HÀNH

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LỜI NĨI ĐẦU

Kính thưa q Thầy, Cô,
Các bạn sinh viên thân mến,

Với tinh thần “học tốt để có một nghề nghiệp vững chắc, một tương lai tươi sáng cùng khát vọng vươn xa”, chúng em –
sinh viên các dòng lớp HD03 – 10, QTLH 03 – 10 khoa Lữ hành – cùng bắt tay thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh
– chuyên ngành lữ hành.

Quyển sổ tay bao gồm 878 từ liên quan đến các tuyến du lịch đi và về trong ngày:
438 từ - Tuyến nội thành Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.

180 từ - Tuyến Củ Chi.

260 từ - Tuyến TPHCM – Tiền Giang – Bến Tre.

Hơn 6 tháng cùng thu thập tài liệu và biên soạn quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã học được nhiều điều bổ ích.

Trong thời gian thực hiện quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã nhận được sự quan tâm và chỉ đạo của Ban Giám hiệu đồng thời là
Ban cố vấn.

Những bản thảo của chúng em được cô Dương Thị Kim Phụng và cơ Đồn Thị Kiều Nga cẩn thận chỉnh sửa nhiều lần.
Thầy Nguyễn Hữu Cơng đã rất nhiệt tình hỗ trợ chúng em về mặt kỹ thuật.

Chúng em trân trọng kính gởi đến q Thầy, Cơ lời chân thành cảm ơn vì tất cả những gì Thầy Cơ đã luôn dành cho chúng
em và các bạn sinh viên trong trường.

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2
Chúng em hy vọng quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh chuyên ngành lữ hành sẽ là một tư liệu nhỏ góp thêm một phần khiêm

tốn vào việc học tập tiếng anh của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành.

Dù đã rất cố gắng nhưng chắc chắn chúng em vẫn có những sai sót. Chúng em xin được lắng nghe những lời chỉ dạy của
tất cả quý Thầy, Cô trong trường và đón nhận những góp ý của các bạn sinh viên.

Nhóm biên soạn

Phạm Thị Hồng Thắm – HD03 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Mỹ Tho – Bến Tre và các thành viên. 
Trần Ngọc Lữ Phong – HD10 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Củ Chi và các thành viên.

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LỜI NGỎ

Nhân sự kiện kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gịn (1991 – 2016), trong khn khổ 
nội dung sinh hoạt chuyên đề được tổ chức định kỳ hàng quý nhằm bổ sung kiến thức và kỹ năng cho sinh viên, sinh viên 
khoa Lữ hành đã cùng nhau thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành với mong muốn được cùng 
trau dồi tiếng Anh, chuẩn bị tốt cho công việc tương lai trong ngành du lịch.

Được sự đồng ý và cố vấn của Ban Giám hiệu nhà trường, sinh viên khoa Lữ hành đã bắt đầu biên soạn quyển sổ 
tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành từ tháng 06/2016 và hoàn thành vào tháng 02/2017. Tổ bộ môn Nghiệp vụ 
hướng dẫn khoa Lữ hành trân trọng giới thiệu cùng quý Thầy, Cô, các bạn sinh viên quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh.

Cảm ơn sự quan tâm và những ý kiến đóng góp của q Thầy Cơ và các bạn sinh viên để quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt 
– Anh có thể góp một phần nhỏ vào việc học ngoại ngữ của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành.

Tháng 03/2017

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MỤC LỤC

NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET ... 5

THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM ... 19

THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL ... 77

INDEPENDENCE PALACE ... 94

TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS... 124

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NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET

ST

T

TIẾNG

VIỆT

TIẾNG ANH

PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ

GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG

1 Bến Bạch

Đằng

Bach Dang Wharf

BrE /wɔ ː f/

AmE /wɔ ː rf/

Bach Dang Wharf is in the

centre of District 1, near

the Monument of General

Tran Hung Dao which was

built on Ton Duc Thang

Street to commemorate the

glorious victory against the

Yuanmeng invaders in

1288 on the Bach Dang

River.

2 Biểu diễn

nghệ thuật

Art performance

/ɑ ː rt/ /pə rˈ fɔ ː rmə ns/

Nguyen Hue walking street

is chosen as a place for big

events of Ho Chi Minh city

as parades, meetings, street

festivals, culture

exhibitions, art

performances, etc.

3 Cấm/Khôn

g cho phép

Ban (v)

/bæn/



Ban something

Ex: There is a campaign

to ban smoking in

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

ban somebody from

something

Ex: He was banned

from the meeting.



ban somebody from

doing something

Ex: He was banned

from driving for six

months.



As schedule, on week

days, vehicles are

still allowed to run

along Nguyen Hue

street, but from 6pm

to 1am on Saturday

and Sunday, all kinds

of vehicles are

banned to travel here.

4 Cây sứ

(trắng)

White frangipani

/waɪ t/ /ˌ frændʒ iˈ pæni/

The area of President Ho

Chi Minh Statue Park has

the lotus pond, two lines of

white frangipanis and a lot

of colorful flowers and

trees.

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- She is the same height as

her sister.

6 Chiều dài

Length (n)

/leŋθ/

- The Nguyen Hue walking

street includes 2 areas with

670m in total length and

60m in width.

- This room is twice the

length of the kitchen.

- The river is 300 miles in

length.

7 Chiều rộng Width (n)

/wɪ dθ/

-It's about 10 metres in

width.

8 Ảnh chụp

tự sướng

Selfie (n)

/ˈ selfiː /

There are many young

people using their iPhones

or iPads to take selfies.

9 Đại lộ

Boulevard (n)

(abbreviation Blvd.)

BrE /ˈ buː lə vɑ ː d/

AmE /ˈ bʊ lə vɑ ː rd/

- We visited the

world-famous Hollywood

Boulevard.

- In 1956, the Charner

Boulevard was renamed

Nguyen Hue Boulevard

and became the most

beautiful street in Sai Gon

at that time.

10 Đèn chiếu

sáng

Modern art lighting system /ˈ mɑ ː də rn//ɑ ː rt//ˈ laɪ tɪ ŋ

/

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11 Diễu hành

Parade (n)

Meeting

/pə ˈ reɪ d/

The parade is held every

year.

12 Ghế dài/ghế

băng dài

Bench (n)

/bentʃ /

He was found asleep on a

park bench.

13 Giải trí

Relax (v)

/rɪ ˈ lỉks/

- I’m going to spend the

weekend just relaxing.

- When I get home from

work I like to relax with a

glass of wine.

14 Giầy

Pa-tanh

Roller-skate (n)

(also skate)

/ˈ roʊ lə r/ /skeɪ t/

Idioms: “be

skating/walking on thin

ice” = to be taking a risk

15 Hệ thống

phun sương

Spraying system(n)

/spreɪ -iŋ//ˈ sɪ stə m/



an early morning

mist = sương sớm



Spraying system is

arranged in the tree

lines to cool the air,

prevent dust and

create humidity for

trees.

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16 Hồ sen

Lotus pond

/ˈ loʊ tə s/ /pɒ nd/

The area of President Ho

Chi Minh Statue Park has a

lotus pond, two lines of

white frangipanis and a lot

of colorful flowers and

trees.

17 Kẻ móc túi Pickpocket (n)

BrE /ˈ pɪ kpɒ kɪ t/

AmE /ˈ pɪ kpɑ ː kɪ t/

Watch out for pickpockets,

especially in crowded

places, please!

18 Khánh

thành

Inaugurate (v)

/ɪ ˈ nɔ ː ɡ jə reɪ t/

On occasion of 40th

anniversary of Southern

Liberation – Vietnam

Reunification and 125–year

birthday anniversary of

president Ho Chi Minh,

Saigon inaugurated

Monument of President Ho

Chi Minh at Nguyen Hue

walking street.

19 Khu thương

mại/Khu

buôn bán

Downtown (n/adj/adv)

/ˌ daʊ nˈ taʊ n/



a hotel in the heart of

downtown

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20 Khuyết tật

Disable (v)

 Disabled (adj)

 Disability (n)

/dɪ sˈ eɪ bl/

/dɪ sˈ eɪ bld/

/ˌ dɪ sə ˈ bɪ lə ti/

- The Disabled people =

người khuyết tật.

- Wheelchair Path = lối đi

dành riêng cho người

khuyết tật (ngồi xe lăn)

-Pavement parking is

dangerous for wheelchair

users and other disabled

people.

21 Mạng

khơng dây

(sử dụng

sóng vơ

tuyến)

Wi-fi(n)

/ˈ waɪ faɪ /

The Nguyen Hue Walking

Street provides free Wi-Fi

24/24 to serve visitors.

22 Nhà tạo

hình bong

bóng nghệ

thuật

Balloon artist

/bə ˈ luː n//ˈ ɑ ː rtɪ st/

Artists are making stunning

toys from balloons.

23 Nhà vệ sinh

công cộng

Public

bathroom/toilet/rest-room

/ˈ pʌ blɪ k//ˈ tɔ ɪ lə t/

In addition, 160 benches

and two

underground/public

restrooms have been put

along the square to serve

visitors.

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lighting and water music

systems.

The modern art lighting

and water music systems

have also been installed in

the square.

25 Nhiếp ảnh

gia

Photographer (n)

BrE /fə ˈ tɒ ɡ rə fə (r)/

AmE /fə ˈ tɑ ː ɡ rə fə r/



Vietnam in the 1980s

through French

photographer’s lens.



Photogenic (adj)

/ˌ foʊ toʊ ˈ dʒ enɪ k

/ = ăn ảnh

26 Nhóm nhạc Band/Group

/bænd/



The excitement of

seeing a live band.



They play in a rock

band.



She sings in a rock

group.

27 Nhượng

quyền

Kinh doanh

/nhượng

quyền

thương mại

Franchise (n)

 Franchiser/franchiso

r (n): doanh nghiệp

bán franchise/quyền

kinh doanh

 Franchisee (n):doanh

nghiệp mua

franchise/

/ˈ fræntʃ aɪ z/



Brand-name

franchise = Nhượng

quyền thương hiệu

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 quyền kinh doanh

 Management

franchise = nhượng

quyền có tham gia

quản lý (chuỗi khách

sạn lớn như Holiday

Inc, Marriott,..)

 Full business format

franchise = nhượng

quyền mơ hình kinh

doanh toàn diện

(KFC, Subway,

McDonald’s,

Starbucks, Phở 24)



He’s got a job as

manager of a burger

franchise.



He runs a local pizza

franchise.



a catering franchise

in the fast-food

industry



Non-business format

franchise = nhượng

quyền mơ hình kinh

doanh khơng tồn

diện

+ Nhượng quyền

phân phối sản phẩm,

dịch vụ (product

distribution

franchise): như sơ mi

cao cấp Pierre Cardin

cho An Phước, Foci,

chuỗi cà phê Trung

Nguyên…

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franchise): như

CocaCola.

28 Pháo hoa

Firework (n)

BrE /ˈ faɪ ə wɜ ː k/

AmE /ˈ faɪ ə rwɜ ː rk/



a firework(s) display



They set off

fireworks in their

back garden.



The firework show is

part of the activities

in commemoration of

the Reunification

Day, April 30 and

Labor Day, May 1.

29 Phố đi bộ

Pedestrian Street

= Walking Street

/pə ˈ destriə n//striː t/



Đường hoa = The

Flower Street.



The old Nguyen Hue

Flower Street now

becomes a square

and the first walking

street of Saigon.

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fronting the Saigon

River.



Underground trade

centers of the first

metro route project

Ben Thanh-Suoi Tien

will be connected

with the walking

street in the future.

30 Tấm bia

Stele(n)

(danh từ số nhiều: stelae)

/ˈ sti:li/

Behind Uncle Ho’s Statue,

there is a stele inscribing

the presentation of

Southern Interim

Administrative

Committee (Ủy ban hành

chính lâm thời miền

Nam) after the success of

August Revolution in 1945.

31 Tầng hầm

Basement(n)

/ˈ beɪ smə nt/

Near the end of the Nguyen

Hue walking street, there is

a 500-square meter

basement which consists of

rooms used to control

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32 Tầng lớp

thanh

niên/Tuổi

trẻ

Youth (n)

(pl. youths /juː ðz/ )

/juː θ/

The Ho Chi Minh City

Youth Cultural House =

Nhà Văn Hóa Thanh Niên.

33 Tòa nhà

chọc trời

Skyscraper

/ˈ skaɪ skreɪ pə r/

Bitexco Financial Tower is

the tallest skyscraper in Ho

Chi Minh City and the

second tallesttower in

Vietnam.

34 Triễn lãm

Exhibition(n)

/ˌ eksɪ ˈ bɪ ʃ n/



The exhibition is on

view from 11 April

to 5 July.



Idioms: “make an

exhibition of

yourself”

= to behave in a bad or

stupid way in public.

Ex: I’m afraid Frank got

drunk and made an

exhibition of himself.

35 Tượng đài

Statue (n)

/ˈ stætʃ uː /



a bronze/marble

statue.

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

Uncle Ho’s copper

statue with the

height of 7.2m,

facing to Sai Gon

River, has been put

up in the area of

President Ho Chi

Minh Statue Park.

36 Tuyến xe

điện ngầm

Metro line

= Subway (n)

BrE /ˈ metrə ʊ /

AmE /ˈ metroʊ /

/ˈ sʌ bweɪ /



underground /

subway / metro / tube

A city’s underground

railway/railroad system is

usually called the

underground (often the

Underground) in British

English and the subway in

North American English.

The Metro is the name for

the systems in Paris and

Washington, D.C.

London’s system is often

called the Tube.

37 Ván trượt

Skateboard (n)  (v)

BrE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː d/

AmE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː rd/



to ride (on) a

skateboard.

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38 Vỉa hè

Pavement (n)

Sidewalk (n)

/ˈ peɪ vmə nt/



Pavement artist =

sidewalk artist = họa

sĩ đường phố



A pavement café =

cà phê lề đường

Ex: There are plenty of

attractive restaurants

and pavement cafes.



Don’t ride your bike

on the pavement!



A narrow pavement

ran along the side of

the road.

39 Xe

cộ/phương

tiện cơ giới

Vehicle (n)

BrE /ˈ viː ə kl/

AmE /ˈ viː ə kl/ or

/ˈ viː hɪ kl/

*Motor vehicles (= cars,

buses, lorries/trucks, etc.)

-The city centre is

off-limits to wheeled vehicles.

40 Xoài “lắc”

(street

food)

Shaking mangoes.

 Trái cây lắc =

Shaking fruits

 Phô mai que =

Cheese stick(s)

 Bánh tráng trộn

“thần thánh” = The

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ultimate mixed

rice-paper

 Bánh tráng nướng =

Vietnamese grilled

rice-paper with egg

 Phá lấu = Offals

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19 THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM

Designed and built by the French in 1927 and finished in 1929, the museum was originally named Museé

Blanchard de La Brosse.

Later it was renamed The National Museum of Saigon in 1956 and the Vietnam History Museum in HCM

city in 1979.

There are more than 17.000 exhibits illustrating the evolution of Vietnamese history and the cultures of

Southern provinces and some Asian countries.

They are displayed in 18 showrooms:

1. Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C)

2. Metal age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C)

3. Chinese occupation – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938)

4. Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225)

5. Trần – Hồ dynasties (1226 – 1407)

6. Champa culture (2

nd

– 17

th

centuries)

7. Oc Eo culture (1

st

– 7

th

centuries)

8. Buddhist statues from various Asian countries

9. Posterior Lê – Mạc – Lê Trịnh – Nguyễn Lords dynasties (1428 – 1788)

10. The cannons (18th – 19th centuries)

11. Tay Son dynasty (1771 – 1802)

12. Nguyen dynasty (1802 – 1945)

13. Cambodia stone carvings (9th – 13th centuries)

14. Asian ceramics

15. The mummy in Xom Cai – HCM City

16. The Vuong Hong Sen collection

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20 THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM

Room 1: Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C)

THỜI TIỀN SỬ

ST

T

TIẾNG

VIỆT

TIẾNG ANH

PHIÊN ÂM

QUỐC TẾ

GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG

1 Bén, sắt,

nhọn

Sharp (adj)

 Sharpen (v)

BrE /ʃ ɑ ː p/

NAmE /ʃ ɑ ː rp/

A pencil-sharpener = đồ chuốt bút chì

A knife-sharpener = đồ mài dao

2 Bộ xương

Skeleton (n)

/ˈ skelɪ tn/

The human skeleton consists of 206 bones.

3 Cái nôi

Cradle (n)

/ˈ kreɪ dl/

Vietnam is one of the human cradles in the Southeast

Asian.

4 Công cụ

Tool (n)

/tuː l/



Chopping Tool = công cụ chặt/cắt

In archaeology a chopping tool is a stone tool.

The history of human technology begins with the

discovery of how to give stone a cutting edge.

5 Cư trú

Settle (n)

/ˈ setl/

At the beginning of the Bronze Age, the Viet tribe

groups had settled down in the North and in the North

of Central Vietnam.

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21

7 Dấu vết/vết

tích

Trace (n)

/treɪ s/

*Archeologists have found the trace of the period of

Homo Erectus in cave Tham Khuyen and Tham Hai

in the mountainous Northern province of Lang Son.

8 Di chỉ/ dấu

vết

Vestige (n)

BrE /ˈ vestɪ dʒ /

NAmE

/ˈ vestɪ dʒ /

According to archaeological vestiges, the earliest

human being existed in Northern Vietnam about

500.000 years ago.

9 Đồ đất nung

Pottery (n)

(pl. potteries)

BrE /ˈ pɒ tə ri/

NAmE

/ˈ pɑ ː tə ri/

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22

10 Dụng cụ

chặt/cắt

Chopper (n)

BrE /ˈ tʃ ɒ pə (r)/

NAmE

/ˈ tʃ ɑ ː pə r/

The chopper has a round, semi-oval or almost

straight cutting edge.

11 Đa thần*

(tín ngưỡng)

*Polytheism

(n) = the belief

in or worship

of more than

one god.

BrE

/ˈ pɒ liθiɪ zə m/

NAmE

/ˈ pɑ ː liθiɪ zə m/

*Monotheism (n) độc thần (tín ngưỡng)

*Nature worship (n) Vạn vật hữu linh/Tô-tem giáo

12 Hái lượm/

thu nhặt

Gather (v)

Gathering (n)

/ˈ ɡ æðə r/

The primitive people made a living by hunting and

gathering.

13 Hang/động

(thiên nhiên,

lớn)

Cave (n)

 Grotto (n)

hang nhỏ,

có tính chất

nhân tạo

/keɪ v/

/ˈ ɡ rɑ ː toʊ /

*The area contains vast underground cave systems.

*Caves around the world contain information in

various forms about the ancient history of planet

Earth.

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23 14 Hóa thạch

Fossil (n)

BrE /ˈ fɒ sl/

NAmE /ˈ fɑ ː sl/

What is the difference between a fossil and an

artifact?

- The main difference between fossils and artifacts is

that fossils are preserved remains of living things

whereas artifacts are the remains of things that were

made by humans. While artifacts have a historical

value, fossils also have a scientific value.

15 Khảo cổ học

Archaeology

(n)

 Archaeologi

cal (adj)

thuộc về

khảo cổ

 Archaeologi

st (n) nhà

khảo cổ học

BrE

/ˌ ɑ ː kiˈ ɒ lə dʒ i

/

NAmE

/ˌ ɑ ː rkiˈ ɑ ː lə d

ʒ i/

/ˌ ɑ ː rkiˈ ɑ ː lə d

ʒ ɪ st/

Archaeologists found Paleolithic vestiges in Đọ

Mount (Thanh Hoa Province) and Sơn Vi (Phu Tho

Province); Mesolithic ones in Hoa Binh and

Neolithic ones in Bắc Sơn.

16 Kỳ đồ đá

Stone Age (n)

 Paleolithic

(Old Stone

Age) = Kỳ

đồ đá cũ

 Mesolithic

(Middle

Stone Age):

/stoʊ n/ /eɪ dʒ /

/ˌ pæliə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/

/,mesou'liθik/

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24 thời kỳ đồ

đá giữa

 Neolithic

(New Stone

Age): thời

kỳ đồ đá

mới

/ˌ niː ə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/

17 Lông thú

Fur (n)

/fɜ ː r/



The animal is hunted for its fur.



Animal skins were the first material for the

clothing of primitive man.

Later fur became an important part of trade, a

measure of the calculation, as well as an

essential symbol of high status, material

well-being and luxury.

18 Mảnh vỡ

Fragment (n)

/ˈ fræɡ mə nt/



a few tiny fragments of glass

19 Nền văn

minh

Civilization

(n)

BrE

/ˌ sɪ və laɪ ˈ zeɪ

ʃ n/ NAmE

/ˌ sɪ və lə ˈ zeɪ

ʃ n/

Human civilization started in Vietnam a very long

time ago. In fact, archaeologists have found vestiges

of Homo Erectus in the caves of Lang Son and Nghe

An Provinces.

20 Nguyên

thủy/Ban sơ

Primitive (adj) /ˈ prɪ mə tɪ v/



Primitive man = Người nguyên thủy



Primitive language

21 Rìu (búa)

Axe (n)

/ỉks/

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25 22 Săn bắt

Hunting (n)

/ˈ hʌ ntɪ ŋ/

The primitive people made a living by hunting and

gathering.

23 Sau công

nguyên

A.D. = Anno

Domini

/ˌ eɪ ˈ diː /

A.D. comes from Latin Anno Domini meaning "In

the year of Our Lord".

24 Thập kỷ (10

năm)

Decade (n)

/ˈ dekeɪ d/ or

/dɪ ˈ keɪ d/



Decade = a period of ten years, especially a

continuous period, such as 1910–1919 or

2000–2009



the early decades of the 19th century = thập

niên đầu của thế kỷ 19.

25 Thế kỷ (100

năm)

Century (n)

(pl. centuries)

/ˈ sentʃ ə ri/



the 20th century = AD 1901–2000 or 1900–

1999



half-century = a period of 50 years



The city’s population doubled during the 19th

century.

26 Thiên niên

kỷ (1000

năm)

Millennium

(n)

Millennia

(plu.)

/mɪ ˈ leniə m/



the second millennium AD/ the book is a

history of the last two millennia.

27 Tiền sử

Prehistoric

(adj)

Prehistory (n)

/ˌ priː hɪ ˈ stɔ ː r

ɪ k/

/ˌ priː ˈ hɪ stri/

Prehistoric people believed that all natural objects,

including living creatures, had a soul or spirit,

which existed separately and independently of its

physical being.

28 Tồn tại/sống

sót

Exist (v)

/ɪ ɡ ˈ zɪ st/



A temple existed here hundreds of years ago.

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26 29 Trang sức

Jewellry/Jewel

ry (n)

/ˈ dʒ uː ə lri/

Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind

of mollusks along the sea-shore for food. Then they

also used shells to make basic jewelry.

30 Trước công

nguyên

B.C. = Before

Christ

/ˌ biː ˈ siː /

/bɪ ˈ fɔ ː r/

/kraɪ st/

31 Vỏ ốc biển

Sea-shell (n)

/siː /- /ʃ el/

Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind

of mollusks along the sea-shore for food. Then they

also used shells to make basic jewelry.

Room 2: Metal Age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C)

THỜI KIM KHÍ – VUA HÙNG DỰNG NƯỚC

32 Bộ tộc/Bộ

lạc

Tribe (n)

/traɪ b/

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27

33 Gươm/kiếm/

đao

Sword (n)

/sɔ ː rd/

Japanese swords are very famous because they are

sharp and strong.

34 Khuôn đúc

Mould (n)

(especially US

English mold)

BrE /mə ʊ ld/

NAmE /moʊ ld/



A clay mould is used for casting bronze

statues.



Pour the chocolate into a heart-shaped mould.



It took many months to create the sculpture

mould for the drum, which follows the Ngoc

Lu drum-type.

35 Mô

phỏng/bắt

chước

Imitate (v)

/ˈ ɪ mɪ teɪ t/



Her style of painting has been imitated by

other artists.

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28 36 Mũi tên

Arrow (n)

 Arrowhead

(n) đầu

mũi tên

/ˈ ærə ʊ /

/ˈ æroʊ /

Rough Guides Snapshot Vietnam: Hanoi

(By Rough Guides)

37 Nắp đậy

Mi mắt

Lid (n)

/lɪ d/



The Sa Huynh culture cremated adults and

buried them in jars covered with lids, a

practice unique to the culture.



Sa Huynh culture in the Central Coastal

Lowlands is renowned for its jar-shaped

tombs. (mộ chum)

38 Nghi lễ

Ritual (adj-n)

/ˈ rɪ tʃ uə l/

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29 The drums were used as musical instruments in

festivals, such as prayers for rain, for good harvest

and rituals, such as weddings and funerals, as well

as command in army.

39 Phong kiến

Feudal

/ˈ fjuː dl/

The 1st feudal state of ancient Vietnam is Van Lang

State, which was established and ruled by Hung

Kings in the 6th century BC.

40 Quan tài

Coffin (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ fɪ n/

NAmE

/ˈ kɔ ː fɪ n/



The Viet Khe ancient coffin is of the

boat-shaped one (also called hollowed-out tree

trunk burial). This type of grave is often found

in low land areas near the river. The Viet Khe

coffin was unearthed in 1961 in Ngoc Khe

village, Viet Khe commune, Thuy Nguyen

district, Hai Phong city.



The coffin was viewed as a boat which carried

the dead to “the other world”

41 Tang lễ

Funeral (n)

/ˈ fjuː nə rə l/

In many countries, it is a convention to wear black

at funerals.

The funeral will be held next Priday.

* Hỏa táng = cremation (n) /krə ˈ meɪ ʃ n/

* Địa táng = Burial (n) /ˈ beriə l/

* Thủy táng = Water Burial

* Không táng = Sky Burial

* Động táng = Cave Burial

42 Thành trì

Thành lũy

Citadel (n)

= Rampart (n)

/ˈ sɪ tə də l/

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30 Thuc Phan – King An Duong Vuong in the 3rd

century BC.

43 Thời đại kim

khí

Metal Age

/ˈ metl/ /eɪ dʒ /

There were 3 major cultures in Vietnam in the 1st

millennium BC (Metal Age): Dong Son, Sa Huynh

and Dong Nai.

44 Thuyền độc

mộc

Dug-out canoe

(Hollowed-out

tree trunk)

/ˈ dʌ ɡ aʊ t/

/kə ˈ nuː /

= Dug-out (type of light narrow boat) made by

cutting out the inside of a tree trunk

45 Trống đồng

Bronze Drum /brɑ ː nz/

Dong Son culture in the Red River Delta is known

for its elaborate bronze drums.

46 Vại/lọ/bình

Jar (n)

/dʒ ɑ ː r/

She filled the jars with the tomato sauce.

47 Vũ khí

Weapon (n)

/ˈ wepə n/

Education is the only weapon to fight the spread of

the disease.

Room 3: Chinese occupation/domination – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938)

THỜI BẮC THUỘC – ĐẤU TRANH GIÀNH LẠI ĐỘC LẬP

48 Anh hùng

Hero (n)

(pl. heroes)

BrE /ˈ hɪ ə rə ʊ /

NAmE /ˈ hɪ roʊ /

or /ˈ hiː roʊ /

The Hai Ba Trung (Trung Sisters) Temple Festival

is held annually on lunar January 6 in Me Linh

Commune, Me Linh District, Hanoi. It is the

birthplace of the two sisters Trung Trac and Trung

Nhi, two famous Vietnamese heroines who rode

elephants to lead their troops to defeat the foreign

invaders.

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31 50 Bà Triệu

(The)Lady

Triệu

/ˈ leɪ di/

In 225, another woman, Triệu Thị Trinh, popularly

known as Lady Triệu, led another revolt which

lasted until 248. Once again, the uprising failed and

Triệu Thị Trinh threw herself into a river.

51 Cái chậu/cái

thau

Basin (n)

/ˈ beɪ sn/

This object can be used as a basin or a drum.

52 Cai trị/điều

khiển

Rule (v)/(n)

/ruː l/

There were major uprisings against the Chinese

rule during this period such as the Trung Sisiters

(40 AD), Lady Trieu (248), Ly Nam De (542), Mai

Hac De (722), Phung Hung (791), Khuc Family

(905).

53 Con ếch

Frog (n)

≠

Fog (n) sương

mù

BrE /frɒ ɡ /

NAmE /frɔ ː ɡ / ,

/frɑ ː ɡ /

Idioms: have a frog in your throat = bị khan tiếng

54 Cuộc đấu

tranh

Struggle

(n)/(v)

/ˈ strʌ ɡ l/



struggle (for something):

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32 

struggle to do something:

Ex: They struggled just to pay their bills.



struggle (against somebody/something)

Ex: He struggled against cancer for two years.



struggle together = vật lộn/đánh nhau

Ex: Ben and Jack struggled together on the

grass.

55 Cuộc nổi

dậy/cuộc

khởi nghĩa

Rebellion (n)

= Revolt (n)

/rɪ ˈ beljə n/

/rɪ ˈ voʊ lt/



The army put down the rebellion.

56 Đặc sản

Speciality (n)

(also specialty

inNorth

American

English)

/ˌ speʃ iˈ ælə ti/



Fermented pork rolls (nem chua) are seen as a

simple Thanh Hoa's specialty.

57 Điểm tham

quan

Tourist

attraction

/ˈ tʊ ə rɪ st/

/ə ˈ trækʃ n/

About the tourist attractions, the Ho Dynasty’s

Citadel and Sam Son Beach are the most

well-known names. Besides, Ba Trieu Pagoda, Holy Fish

Pond and Ben En National Park are also very

attractive.

In the middle of June, 2012, the Ho Citadel was

recognized by the UNESCO as one of the world

heritages.

58 Đô hộ/thống

trị

Dominate (v)

Occupy (v)

/ˈ dɑ ː mɪ neɪ t/

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33

59 Đốt nương

làm rẫy

Slash-and-burn

agriculture

= Fire-fallow

cultivation

/slæʃ

/-/ænd/-/bɜ ː rn/

They made a living by fishing, hunting and slash-

and burn agriculture.

60 Gìn giữ

Preserve (v)

/prɪ ˈ zɜ ː rv/



They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing.

61 Hai Bà

Trưng

The Trung

Sisters

/ˈ sɪ stə r/

In North Vietnam the people resented Chinese rule

and in 40 AD the Trung Sisters led a rebellion at Mê

Linh district (present day Vĩnh Phúc). However in 43

AD the Chinese crushed the rebellion and the sisters

killed themselves.

To this day, the Trưng Sisters are revered in Vietnam

as the national symbol of Vietnamese women.

62 Hợp

pháp/đúng

luật

Legitimate

(adj)

/lɪ ˈ dʒ ɪ tɪ mə t/

The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn

culture and those of the Han culture – creating a

rather imaginative coordination. It may represent a

“legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn

culture of the ancient Vietnamese.

Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer

inspection, it was found to have been altered.

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34

64 Nhà quản

lý/quản trị

Administrator

(n)

/ə dˈ mɪ nɪ streɪ t

ə r/

The independent period began from 905-931 when

the position of administrator was assumed by Khúc

Thừa Dụ.

65 Nhuộm răng Tooth dyeing

/tuː θ/ /ˈ daɪ ɪ ŋ/



Tooth dyeing = a custom of dyeing one's teeth

black.



They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing.



In Vietnam, tooth dyeing was practiced by the

majority Vietnamese people as well as by

minority ethnic groups.

66 Phong

tục/tục lệ

Custom (n)

≠

Customs (n)

/ˈ kʌ stə mz/

= hải quan

/ˈ kʌ stə m/



an old/ancient custom



the custom of giving presents at Christmas



It's a local custom.



It is the custom in that country for women to

marry young.

67 Phối hợp/kết

hợp

Combine (v)

 combination

(n)

/'kɔ mbain/

/,kɔ mbi'neiʃ n/

The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn

culture and those of the Han culture – creating a

rather imaginative coordination. It may represent a

“legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn

culture of the ancient Vietnamese.

68 Tiếp

quản/nắm

quyền kiểm

soát

Take over

/ˈ teɪ koʊ və r/

When Khúc Thừa Dụ failed in 931, Dương Đinh

Nghệ took over.

69 Vợ lẽ

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35 Nàng hầu

undo the ties of serfdom, and never bend my back

to be the concubine of whatever man."

“Tơi chỉ muốn cưỡi cơn gió mạnh, đạp luồng sóng

dữ, chém cá trường kình ở biển Đông, lấy lại giang

sơn, dựng nền độc lập, cởi ách nô lệ, chứ không chịu

khom lưng làm tì thiếp cho người!”

70 Xâm mình

Tattoo (v-n)

(pl. tattoos)

BrE /tə ˈ tuː /

NAmE /tæˈ tuː /



They preserved the custom and traditions of

tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing.

Room 4: Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225)

THỜI NGÔ – ĐINH – TIỀN LÊ – LÝ

71 A Di Đà

Amitabha

/ə miˈ t̪aː bə /

*This is the statue of Amitabha Buddha displayed in

Phật Tích Pagoda of Bắc Ninh Province.

72 Ám sát

Assassinate (v)

BrE

/ə ˈ sæsɪ neɪ t/

NAmE

/ə ˈ sæsə neɪ t/



The murder of Dinh Bo Linh in 979 brought a

six-year-old Prince to the throne. Meanwhile

the Sung dynasty had taken power in China

where

order

was

restored.

A

Sung

expeditionary corps was sent to reconquer

Vietnam, which was also being attacked from

the south by the Cham.



After King Dinh Tien Hoang and the Crown

Prince Dinh Lien were assassinated, his

commander-in-chief Le Hoan was enthroned.

73 Bài thơ

Poem (n)

 Poet (n) nhà

thơ/thi sĩ

BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ m/

NAmE

/ˈ poʊ ə m/

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36  Poetry (n)

thơ ca/thi vị

BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ t/

NAmE /ˈ poʊ ə t/

74 Bản sao/hiện

vật làm lại

Replica (n)

/ˈ replɪ kə /



a replica of the Eiffel Tower



a replica of the Buddha

75 Buộc tội/kết

tội

Accuse (v)

/ə ˈ kjuː z/

Queen Y Lan, accused of ordering the assassination

of one of her rivals, spent the rest of her life building

100 pagodas to redeem herself.

76 Truyền cảm

hứng

Inspire (v)

 Inspiration

(n)

/ɪ nˈ spaɪ ə r/

His confident leadership inspired his followers.

77 Chiếu (vua

ban)

Chỉ dụ

Sắc lệnh

Edict (n)

/ˈ iː dɪ kt/



Edict on the Transfer of the Capital = Chiếu

Dời Đô



“This area is large and flat, high and bright,

the population are not suffering from floods

and darkness, everything is in full prosperity.

After investigating all lands of Vietnam, this

place is actually the gathering venue of people

from across the nation, the most appropriate

place for eternal capital positioning.

I want to take the most advantage from placing

the capital here. What do you think, the court

mandarins?”

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37 là nơi thắng địa, thực là chỗ tụ hội quan yếu của

bốn phương, đúng là nơi thượng đô kinh sư mãi

muôn đời.

Trẫm muốn nhân địa lợi ấy mà định nơi ở, các

khanh nghĩ thế nào?

78 Chùa Một

Cột

(Diên Hựu)

One Pillar

Pagoda

/wʌ n/ /ˈ pɪ lə r/

/pə ˈ ɡ oʊ də /

Dien Huu Pagoda, commonly known as the

One-Pillar Pagoda and built in 1049, is a graceful

pavilion built on a stone pillar standing in the middle

of a pond, the whole complex resembling a lotus

flower in bloom.

79 Chuộc lỗi

Redeem (v)

/rɪ ˈ diː m/

His good points redeem his faults

80 Địch thủ

Rival (n)

/ˈ raɪ vl/

She has no rival in the field of romantic fiction.

81 Điện tiền chỉ

huy sứ

Court General

/kɔ ː rt/

/ˈ dʒ enrə l/

When Le Hoan’s son, Le Long Dinh died in his

twenties, a Court General named Ly Cong Uan was

enthroned. He established the Ly dynasty lasting

from 1010 to 1225.

82 Đề cao/

Đánh giá

cao

Appreciate (v) /ə ˈ priː ʃ ieɪ t/

There’s no point buying him expensive wines – he

doesn’t appreciate them.

83 Ghi dấu

Mark (v)

/mɑ ː rk/

Ngo Quyen marked the end of the Chinese

domination by the victory at the Bach Dang River in

938.

84 Hoàng thành

Thăng Long

Imperial

Citadel of

Thang Long

/ɪ mˈ pɪ riə l/

/ˈ sɪ tə del/

The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was first

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38

85 Hỗn độn

Lộn xộn

Chaos (n)

BrE /ˈ keɪ ɒ s/

NAmE

/ˈ keɪ ɑ ː s

After Ngo Quyen’s death, Vietnam was in political

chaos and devastated by 12 Warlords.

86 Lãnh thổ

Territory (n)

(pl.

territories)

BrE /ˈ terə tri/

NAmE

/ˈ terə tɔ ː ri/

“Vietnam’s territory is controlled by Vietnam’s

Emperor;

It was determined by the Providence.

Any invader cannot occupy our country;

You will surely be defeated.”

Nam Quốc Sơn Hà

(Mountains and Rivers of the Southern

Country)

87 Lên ngôi

Enthrone (v)

BrE /ɪ nˈ θrə ʊ n/

NAmE

/ɪ nˈ θroʊ n/

The Queen was enthroned in an ancient abbey.

88 Màu mỡ/phì

nhiêu

Fertile (adj)

BrE /ˈ fɜ ː taɪ l/

NAmE /ˈ fɜ ː rtl/



a fertile region/valley



the product of a fertile brain/imagination/

mind

89 Mộc bản

Wood-block

=

Wood-engraving

/wʊ

d/-/ɪ nˈ ɡ reɪ vɪ ŋ/

This is the woodblock of the “Chieu Doi Do”

(“Edict on the Transfer of the Capital” written by

King Ly Cong Uan on the move of Vietnam’s

capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La – Hanoi at present)

90 Ngoại xâm

Kẻ xâm lược

Invader (n)

/ɪ nˈ veɪ də r/

Le Hoan then led the people against the Chinese Sung

invader and won the battle in 980.

91 Hoàng Thái

Tử

Crown Prince

/kraʊ n/ /prɪ ns/

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39

92 Nhà chính

trị

Politician (n)

/ˌ pɑ ː lə ˈ tɪ ʃ n/

Ly Thuong Kiet was the architect of the victory. He

was a great politician who knew how to win the

hearts of the people and inspire his troops with

enthusiasm.

93 Nhà Tống

Chinese Sung /

Sung (Song)

dynasty

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/

/sʌ ŋ/

Song dynasty, Wade-Ciles Romanization Sung

(960-1279), Chinese dynasty that ruled the country during

one of its most brilliant cultural epochs.

94 Nho giáo

Confucianism

/kə nˈ fjuː ʃ ə nɪ

zə m/

*In the Ly Dynasty, Confucianism was highly

appreciated.



appreciate somebody/something

His talents are not fully appreciated in that

company.

Her family doesn't appreciate her.

Thanks for coming. I appreciate it.

I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.



appreciate somebody doing something

We would appreciate you letting us know of any

problems.

95 Phật giáo

Buddhism (n)

/ˈ bʊ dɪ zə m/

During the Lý Dynasty, Buddhism was the national

religion. Many beautiful pagodas were built, some

of them have beenpreserved up to the present day,

such as One Pillar Pagoda in Hanoi built in 1041

and Keo Pagoda in Thai Binh Province.

96 Quốc Tử

Giám

The royal

college

/ˈ rɔ ɪ ə l/

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40 to worship Khong Tu/ Confucius, and the Quoc Tu

Giam (the royal college) was built in 1076.

97 Thăng Long

≠

Hạ Long

Ascending

Dragon

≠

Descending

Dragon

/ə ˈ send/

/ˈ dræɡ ə n/

/dɪ ˈ sendɪ ŋ/

/ˈ dræɡ ə n/

Ly Cong Uan, then called King Ly Thai To, moved

the capital city from Hoa Lu to present Hanoi and

renamed it Thang Long (Ascending Dragon).The

country was renamed Dai Viet.

98 Thập đạo

tướng quân

= Tổng tư

lệnh

Commander-in-chief

(abbreviation

C.-in-C.)

/kə ˈ mændə r/

/tʃ iː f/

After winning victory and ascending the throne, King

Dinh Tien Hoang appointed Le Hoan (as)

Commander – in – chief.

99 Trận đánh

Battle (n)

/ˈ bætl/

This is the model of the battle against the Chinese

Sung at the Cau River in 1077.

100 Tuyên

bố/công bố

Declare (v)

BrE /dɪ ˈ kleə (r)/

NAmE /dɪ ˈ kler/

In 968, Dinh Bo Linh defeated the twelve lords and

unified the country. He declared himself King and

named the country Dai Co Viet. This name remained

throughout the Dinh Dynasty (968-980), Pre-Le

Dynasty (980-1009) and the beginning of Ly Dynasty

(1010-1225).

101 Tuyên ngôn

độc lập

Declaration of

Independence

/ˌ deklə ˈ reɪ ʃ n/

/ˌ ɪ ndɪ ˈ pendə n

s/

The Declaration of Independence of the Democratic

Republic of Vietnam was proclaimed by Uncle Ho on

the 2

of September, 1945 in Hanoi’s Ba Dinh

Square.

102 Văn Miếu

The Temple of

Literature

/ˈ templ/

/ˈ lɪ trə tʃ ə r/

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41

103 Vùng đồng

bằng

Lowland

Delta (n)

/ˈ loʊ lə nd/

/ˈ deltə /

The Red River Delta = Đồng bằng sông Hồng

104 Vùng núi

Mountainous

(adj)

/ˈ maʊ ntə nə s/

During this time, the capital city was moved from the

mountainous region Hoa Lư – Ninh Bình Province

to Thang Long – the fertile area.

Room 5: Trần – Hồ dynasties (1226 – 1407)

THỜI TRẦN – HỒ

105 Chuyển giao

(quyền lực)

Handover (v)

BrE

/ˈ hændə ʊ və (r)/

NAmE

/ˈ hændoʊ və r/

At the end of the Lý Dynasty, the Queen Lý Chiêu

Hoàng got married to Trần Cảnh and handed over the

throne to her husband.

106 Cọc

Stake (n)

/steɪ k/

These are the wooden stakes in 13th century. They

were planted on Bạch Đằng River bed for breaking

out Mongols – Yuan aggressor’s warships.

107 Đế/bệ đỡ

Base (n)

/beɪ s/

Pho Minh Tower, built in 1305, is 14 stories high

with the lowest two levels made of stone and the

rest of brick.

The base was shaped like a lotus flower emerging

from the water.

108 Hịch tướng

sĩ

Call of

Soldiers

(Appeal = yêu

cầu khẩn)

/ə ˈ piː l/

When the country was invaded by the Mongols,

General Tran Hung Dao, wrote a Call of Soldiers

which is one of the jewels in the treasury of our

national literature:

“I can neither eat nor sleep, my heart aches, and

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42 being unable yet to tear the enemy to pieces, pluck

out his liver, taste his blood.”

109 Kho tàng

Kho báu

Treasure (n)

/'treʤə /

The museum houses many priceless treasures.

110 Làm giận

điên điên/nổi

khùng

Enrage (v)

Enraged (adj)

/ɪ nˈ reɪ dʒ /

Plans to build a new night club in the neighborhood

have engraged local residents.

111 Mạnh

mẽ/mạnh liệt

Vigorous (adj) /ˈ vɪ ɡ ə rə s/

During this 400-year period the country experienced

vigorous development in many fields.

112 Nước Mông

Cổ

Mongolia (n)

Mongol: người

Mông Cổ

During the Tran Dynasty, the Mongols invaded Dai

Viet 3 times and they were all defeated.

113 Phái thiền

Zen Sect

/zen/ /sekt/

Buddhism was considered the national religion of

the Tran dynasty.

In 1307, the Truc Lam Zen Sect of Buddhism was

founded by King Tran Nhan Tong.

114 Răng nanh

Fang (n)

/fæŋ/

The Tran dragon differs from the Ly with its short

fangs, sticking out horns and holding a pearl in its

mouth.

In generally, the Tran Dynasty’s dragon is strong

and the Ly Dynasty’s dragon is soft.

115 Thao

túng/thủ

đoạn/điều

khiển

Maneuver

(v-n)

=Manoeuvre

/mə ˈ nuː və r/

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43

116 Thối vị/từ

ngơi

Abdicate (v)

/ˈ æbdɪ keɪ t/

The King abdicated the throne when he was 35 and

spent the rest of his life on Yen Tu Mountain

practising and propagating Buddhism.

117 Thủy triều

Tide (n)

/taɪ d/

At high tide, when the stakes remained hidden, he

sent out small boats to lure Mongols’ warships to

the trap.

118 Truyền

bá/phổ biến

rộng rãi

Propagate (v)

/ˈ prɑ ː pə ɡ eɪ t/

Televion advertising propagates a false image of the

ideal family.

Room 6: Champa culture (2

nd

– 17

th

centuries)

VĂN HÓA CHĂMPA

119 Ảnh

hưởng/chi

phối

Influence (v-n) /ˈ ɪ nfluə ns/

Under the influence of Indian religions, the Cham

worship Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. In the 11th

century, Islam was also a factor in Champa life.

120 Bảo vệ / hộ

Protect (v)

 Protection

(n)

 Protector

(n)

/prə ˈ tekt/

Vishnu is one of the principal Hindu deities,

worshiped as the protector and preserver of the

world.

121 Bò thần

(Nadin)

Sacred Cow

/ˈ seɪ krɪ d/ /kaʊ / In the oldest religion of the world, Hinduism, the

cow is thought to be sacred, or deeply respected.

122 Chim thần

Garuda

Garuda is a vehicle of Vishnu (one of the three gods

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44 (vật cưỡi của

thần Vishnu)

In Champa sculpture, Garuda and Naga are often

manifested in the position that Garuda is swallowing

Naga snake in a fierce look.

123 Hủy diệt

Destroy (v)

 Destruction

(n)

/dɪ ˈ strɔ ɪ /

/dɪ ˈ strʌ kʃ n/

Most of the old part of the city was destroyed by

bombs during the war.

124 Linga

A Male’s

penis

= Yang

/meɪ l/ /ˈ piː nɪ s/

The symbol of Shiva is the Linga which is also a

manifestation of a trinity with Shiva represented by

the rounded head, Vishnu by the 8-sided mid-section

and Brahma the 4-sided lower section.

125 Phúc thần

(Ganesha)

Lord of

Success

(The Hindu

Elephant-Deity)

The

elephant-headed God

/lɔ ː rd/ /ə v/

/sə kˈ ses/

Ganesha, son of Shiva and Parvati, is represented in

human form with an elephant head and a very large

belly which has burst due to over-eating and which

had to be held together by the snake Naduki.

126 Rưới/rắc/rải/

tưới

Sprinkle (v-n)

/ˈ sprɪ ŋkl/

On the festival, the leading monk takes the bottle of

holy water mixed with incense to sprinkle god status

(statues made of stone is under the form of

Mukhalinga – linga human face form.)

127 Sáng tạo

Create (v)

 Creation (n)

 Creative

(adj)

/kriˈ eɪ t/

/kriˈ eɪ ʃ n/

/kriˈ eɪ tɪ v/

/kriˈ eɪ ʃ nɪ zə m

/

Shiva is honoured as the highest god by the Cham

people. Shiva is a god of destruction as well as

creation that protects the Cham people. Shiva is

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45  Creationism

(n) = thuyết

sáng tạo

the sun, the moon and earthly fire, and is capable of

seeing the past, present and future.

128 Thánh địa

Holy Land

/ˈ hoʊ li/ /lænd/

In 1999, the complex known as “The Holy Land of

Mỹ Sơn” was recognized by UNESCO as a world

heritage site.

129 Thờ cúng

Worship (v-n) /ˈ wɜ ː rʃ ɪ p/

Under the influence of Indian religions, the Cham

worship Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. In the 11th

century, Islam was also a factor in Champa life.

130 Tín ngưỡng

phồn thực

Lingaism (n)

= Breeding/

Fertility Belief

N/A

“Breeding Fertility” Belief / Lingaism is a form of

human belief that came into being in the past in

order to encourage mankind birth, zin-zang sexual

intercourse and the maintainance.

131 Văn hóa

Culture (n)

 Cultural

(adj)

/ˈ kʌ ltʃ ə r/

/ˈ kʌ ltʃ ə rə l/

132 Yoni

A Female’s

reproductive

organ

= Yin

/ˈ fiː meɪ l/

/ˌ riː prə ˈ dʌ ktɪ

v/ /ˈ ɔ ː rɡ ə n/

The Yoni form in Cham culture is also diverse:

rectangular, squared, round shapes or decoration

shaped like women’s breasts symbolise femininity.

Room 7: Oc Eo culture (1

st

– 7

th

centuries)

VĂN HÓA ÓC EO

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46 (chết đuối vớ được cọc/ méo mó có hơn

khơng)

134 Có hai đầu

Bicephalous

(adj)

/bai'sefə lə s/

A gemstone bicephalous earring (khuyên tai hai

đầu) is attached to the area behind the left ear.

The earring also shows that 2500 years ago in Can

Gio jewelry was used widely.

135 Đá quý

Gemstone

/ˈ dʒ emstoʊ n/

Gemstone beads from the Dong Nai Culture date

back to 2,500 years ago. They were excavated in

Can Gio District in 1995.

136 Điệu bộ, cử

chỉ

Gesture (n)

/ˈ dʒ estʃ ə r/

Buddha stands on a lotus throne, draped in a robe

which opens at the shoulders, the left hand holds the

fold of the robe while the right hand is in a gesture

of blessing.

137 Hàm/quai

hàm

Jaw

 Top/Upper

jaw = hàm

trên

 Bottom/Low

er jaw = hàm

dưới

/dʒ ɔ ː /

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47 138 Hộp sọ

Skull (n)

/skʌ l/

This is the skull of a male aged about 30-40 years

and shows a complete set of teeth on the upper and

lower jaws.

139 Khố dài

Dhoti

BrE /ˈ də ʊ ti/

NAmE /ˈ doʊ ti/

Indian folk dancers dressed in dhotis.

140 Linga có

khắc mặt

thần Siva

Mukhalinga

/Miu:kə /



Mukhalinga is a linga with one or more

human faces.



The linga represents Shiva.

The representation of mukhalinga originated

in India and came to the Southern Vietnam

after the Funan period. The image of Shiva is

carved in great details including eyes, nose,

mouth, hair and earrings. The sacred

mukhalinga is placed in the central hall for

worship.

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48 142 Quả cầu

Sphere (n)

BrE /sfɪ ə (r)/

NAmE /sfɪ r/

Golf balls, though they are covered with

dimples, they are approximately spheres, not

perfectly.

143 Thương mại

Commercial

(n-adj)

/kə ˈ mɜ ː rʃ l/

The 450ha Oc Eo relic is located in the area of Sap

– Ba The Mountain, Thoai Son district, An Giang

Province. The relic was first excavated by French

archaeologist Louis Malleret in 1944 and is believed

to have been a prosperous commercial port of the

once-powerful Phu Nam kingdom 2,000 years ago.

144 Tơn

sùng/sùng

kính

Revere (v)

BrE /rɪ ˈ vɪ ə (r)/

NAmE /rɪ ˈ vɪ r/

Unlike Champa where the Shiva God was revered,

Lower Chenla (Thủy Chân Lạp) worshipped only

Vishnu, god of preservation.

Statues of Vishnu are presented in a standing

position, the lower body wrapped in a dhoti or

sampot, the 4 hands hold a club, a conch shell, a

horn and a sphere.

Room 8: Buddhist statues from various Asian countries

TƯỢNG PHẬT MỘT SỐ NƯỚC CHÂU Á

145 Cây bồ đề

Pipal (Tree)

=Bodhi Tree

/ˈ pi:pl/

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49 Ananda hung the hammock between two Pipal trees.

Buddha lay on the hammock, with his head pointing

towards the north and one leg resting on the other in

a position that aims to generate a clear-sighted spirit.

Thus Buddha entered nirvana.

146 Điện thờ

Sanctuary (n)

/ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/

Women were forbidden to enter the sanctuary in

Myanmar.

147 Đứa bé

Infant (n)

/ˈ ɪ nfə nt/

She was seriously ill as an infant.

148 Lộ ra

Reveal (v)

/rɪ ˈ viː l/

Statue of Buddha in Nirvana is represented lying

sideway, wearing a monk’s robe that reveals the

right shoulder.

149 Niết bàn

Nirvana (n)

BrE

/nɪ ə ˈ vɑ ː nə /

NAmE

/nɪ rˈ vɑ ː nə /

The term “nirvana” is most commonly associated

with Buddhism, and representsits ultimate state of

soteriological release and liberation from rebirths in

samsara.

150 Phật bà

Quan Âm

nghìn mắt

nghìn tay

Buddha with a

thousand eyes

and hands

Thousand

hand Guan

Yin

N/A

From the 15th century, Buddhism had substantial

impact on the spiritual life of the Vietnamese and

was a source of inspiration for several excellent

architectural projects and sculptures such as But

Thap pagoda (Bac Ninh), and the wooden statue of

Buddha with a thousand eyes and hands/ the

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50

151 Phật Đản

Sanh

Buddha at

Birth

(Infant

Buddha)

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə t/

/bɜ ː rθ/

The Infant Buddha statue is common in the

Vietnamese pagoda.

Presented as an infant wrapped in a short skirt it

stands on a lotus throne.

The left hand points toward the sky while the right

hand points toward the earth in a gesture indicating

Yin and Yang in harmony.

152 Phật Di Lặc

Buddha of the

Future/

Maitreya

Buddha

= Laughing

Buddha

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/

/ðə /

/ˈ fjuː tʃ ə (r)/

In the 18th-19th centuries, the Buddhist sanctuary

became more crowded with multiple statues of

Buddhas

and

other

deities

including

The

fat,laughing Buddha of the future, the Arhats, and

the appearance of Infant Sakyamuni with Nine

Dragons.

This was particularly the case in Northern Vietnam

pagodas.

153 Quan Thế

Âm

Goddess of

Mercy

(Guan Yin)

/ˈ ɡ ɒ də s/ /ə v/

/ˈ mɜ ː rsi/

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51 154 Thần

Deity (n)

(pl. deities)

/ˈ deɪ ə ti/ or

/ˈ diː ə ti/

To the ancient Greeks, Zeus was the deity who ruled

over the sky and weather, and Poseidon was god of

the sea.

155 Thích Ca

Mâu Ni

Sakyamuni (n)

Gautama

Buddha

Buddhism was founded by Sakyamuni in northern

India around the 6th century B.C.

After Sakyamuni attained nirvana, Buddhism spread

everywhere:



In the North: Mahayana Buddhism went to

Tibet, and Central Asia to China, Vietnam,

Korea and Japan,



In the South: Theravada Buddhism went to Sri

Lanka, South Asia and Southeast Asia.

156 Tượng

Statue (n)

/ˈ stætʃ uː /



Chinese/Japanese/Thai/Cambodian/Vietnames

e Buddha Statues



Statue of Buddha in Nirvana



Infant Sakyamuni Statue

Room 9: Posterior Lê – Mạc – Lê Trịnh – Nguyễn Lords dynasties (1428 – 1788)

THỜI LÊ SƠ – MẠC – LÊ TRỊNH & CHÚA NGUYỄN

157 Bản tuyên

ngơn

Manifesto (n)

(pl.

manifestos)

BrE

/ˌ mỉnɪ ˈ festə ʊ

/ NAmE

/ˌ mænɪ ˈ festoʊ /

The 2nd Manifesto of Independence by Nguyen

Trai.

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52 159 Bình vơi

Lime Pot

/laɪ m/ /pɒ t/

This is a common Chu Đậu ceramic form of lime pot.

Chu Dau ceramic was discovered and developed

from the Tran, Le, Mac dynasties, and had its most

prosperous time from 15th - 17th centuries.

160 Chân dung

Portrait (n)

BrE /ˈ pɔ ː treɪ t/,

/ˈ pɔ ː trə t/

NAmE

/ˈ pɔ ː rtrə t/

This is the portrait of Nguyen Trai, who wrote the

Great Proclamation considered to be the 2nd

Manifesto/Declaration of Independence of Vietnam.

161 Chia

cắt/phân

chia

Partition (v-n) /pɑ ː rˈ tɪ ʃ n/

Nguyen Hoang declared himself Lord in Phu Xuan in

1600 and the civil war between the Trinh and Nguyen

families broke out until 1674 when Dai Viet was

eventually partitioned.

162 Chiếm ưu

thế

Predominate

(v)

/prɪ ˈ dɑ ː mɪ ne

ɪ t/

At that time, Confucianism predominated.

163 Chúa

Nguyễn

Chúa Trịnh

Nguyen Lord

Trinh Lord

/lɔ ː rd/

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53 164 Con nuôi

Adopted

child/son/daug

hter

/ə ˈ dɒ ptɪ d/

They’re got two adopted children and one of their

own.

165 Cuộc chinh

phạt

Conquest (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkwest/

NAmE

/ˈ kɑ ː ŋkwest/

In 1471, King Le Thanh Tong finished the conquest

of Champa. The country was expanded to the South.

166 Dựng nên/

xây dựng

Build (v)

Erect (v)

/bild/

/ɪ ˈ rekt/

167 Giải

phóng/phịn

g thích

Liberate (v)

/ˈ lɪ bə reɪ t/

Le Loi, the founder of the Le dynasty, is one of the

most celebrated heroes in the country. He liberated

the country from Chinese Ming domination in 1428.

168 Khôi phục/

Phục hồi

Recover (v)

/rɪ ˈ kʌ və r/

It took a long time for economy to recover after the

slump.

169 Làm mất ổn

định

Destabilize (v)

/ˌ diː ˈ steɪ bə la

ɪ z/

The conflict destabilized the whole region.

170 Lãnh

đạo/dẫn dắt

Lead – led –

led (v)

/liː d/-/led/-/led/

Le Loi led the Lam Son defeating the Ming and

established the Le Dynasty in 1428 which lasted until

1788, the longest reign in Vietnam’s history.

171 Mở rộng

Expand (v)

/ɪ kˈ spænd/

During the Le Dynasty, the country continued to be

expanded.

172 Nhà Minh

(TQ)

Ming Chinese/

dynasty

/mɪ ŋ /

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/

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54 173 Nổi loạn

Rebel (v)

 Rebellion

(n)

/reˈ bel/

/rɪ ˈ beljə n/

When the Mac overthrew the Le in 1527, a former

official in the Le Court, Nguyen Kim rebelled

against the Mac and recovered the Le power.

174 Quan lại/

Viên chức

Mandarin (n)

/ˈ mændə rɪ n/

The Temple of Literature opened not only for

Mandarin’s children but also for the local people in

1253.

175 Sự thừa

nhận/công

nhận

Recognition

(n)

/ˌ rekə ɡ ˈ nɪ ʃ n/

During the Le Dynasty, the Complete History was

written by Ngo Sy Lien. The Hong Duc legal Code

was announced. Hong Duc code was based on

Chinese law but included distinctly Vietnamese

features, such as recognition of the higher position

of women.

176 Sự tranh đua Rivalry (n)

/ˈ raɪ vlri/

Beginning in 1527, Vietnam came under the control

of two families, the Trinh Lord, dominant in the

North, and the Nguyen Lord in the Southern part.

Their military and political rivalry destabilized the

Le dynasty and brought its end in 1788.

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55

177

178 Đúc (súng),

nấu chảy

Cast (v)

BrE /kɑ ː st/

NAmE /kæst/

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56 179 Gang

Pig-iron (n)

/pɪ ɡ /-/ˈ aɪ ə rn/ Pig iron is the first step of processing as aresult of

smelting the raw one.

180 Giải thoát

Release (v)

/rɪ ˈ liː s/

In Saigon the French turned the barrels of 12 captured

cannons (10 Thắng Uy (means: Authority of

victory), 1 Hùng Uy (Authority of hero) and 1 Vũ

Công (feat of arms) to the ground and chained them

along the river bank at the end of Catinat Street (now

Đồng Khởi) until 1936 when these cannons were

released to the Blanchard de la Brosse Museum

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57 181 Hỏa lực

Firepower (n)

/ˈ faɪ ə rpaʊ ə r/

The company has enormous financial firepower.

182 Kích

thước/cỡ/kh

ổ

Dimension (n)

= Size (n)

/daɪ ˈ menʃ n/

/dɪ ˈ menʃ n/

Cannons are often of large dimensions and of a

heavy weight.

183 Máy bắn

đá/nỏ

Catapult (n)

/ˈ kætə pʌ lt/

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58

185 Nòng (súng)

Cỡ nòng

Bore (n)

BrE /bɔ ː (r)/

NAmE /bɔ ː r/



a twelve-bore shotgun

186 Pháo/pháo

binh

Artillery (n)

BrE /ɑ ː ˈ tɪ lə ri/

NAmE

/ɑ ː rˈ tɪ lə ri/



The town is under heavy artillery fire.



Heavy artillery = trọng pháo

187 Phát

minh/sáng

chế

Invent (v)

 Invention

(n)

/ɪ nˈ vent/

/ɪ nˈ venʃ n/

-It was not until the 14th century that the Europeans

learned the gun powder technology from China, and

from the Chinese fire crackers they invented the

cannon, a fire power capable of destroying the

enemies from afar.

188 Súng thần

công

Đại bác

Cannon (n)

/ˈ kænə n/



The Nine Holy Cannons = Cửu Vị Thần Công

 On January 1st 1803, Emperor Gia Long

ordered all bronze wares of the Tay Son

dynasty to be collected and melt into nine

cannons.

 The Nine Holy Cannons are the tourist

attractions in the citadel of Hue



Luân xa pháo: Cannon on wheels

189 Thuốc súng

Gunpowder

(n)

/ˈ ɡ ʌ npaʊ də r/

-In the late 14th century, Hồ Nguyên Trừng was the

first person in Vietnam to make cannon known as

“Thần cơ sang pháo”/ “Eruptor” cannon which used

gun powder.

190 Xích/trói

Chain (v)

/tʃ eɪ n/

It’s so cruel to keep a pony chained up like that all

the time.

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59 THỜI TÂY SƠN

191 Băng hà

Qua đời

Pass away

BrE /pɑ ː s/

/ə ˈ weɪ /

NAmE /pæs/

/ə ˈ weɪ /

Emperor Quang Trung passed away in 1792.

192 Cải cách

Innovate (v)

/ˈ ɪ nə veɪ t/

193 Chính sách

Policy (n)

(pl. policies)

BrE /ˈ pɒ lə si/

NAmE

/ˈ pɑ ː lə si/

Quang Trung Nguyen Hue, the fouder of the Tay Son

dynasty, implemented progressive innovations and

policies on land and education but he passed away in

1792.

194 Chứng minh

thư

Identity Card

= ID Card

/aɪ ˈ dentə ti/

/kɑ ː rd/

Emperor Quang Trung introduced the identity card

system to govern the large population.

195 Đoạt

lấy/Xâm

chiếm

Conquer (v)

BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkə (r)/

NAmE

/ˈ kɑ ː ŋkə r/

Nguyễn Ánh later returned to the Mekong Delta to

fight Tây Sơn. Tây Sơn was defeated in 1802 and

Nguyễn Ánh conquered Phú Xuân Land.

196 Hệ thống

chữ viết

Script

/skrɪ pt/



Emperor Quang Trung expanded foreign trade

for the economic development. He also

encouraged people to use of national script –

Nôm language.

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60 197 Nhà Thanh

Qing Chinese

/tʃ in/

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/

Nguyen Hue then continued to defeat the Trinh Lords

and the Le Kings who asked for help from the Qing

Chinese in the North and reunified the country in

1789.

198 Nổ ra/diễn

ra

Break out

(phrasal verb)

In 1771, the Tay Son rebellion led by the 3 brothers

Nguyen Nhac, Nguyen Hue, Nguyen Lu broke out

in Binh Dinh province.

199 Nông nghiệp Agriculture (n) /ˈ æɡ rɪ kʌ ltʃ ə r/

In the economic field, Nguyen Hue also carried out

many policies to restore the economy, first of all

agriculture which had fallen into serious decline, to

strengthen the small farmers economy in order to

pave the way for (mở đường cho…) the

development of the goods economy.

200 Sự nhũng

nhiễu/tham

nhũng

Corruption (n)

 Corrupt

(v)

/kə ˈ rʌ pʃ n/

During the 9th Nguyễn Lord, the locals were very

poor and unhappy because of the corruption.

201 Xiêm La

Siamese

/ˈ saɪ ə miː z/

In 1785, Nguyen Hue defeated the Nguyen Lords

who were supported by the Siamese

in the South.

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61

202 Bức bình

phong

Folding Screen

(n)

/ˈ foʊ ldɪ ŋ/

/skriː n/

203 Chiến hạm

Warship

/ˈ wɔ ː rʃ ɪ p/

The engravings on the nine incense burners at the

Hue Citadel show the famous warships of the

Nguyen’s naval power at the time.

204 Chủ nghĩa

bành trướng

Expansionism

(n)

 Expand

(v)

/ɪ kˈ spænʃ ə nɪ z

ə m/

/ɪ kˈ spænd/

In the mid 19th century when the European

expansionism grew, the French fired the first shots

to open the invasion of Việt Nam in Đà Nẳng

205 Con dấu

Seal (n)

/siː l/

The heaviest seal, Hoang De Ton Than Chi Bao/ the

On orders of the Emperor was used to stamp on

documents of the Nguyen kings.

206 Di sản

Heritage (n)

/ˈ herɪ tɪ dʒ /

In 1993 the Huế Imperial Citadel was recognized by

UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

207 Hậu duệ

Descendant (n) /dɪ ˈ sendə nt/

In 1802, after he defeated the forces of Tay Son,

Nguyen Anh, who was a descendant of Nguyen

Lords, unified the country and established the

Nguyen dynasty.

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62 Tao canal. He was famous for the statement: “Only

when all the grass in Vietnam has been pulled out

then only will there be no Vietnamese to fight the

aggressors”

209 Khảm/dát

vào

Inlay (v)

= Inlaid

(V2&V3)

/ˌ ɪ nˈ leɪ /

/ˌ ɪ nˈ leɪ d/



inlay A (with B) | inlay B (in/into A)

Ex: The lid of the box had been inlaid with silver.

Ex: Gold and silver had been inlaid into the lid of

the box.

210 Long bào

Imperial

mantle (King’s

Robe)

/ɪ mˈ pɪ ə riə l/

/ˈ mæntl/

To make an imperial mantle, artisans of Dong Cuu

village have worked for a year.

211 Móng (rồng) Dragon’s Claw

/ˈ dræɡ ə n/

/klɔ ː /

Images of the Dragon King have 5 claws, while

images of lesser dragons have only 4 claws.

212 Nhạc cụ

Musical

instruments

/ˈ mjuː zɪ kl/

/ˈ ɪ nstrə mə nt/

Vietnamese musical instruments can be divided

into four groups:



Plucked Strings



Bowed Strings



Winds

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63

213 Phạm vi/

quy mô

Extent (n)

/ɪ kˈ stent/

During this time, the country was expanded to the

greatest extent and the foreign trade was opened with

Europe, India and Indonesia.

214 Suy

tàn/xuống

dốc

Decline (n-v)

/dɪ ˈ klaɪ n/

Due to the decline of Tay Son Dynasty in the late

18th century, Nguyen Anh – a descendant of the

Nguyen Lords took revenge.

After defeating against the Tay Son, he established

the Nguyen Dynasty which lasted from 1802 to 1945.

215 Thời gian trị

vì/thống trị

Reign (n-v)

/reɪ n/

The capital city was moved to Hue, where the

Nguyen Dynasty reigned through 13 kings. The

country was renamed Viet Nam under the reign of

Minh Mang.

216 Thương mại

Mậu dịch

Trade (n)

/treɪ d/

The two countríes have signed a trade agreement for

one year only.

217 Trả thù/rửa

hận

Revenge (n-v) /rɪ ˈ vendʒ /

Revenge is a dish which is best served cold.

218 Xà cừ

Mother-of-pearl

/ˈ mʌ ðə r/

/pɜ ː rl/

There are actually 3 kinds of lacquerware: Mother –

of – pearl, eggshell, painting or any of the

combination of these three.

Room 13: Cambodia stone carvings (9

th

– 13

th

centuries)

ĐIÊU KHẮC ĐÁ CAMPUHIA

219 Điêu

khắc/chạm

trổ

Sculpture (n-v) /ˈ skʌ lptʃ ə r/

Hinduism became Cambodia's official religion

during this period of time and remained the official

religion until the 12th century AD. Many of the

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64 represent the three Gods in the Hindu religion. That

is, Brahma (the creator), Shiva (the destroyer), and

Vishnu (the preserver).

220 Láng giềng

Neighbour (n)

(especially US

English:

neighbor)

BrE /ˈ neɪ bə (r)/

NAmE

/ˈ neɪ bə r/

Kingdom Cambodia is a neighbouring country to the

southwest of Vietnam with which has a long

historical and cultural relationship.

221 Lồi ra/phình

lên

Bulging (adj)

= Bulgy

/ˈ bʌ ldʒ ɪ ŋ/

Large colorful statue of Buddhist deity Kala with

bulging eyes in front of temple in Cambodia.

222 Mối hận

thù/hiềm

khích

Feud (n)

/fjuː d/

According to Indian legend, Garuda and Naga are in

a death feud as Naga killed Garuda’s mother.

223 Nữ thần

Apsara

N/A



Apsara is a traditional dance of Cambodia

called “Robam Apsara”.



The images of Apsara dancers were endless

materials for stone sculpture art in Cambodia.

224 Quần/Váy

Sam-pát

Sampot (n)

N/A

The sampot is a long, rectangular cloth worn around

the lower body. It can be draped and folded in several

different ways.

225 Rực rỡ/

thịnh vượng

Prosperous

BrE

/ˈ prɒ spə rə s/

NAmE

/ˈ prɑ ː spə rə s/

In the Angkor period (9th-13th centuries) the Khmer

culture and the Kingdom were at its most prosperous

time.

226 Rừng

nguyên sinh

Primeval

forests

/praɪ ˈ miː vl/

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65

227 Sắp xếp/chất

thành

đống/xếp

thành chồng

Stack (v)

/stæk/

Here the carving is executed on 3 stacked blocks of

stone.

The Garuda is carved standing at one corner with a

full chest, bulging eyes, and its slightly hooked beak

tightly closed. Arms raised high above its head, it

holds the tail of the snake while its feet pin down the

neck of the snake. Its lower body is wrapped with a

sampot.

228 Thợ thủ

công

Artisan (n)

BrE

/ˌ ɑ ː tɪ ˈ zæn/

NAmE

/ˈ ɑ ː rtə zn/

Recently, I visited the Angkor Conservation office

and I had the chance to see some of the artisans at

work who are making these replica heads outside the

south gate of Angkor Thom. The level of detail is

amazing!

229 Tinh xảo

Elaborate (adj) /ɪ ˈ læbə rə t/

Stone is used for some of the more elaborate

carvings, such as the temple carvings at Angkor Wat.

230 Trói

chặt/Ghì

chặt

(somebody)

down

/pɪ n/ /daʊ n/

A large picture of the president was pinned on the

office wall.

231 Vương quốc Kingdom (n)

/ˈ kɪ ŋdə m/



the United Kingdom



the Cambodia Kingdom



Idioms: till/until kingdom come (cho tới lúc

chết)

= for ever

Ex: He’ll talk till kingdom come if you let him.

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66 GỐM MỘT SỐ NƯỚC CHÂU Á

232 Bàn xoay

(gốm)

Ceramic

turn-table (n)

/ˈ tɜ ː rnteɪ bl/

233 Bình/Chậu/

Vại/ Lọ

Vessel (n)

/ˈ vesl/

Vietnamese ceramics first appeared around 10,000

years ago during the New Stone Age in the Hịa Bình

– Bắc Sơn culture.

This period produced earthenware vessels (đồ đất

nung) with beautiful forms decorated with rich

geometrical designs used for storage.

234 Đa sắc

Polychrome

(n)

=

Polychromatic

≠

Monochromati

c

(đơn sắc)

/'pɔ likroum/

/,pɔ likrə 'mætik/

/ˌ mɑ ː nə kroʊ ˈ

mætɪ k/s

In the late 14th century to the early 15th century a

new development took place with the introduction of

blue-and-white painted ware which quickly attained

a high point at centres such as Chu Đậu and Bát

Tràng. In the 15th century Vietnamese

blue-and-whites and polychromes found export markets in

countries like Japan, island Southeast Asia, and in

the Middle East.

235 Đắm tàu

Wreck (n)

/rek/

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67 236 Đất sét

Clay (n)

/kleɪ /

Idioms: have feet of clay (to have a fault or

weakness in your character)

Ex: When the actor was imprisoned for drug

offences, his fans were upset to find that their hero

had feet of clay.

237 Đĩa / món ăn Dish (n)

/dɪ ʃ /



This makes an excellent hot main dish.



I can recommend the chef's dish of the day.



Let’s see the Dish in Blue-and-white: the

interior feature a landscape with a pine tree,

Mount Fuji in the background covered in

snow. The rim is outlined with a fine

yellow-brown line.

238 Lò nung

Kiln (n)

/kɪ ln/

In the first half of the 5th century ceramic making

techniques from Korea were brought to Japan with

the turn-table and the tube kiln which enabled firing

at very high temperatures.

In Việt Nam, Japanese ceramics have been found in

ancient trading ports such as Phố Hiến (Hưng Yên),

Thanh Hà (Huế), and Hội An (Quảng Nam).

239 Màu ngọc

bích

Celadon (n)

/'selə dɔ n/

240 Men, nước

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68

241 Món hàng/

đồ gốm

Wares (n)

/weə (r)z/

It was once home to a factory for manufacturing

plastic ware.

242 Nét đặc biệt

Điểm đặc

trưng

Feature (n)

/ˈ fiː tʃ ə r/



In the neighbouring countries of Việt Nam

ceramic production has had a long

development history.



Ceramics of each country have their own

individual national features, yet at the same

time they also have a certain connection with

Vietnamese ceramics.

243 Phỏng

theo/Thích

ứng

Adapt (v)

/ə ˈ dæpt/

Ceramics was gradually adapted for use in fields

such as construction, spiritual beliefs, religions,

artworks, and in industry.

244 Thắt eo/thóp

lại ở eo

Waisted

 Waist (n)

eo, thắt

lưng

/weɪ st/



A waisted vase = cái bình cổ lọ



A waisted coat = cái áo khoác thắt eo



A high-waisted garment = cái quần lưng cao

245 Thiết thực

Tiện dụng

Utility (n-adj)

/juː ˈ tɪ lə ti/



Ceramic production was a major invention of

humanity in the pre-historic time.



Almost all countries in the world, one after

another, have discovered this technology

which created utility wares that initially

served to store foods and drinks.

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69

246 Bùa hộ

mạng

Amulet (n)

/ˈ æmjʊ lə t/



= a piece of jewellery that some people wear

because they think it protects them from bad

luck, illness, etc.



Ancient tombs, especially the ones with

amulets, are always full of mystery that

science can’t fully explain

247 Còn nguyên

vẹn/không bị

sứt mẻ

Intact (adj)

/ɪ nˈ tækt/

In the last days of January 1994, while clearing the

site archaeologists discovered a double grave built

with composite material containing a coffin holding

the intact body of a woman about 60 years of age,

1.52 m tall, and wrapped in many layers of cloth,

which had been soaked in a red-brown solution.

248 Dung dịch

Solution (n)

/sə ˈ luː ʃ n/

Body fluids are examples for complex liquid

solutions, containing many solutes.

249 Khai quật

Excavate (v)

/ˈ ekskə veɪ t/

The mummy was excavated in Xom Cai in HCMC's

District 5 in 1994 and buried in traditional

Vietnamese style: in a coffin with full of shroud and

goods, and soaked in red solution.

250 Ngâm/nhúng Soak (v)

BrE /sə ʊ k/

NAmE /soʊ k/

Example mentioned-above

251 Sự phân

hủy/

thối rửa

Decompositio

n

/ˌ diː kɑ ː mpə ˈ

zɪ ʃ n/

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70

252 Sự phục hồi

Sự nối lại

Renewal (n)

BrE /rɪ ˈ njuː ə l/

NAmE

/rɪ ˈ nuː ə l/

Xóm Cải was one of the locations that required

renewal and its residents were relocated in the

process of upgrading the urban environment in Hồ

Chí Minh City.

253 Tầng lớp

trên/

thượng lưu

Upper-class

/ˈ ʌ pə r/- /klæs/

The mummy of Tran Thi Hieu, who is believed to

have died in 1869 when she was around 60 years old,

was an upper-class Kinh lady.

254 Thuộc về

ngành Dược

Pharmaceutica

l

/ˌ fɑ ː mə ˈ suː t

ɪ kl/

/ˌ fɑ ː mə ˈ sjuː t

ɪ kl/

The mummy was taken to the HCMC Medical and

Pharmaceutical University’s Hospital for research

and later moved to the Vietnam History Museum for

preservation and display.

Every three months, experts from the hospital check

and maintain the mummy.

255 Vải liệm

Shroud (n/v)

/ʃ raʊ d/

The corpse was shrouded and surrounded by grave

goods, which was then soaked in red solutions.

256 Xác ướp

Mummy (n)

/ˈ mʌ mi/



an Egyptian mummy = xác ướp Ai Cập



This is the mummy of Tran Thi Hieu, who is

believed to have died in 1869 when she was

around 60 years old. She was an upper-class

Kinh lady.

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71

257 Bình

Vị

Hũ

Vase (n)

BrE /vɑ ː z/

NAmE /veɪ s/ or

/veɪ z/



Ewer (n) /ˈ juː ə r/ = bình đựng nước



Love is like an antique vase; it’s hard to find,

hard to get, but easy to break.

Tình yêu cũng giống như một chiếc bình cổ:

khó tìm, khó có được, nhưng dễ vỡ.

258 Các tác

phẩm

Writings

/ˈ raɪ tɪ ŋz/

259 Canh

gác/giữ gìn

Safeguard

(n-v)

/ˈ seɪ fɡ ɑ ː rd/

Before his death, he offered his collection of ceramic

objects and all his writings to the State in the sole

purpose to be fully able to protect them and to make

his contribution to the research and safeguarding of

national cultural heritage.

260 Công chức

Civil/public

servant

/ˈ sɪ vl/ or

/ˈ pʌ blɪ k/

/ˈ sɜ ː rvə nt/

From 1923 to 1945, Vuong Hong Sen was

acivilservant for French colonial State in Saigon,

Can Tho and Soc Trang provinces and began to

collect antiquities.

261 Định

nghĩa/chỉ rõ

ra

Define (v)

/dɪ ˈ faɪ n/

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72 262 Đồ cổ

Antique (n)

 Antique

Dealer (n)

người bn

đồ cổ

/ỉnˈ tiː k/



Born in Soc Trang in the South Vietnam,

Vuong Hong Sen was not only known as a

collector of antiquities but also a man of great

culture.



During his life, he collected more than 800

antiques from Vietnam, China, Japan,

Thailand, Cambodia.

263 Học giả

Scholar (n)

BrE /ˈ skɒ lə (r)/

NAmE

/ˈ skɑ ː lə r/

Vuong Hong Sen is a famous scholar and antique

collector in Southern Vietnam.

264 Lư hương

Incense burner

= Censer (n)

/ˈ ɪ nsens/

/ˈ bɜ ː rnə r/

= /ˈ sensə r/

A bronze incense burner from the 19th century.

265 Quản thủ

(thư viện)

Librarian (n)

BrE

/laɪ ˈ breə riə n/

NAmE

/laɪ ˈ breriə n/

From 1947 to 1964, Vuong Hong Sen worked as a

librarian in the National Museum in Saigon (the

Museum of Vietnam History in Ho Chi Minh City

nowadays).

266 Quyên góp/

hiến tặng

Donate (v)

 Donation

(n)

BrE /də ʊ ˈ neɪ t/

NAmE

/ˈ doʊ neɪ t/

An anonymous business woman donated one

million dollars to the charity.

267 Sự phối hợp Scheme (n)

/skiː m/

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73

268 Sừng/chất

sừng

Horn (n)

/hɔ ː rn/

The antiques collection includes objects of

porcelain, bronze, wood, glass, ivory, horn, tortoise

shell, etc.

269 Về hưu

Retire (v)

 Retirement

(n)

/rɪ ˈ taɪ ə r/

After his retirement, he went on collecting antiquities

and writing books.

Room 17: Minority cultures from Southern Provinces

VĂN HÓA CÁC DÂN TỘC THIỂU SỐ PHÍA NAM VIỆT NAM

270 Cao nguyên/

Vùng cao

Highland(s)

(n)

/ˈ haɪ lə nd/

Tây Nguyên, translated as Western Highlands and

sometimes also called Central Highlands, is one of

the regions of Vietnam. It includes the provinces of

Đắk Lắk, Đắk Nông, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Lâm Đồng.

271 Cồng

Gong

/ɡ ɔ ː ŋ/

The space of gong culture in the Vietnam Highlands

= Không gian văn hóa Cồng Chiêng Tây Nguyên

272 Đa sắc tộc

Multi-ethnic

(adj)

/ˌ mʌ ltiˈ ɛ θnɪ k/

/ˌ mʌ ltaɪ ˈ ɛ θn

ɪ k/



As a multi-ethnic country, Vietnam has 54

recognized ethnic groups.

273 Dân số

Population (n)

/ˌ pɑ ː pjuˈ leɪ ʃ

n/

The Vietnamese, or Kinh, make up 87 percent of

Vietnam's population.

274 Dân tộc

Race

Ethic group

/reɪ s/

/ˈ eθnɪ k/

/ɡ ruː p/

There are 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam, divided into

8 groups, according to their language system:

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74 *Mon-Khmer Group: Ba na, Brâu, Bru-Vân kiều,

Chơ-ro, Co, Cơ-ho, Cơ-tu, Cơ-tu, Gié-triêng, Hrê,

Kháng, Khmer, Khơ mú, Mạ, Mảng, M'Nông, Ơ-đu,

Rơ-măm, Tà-ôi, Xinh-mun, Xơ-đăng, Xtiêng.

*Mông-Dao Group: Dao, Mông, Pà Thẻn.

*Kađai Group: Cờ Lao, La Chí, La ha, Pu Péo.

*Austro-Polynenisian Group: Chăm, Chu-ru, Ê đê,

Gia-rai, Ra-glai.

*Chinese Group: Hoa, Ngái, Sán Dìu.

*Tibeto Group: Cống, Hà Nhì, La Hủ, Lơ Lơ, Phù

Lá, Si La.

275 Dụng cụ bẫy

cá

Fish-trap

/fɪ ʃ / /træp/

(Tại sao ko đưa hình bẫy cá?)

276 Nhà dài

Long House

(in central

highlandVietn

am)

/lɔ ː ŋ/ or /lɑ ː ŋ/

/haʊ s/

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75 277 Nhà rông

Communal

House

= the Rong

House

BrE /ˈ kɒ mjə nl/

/haʊ s/

NAmE

/kə ˈ mjuː nl/

The Rong House is the symbol of Kontum and Gia

Lai provinces in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.

It is the place where village ceremonies and festivals

take place. It also serves as a court of justice and as a

meeting place where important decisions are being

made.

278 Nhà sàn

House on stilts /stɪ lt/

The Mekong Delta province of An Giang is home to

some of the largest ethnic Cham communities in

Vietnam.

Cham people here live in stilt houses/ houses on

stilts.

279 Nông thôn

Rural (adj)

BrE /ˈ rʊ ə rə l/

NAmE /ˈ rʊ rə l/

The proportion of older people is increasing rapidly

in Vietnam. The majority of the elderly live in rural

areas.

280 Phân

bố/phân tán

Scatter (v-n)

/ˈ skætə r/

The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the

country's population and mainly inhabit the Red

River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong

delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority

groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered

over mountain areas (covering two-thirds of the

country's territory) spreading from the North to the

South.

281 Riêng biệt

Distinct (adj)

 Distinction

(n)

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76 282 Rượu cần

A fermented

rice-wine

(drunk out of a

jar through

pipes)

/fə rˈ mentid/

/raɪ s/- /waɪ n/

Can Wine (also called tube wine) is a fermented

rice wine produced in Vietnam, in particular in

mountainous areas like Tay Nguyen area.

283 Thành thị

Urban (adj)

/ˈ ɜ ː rbə n/

Urban spaces like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are

often overcrowded, and the cost of rent can be rather

high.

284 Thiểu số

Minority (n)

/maɪ ˈ nɔ ː rə ti/

285 Trang

phục/Quần

áo

Attire (n)

/ə ˈ taɪ ə r/

One distinctive feature of highland ethnic minority

groups in Vietnam is that they are in colorful attires

whether at home, on the farm, on travel or in the

town.

286 Tượng nhà

mồ

Wooden

grave-statue

/ˈ wʊ dn/

/ɡ reɪ v/-

/ˈ stætʃ uː /



Lễ bỏ mã = Leaving the Grave

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THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL

ST

T

Tiếng

Việt

Tiếng Anh

Phiên Âm Quốc Tế

Gợi Ý Cách Dùng

1 Âm-Dương

Yin-Yang

/jɪ n/-/jæŋ/

Yin = (in Chinese philosophy) the dark, not

active, female principle of the universe.

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2 Bát bửu

= Eight

objects for

worship/Eig

ht treasures

(carried in

the hands of

eight

immortals in

the Chinese

legend)

/eɪ t/ /ˈ treʒ ə (r)/

3 Bát Tiên

Eight

Immortals

/eɪ t/ /ɪ ˈ mɔ ː rtl/

The Eight Immortalsinclude seven men and one

lady.

It says that the Eight Immortals separately

represent male, female, the old, the young, the

rich, the noble, the poor, and the humble Chinese.

4 Chính

cung

Main

Hall/Chambe

r

/meɪ n/ /hɔ ː l/

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“quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the

Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall.

5 Đồ gốm

(bằng đất

nung)

Ceramic (n)

/sə ˈ ræmɪ k/

-The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai

ceramic

motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh châu” (two

dragons fighting over a pearl), created in 1908 by

two important local kilns – Bửu Nguyên and

Đồng Hòa.

(page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim

Doling)

-The temple’s roof is decorated with images of

flowers, leaves and human beings made of

ceramics from Buu Nguyen and Dong Hoa kilns

in 1908.

6 Giải cứu

Rescue (v)

/ˈ reskjuː /

She was able to rescue her brother but her

motherwas obviously worried about her state,

woke her from her trance and her father

unfortunately drowned.

7 Gian

phòng phụ

Side

Chamber (n)

/saɪ d/ /ˈ tʃ eɪ mbə r/

The building comprises 3 main chambers

separated by open-air courtyards (sân Thiên Tĩnh)

and 2 side chambers.

8 Giếng trời Light Well

/ˈ hevnli/ /wel/

Between the rows, there are spaces called “light

wells”, which help ventilate the environment and

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9 Hành lang Corridor (n)

/ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/

- The corridor links the old part of the hospital

with the newone.

- Go along the corridor, turn left, and you’ll see

his office in front of you.

10 Hoành phi

Horizontal

board

/ˌ hɒ rɪ ˈ zɒ ntl/

/bɔ ː rd/

There are now about 400 ancient objects

preserved in the Thien Hau/ Tian Hou temple,

including 6 stone statues, 9 stone bells, 10

horizontal lacquered boards engraved with

Chinese characters, 23 parallel sentences, and so

on.

11 Hội quán

Assembly

Hall (n)

/ə ˈ sembli/ /hɔ ː l/



Tue Thanh Assembly Hall = Tuệ Thành

Hội Quán



Quang Trieu Assembly Hall = Quảng Triệu

Hội Quán

12 Khung cửi

(dệt vải)

Weaving

Loom

/ˈ wiː vɪ ŋ/ /luː m/

According to the legend, she dreamed of her

father and brothers while she was sleeping or

sitting at a loom weaving.

13 Kiệu (có

mái che và

có người

khiêng)

Sedan chair

= palankeen

(n)

= palanquin

(n)

/sɪ ˈ dæn/ /tʃ eə (r)/

/,pælə n'ki:n/

The 14th is the Thien Hau welcoming ceremony,

which observes traditional rituals. A Thien Hau’s

palanquin is carried throughout the streets, with

unicorn dances, lion dances, and many flags

14 Kim Hoa

Nương

Goddess of

Fertility

/ˈ ɡ ɑ ː də s//ə v/

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(Bà Chúa

Thai Sanh)

(who prays

for Childless

women)

The middle case is reserved for Thien Hau –

Goddess of the Sea. Left case is reserved for Long

Mau – Goddess of Mothers and Newborns. And

the right case is reserved for Kim Hue – Goddess

of Fertility who prays for Childless women.

15 Lễ hội

Festival (n)

/ˈ festɪ vl/

The festival of worshipping Thien Hau on the

23rd day of the 3rd month of Lunar year is one of

the most popular annual festivities of Chinese

people in Vietnam.

16 Liễn đối

Parallel

sentence

/ˈ pærə lel//ˈ sentə ns/

There are now about 400 ancient objects

preserved in the Thien Hau temple, including 6

stone statues, 9 stone bells, 10 horizontal

lacquered boards engraved with Chinese

characters, 23 parallel sentences, and so on.

17 Lò nung

(gốm)

Kiln (n)

/kɪ ln/

-The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai

ceramic motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh châu”

(two dragons fighting over a pearl), created in

1908 by two important local kilns – Bửu Ngun

and Đồng Hịa.

(page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim

Doling)

-The temple’s roof is decorated with images of

flowers, leaves and human beings made of

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18 Lỗ bộ

A set of

ancient

weapons = A

set of eight

bronze-tipped

weapons

/ˈ eɪ nʃ ə nt//ˈ wepə n

/

19 Lồng đèn

Lantern (n)

/ˈ læntə rn/

Lanterns and wooden models of Chinese theaters

hang over the entrance.

20 Long Mẫu

Nương

Goddess of

Mothers and

Newborns

/ˈ ɡ ɑ ː də s/ /ə v/

/ˈ mʌ ðə r/

We’re in main chamber of Thien Hau Temple

now.

The middle case reserved for Thien Hau –

Goddess of the Sea. Left case reserved for Long

Mau – Goddess of Mothers and Newborns. And

the right case reserved for Kim Hue – Goddess of

Fertility who prays for Childless women.

21 Lưỡng

long tranh

châu

Two

dragons

fighting over

a pearl

/ˈ dræɡ ə n/

/pɜ ː rl/

-The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai

ceramic motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh

châu” (two dragons fighting over a pearl),

created in 1908 by two important local kilns –

Bửu Nguyên and Đồng Hịa.

(page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim

Doling)

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ceramics from Buu Nguyen and Dong Hoa kilns

in 1908.

22 Mang thai Fertility (n)

/fə rˈ tɪ lə ti/

Along Nguyen TraiStreet, at Thien Hau Temple

local women come in numbers to make offerings to

Me Sanh, Goddess of Fertility, and to Long Mau,

Goddess of Mothers an Newborn Babies. When

Cantonese immigrants established the Temple

toward the middle of the nineteenth century, they

named it after Thien Hau, Goddess of Seafarers.

New arrivals from China would have hastened here

to express their gratitude for a safe passage across

the South China Sea. Three statues of hers stand on

the altar, one behind the other, while an

eye-catching mural on the inside of the front wall

depicts her guiding wildly pitching ships across a

storm-tossed sea. The temple’s most attractive

aspect is its roof, bristling with so many gigurinrs

you wonder how those at edge can keep their

balance.

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23 Môn Quan

Vương Tả

(Thần

Cửa)

The Door

God

The Entrance

Guard

/dɔ ː (r)//ɡ ɑ ː d/

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24 Nến/đèn

cầy

Candle (n)

/ˈ kændl/

- The room was lit by candles.

- Idioms: “burn the candle at both ends” = to

become very tired by trying to do too many things

and going to bed late and getting up early.

25 Ngũ Hành

Five Basic

Elements

/faɪ v/

/ˈ beɪ sɪ k//ˈ elɪ mə nt

s/

According to Eastern philosophy, five basic

elements include Metal & Wood & Water &Fire

&Earth (Kim, Mộc, Thủy, Hỏa, Thổ).

26 Người bảo

hộ/bảo vệ

Guardian (n) /ˈ ɡ ɑ ː rdiə n/

Outside the temple two guardian lions protect the

entrance: the male lion has his foot on a ball, the

female lion has her paw on a cub.

27 Người

đóng

góp/Nhà

tài trợ

Donor (n)

Donate (v) =

quyên góp

Donation (n)

BrE /ˈ də ʊ nə (r)/

NAmE /ˈ doʊ nə r/

BrE /də ʊ ˈ neɪ t/

NAmE /ˈ doʊ neɪ t/

- The company has donated more than $ 30,000

to local charities.

- Names of donors are written on red papers.

28

29 Người Hải

Nam

Đảo Hải

Nam

Hainan (n)

/hʌ ɪ ˈ nan/

Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province

of the People's Republic of China. The name

"Hainan" also refers to Hainan Island - the main

island of the province.

30 Người/

tiếng Hẹ

(người

Khách

Gia)

Hakka (n)

/ˈ hækə /

Hakka is one of the major groups of varieties of

Chinese, spoken natively by the Hakka people in

southern China, Taiwan, HongKong and

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31 Người

Quảng

Đơng

Cantonese

(n)

= Guangzhou

/ˌ kỉntə ˈ niː z/

/ɡ waŋˈ dʒ ə ʊ /

The building was first used as a place to hold

community meetings among the Cantonese and

called Tue Thanh Assembly Hall.

32 Người

Triều

Châu

Teochew (n) /ˌ tiː ə ʊ ˈ tʃ juː /

Teochew settled in southwest area like Bac Lieu

Province. The name Bac Lieu means “poor

village” in Teochew pronunciation.

“Bạc Liêu là xứ cơ cầu,

dưới sông cá chốt trên bờ Triều Châu”

33 Người/Tỉn

h Phúc

Kiến

Fujian (n)

(also Fukien)

/ˌ fuː dʒ ɪ ˈ an/

/fuː ˈ kjɛ n/

Fujian is an attractive coastal province of China

with a long seafaring history.

34 Nguyệt

Lão

(Yue Lao)

God of

Marriage and

Love (in

Chinese

mythology)

=

Matchmaker

Deity (n)

/ˈ mætʃ meɪ kə r/

- Matchmaker Deity helps single people to find

their suitable partners.

- Outside the right chamber in the corner there is a

small shrine for God of Marriage and Love.

- The old man under the moon, commonly known

as Yue Lao, is a Chinese deity in charge of

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35 Nhang

vòng

Conical

incense coils

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36 Phúc Đức

Chính

Thần (Thổ

Địa Công)

God of

Moral and

Happiness

(The God of

Earth)

/ɜ ː rθ/ /ɡ ɑ ː d/

Nói về Phúc Đức Chính Thần (PĐCT):

- Trong Sài Gịn Năm Xưa (Vương Hồng Sển) và

Chuyện Xưa Tích Cũ (Sơn Nam): PĐCT chính là

thái giám Trịnh Hịa thời nhà Minh, cưỡi thuyền

buồm dạo khắp các nước miền Đông Nam Á ban

bố văn hóa Trung Hoa.Trịnh Hịa là nhà thám

hiểm, du lịch, khảo cứu địa dư, ngoại giao, ngơn

ngữ học tài tình. Đi đến đâu, ơng thi nhân bố đức,

và đưa người Tàu đến lập nghiệp đến đó. Sau này

ơng mất, dân ngoại kiều cảm đức sâu, thờ làm

phúc thần, được vua sắc phong "Tam Bửu Công",

hay "Bổn Đầu Công" gọi tắt là "Ông Bổn".

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- Trong Gia Định tràng Phật Tích cổ (Lý Văn

Hùng): cho rằng ông Bổn chính là Châu Đạt

Quan, một viên quan của triều đình Trung Quốc

đời nhà Ngun. Ơng đã đi đến nhiều nước ở

Đơng Nam Á, trong đó có vùng đất Nam Bộ và

Chân Lạp. Từ miền Chân Lạp trở về, Châu Đạt

Quan viết quyển Chân Lạp Phong Thổ Ký.

37 Phức

tạp/Tinh

xảo

Sophisticatio

n (n)

Sophisticated

(adj)

/sə ,fisti'keiʃ n/

/sə 'fistikeitid/

The parallel sentences were made skillfully, with

sophisticated designs.

38 Sân thiên

tĩnh

Open-air

courtyard

/ˈ oʊ pə n/-/eə (r)/

/ˈ kɔ ː rtjɑ ː rd/



an open-air swimming pool = hồ bơi ngoài

trời.



The open-air area used for receiving

sunlight and exhausting smoke.

39 Tây Du

Ký

A Journey to

the West

/ˈ dʒ ɜ ː rni/ /tə / /ðə /

/west/

Journey to the West is a Chinese novel published

in the 16th century during the Ming dynasty.

40 Thần Tài

God of

Wealth

/ɡ ɑ ː d/ /ə v/ /welθ/

God of Wealth is the Chinese god of prosperity

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41 Thiên Hậu

Thánh

Mẫu

Goddess of

the Sea

(Mazu)

/ˈ ɡ ɒ də s//ə v//ðə /

/siː /

-The Assembly Hall is popular known as Bà

(Lady) or Thien Hau Temple, because it is

dedicated to Thien Hau Thanh Mau (Mazu –

goddess of the Sea), who is worshipped by the

seafaring Chinese communities of Guangdong,

Fujian and Taiwan.

(from “Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City” – Tim

Doling)

-It is said that Thien Hau can travel over the

oceans on a mat and ride the clouds to wherever

she pleases. Her mobility allows her to save

people in trouble on the high seas.

42 Thiết bị

chữa cháy

Fire

extinguishing

equipment/

fire

extinguisher

/ˈ faɪ ə (r)/

/ɪ kˈ stɪ ŋɡ wɪ ʃ ɪ ŋ/

/ɪ ˈ kwɪ pmə nt/

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43 Thờ cúng

Worship (v)/

(n)

/ˈ wɜ ː rʃ ɪ p/



ancestor worship (n) = thờ ông bà/tổ tiên



hero worship (n) = thờ anh hùng có cơng



whale worship (n) = thờ cá Ông

44 Thủy thủ/

Ngư dân

đi biển

Seafaring

people (n)

= Fisherman

(n)

(pl.

fishermen)

người đánh

bắt cá, xem

đó như là 1

nghề kiếm

sống.

= Angler (n)

người câu

cá/bắt cá vì

mục đích tiêu

khiển.

/ˈ siː feə rɪ ŋ/

/ˈ fɪ ʃ ə mə n/

/ˈ æŋɡ lə (r)/

-The Assembly Hall is popular known as Bà

(Lady) or Thien Hau Temple, because it is

dedicated to Thien Hau Thanh Mau (Mazu –

goddess of the Sea), who is worshipped by the

seafaring Chinese communities of Guangdong,

Fujian and Taiwan.

(from “Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City” – Tim

Doling)

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45 Thuyền

quá

hải/Thuyề

n bà Thiên

Hậu cứu

vớt trên

biển.

(thuyền

rồng chạm

hình nhân,

rước theo

cùng với

kiệu Bà

vào ngày

Vía Bà

Thiên

Hậu)

Miniature

Chinese Boat

/ˈ mɪ nə tʃ ə (r)/

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ /boʊ t/

46 Tiền điện

Front

Hall/Chambe

r

/frʌ nt//hɔ ː l/

The temple is built in form of "Nội công ngoại

quốc" (internal shape looks like Chinese character

“cong” 工, and external shape looks like character

“quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the

Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall.

47 Trung điện

Middle

Hall/Chambe

r

/ˈ mɪ dl/ /hɔ ː l/

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“quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the

Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall.

48 Trùng tu

= Tu bổ

= Tôn tạo

Restore (v)

Reconstruct

(v)

Renovate (v)

/rɪ ˈ stɔ ː r/

/ˌ riː kə nˈ strʌ kt/

/ˈ renə veɪ t/

Built by the Cantonese Congregation in 1760 and

renovated many times, Thien Hau Temple is one

of the oldest structures in Cholon.

49 Tụ hội

Congregate

(v)(to come

together in a

group)

Congregation

(n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋɡ rɪ ɡ eɪ t/

NAmE

/ˈ kɑ ː ŋɡ rɪ ɡ eɪ t/

-This temple was built by the Cantonese

Congregation – the Chinese community who left

home from Tue Thanh District-China to

immigrate to the South of Vietnam.

50 Tử

vi/chiêm

tinh học

Astrology (n) /ə ˈ strɑ ː lə dʒ i/

- Lunar New Year is a time when Vietnamese

people go to temples and pagodas to pray for

happiness and good fortune and also turn to

astrology to predict their future.

-Books on astrology and horoscopes sell in

abundance in front of temples and pagodas

everywhere in the country.

51 Vàng mã

Votive

papers

/ˈ voʊ tɪ v/ /ˈ peɪ pə r/

A furnace for burning votive papers

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94 INDEPENDENCE PALACE

STT

TIẾNG

VIỆT

TIẾNG ANH

PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ

GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG

1 Ám sát

Assassinate (v)

 Assassination

(n) cuộc mưu

sát

 Assassinator

(n) kẻ ám sát

BrE /ə ˈ sæsɪ neɪ t/

NAmE /ə ˈ sæsə neɪ t/



President Ngơ Đình Diệm and his

brother Ngơ Đình Nhu were

assassinated in a coup d’état on

2nd November 1963.



the assassination of John F.

Kennedy

2 Bàn giao

Hand over

(phrasal verb)

BrE /ˈ hændə ʊ və (r)/

NAmE /ˈ hændoʊ və r/



hand over (to somebody) = to

give somebody else your position

of power or the responsibility for

something

Ex: On September 7th 1954, the

Norodom Palace was handed over to

South Vietnamese Prime Minister Ngơ

Đình Diệm.



hand something over to somebody

Ex: They handed the weapons over to the

police.

3 Cuộc đảo

chính

Coup d’état (n)

(pl. coups d’état)

= Coup (n)

/ˌ kuː deɪ ˈ tɑ ː /

He left Paris after the coup d’état of

1851 and spent nine years in England.

4 Đài phun

nước

Fountain (n)

BrE /ˈ faʊ ntə n/

In front of the Palace is the green grass

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95 NAmE /ˈ faʊ ntn/

the beauty to the building and creates a

fresh feeling for visitors when they walk

into main gate.

5 Đánh bại

Defeat (v)

 Defeatism (n)

tư tưởng chủ

bại

/dɪ ˈ fiː t/

/dɪ ˈ fiː tɪ zə m/



Question 6 defeated us.



The French were defeated at Điện

Biên Phủ Battle in 1954 and

signed the Geneve Agreement.

6 Đầu hàng

Surrender (v)

/sə ˈ rendə r/

At 10:45 a.m on 30th April 1975, two

tanks No. 843 and No. 390 of North

Vietnamese Army smashed the main

entrance and the last president Dương

Văn Minh surrendered.

7 Dinh thự

Palace (n)

/'pælə s/



the royal/presidential palace.



The Independence Palace is

located at 135 Nam Ky Khoi

Nghia Street, District 1, Hồ Chí

Minh City.

8 Độc lập

Independence (n) /ˌ ɪ ndɪ ˈ pendə ns/

Independence Palace is a fantastic place

to

organize

VIP

meetings,

or

conferences.

9 Độc tài

Dictatorial (adj)

 Dictator (n) kẻ

độc tài

 Dictation (n)

sự ra lệnh/bài

chính tả

/ˌ dɪ ktə ˈ tɔ ː riə l/

/ˈ dɪ kteɪ tə r/

/dɪ kˈ teɪ ʃ n/



Ngơ Đình Diệm established a

dictatorial regime, by moving

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96 

My father was a dictator and the

whole family was afraid of him.

We had some very difficult words

in our dictation.

10 Đông Dương

Indochina (n)

Indochina, which has been referred to in

the past as French Indochina, is a region

of Southeast Asia made up of Vietnam,

Laos and Cambodia.

11 Hình bầu

dục/ơ-van

Oval (n-adj)

BrE /ˈ ə ʊ vl/

NAmE /ˈ oʊ vl/



an oval face



an oval green grass



the Oval Office = the office of the

US President in the White House

12 Khước

từ/phớt lờ

Ignore (v)

/ɪ ɡ ˈ nɔ ː r/



Ngơ Đình Diệm established a

dictatorial regime, moved people

into

strategic

hamlets

and

ignoring the disagreement of

Saigon people.



My father was a dictator and the

whole family was afraid of him.



We had some very difficult words

in our dictation.

13 Phi công

Pilot (n)

/ˈ paɪ lə t/

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97 14 Phong thủy

Feng-Shui

/ˌ feŋ ˈ ʃ uː i/

/ˌ fʊ ŋ ˈ ʃ weɪ /

According to geomancy (fengshui), this

palace is located on a Dragon’s head;

therefore it is also referred to as

Dragon’s Head Palace.

15 Phương Đông the Orient (n)

BrE /ˈ ɔ ː riə nt/

NAmE /ˈ ɔ ː riə nt/

It combines modern architecture and

traditional oriental features that reflect

the country’s prosperity and goodness.

16 Phương Tây

the Occident (n)

BrE /ˈ ɒ ksɪ də nt/

NAmE /ˈ ɑ ː ksɪ də nt/

The western parts of the world,

especially Europe and America, are also

known as the Occident

17 Sự cai trị

Chế độ cai trị

Regime (n)

/reɪ ˈ ʒ iː m/



Ngơ Đình Diệm established a

dictatorial regime, by moving

people into strategic hamlets,

ignoring the disagreement of

Saigon people.



My father was a dictator and the

whole family was afraid of him.



We had some very difficult words

in our dictation.

18 Tạm thời

Temporary (adj)

 Temporarily

(adv)

BrE /ˈ temprə ri/

NAmE /ˈ tempə reri/

- I'm looking for some temporary work.

- I’m afraid using volunteers can only be

a temporary solution to the problem.

19 Tầng hầm

Basement (n)

/ˈ beɪ smə nt/

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98 20 Tầng lửng

Mezzanine (n)

/ˈ mezə niː n/

/ˈ metsə niː n/

The building covers 12 hectares and

includes 4 main floors, 2 mezzanines,

ground floor, and a basement which the

total usable area of 20.000 m

.

21 Tầng trệt

Ground Floor (n)

/ɡ raʊ nd/ /flɔ ː r/

/ˌ daʊ nˈ sterz/

The building covers 12 hectares and

includes 4 main floors, 2 mezzanines,

ground floor, and a basement which the

total usable area of 20.000 m

.

22 Thống nhất

Reunification (n)

/ˌ riː ˌ juː nɪ fɪ ˈ keɪ ʃ n/

After the successful conference on

national reunification in 1975, the

building was renamed Reunification

Hall. Until recently, it has resumed its

original name: Independence Palace.

23 Tổng thống

(nước)

Chủ tịch

(đoàn thể)

Hiệu trưởng

(trường)

President (n)

Presidential (adj)

/ˈ prezɪ də nt/

/ˌ prezɪ ˈ denʃ l/



the bank president.



President Obama is due to visit

the country next month.

24 Trụ sở

Headquarters (n)

(abbreviation

HQ)

BrE /ˌ hedˈ kwɔ ː tə z/

NamE /ˈ hedkwɔ ː rtə rz/



Several companies have their

headquarters in the area.

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99 Japanese Government for

Indochina.

25 Từ chức

Resign (v)

 Resignation

(n)

/rɪ ˈ zaɪ n/

- On 21st April 1975, the President

Nguyen Van Thieu resigned and the

Vice-President Tran Van Huong

became the President.

- On 28th April 1975, the Pre. Tran Van

Huong resigned and the General Duong

Van Minh took the power.

TẦNG 1 - 1st Floor

-Conference Hall (Phòng Khánh Tiết)

-Banquet Room (Phòng Đại Yến)

-Cabinet Meeting Room (Phòng họp Nội Các)

26 Cân

nhắc/thảo

luận kỹ

Deliberate (v)

 Deliberation

(n)

 Deliberately

(adv)

/dɪ ˈ lɪ bə reɪ t/

/dɪ ˌ lɪ bə ˈ reɪ ʃ n/

/dɪ ˈ lɪ bə rə tli/



deliberate (on) whether, what,

etc…

Ex: They deliberated (on) whether

to continue with the talks.



She signed her name with great

deliberation.

27 

Chức

năng



Quỹ (từ

thiện)

Function (n)

/ˈ fʌ ŋkʃ n/



The function of the heart is to

pump blood through the body.



He and his wife were guests of

honour at a function held by the

society last weekend.

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100 receptions, conferences or private

functions.

28 Cố vấn

Consultant (n)

 Consultancy

(n) = văn

phòng tư vấn

 Consult (v) =

hỏi ý kiến/bàn

bạc

/kə nˈ sʌ ltə nt/

/kə nˈ sʌ ltə nsi/

/kə nˈ sʌ lt/



consult somebody

Ex: If the pain continues, consult

your doctor.



consult

somebody

about

something

Ex: Have you consulted your

lawyer about this?

29 Hội đồng

Council (n)

 British Coucil

= Hội đồng

Anh

/ˈ kaʊ nsl/



In

November

1975,

the

Consultative

Council

for

National Reunification used this

room for its deliberations.

30 Hội nghị

Conference (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ nfə rə ns/

NAmE /ˈ kɑ ː nfə rə ns/



The hotel is used for exhibitions,

conferences and social events.



a conference room/centre/hall



The Conference Hall is one of the

large reception rooms on the 1st

floor.

31 Khai

trương/ra mắt

Inauguration (n)

/ɪ ˌ nɔ ː ɡ jə ˈ reɪ ʃ n/

One of the most important events was

the inauguration dinner of President

Nguyen Van Thieu and his Vice

President Nguyen Cao Ky on 31 October

1967.

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101  Sea-green (n)

xanh lá cây

biển

 Dark-green (n)

xanh lá cây

đậm



A green hand = thợ mới vào nghề



The new trainees are still very

green.



Idioms: the grass is (always)

greener on the other side (of the

fence) = đừng núi này trông núi

nọ.



Idioms: green with envy = very

jealous



The Cabinet Meeting Room was

decorated by the dark-green.

Thanks to this color, the stress

could be decreased.

33 Nội các,

chính phủ

Tủ có ngăn

kéo

Giá đựng đồ

Cabinet (n)

/ˈ kæbɪ nə t/



kitchen cabinets = kệ bếp



a medicine cabinet = tủ thuốc



a cabinet meeting = cuộc họp Nội

Các



The last President Dương Văn

Minh surrendered from the

Cabinet Meeting Room, on 30th

April 1975.

34 Phong cảnh

Landscape (n)

/ˈ lændskeɪ p/

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102

35 Thanh

bình/hịa bình

Peaceful (adj)

 Peace (n)

/ˈ piː sfl/

The oil painting in 7 sections hanging on

the wall of the Banquet Room is

“Beautiful country and Peaceful

landscapes” painted in 1966 by Ngô Viết

Thụ, architect of Independence Palace.

36 Tổ tiên

Ancestor (n)

/ˈ ænsestə r/

There is a water-colour on paper painting

by Trong Noi “Legendary ancestor of

Vietnam” in 1966.

37 Treo/Mắc

Hang (v)

/hỉŋ/

*Hang on = Giữ chặt nhé/Khoan tí đã!

*Hang up = Cúp máy

Ex: After I hung up I remembered what

I'd wanted to say.

38 Tuyên bố

Declare (v)

BrE /dɪ ˈ kleə (r)/

NAmE /dɪ ˈ kler/



declare something…

Ex: The government has declared

a state of emergency.

Ex: Germany declared war on

France on 1 August 1914.



Do you have anything to declare?



At 19:30 on 21 April 1975,

President Nguyen Van Thieu

declared his resignation speech in

the Conference Hall.



declare

against

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103 = (formal) to say publicly that you do

not support somebody/something

39 Từ chức

(trùng với 25)

Resign (v)

/rɪ ˈ zaɪ n/

At 19:30 on 21 April 1975, President

Nguyen Van Thieu delivered his

resignation speech in The Conference

Room.

40 Yến tiệc

Đại yến

Banquet (n)

/ˈ bæŋkwɪ t/



I attended a banquet last night.



He was suddenly taken ill at a

banquet given in his honour.

TẦNG 2 - 2nd floor

-Map Room (Phòng Bản Đồ)

-Presidential Office (Phòng làm việc của Tổng thống VNCH)

-Presidental Reception Rooms (Phòng tiếp khách của Tổng thống)

+The President’s international reception room (Phòng tiếp khách nước ngoài)

+The President’s national reception room (Phòng tiếp khách trong nước)

-Vice-President’s Reception Room (Phòng tiếp khách của Phó Tổng thống)

-Credentials Presenting Room/Ambassadors Chamber (Phịng Trình Quốc Thư)

-Bed Room and Dining room (Phịng ngủ và Phịng ăn)

-Living quarter

41 Áo chồng

Robe (n)

BrE /rə ʊ b/

NAmE /roʊ b/

•There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai

Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the

Vice-President’s Reception Room.

They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of

Literature and a famous historical

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104 Tong presenting his robe to a

mendicant.

42 Cây

thông/tùng

Pine (n)

/paɪ n/



Pine for (v) = mòn mỏi, héo hon

Ex: She pined for months after

he'd gone.



Pine away (v) = đau ốm, tiều tụy

(và chết vì buồn bã)

Ex: After his wife died, he just

pined away.

Pine trees are evergreens with long,

needle-shaped leaves.

43 Chạm/khắc

Carve (v)

/kɑ ː rv/



The statue was carved out of a

single piece of stone.



Idioms: carved/set in stone (of a

decision, plan, etc.) = unable to be

changed

Ex: People should remember that

our proposals aren't set/ carved in

stone.

44 Chân đèn

Đế nến

Sconce (n)

/skɔ ns/



Along the wall, there are 8 golden

sconces which were lit during

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105

45 Chim hồng

hạc

Flamingo (n)

(pl. flamingoes,

flamingos)

/flə ˈ mɪ ŋɡ oʊ /

Flamingo is a large pink bird with long

thin legs and a long neck, that lives near

water in warm countries.

46 Đại sứ quán

Ambassy (n)

 Ambassador

(n) đại sứ

/ˈ embə si/

/æmˈ bæsə də r/



the US Ambassador in/to

Vietnam.



Ambassador extraordinary and

plenipotentiary = Đại sứ đặc

mệnh toàn quyền



Before 1975, many countries had

embassies in Saigon. Newly

arrived ambassadors presented

their credentials to the President

in this room.

47 Đoàn đại

biểu/phái

đoàn

Delegation (n)

 Delegate (v) =

ủy quyền

 Delegate (n) =

đại biểu

/ˌ delɪ ˈ ɡ eɪ ʃ n/

/ˈ delɪ ɡ eɪ t/



There are two communicating

rooms here: for foreign and local

delegations.



the Dutch delegation to the

United Nations.

48 Hải ngoại

Overseas

(adj-adv)

BrE /ˌ ə ʊ və ˈ siː z/

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106 was born in Son Tay in 1930. He had

French and US military training and

served as Commander of the Southern

Republic’s airforce and President of

the Central Executive Committee, then

as Prime Minister. He spent his final

years living overseas. He died in

Malaysia in 2011.

49 Hành khất

Mendicant (n)

/ˈ mendɪ kə nt/

•There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai

Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the

Vice-President’s Reception Room.

They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of

Literature and a famous historical

scene: the 13th century King Tran Nhan

Tong presenting his robe to a

mendicant.

50 Hoa văn

Motif (n)

BrE /mə ʊ ˈ tiː f/

NAmE /moʊ ˈ tiː f/



The President’s chair has been

carved with dragon’s head motifs.

51 Hòn non bộ

Rockery (n)

(pl. rockeries)

/ˈ rɑ ː kə ri/

Thanks to the rockery, we feel like

standing on the ground, not on the 2

floor.

52 Không quân

Air-force

/eə (r)/-/fɔ ː rs/

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107 Republic’s airforce and President of

the Central Executive Committee, then

as Prime Minister. He spent his final

years living overseas. He died in

Malaysia in 2011.

53 Ngà (voi)

Răng nanh

(lợn lòi)

Tusk (n)

/tʌ sk/

•Behind the foreign delegation’s chair ,

there is a pair of elephant’s tusks.

54 Nghệ thuật

cây cảnh

Bonsai (n)

BrE /ˈ bɒ nsaɪ / NAmE

/ˈ bɑ ː nsaɪ /

55 Nghi lễ

Ceremony (n)

(pl. ceremonies)

BrE /ˈ serə mə ni/ NAmE

/ˈ serə moʊ ni/



an awards/opening ceremony



a wedding/marriage ceremony



Idioms: stand on ceremony (=to

behave formally)

EX: Please don't stand on

ceremony (=Please be natural and

relaxed) with me.

56 Nhà nguyện

Chapel (n)

/ˈ tʃ æpl/



They were married in a wedding

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108

57 Phượng

hoàng

Phoenix (n)

/ˈ fiː nɪ ks/



to rise like a phoenix from the

ashes (= to be powerful or

successful again) = Tái sinh từ

đống tro tàn.



The other chairs are carved with a

phoenix

head or characters symbolizing

“longevity”.

58 Quốc thư

Ủy nhiệm thư

Credentials (n)

/krə ˈ denʃ l/



the US Ambassador in/to

Vietnam.



Ambassador extraordinary and

plenipotentiary = Đại sứ đặc

mệnh toàn quyền



Before 1975, many countries had

embassies in Saigon. Newly

arrived ambassadors presented

their credentials to the President

in this room.

59 Sự tuyên

bố/tuyên cáo

Proclamation (n)

 Proclaim

(v)

/ˌ prɑ ː klə ˈ meɪ ʃ n/

/prə ˈ kleɪ m/



The big lacquer painting in 40

small panels “Great

Proclamation” (Bình Ngơ Đại

Cáo) describes a famous scene

from the reign of King Lê Lợi.

60 Thủ tướng

Prime Minister

(abbreviation

PM)

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109 French and US military training and

served as Commander of the Southern

Republic’s airforce and President of

the Central Executive Committee, then

as Prime Minister. He spent his final

years living overseas. He died in

Malaysia in 2011.

61 Trang thiết bị

nội thất

Furnish (v)

Furnishing (n):

trang bị đồ đạc

/ˈ fɜ ː rnɪ ʃ /



The furnishings and pictures in

the room are in Japanese-style

lacquer work, created by the artist

Nguyen Van Minh.



The room was furnished with

antiques.

62 Tranh sơn

dầu

Vải

bạt/lều/buồm

(Oil) canvas

/ˈ kænvə s/



Behind the desk of the President of

Republic of Vietnam, there is an

oil on canvas “Tri Thuy Bridge”,

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110

63 Tranh sơn

mài

Lacquer painting /ˈ lỉkə r/ /ˈ peɪ ntɪ ŋ/

•There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai

Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the

Vice-President’s Reception Room.

They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of

Literature and a famous historical

scene: the 13th century King Tran Nhan

Tong presenting his robe to a

mendicant.

64 Trường thọ

Longevity (n)

BrE /lɒ nˈ dʒ evə ti/

NAmE /lɔ ː nˈ dʒ evə ti/

We wish you both health and longevity.

65 Việc thêu

thùa

Embroidery (n)

 Embroider (v)

= Broider (v) =

Thêu (khăn)

/ɪ mˈ brɔ ɪ də ri/

/ɪ mˈ brɔ ɪ də r/

There is a silkembroidery of pines and

flamingoes, on velvet, 1971 in the

Presidential Office. This is a gift from

General Mun-Hien-The of South Korea.

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111 TẦNG 3 - 3rd floor

-Library (Thư viện)

-The First Lady’s Banquet Room (Phòng chiêu đãi tiệc của Phu nhân Tổng thống)

-Movie theatre (Phòng chiếu phim)

-Game Room/Gambling Room (Phòng giải trí)

-Helicopter landing port (Heliport)

-Corridor

66 Bàn tròn

Round table

/raʊ nd/ /ˈ teɪ bl/

The round table in the middle of the

room was used for gambling style of

European.

67 Bàn vuông

Square table

/skwer/ /ˈ teɪ bl/

The square table in the corner was

used for gambling style of Chinese.

68 Cờ bạc/đánh

bài

Gambling (n)

=Playing cards

/ˈ ɡ æmblɪ ŋ/

The President and his staff enjoyed

playing cards/ gambling (đánh bài) in

this room, and drinking at the bar.

69 Đánh dấu/ghi

dấu

Mark (v)

/mɑ ː rk/

The two circles painted on the helipad

mark the spot where a bomb-load was

dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyễn

Thành Trung on 8 April, 1975.

70 Đèn cong

Curved lamp

/kɜ ː rvd/ /læmp/

The First Lady’s Banquet Room is

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112 chandeliers to give a feeling of feminine

tenderness.

71 Đèn treo

nhiều ngọn

Chandelier

BrE /ˌ ʃ ændə ˈ lɪ ə (r)/

NAmE /ˌ ʃ ændə ˈ lɪ r/

72 E lệ

Shy (adj)

 Shyness (n)

Tính nhút nhát

/ʃ aɪ /

“As an acquaintance, Vuong came out

to greet him,

While the sisters, shy, hid behind the

flowers.”

“Chàng Vương quen mặt ra chào,

Hai Kiều e lệ nép vào dưới hoa.”



Don't be shy—come and say

hello.



She was too shy to ask anyone for

help.

73 Hành lang

Corridor (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ rɪ dɔ ː (r)/

NAmE /ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/

There is an oil painting by Lê Chánh

“The two Kiều sisters” in thecorridor.

74 Hình học

Geometry (n)

/dʒ iˈ ɑ ː mə tri/



In the First Lady’s Banquet

Room, there is a picture of solid

geometry (hình học khơng gian)

that looks like European style.

75 Kệ sách

Bookshelf (n)

(pl. bookshelves)

/ˈ bʊ kʃ elf/

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113 76 Kinh tế

Economic (adj)

Economy (n)

 Economist (n)

= nhà kinh tế

học

/ˌ iː kə ˈ nɑ ː mɪ k/

/ˌ ekə ˈ nɑ ː mɪ k/

/ɪ ˈ kɑ ː nə mɪ st/



Economic Books = Sách kinh tế



Economy Class = Vé hạng phổ

thông



Tourism clearly dominates the

local economy.



Economic recession = Suy thoái

kinh tế

Ex: The economy is in recession.

77 Lập

thể/Không

gian ba chiều

Solid (adj)

BrE /ˈ sɒ lɪ d/

NAmE /ˈ sɑ ː lɪ d/



In the First Lady’s Banquet

Room, there is a picture of solid

geometry (hình học khơng gian)

that looks like European style.

78 Lưu trữ

Store (v)

/stɔ ː r/



Animals store up food for the

winter.



You can store coffee beans in the

freezer to keep them fresh.



Thousands of pieces of data are

stored in a computer's memory.

79 Mạt chược

Mah-jong

=Chinese

Dominoes

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114

80 Mềm mại/dịu

dàng

Tenderness (n)

/ˈ tendə rnə s/

The First Lady’s Banquet Room is

decorated with curving lamps and

chandeliers to give a feeling of feminine

tenderness.

81 Mục tiêu

Target (n)

/ˈ tɑ ː rɡ ɪ t/

*They bombed military and civilian

targets.

*He's become the target of a lot of

criticism recently.

82 Mỹ thuật

Fine art (n)

/faɪ n/ /ɑ ː rt/



The Vietnam Fine Arts Museum

= Bảo Tàng Mỹ Thuật Việt Nam

83 Nữ tính

Feminine (adj)

/ˈ femə nɪ n/

The First Lady’s Banquet Room is

decorated with curving lamps and

chandeliers to give a feeling of

feminine tenderness.

84 Phát đạt/tài

lộc/thịnh

vượng

Prosperity (n)

BrE /prɒ ˈ sperə ti/ NAmE

/prɑ ː ˈ sperə ti/



On the wall, near the round table,

there are three statues

symbolizing for “Happiness –

Prosperity – Longevity”

(Phúc-Lộc-Thọ) as Asian forms of

decoration.



The country is enjoying a period

of peace and prosperity.

85 Quân sự

Military (n)

BrE /ˈ mɪ lə tri/

NAmE /ˈ mɪ lə teri/



MilitaryBooks = Sách quân sự

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115 

Demilitarized Zone = Vùng phi

quân sự (DMZ)



Be called up for military service

= được gọi đi nghĩa vụ quân sự.

86 Sân đậu trực

thăng

Heliport (n)

= Helipad (n)

/ˈ helipɔ ː rt/

The helicopter landing port (Heliport)

here marked the boombing target in

1975.

87 Song ngữ

Bilingual (n-adj)

/ˌ baɪ ˈ lɪ ŋɡ wə l/



A bilingual documents/books =

Tài liệu/sách song ngữ

88 Sự cách âm

Noise-absorbing

= Soundproofing

(n)

/nɔ ɪ z/-/ə bˈ zɔ ː rbɪ ŋ/

/ˈ saʊ ndpruː fɪ ŋ/

Soundproof a room in your house so

that you can set up your home theater

system without disturbing the

neighbors.

89 Thả (bom)

Drop (v)

BrE /drɒ p/

NAmE /drɑ ː p/

The two circles painted on the helipad

mark the spot where a bomb-load was

dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyen

Thanh Trung on 8 April, 1975.

90 Trích dẫn

từ…

Đoạn trích

Extract (v-n)

Quote (v)

/ˈ ekstrækt/

/kwoʊ t/

“Please take from me this token of trust,

so we can embark upon our 100-year

journey together.” - “Rằng trăm năm

cũng từ đây.

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116 91 Trực thăng

Helicopter (n)

(informal copter,

chopper)

BrE /ˈ helɪ kɒ ptə (r)/

NAmE /ˈ helɪ kɑ ː ptə r/

The Reunification Palace entered the

world history books in 1975 when a

Vietnamese Air Force pilot flew a

helicopter over the palace with an

attempt to bomb it. Although no real

damage was caused this was a significant

step towards the fall of Saigon and the

ending of the Vietnamese War.

92 Truyện Kiều

The Tale of Kiều /teɪ l/

“The Tale of Kieu,” written by Nguyen

Du, is a story about a beautiful and

educated young woman, Vuong Thuy

Kieu, whose family falls upon hard times

when her father and brother are

imprisoned. In order to save her family

and get her family members out of jail,

she sells herself to a middle-aged man.

However, she does not know that he is a

pimp, and she ends up as a prostitute,

singer, concubine, and servant.

93 Văn học

Literature (n)

/ˈ lɪ trə tʃ ə r/

also /ˈ lɪ trə tʃ ʊ r/



French/English/American

literature



Great works of literature = Kiệt

tác văn học



Classical literature = Văn học cổ

điển

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117 94 Vòng tròn

Circle (n)

/ˈ sɜ ː rkl/

The two circles painted on the helipad

mark the spot where a bomb-load was

dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyen

Thanh Trung on 8 April, 1975.

TẦNG 4 – 4th floor (Top floor)

-“Tứ Phương Vô Sự Lầu”/ ”Safe-and-sound 4 directional terrace”.

-(Quầy giải khát) – Refreshment counter/desk- Cafeteria

-Heliport (Sân bay trực thăng)

95 Cây trúc/tre

Bamboo (n)

(pl. bamboos)

/ˌ bæmˈ buː /



The rows of stone curtains were

also said to refer tobamboo

stalks.



Bamboo tree is a significant

symbol in both Vietnamese culture

and daily life. It exists almost

everywhere in Vietnam, though

mainly in rural areas.

96 Đồ uống

=Nước giải

khát

(ngoại trừ

nước suối)

Beverage (n)

/ˈ bevə rɪ dʒ /



Saigon Beverage Co. (Tribeco) =

Công ty Nước giải khát Sài Gòn

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118 97 Rèm hoa đá

the Flower Stone

Curtain

/ˈ flaʊ ə r/ /stoʊ n/

/ˈ kɜ ː rtn/

Architectural beauty of the Palace is

also presented by the flower stone

curtainsurrounding the 2

floor.

98 Sàn nhảy

Dance floor

/dæns/ /flɔ ː r/

This place was designed for the

President Nguyen Van Thieu who took

a rest after hard working hours, but the

President turned it into a dance floor.

99 Sân thượng

Terrace (n)

/ˈ terə s/

This is the highest place, designed as

“Meditation terrace” called

“Safe-and-sound 4 directional terrace”.

100 Sự liên

quan/ám

chỉ/sự tham

khảo

Reference (n)

/ˈ refrə ns/

- He acted without reference to

me.

- The rows of stone curtains were

also said to reference bamboo

stalks.

101 Thân (cây)

Cuống

(hoa,quả)

Stalk (n)

/stɔ ː k/



The rows of stone curtains were

also said to reference bamboo

stalks.

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119 and daily life. It exists almost

everywhere in Vietnam, though

mainly in rural areas.

102 Thiền định

Meditation (n)

/ˌ medɪ ˈ teɪ ʃ n/

This is the highest place, designed as

“Meditation terrace” called

“Safe-and-sound 4 directional terrace”.

TẦNG TRỆT – Ground floor

-Kitchen and cooking equipment (Nhà bếp)

-President deluxe car (Mercedes)

-Documentary photo room/Exhibition Room (Phịng trưng bày hình ảnh)

-Shooting gallery (Phịng tập bắn)

-Documentary video room (Phòng chiếu phim tài liệu) (French/Chinese/Vietnamese/English video room)

103 Chiến lợi

phẩm/

Vật kỷ niệm

chiến thắng

Trophy (n)

(pl. trophies)

BrE /ˈ trə ʊ fi/

NamE /ˈ troʊ fi

It was one of the trophies captured by

Liberation Army of Vietnam on the day

of Saigon’s Liberation, 30 April 1975,

at 9:10 a.m

104 Lò nướng

Oven (n)

/ˈ ʌ vn/



At that time, this was the most

modern kitchen (standard for a

five-star hotel), including: gas

store, dishwasher, egg-mixer

machine, oven,…

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120

105 Máy đánh

trứng

Egg-mixer

machine (n)

/eɡ ˈ mɪ ksə r/

/mə ˈ ʃ iː n/

106 Máy hút mùi

(nhà bếp)

Kitchen

smoke-extractor

/ˈ kɪ tʃ ɪ n/ /smoʊ k/

/ɪ kˈ stræktə r/

107 Máy rửa bát

Dishwasher (n)

BrE /ˈ dɪ ʃ wɒ ʃ ə (r)/

NAmE /ˈ dɪ ʃ wɔ ː ʃ ə r/

or /ˈ dɪ ʃ wɑ ː ʃ ə r/



At that time, this was the most

modern kitchen including

(standard for a five-star hotel):

gas stove, dishwasher, egg-mixer

machine, oven,…

108 Phim tài liệu

Documentary

film

/ˌ dɑ ː kjuˈ mentri/ /fɪ lm/



The documentary film viewing

room is air conditioned.



After a sight-seeing tour lasting

around 45 minutes, you can watch

a documentary film titled

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121

109 Sản xuất/ chế

tạo

Manufacture

(v-n)

/ˌ mænjuˈ fæktʃ ə r/



This is the Mercedes-Benz 200

W110, manufactured in West

Germany in the 1960s.



Vitamins cannot be manufactured

by our bodies.

110 Sự trưng

bày/cuộc triễn

lãm

Exhibition (n)

 Exhibit (v)

/ˌ eksɪ ˈ bɪ ʃ n/



Have you seen the Picasso

exhibition?



Idioms: make an exhibition of

yourself = to behave in a bad or

stupid way in public.

Ex: I’m afraid Frank got drunk and

made an exhibition of himself.

111 Thiết bị/dụng

cụ

Equipment (n)

/ɪ ˈ kwɪ pmə nt/



The equipment of the

photographic studio was

expensive.



The school is in need of new

computer equipment.

112 Tủ bày hàng

Showcase (n)

BrE /ˈ ʃ ə ʊ keɪ s/

NAmE /ˈ ʃ oʊ keɪ s/

You can buy souvenirs (books, caps,

T-shirt,..) in the showcase over there.

TẦNG HẦM – Basement

-Commanding room (Phòng tham mưu tác chiến)

-Spare-radio station (Đài phát thanh dự phòng)

-Working place and sleeping room (Phòng trực chiến và Phòng nghỉ tạm thời)

-Bomb shelter (Hầm tránh bom)

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122

113 Bê tông

Concrete (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkriː t/

NAmE /ˈ kɑ ː ŋkriː t/

The basement is very strong. It was

built to provide working and living

facility in case of emergency. The

whole structure was of 1.6m thick

reinforcedconcrete walls, capable of

surviving ½ ton bombs.

114 Cuộc

chiến/trận

đánh

Combat (n)

BrE /ˈ kɒ mbæt/

NAmE /ˈ kɑ ː mbæt/



He was killed in combat.



This is the combat room where

the president and staff made war

or planning attacks in the South of

Vietnam.

115 Đài phát

thanh

Radio Station (n)

/ˈ reɪ dioʊ / /ˈ steɪ ʃ n/

A radio station is a set of equipment

necessary to carry out communication

via radio waves.

116 Dự

phòng/thay

thế

Spare (adj)

BrE /speə (r)/

NAmE /sper/



We've got a spare bedroom, if

you'd like to stay.



I'm afraid I haven't got any spare

cash.

117 Lệnh/quyền

chỉ huy

Command (n)

BrE /kə ˈ mɑ ː nd/ NAmE

/kə ˈ mænd/



Begin when I give the command.



Who is in command here?



be at somebody’s command =

(formal) to be ready to obey

somebody

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123

118 Máy điện báo

ghi chữ

Telex (n)

/ˈ teleks/

This room is equipped with a telex

system

119 Nước đồng

minh

Ally (n)

(pl. allies)

/ˈ ælaɪ /



He now had an ally against his

boss.



Portugal is a traditional ally of

England.



This is a map of the Republic of

Vietnam’s allied troops in 1968.

120 Sự gia

cố/củng cố

Reinforcement

(n)

/ˌ riː ɪ nˈ fɔ ː rsmə nt/

The harbour walls need urgent

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124 TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS

STT

Vietnamese

English

Pronunciati

on

Example

1 “Đất Thép

Thành

Đồng”

“The land of steel and

copper wall”.

“The land of steel and

bastion of bronze of

Cu Chi”.

/stiː l/

/ˈ kuː pə r/

/ˈ bæstiə n/

/brɑ ː nz/

-Cu Chi was titled “Cu Chi –the land of steel

and copper wall” by the National Liberation

Front of South of Viet Nam.

-Cu Chi Tunnels have gone into the heroic

fighting history of the Vietnamese people as a

legend of the 20th century and become a

well-known place in the world.

2 Anh hùng

Hero (n)

Heroic (adj)

/'hiə rou/

/ 'hiə rə ʊ ic /

Located about 70 km to the Northwest of

HCMCity, Cu Chi tunnel is the miniature of the

creative and transformed battle of Cu Chi

people and soldiers in the fierce fight.

- The Cu Chi Tunnel vestige has been

restored at Ben Duoc or Phu My Hung

heroic village.

3 Áo bà ba

Vietnamese silk

pajamas

(loose-fitting blouse)

/pə ˈ dʒ ɑ ː

mə z/

/pə ˈ dʒ æm

ə z/

If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla,

they can be showed by the local guide to dress

up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals,

loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf.

4 Ấp chiến

lược

Strategic hamlet(s)

Strategic hamlet

Program

/strə ˈ tiː d

ʒ ɪ k/

In 1961, Ngo Dinh Nhu supervised the opening

of the first “strategic hamlet” camps

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125 5 Bài thơ

Poem (n)

- Poet (n):

a person who

writes poems

- Poetry (n)

- Poetess (n)

- Poetic (adj)=poetical

(adj)

- Poetically (adv)

- Poeticize (v)

- Poetize (v)

/'pʊ im/

(UK)

/ˈ poʊ .ə m/

(US)

Ex: “The tale ofKiều” poem became the pride

of Vietnamese people.

6 Bàn thờ

Altar (n)

/ˈ ɔ ː l.tə r/

(UK)

/ˈ ɑ ː l.tɚ/

(US)

Above the altar is a statue of Hồ Chí Minh.

7 Bánh canh

Vietnamese thick

noodle soup

/ˌ vjetnə ˈ m

iː z θɪ k

ˈ nuː dl

suː p/

We have Vietnamese thick noodle soup for

breakfast.

8 Bảo tồn

Conserve

Preserve

/kə nˈ sə ː v

/

/prɪ ˈ zə ː v

/

We have to conserve animals in wild.

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126 10 Bến sông

River watering place/

river marind

/'rivə [r]'wɔ :

tə riɳ pleis/ This place used to be a river watering place.

11 Bệnh sốt rét Malaria (n)

/mə ˈ leə ri

ə /

/mə ˈ leriə /

Malaria is a serious tropical disease spread by

mosquitoes.

12 Bệnh viện

dã chiến

Field hospital

/fiː ld/

/ˈ hɒ spɪ tl/

/ˈ hɑ ː spɪ tl

/

A field hospital is a small mobile medical unit,

or mini hospital, that temporarily takes care of

casualties on-site before they can be safely

transported to more permanent hospital

facilities.

13 Bếp Hoàng

Cầm

Hoang Cam stove (n)

/Hoang cam

stoʊ v/

Hoang Cam stove was invented in 1952 by

Hoang Cam.

Hoang Cam is the soldier who created this

kitchen in the Dien Bien Phu Campaign.

This kitchen is very special. When we cook

right here, the smoke doesn’t rise up directly to

the sky. It follows the smoked pipe to the

smoked room which is full, it comes to next

room and step by step smokes out by little like

fog in the morning which the American aircrafts

could not recognize.

14 Bia mộ

Tombstone

/ˈ tuː mstə

ʊ n/

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127

15 Biểu tượng

hồn thiêng

đất nước

The symbol of spirit

of the country (n)

/ðə 'simbl

ə v ðə

ˈ kʌ n.tri /

The symbol of spirit of the country is in the

center of the flower garden.

16 Bom

Bomb (n)

/bɒ m/ (UK)

/bɑ ː m/

(US)

-The US army dropped the bombs, but the

locals took the fragments and sold them for

scrap to buy food.

17 Bức tranh

Picture

(n): painting, drawing,

photograph, etc

(v): imagine sb/sth,

show sb/sth

/ˈ pɪ k.tʃ ə r

/ (UK)

/ˈ pɪ k.tʃ ɚ/

(US)

Ex: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial has

the biggest pottery picture in Vietnam.

18 Cái cuốc

Hoe (n)

/hə ʊ /

/hoʊ /

-The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground

and used crowbars where the ground was

harder.

-Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over

250kms tunnels and trenches by rude tools, such

as:hoes, shovels, bamboo baskets,…

19 Căn cứ

(quân sự)

Base (n)

/beɪ s/



After the attack, they returned to base.



The Đong Du Base.

20 Càn quét

Sweep (v)

(Past simple: swept)

/swiː p/

/swept/

Cu Chi Tunnels were used also for evading

enemy’s sweeps in the area.

21 Cao cấp

Superior (adj)

/,su:’piə riə /

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128 22 Cầu vượt

Overpass (n)

/‘ə ʊ və pɑ :s

/

We will enjoy the famous dishes 7 kilometers

away fromAn Sương overpass to the right.

23 Cây cao su

Rubber tree

/ˈ rʌ bə r

triː /

There are rubber trees in Cu Chi district.

24 Cây cau

Areca tree

/ˈ arɪ kə /

/ə ˈ riː kə / Areca tree is normally high.

25 Cây mía

Sugarcane (n)

/ˈ ʃ ʊ ɡ ə

keɪ n/

Sugarcane is tropical grass which is used to

make sugar.

26 Chạm khắc

carve (v) - carving (n)

= engrave (v)

/kɑ :v/

The names of dead soldiers are carved into a

granite stone tablet with gilded letters.

27 Chất độc da

cam

Agent Orange / Dioxin

/ˈ eɪ dʒ ə nt/

/ˈ ɔ ː rɪ nd

ʒ /

The Agent Orange is a poisonous chemical

used by US soldiers during the Vietnam War to

remove the leaves from forests so that they

could see the enemy.

28 Chiếm đóng Occupy (v)

/ˈ ɒ kjupaɪ /

/ˈ ɑ ː kjupa

ɪ /

The capital has been occupied by the rebel

army.

29 Chiến đấu,

trận đánh

Combat

(n)

Conflict

Battle

Combat

(v)

Attack

Against

/ˈ kɒ mbat/

The tunnels were used by Viet Cong soldiers/

troops as hiding spots during combat.

30 Chiến dịch,

cuộc vận

động

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129 31 Chiến tranh

War (n)

- Warfare (n): activity

of fighting a war

- Warship (n): ship

used in war

- Wartime: period of

war

≠ Peace (n)

/wɔ :[r]/

(UK)

/wɔ :r/ (US)

Ex: The war made many pains for Vietnamese

people

IDM: Have been in the wars (spoken): have

been injured in a flight or an accident

32 Chọn lọc

Choose (v)

-

Choose-chose-chosen

- Choice (n)

- Chossy (adj): very

careful in choosing

= Select (adj, v)

≠ Reject (n, v)

/tʃ uː z/

Ex 1: This poem was chosen from a contest of

217 writings

Ex 2: The managing director decided to choose

Mary to transfer to a representative office in

USA but she rejectedhis offers

33 Chống cự,

cản trở

Resistance (n)

Opposition to sth

/ri'zistə ns/

There is a lot of resistance (opposition) to the

idea of a united Europe.

34 Chuông

Bell (n)

/bel/

The bell is on the left in the main temple

35 Con hạc

Stork (n)

/stɔ :k/ (UK)

/stɔ ː rk/

(US)

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130 36 Con rùa

Turtle (n)

/ˈ tɜ ː .tə l/

(UK)

/ˈ tɝ ̪.t̪ə l

/ (US)

A turtle can live a long time.

The turtle in Hoan Kiem Lake was said to be

more than 100 years old to have found dead in

Central Hanoi in January 2016.

37 Cổng

Gate (n)

/ geit/

The three-door temple gate was constructed in

the ancient style of the nation with round

columns, the yin-yang tiles above.

38 Cổng tam

quan

Three-door temple

gate (n)

/θri: - dɔ :[r]

'templ

Geit/

The Three-door temple gate has

the architecture of the traditional style of

Vietnam.

39 Cột

Pillar (n)

= Column (n)

/ˈ pɪ l.ə r/

(UK)

/ˈ pɪ l.ɚ/

(US)

The pillars are the parallel sentences of the poet

Bao Dinh Giang

40 Cột mốc

Milestone

landmark

/ˈ mʌ ɪ lstə

ʊ n/

We just pass the 21

st

milestone.

41 Cứng cỏi,

ngoan cường

Stubborn (adj)

/'stʌ bə n/

Stubborn struggle ( đấu tranh ngoan cường)

42 Cuộc cách

mạng

Revolution (n)

 Revolutionary

(adj)

/ˌ revə ˈ lu

ː ʃ n/

/ˌ revə ˈ lu

ː ʃ ə nə ri/



a cultural/social/scientific revolution

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131 43 Cuộc thi

Competition (n)

- competitor (n): A

person who competes

- Compete (v): take

part in a race, contest,

etc

- Competive (adj)

- Competitively (adv)

≠ Cooperation

/ˌ kɒ m.pə ˈ

tɪ ʃ .ə n/ (U

K)

/ˌ kɑ ː m.pə

ˈ tɪ ʃ .ə n/

(US)

Ex 1: We are going to take part in “Amazing

Race” competition

Ex 2: Cooperation is always powerfuland

advantageous in the fierce competition.

44 Cựu chiến

binh

Veteran (n)

/ˈ vɛ tə rə n/ Veteran is a person who had long experience in

war.

45 Cứu hộ

Giải thoát

Rescue (n)

Liberation

Deliveranc

e

Rescure

(v)

Save

/ˈ rɛ skjuː /

Rescue sb/sth from sb/sth

Rescue sb/sth + adj

Firefighters had to rescue 4 people trapped in

their vehicles.

46 Dép lốp

Ho Chi Minh’s

sandals

= rubber tire sandals

/ˈ rʌ bə r/

/ˈ taɪ ə r/

/ˈ sændl/

-The rubber tire sandals were made to wear

backwards so that the tracks they made

appeared to go the opposite direction.

-These sandals are made from recycled tyres

and usually worn by the Vietnamese soldiers.

47 Di tản

Evacuate (v)

 Evacuation (n)

/ɪ ˈ vækjue

ɪ t/

- evacuate somebody (from…) (to…)

Ex: Children were evacuated from London to

escape the bombing.

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132

49 Đá hoa

cương

Granite

/ˈ ɡ rænᵻ t/

Graniteis extensively used as flooring tiles in

public and commercial buildings and

monuments

50 Đặc sản

Special

dishes/speciality/

specialty (n)

/‘speʃ ə l

dish/

Cassava is the speciality of Cu Chi tunnel.

51 Đạn (súng

trường)

Bullet (n)

/ˈ bʊ lɪ t/

There were bullet holes in the door.

52 Đào (đất)

Dig (v)

/dɪ ɡ /

-The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground

and used crowbars where the ground was

harder.

-Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over

250kms tunnels and trenches by rude tools, such

as: hoes, shovels, bamboo baskets,…

53 Đào thoát

Escape (v)/(n)

/ɪ ˈ skeɪ p/

The system also has some escape exits to

Saigon River.

54 Đậu phộng

Peanut (n)

/ˈ piː nʌ t/

At the end of tour, you will be served steamed

tapioca with salt sugar & chopped peanuts.

55 Đền

Temple (n)

/ˈ tɛ mpə l/

The Ben Duoc temple was built in 1993

56 Đền chính

The main temple (n)

/ðə mein

'templ/

The main temple’s important place in Ben

Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial.

57 Địa đạo

(hầm)

Tunnel

/ˈ tʌ nə l/

We’re entering the Cu Chi tunnels.

58 Điều trị

Treat (v)

/triː t/

Wild animals are treated before they are

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133

59 Đoạn hầm

eo hẹp

Narrow section =

Tunnel bottle neck

/ˈ næroʊ /

/ˈ sekʃ n/

/ˈ tʌ nl/

/ˈ bɒ tl/ /nek/

There are also narrow sections that only light

and thin persons could worm their way through.

60 Độc, có chất

độc

Poisonous (adj)

Poison (n)

/’pɔ ɪ zə nə

s/

America army sprayed poisons into Vietnam in

war.

61 Đời đời ghi

nhớ

Eternally remember/

eternal appreciation

/ɪ ˈ tɜ ː .nə

l.i

rɪ ˈ mem.bə

r/

“Eternally remember” poem was carved on

the stele

62 Du kích

Guerrilla

(also guerilla)

/ɡ ə ˈ rɪ lə /



urban guerrillas (= those who fight in

towns)

63 Dũng cảm

Brave (adj)

/ɪ v/

The 4 soldiers are to receivecitations from the

president for their brave actions.

64 Dưới mặt

đất, ngầm

Underground

(adj)/(adv)

/'ʌ ndə graun

d/

The soldiers in Viet Nam war lived

underground.

65 Gạch

Brick

(n): baked clay used

for building

(v): to close or wall

with brick.

/brik/

Ex: To make (burn) brick

Phrasal verb:



Brick sth IN/UP: to build a wall of bricks

around sth, or to fill sth with bricks

IDM: Drop a brick informal: To make a clumsy

social error

66 Ghép

Connect (v)

-Connection (n)

/kə 'nekt/

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134 67 Giải phóng

Liberate (v-Liberation

(n)

- Liberated (adj)

= Emancipate, free

/ˈ lɪ b.ə r.e

ɪ t/ (UK)

/ˈ lɪ b.ə .re

ɪ t/ (US)

Ex: As towns and villages were liberated by

these forces, so new revolutionary authorities

were set up.

68 Giao thông

hào

Fighting Trench

/ˈ faɪ tɪ ŋ/

/trentʃ /

69 Giọt nước

mắt

Tear (n)(v)

- Tear – tore - torn

- Teardrop (n)

- Tearful (adj): crying

or likely

to cry

- Tearfully (adv)

/tiə [r]/

A tear expresses the Symbol of National Soul’s

image

IDM:

•In tears: crying

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135 70 Gốm

Pottery (n):

/ˈ pɒ t.ə r.i/ (

UK)

/ˈ p̪̪.t̪ɚ

.i/ (US)

Ex: We will prepare some handmade pottery

goods to be this tour’s souvenir

71 Hầm

Bunker (n)

/ 'bʌ ɳ kə (r)

/

Rest bunker

Surgery bunker

72 Hầm/

khoang chứa

Chamber/Bunker (n)

/ˈ tʃ eɪ mbə

(r)/

/ˈ bʌ ŋkə (r)/



Meeting Chamber = Phòng hội họp



Fighting Bunker = Phòng chiến đấu



Dining Chamber = Phòng ăn



Sleeping Chamber = Phòng ngủ



Food Reserve Bunker = Phòng dự trữ

lương thực



Letter A shape Bunker = Hầm tránh bom

hình chữ A



Medic care Chamber = Phịng chăm sóc y

tế



Military health Chamber = Phòng quân y



Commanding Bunker = Phòng chỉ huy tác

chiến

73 Hàng lưu

niệm

Souvenir (n)

/ˌ suː .və n

ˈ ɪ ə r/ (UK)

/ˌ suː .və ˈ

nɪ r/ (US)

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136 74 Hệ thống

System

/ˈ sɪ stə m/

Get sth out of one's system

75 Hiếu học

A desire for learning

/fɒ nd ə v

'lɜ :niη/

A desire for learning is Vietnamese’s tradition

76 Hịa bình

Peace (n

- Peaceful (adj)

- Peacefully (adv)

- Peacetime (n)

≠ War (n)

/pi:s/ (UK,

US)

Ex: Some day in the future, people will live in

peace

IDM: Make (your) peace with sb: end an

argument with sb

77 Hoa viên

Flower garden (n)

/'flaʊ ə [r]//'g

ɑ :dn/ (UK)

/ˈ flaʊ .ɚ//ˈ

ɡ ɑ ː r.də n/

(US)

The flower garden behind the Temple has the

symbol of National Soul.

78 Hương

(nhang)

Incense

(n): substance that

produces a pleasant

smell when brunt

(v): make sb very

angry

- Burn incense

/ˈ ɪ n.sens/

Ex: We light some incense/ incense sticks for

the martyrs

79 Huyện

District

Ward: phuong/ xa

/ˈ dɪ strɪ kt/ We’re in District 1.

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137 81 Khai hoang

Reclaim (v)

- Reclaimable (adj)

- Reclaimation (n)

/ri'kleim/

The South of Vietnam was reclaimed a long

time ago

82 Khám phá

Discover (v)

/dɪ ˈ skʌ və

/

You can discover the underground tunnel.

83 Khánh thành

Inaugurate (v)

- Inauguration (n)

≠ Close (adj, v)

/ɪ ˈ nɔ ː .ɡ j

ə .reɪ t/

(UK)

/ɪ ˈ nɑ ː .ɡ j

ə .reɪ t/ (US)

Ex1: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial

was inaugurated in 1995



TO inaugurate sb AS sth

Ex 2: He’ll be inaugurated as President

Ex 3: In 2014, Dainam wonderland used to be

closed, they made the program free for all

guests (By Tuổi Trẻ newspaper)

84 Khăn rằn

Checked scarf

= Black and white

scarf

/ˈ tʃ ekə rd/

/skɑ ː rf/

If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla,

they can be showed by the local guide to dress

up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals,

loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf.

85 Khí hậu

Climate (n)

/’klaimit/

Vietnam's climate is tropical monsoon.

86 Kho vũ khí

trang bị

Ammunition dump (n)

/ˌ æmjuˈ nɪ

ʃ n dʌ mp/

They did venture into the tunnels which they

searched exhaustively for 4 days, finding

ammunition, radio equipment, medical supplies

and food as well as the signs of considerable

Viet Cong presence.

87 Khoai mì

Cassava

= Manioc

= Tapioca root

/kə ˈ sɑ ː v

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138 88 Khói

Smoke (n)

/smouk/

The alarm should go off automatically as soon

as smoke is detected.

89 Liên lạc

Contact (v)/(n)

/’kɑ :ntækt/

If you have any questions, please contact us.

90 Liên quan

đến lịch sử

Historical (adj)

/his'tɔ rikə l/ Historical studies, historical novel.

91 Liệt sĩ

Martyr

(n): A person who is

killed because of their

religious or other

beliefs

(v): Kill (someone)

because of their

beliefs

/ˈ mɑ ː .tə r/

(UK)

/ˈ mɑ ː tə /

(US)

Ex: Martyrs made too many sacrifices for our

country.

92 Lỗ thông hơi

Ventilation hole

= Air hole

/ˌ ventɪ ˈ le

ɪ ʃ n/

/hə ʊ l/

/hoʊ l/

-One of the most important things about the

tunnels was the digging of ventilation holes.

-There are manyventilation holes to get fresh

air down to tunnel systems.

93 Lư hương

incence-burner (n)

/ˈ ɪ n.sens

'bɜ :nə [r]/

Ex: The incence-burner is on the altar

94 Lương thực

Food (n)

/fuː d/

All the shops were closed,so we could not buy

any food.

95 Lựu đạn

Grenade (n)

/ɡ rə ˈ neɪ d

/

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139 96 Mái nhà

Roof

(n): top covering of a

building, car, etc

(v): cover sth with a

roof

- Roofing (n): material

for making roofs

/ru:f/

Three-door temple gate has a red roof

97 Mạng

lưới/hệ

thống

Network (n)

/ˈ netwɜ ː k/

/ˈ netwɜ ː rk

/



a rail/road/canal network



Cu Chi Tunnels Network

98 Mạo hiểm

Risk (v)/ (n)

/‘ri:sk/

To take the risk of something

This service is for tourists who wouldlike to

take risks and arenot afraid of the dark.

99 Mè

Sesame seeds

/ˈ sesə mi/

/siː ds/



Sesame seeds may be tiny, but they have

huge health benefits.



Vietnamese Toasted Sesame Seeds and

Peanut Salt (Muối Vừng)

100 Mẹ Việt

Nam

Vietnamese mother

(n)

/ˌ vjet.nə ˈ

miː zˈ mʌ ð.

ə r/

Vietnamese mothers are so noble

101 Mét

Meter (n)

/'mi:tə /

A stone tablet is 3 meters high

102 Mìn

Mine (n)

/maɪ n/

Delay mine = Mìn nổ chậm

103 Mơ phỏng

Imitate (v)

/ˈ ɪ mɪ teɪ t

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140 104 Mở rộng

Expand (v)

/ɪ kˈ spænd/

- I don’t think we should expandour business in

the current economic climate.

-A child’s vocabulary expands through reading.

105 Muối tôm

Shrimp salt (n)

/ʃ rɪ mp

sɔ :lt/

Shrimp salt is traditional food of Tay Ninh.

One of the specialties in Tay Ninh is the famous

shrimp salt which has been gaining a

worldwide popularity in the recent years.

106 Nằm ở giữa

Middle

- In the middle of

/'midl/

The inscription house’s in the middle of Ben

Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial

107 Ngã tư

Crossroads

/ˈ krɔ ː sro

ʊ dz/

An Suong crossroads is the starting point of

highway 22.

108 Ngầm/ dưới

mặt đất

Underground (adi)/

(adv)

/ˌ ʌ ndə ˈ ɡ

raʊ nd/

There are many underground Water Wells in

Cu Chi.

109 Nghi lễ

Ritual (n, adj)

= Rite (n)

=ceremony (n)

/ˈ rɪ tʃ .u.ə l

/

Ex: Incense-burning rituals

IDM: rite of passage: ceremony or event that

marks an important stage in somebody’s life

110 Ngừng bắn

Ceasefire (n)

/ˈ siː sfaɪ ə

(r)/

On January 15, 1973, President Richard Nixon

ordered a ceasefire of the bombings in North

Vietnam.

111 Người lính,

quân nhân

Soldier (n)

trooper, fighter,

warrior

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141 112 Nhà văn

Poet (n)

= Writer

 poem (n): bài thơ

/ˈ pə ʊ .ɪ t/

(UK)

/ˈ poʊ .ə t/

(US)

Ex: The poem of Viễn Phương poet was

choosen

113 Nhà văn bia

The inscription house

(n)

/ðə

in'skrip∫n

haʊ s/

The inscription house’s in front of the main

temple.

114 Nơi ẩn náu

Shelter (n)

/'ʃ eltə (r)/

shelter (from something) protection from rain,

danger or attack.

They opened a shelter to provide Temporary

housing for the city’s homeless.

115 Nón tai bèo

Broad-brimmed cap

/hat

/brɔ ː

d/-/brɪ mid/

/kæp/

If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla,

they can be showed by the local guide to dress

up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals,

loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf.

116 Núi

Mountain (n)

- Mountaineer (n): A

person who is skilled

at climbing mountain

- Mountainous (n)

- Mountaineering (n)

/ˈ maʊ n.tɪ n

/ (UK)

/ˈ maʊ n.tə n

/ (US)

Ex: The stone was taken from Ngũ Hành

Sơnmountain

117 Phân tán

Disperse (v)

/dɪ ˈ spɜ ː r

s/

-The seeds are dispersed by the wind.

-The fog began to disperse.

118 Pháo

Shell (n)

/ʃ el/

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142 Nghĩa khác của Shell (n) vỏ ốc.

Idioms: “come out of your shell” (ra khỏi vỏ

bọc/thật sự lột xác)

He’s really come out of his shell since he met

Marie.

119 Phụ lưu

Tributary (adj, n)

/ˈ trɪ bjʊ t(ə

)ri/

Bọ Cạp river is a tributary of Sài Gòn river.

120 Phương tiện Means (n)

/mins/

We need to find some other means of

transportation.

You can use a variety of means to go to the Cu

Chi tunnel.

121 Quân

đội/đoàn

quân

Army (n)

(plural: armies)

= Military

/ˈ ɑ ː mi/

(UK)

/ˈ ɑ ː rmi/

(US)

/ˈ mɪ lə tri/

(UK)



US Army = American Army

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143 /ˈ mɪ lə teri/

(US)

122 Quân lính,

quân đội

Military (n)/(adj)

/'militri/

Military zone, military uniform

123 Quốc lộ 22

Highway 22

Main road, main route,

freeway

/ˈ hʌ ɪ weɪ / Highway 22 is about 58 km long.

124 Quyển sách

Book (n)

- Book (v): order sth

in advance

- Booking (n):

arrangement that is

made in advance

- Bookkeeper (n):

person whose job is to

keep an accurate

record of the accounts

of a business

/bʊ k/ (UK,

US)

Ex 1: It looks like a book

Ex 2: We want to book a room with a sea view

in the hotel

125 Rầm rộ

Thrive(v) – thrived –

thrived

Thrive – throve –

thriven (US)

The movement of digging tunnels increasingly

thrived, stayed strong everywhere, the old and

the young, boys and girls participated with

excitement to establish fighting tunnel.

126 Sầu riêng

Durian (n)

/ˈ dʊ ə rɪ ə

n/

Durian smells bad to some people.

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144

128 Sự bắn, sự

phóng đi

Shooting (n)

/'∫u:tiη/

They are shooting the people.

129 Sự đào, sự

bới

Dig (v)

/dɪ g/

Dig + into/for = search, reseach

Vietnam military dug Cu Chi tunnel in war.

130 Sư đoàn

(quân sự)

Division (n)

 Infantry

Division = Sư

đoàn bộ binh

/dɪ ˈ vɪ ʒ n/

/ˈ ɪ nfə ntri/



The 25

Infantry Division (Tropical

Lighting Division) = Sư đoàn Bộ binh số

25 (Sư đoàn Tia Chớp Nhiệt Đới)



The 1

Infantry Division (Red One

Division) = Sư đoàn Bộ binh số 1 (Sư

đoàn Anh Cả Đỏ)

131 Sự ngụy

trang

Camouflage (n)

/'kæmə flɑ :

ʒ /

The whiteness of polar bears provides

camouflage

• a camouflage jacket (= covered with green and

brown marks and worn by soldiers)

• troops dressed in camouflage.

132 Tấm bia

Stele (n)

- Stelae (plural)

/'sti:li/

The stele weighs 3,7 tons

133 Tấn

Ton (n)

/tʌ n/

This stone weighs 18 tons

134 Tầng

Storey (n)

- Storeys (plural)

=Floor (n)

/'stɔ :ri/

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145 135 Tầng hầm

Basement (n):

/ˈ beɪ s.mə

nt/ (UK)

/ˈ beɪ s.mə

nt/ (US)

Ex: Basement is located underground



Be based (v) + on: Dựa vào

Ex: Our company can design the tour itinerary

based on your requirements

136 Thả (bom)

Drop (v)

/drɒ p/

/drɑ ː p/

-The US army dropped the bombs, but the

locals took the fragments and sold them for

scrap to buy food.

137 Tham quan

Visit (v)

/ˈ vɪ zɪ t/

We will visit Cu Chi tunnel next time.

138 Thán phục

Admire (v)

Admiration (n)

/ə d’maiə (r)

/

Cu Chi Tunnels areadmired by works deep in

the ground.

139 Thanh cao

Nobility

= elegance (adj)

≠ Coarse (adj), crude

(adj)

/nə ˈ bɪ l.ə .

ti/ (UK)

/noʊ ˈ bɪ l.ə

.t̪i/ (US)

Ex 1: A stork expresses Vietnamese’s nobility.

Ex 2: His words are very coarse.

140 Tháp

Tower (n)

/taʊ ə r/

(UK)

/ˈ taʊ .ɚ/

(US)

Bitexco tower is the highest tower in Ho Chi

Minh city.

141 Thịt bò tơ

Veal (n)

/viː l/

Veal is the speciality of Cu Chi district.

142 Thưởng thức Enjoy (v)

/in’dʒ ɔ i/

You should come to enjoy this dish.

143 Thuyền

Ship (n)

/ ʃ ip /

Sightseeing tourists can use swan-shaped,

kayak ship to enjoy the panoramic views of the

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146 Kayak excursion in Ben Duoc

144 Tiền hiền,

hậu hiền

Ancestor (n

- Ancestry (n): a line

of ancestor

- Ancestral (adj)

/ˈ æn.ses.tə r

/ (UK)

/ˈ æn.ses.tɚ/

(US)

Ex: The incense tables of ancestors are set on

the left and right.

145 Tổ mối

Termite mound

/ˈ tɜ ː maɪ t

/ /maʊ nd/

Termite mounds are used to camouflage fightin

bunkers.

146 Trang

nghiêm

Solemn (adj-Solemnly

(adv)

- Solemness (n)

- Solemnity (n): A

thing people do at a

serious event

= Serious (adj)

≠ Cheerful (adj)

/ˈ sɒ l.ə m/

(UK)

/ˈ sɑ ː .lə m/

(US)

Ex: We must be solemn when we go to temples.

Ex 2: She’s in a cheerful mood

147 Tranh chấp

Dispute (v)-(n)

/dɪ ˈ spjuː t/ Disputing area = vùng tranh chấp

148 Trầu

Betel

/ˈ biː .tə l/

Old people in Viet Nam often chew betel.

149 Trống

Drum (n)(v)

- Drummer (n): a

person who plays

drum

- Drumstick (n): A

thing is used for

beating a drum

/drʌ m/ (UK,

US)

Ex: There are 5 drums in the main temple

Phrasal verb:



Drum sth INTO sb: teach sth to sbby

frequent repeating.

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147 150 Trực thăng

Helicopter (n)

/ˈ hɛ lɪ ˌ k

ɒ ptə r ,

ˈ hilɪ ˌ kɒ p

tə r/

Helicopter was used by America army in

Vietnam war.

151 Trung tâm

văn hóa

Cultural center(n)

/’kʌ ltʃ ə /

Ho Chi Minh City has been a cultural and

economic centerof Viet Nam.

152 Trường tồn,

vĩnh hằng

Eternal (adj-Eternally

(adv)

= everlasting,

perpetual, immortal…

≠ transient (adj)

/ɪ ˈ tɜ ː .nə

l/ (UK)

/ɪ ˈ tɝ ː .nə

l/ (US)

Ex: "Eternal flame" is my favourite song.

153 Truyền

thống

Tradition (n)

- Traditional (adj)

- Traditionally (adv)

≠ innovation: a new

idea or method

/trə 'di∫n/

The old people in the village still observe the

local traditions.

The Tradition of heroism.

154 Tuyệt vời

Great (adj)

Fantastic (adj)

Enjoyable (adj)

/greit/

This is the greatest experience during my visit

to the Cu Chi tunnels.

155 Tượng

Statue (n)

/'stæt∫u:/

In the middle of the main temple is the statue

of Hồ Chí Minh.

156 Tưởng

nhớ/ghi nhớ

commemorate (v)

/kə 'memə 'r

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148 157 Ụ chiến đấu Fighting Bunker

/ˈ faɪ tɪ ŋ/

/ˈ bʌ ŋkə r/

158 Ủy viên

Commissioner

/kə 'mi∫ə nə / High commissioner (cao ủy)

159 Vách

Wall (n)

/'wɔ :l/

Ex: The main temple’s wall has pottery picture

IDM:



Drive sb up the wall:

to make someone extremely angry



Go to the wall:

-to be destroyed or fail. To do everything

you can

-to achieve something or help someone

(US)



Hit the wall:

to reach a point when you

are running, exercising, playingsports, etc.

where you are

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149 Phrasal verb:



Wall sth/sb IN: surround sth/sb with a

wall or barrier



Wall sth OFF: separate on place or area

from another with a wall or bricks



Wall sth UP: block sth with a wall or

bricks

160 Văn bia, văn

mộ

Epitaph

/ˈ ɛ pɪ tɑ ː f

/

How would you like to be remembered in your

epitaph?

161 Vì nước

quên mình –

Đời đời ghi

nhớ

Sacrificing yourselves

for the sake of the

countrylest we forget.

Inside the main temple, on the top written: "Last

we forget, sacrificing yourselve for the sake of

the country"

162 Vũ khí

Weapon (n)

/ˈ wepə n/

An instrument of attack or defense in combat,

as a gun, missile, or sword

Seft-made weapons (n) = vũ khí tự tạo

163 Vùng “Tam

giác sắt”

Iron Triangle

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150 The 25th Division of the U.S Army encamped

in Dong Du base, Cu Chi (on January 3, 1965)

and opened many violently mopping up

operations in Cu Chi to destroy the “Iron

Triangle”.

164 Vùng oanh

tạc tự do

Free-strike Zone

/friː

/-/straɪ k/

/zə ʊ n/ (UK)

/zoʊ n/(US)



a “free-strike zone” meaning that little (if

any) permission was required to carry out

any form of attack on the area.

165 Vượt (qua

sông)

Cross

(v): go across sth,

extend from one side

to the other of sth

(n): mark made by

drawing one line

across another, a

symbol of Christianity

(adj): annoyed, angry

- Crossness (n)

- Crossly (adv)

/krɒ s/ (UK)

/krɑ ː s/

(US)

Ex: They’re crossing the river

IDM: Have a (heavy) cross to bear: Have a

difficult problem to deal with

166 Xà beng

Crowbar (n)

/ˈ krə ʊ bɑ

ː (r)/

/ˈ kroʊ bɑ ː

r/

-The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground

and used crowbars where the ground was

harder.

-Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over

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151 167 Xây dựng

Build (v)

- Build - built – built

- Building (n):

structure with a roof

and walls.

= Contruct (v)

/bɪ ld/

Ex: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial was

built in 1993

168 Xe tăng

Tank (n)

/tæŋk/

Shred of tank = xác xe tăng

CÁC LOẠI BẪY CHÔNG

1 Chông bật

Swinging-up trap

/ˈ swɪ ŋɪ

ŋ/-/ʌ p/

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152 2 Chông bổ

Door trap

/dɔ ː (r)/

/træp/

This is the full bodydoor trap and it was hidden

above doors. The bottom row of spikes was

designed for the genitals.

3 Chông cánh

cửa

Window trap

/ˈ wɪ ndoʊ /

/træp/

A Window Trap opens like a window and full

of metal spikes.

4 Chông cần

cối

See-saw trap

/ˈ siː sɔ ː /

/træp/

The see-saw trap would swing and get the

victim several times.

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153

5 Chông ghế

xếp

Folding chair trap

/ˈ fə ʊ ldɪ ŋ/

/ˈ foʊ ldɪ ŋ/

/tʃ eə (r)/

/tʃ er/

/træp/

Basically a small hole covered with leaves. The

victim’s foot is impaled when stood on.

6 Chông hom

Fish trap

/fɪ ʃ / /træp/

This fish trap was stuck under a hidden hole that

was covered with leaves or grass. When the

soldier would fall in, his leg would get stuck in

this trap like a fish or lobster trap. Mines would

be put under the trap.

7 Chông kẹp

nách

Clipping armpit trap

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154 8 Chơng thị

Sticking trap

/stɪ kɪ ŋ/

/trỉp/

9 Chơng tre

Bamboo trap

/

bæmˈ buː tr

æp/

Vietnamese soldiers used bamboo trap in war.

10 Chông trụ

quay

Rolling trap

/ˈ rə ʊ lɪ ŋ/

/ˈ roʊ lɪ ŋ/

/træp/

This rolling trap was made so that when a

soldier would fall in, these spikes would rotate

(turn around) and cut them all the way down

their body.

11 Hầm chông

nắp tự động

Booby trap with

bamboo spikes

/ˈ buː bi/

/træp/

/ˌ bæmˈ bu

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155 MY THO – BEN TRE TOUR

(*)

Tham khảo từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, phiên bản lần 9

ST

T

TIẾNG

VIỆT

TIẾNG ANH

PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC

TẾ

(*)

GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG

1 Án thờ/bệ thờ Altar (n)

/ˈ ɔ ː ltə r/



the high altar of the church/temple.

The altars were decorated with images.

2 Anh hùng

Hero (n)

/ˈ hɪ ə rə ʊ / (UK)

/ˈ hiː roʊ / (US)

In 1861, the hero Nguyen Trung Truc

burned down the L’Esperance Warship at

Nhat Tao canal.

3 Áo choàng

Robe (n)

/roʊ b/

He always dressed in traditional Buddhist

robes.

4 Bậc tam cấp

Three - step

staircase

(= Perron)

/θriː / /step/

/ˈ steə keɪ s/

The Kh’leang Pagoda roof was built in a

three-step staircase method, each has three

layers.

5 Bán lẻ

Retail

 retailer (n) người

bán lẻ

/ˈ riː teɪ l/

-The recommended retail price is 2USD.

-After leaving the wholesale market, we

took off for a small retail market.

-The buyers at the floating markets can

also be sellers serving local retail markets.

6 Bán sỉ

Wholesale

 wholesaler (n)

người bán sỉ

/ˈ hoʊ lseɪ l/

/ˈ hoʊ lseɪ lə r/

Binh Tay Market is a big wholesale

market in Ho Chi Minh City.

7 Bánh hỏi

Steamed rolls made

of rice-flour

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156 (angel hair steamed

rolls vermicelli)

into bundles and often topped with

chopped green onion and served with

grilled pork.

8 Bánh tráng

Girdle-cake

(Rice-paper)

/ˈ ɡ ɜ ː rdl//- /keɪ k/

The trade of making girdle cake not only

helps locals get out of poverty and

improve their lives, but also maintains a

traditional culture of Vietnamese people.



Girdle-cake mix = bánh tráng trộn

9 Bầu cử

Election (n)

/iˈ lek.ʃ ə n/



presidential elections (bầu cử tổng

thống)



election campaign (chiến dịch vận

động bầu cử)

10 Bến phà

Ferry station (n)

/ˈ feri/

-We caught the ferry across the river.

-The ferry departs at 8 p.m.

-There are many bus stops at Bình Khánh

Ferry Station everyday.

11 Bệnh nhân

Patient (n)

/ˈ peɪ ʃ nt/

The patient was admitted to hospital

yesterday.



Patient (adj) = kiên nhẫn.

12 Biển Đông

East Sea (n)

/iː st/ /siː /

Ho Chi Minh City borders Tay Ninh and

Binh Duong Provinces to the North, Dong

Nai and Ba Ria – Vung Tau Provinces to

the East, Long An Province to the West

and the East Sea to the South.

13 Biểu diễn

Performance (n)

Perform (v)

/pə rˈ fɔ ː rmə ns/

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157 -Please refrain from talking during the

performance.

14 Bờ biển

Coastline (n)

/ˈ koʊ stlaɪ n/

- The coastline stretches for miles.

- Viet Nam's coastline is 3260 kilometres

long.

15 Bơng bí

Pumpkin flower

/ˈ pʌ mpkɪ n/

/ˈ flaʊ ə r/

Pumpkin flowers are used mainly in

Southern Vietnamese cooking. They can

be mixed into salads, stir-fried, put in a

clear soup, or stuffed with prawn.

16 Bưởi da xanh

Green-skin grape

fruit

/ɡ riː n/-/skɪ n/

/ˈ ɡ reɪ p.fruː t/

Ben Tre Province has many specialties,

such as: Chợ Lách rambutan, Cái Mơn

durian, Mỹ Lồng rice-paper, green-skin

grape fruit, Binh Đai’s seafood, Phu Le

rice-wine and coconut candies.

17 Cá cơm

Anchovy

(pl. anchovies)

/ˈ æntʃ oʊ vi/

-Anchovy is a small fish with a strong

salty flavour.

-Southeast Asian fish sauce is often made

from anchovies.

18 Cá kho tộ

Vietnamese Braised

Fish in Clay Pot

/ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/

/breɪ zd/

/kleɪ / /pɒ t/

While Pho may be a special treat to eat on

occassional weekends, Ca Kho Tois a dish

that families routinely eat on a regular

basis.

19 Cá lóc nướng

trui

Grilled mudfish by

straw

/ɡ rɪ ld/ /mʌ d-fɪ ʃ /

/strɔ ː /

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158 20 Cá sấu

Crocodile =

Alligator

/ˈ krɑ ː kə daɪ l/

-In addition, tourists can be entertained

withthe crocodile fishing, walking in the

fruit garden, buying handicrafts…



crocodile tears (nước mắt cá sấu)

21 Cá tai tượng

Giant gourami

(Elephant ear fish)

/ˈ dʒ ʌ ɪ ə nt

ˈ ɡ ʊ ə rə mi/

Fried yellow-tailed catfish??? Crispy

fried elephant fish with ginger fish

sauceis one of the most popular dishes in

Mekong Delta restaurant. Deep-fried and

mixed with rice noodles, lettuce,

cucumber and pineapple stuffed into a rice

paper wrap and dipped in a typically fresh

Vietnamese sauce.

22 Cái khuôn

Mould (n)

(especially US

English mold)

/moʊ ld/

-Pour the chocolate into a heart-shaped

mould.

-They broke the mould when they made

you (= there is nobody like you).

-Idioms: “break the mould” (of something)

= phá vỡ khuôn phép/quy tắc.

Ex: She succeeded in breaking the mould

of political leadership.

23 Cải lương

Renovated Opera

/ˈ renə veɪ tid/

/ˈ ɒ prə /

Cai Luong (Renovated Opera) appeared in

the Southern Vietnam in the 1920s.

24 Cái rãnh

Groove (n)

/ɡ ruː v/

groove of the mould: khe rãnh của cái

khuôn

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159 “Nước mắm ngon dầm con cá đối – Em

biểu anh chờ để tối em qua”.

26 Cau

Areca = betel nut

/ˈ e-riə -kə /

-Betel and areca are essential gifts in the

engagement and wedding ceremonies as

well as during conversations in Vietnam.

-Betel and areca are used to start talking

and help people become closer and more

open with each other.

27 Cầu vượt

Overbridge =

overpass.

 Foot overbridge

/ˈ oʊ və rbrɪ dʒ /

/fʊ t

ˈ oʊ və rbrɪ dʒ /

Overbridges reduce traffic-jams in Ho Chi

Minh City in the rush-hour.

28 Cây bồ đề

Bodhi Tree (n)

/‘boʊ dɪ / /triː /

-Many temples throughout the Buddhist

world have Bodhi trees.

-In front of the Pagoda, there is a statue of

Shakyamuni Buddha meditating under the

Bodhi Tree.

29 Cây tùng

Pine (n)

/paɪ n/

The pine trees are honored Chinese

symbols for long life.

30 Chánh

điện/điện thờ

Main sanctuary/hall /ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/

The main hall is decorated with many

statues made out of wood and terracotta.

31 Chanh vỏ

vàng

Lemon

/ˈ lem.ə n/

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160

32 Chanh vỏ

xanh

Lime

/laɪ m/

Limes and lemons are from the same

citrus fruit family rich in vitamin C but

different in color.

33 Châu Âu

Europe (n).

 European (n):

người Châu Âu

/ˈ jʊ rə p/

/ˌ jʊ rə ˈ piː ə n/

The front of the pagoda is designed in a

style that mixes European and Asian

architecture.

34 Chi lưu/nhánh Branch (n)

/bræntʃ /

As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it

broadens and is eventually divided into

two main branches – the Upper River and

the Lower River.

35 Chiến hạm

Warship (n)

/ˈ wɔ ː rʃ ɪ p/

In 1861, the hero Nguyen Trung Truc

burned down the L’Esperance Warship at

Nhat Tao canal.

36 Chợ nổi

Floating market

/ˈ flə ʊ tɪ ŋ/

/ˈ mɑ ː kɪ t/

-The tropical fruits are transported on

small boats to floating markets where they

are sold to wholesale dealers.

-Floating markets are held every morning

from 5:00 to about 9:00.

37 Chổng chéo/

chằng chịt

nhau

Criss-cross (n)

/ˈ krɪ s krɔ ː s/



a criss-cross of streets.



The delta is quite flat and

criss-crossed by rivers and canals.

38 Chữ cái

Latinh

Latin alphabet

/ˈ lætn/ /ˈ ælfə bet/

How many letters are there in the English

alphabet?

39 Chữ triện

Seal character

/siː l/ /ˈ kærə ktə r/

-Idioms: my lips are sealed (kín như bưng)

(used to say that you will not repeat

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161 40 Chua

Sour (adj)

/ˈ saʊ ə r/



sour apples



a sour flavour

 sweet-and-sour: chua ngọt

41 Chúa Nguyễn The Nguyen Lord

/lɔ ː rd/

-The Nguyen Lords set up their

administration in the late 17

century.

-Idioms: Lord (only) knows (what, where,

why, etc.)… - CÓ CHÚA MỚI BIẾT!

Ex: “Why did she say that?” - “Lord

knows!”

42 Chuẩn Đề Bồ

Tát

Mother of 5

Buddhas of

Cardinal Directions

/ˈ mʌ ðə r/

/ˈ kɑ ː rdɪ nl/

/dɪ ˈ rekʃ n/

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162 

All rooms have private facilities (= a

private bathroom).

44 Con đuông

dừa

(live) Larva coconut

worm

(pl. larvae)

/ˈ lɑ ː rvə /

/ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/

/wɜ ː rm/

/ˈ lɑ ː viː /

-Worms live on the tops of coconut trees.

They are white, fat and as big as the little

fingers.

-The most popular dish in local restaurants

is fresh worms served with chili

fish-sauce.

45 Cồn Lân

Unicorn island

/ˈ juː .nɪ .kɔ ː rn/-

/ˈ aɪ .lə nd/

Unicorn Island is one of four outstanding

islands (Phoenix island, Dragon Island and

Turtle island) of Mekong river.

46 Cồn Long

Dragon island

/ˈ dræɡ .ə n/-

/ˈ aɪ .lə nd/

Dragon Island is the most populated island

of all 4 islands.

Bee honey tea and the rice-wine are

characteristics in this island.

47 Con nai

Deer (n)

/dɪ ə (r)/

48 Con nghêu

Clam

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163 49 Cồn Phụng

Phoenix island

/ˈ fiː .nɪ ks/-

/ˈ aɪ .lə nd/

Located 3 km from My Tho, the Phoenix

island is also known as the island of the

coconut religion.

50 Cồn Quy

Turtle island

/ˈ tɜ ː rtl/-

/ˈ aɪ .lə nd/

En-route we stopped on Turtle Island to

see handicrafts of coconut and candy that

are made there.

51 Cồn/đảo

Island (n)

/ˈ aɪ lə nd/





a group of tropical islands.

He owns a house on the island.

52 Cổng tam

quan

Three-door entrance

/θriː / /dɔ ː r/

/ˈ entrə ns/

-Differing from the other traditional

pagodas, this pagoda hasn't gotthe

three-door entrance.

53 Công viên

phần mềm

Software Park

/ˈ sɔ ː ftwer/

/pɑ ː rk/

Ho Chi Minh City is one of the

technological centers of the country. You

can find The Quang Trung Software Park

in District 12 and The Saigon Hi-tech Park

in District 9.

54 Đặc sản

Specalty (n)

Speciality (n)

Speciality

/ˈ speʃ ə lti/

/,spə ʃ i'æliti/

/ˌ speʃ .iˈ æl.ə .ti/



Local specialities: đặc sản địa

phương.



local speciality (đặt sản địa phương)

Tien Giang Province is well known for its

production of speciality - mango and milk

fruit.

55 Đám cưới

Wedding (n)

/ˈ wedɪ ŋ/

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164 56 Đám tang

Funeral (n)

/ˈ fjuː nə rə l/

-Hundreds of people attended the funeral.

- A funeral march (nhạc đám ma)

-Idioms: it’s your funeral (đó là việc riêng

của anh)

57 Đàn bầu

Monochord (n)

/ˈ mɒ nə kɔ ː rd/

Đan Bau is a Vietnamese monochord, a

traditional one-string musical instrument.

58 Đàn nguyệt

(kìm)

Moon-shapedlute

/muː n-ʃ eɪ pt/

/luː t/

According to ancient carvings, the

moon-shaped lute appeared in Vietnam in the

11th century.

59 Đàn nhị (cò)

Two-stringed fiddle

/tuː /-/strɪ ŋd/

/ˈ fɪ dl/

The đan nhi (also called đàn cò) is a

Vietnamese bowed string instrument with

two strings.

60 Dân số

Population (n)

/ˌ pɑ ː pjuˈ leɪ ʃ n/ Vietnam has a population of nearly 92

million.

61 Dân tộc thiểu

số

Ethnic minority

/ˈ eθnɪ k/

/maɪ ˈ nɔ ː rə ti/

The school has 70% of ethnic minority

students.

62 Đàn tranh

Vietnamese

sixteen-stringed

zither

sixteen-chord zither

/ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/

/ˌ sɪ ksˈ tiː

n-strɪ ŋd/

/ˈ zɪ ðə r/

The Vietnamese sixteen-stringed zither

appeared in Vietnam in the time of the

Tran dynasty (12th-13th centuries).

63 Đắng

Bitter (adj)

/ˈ bɪ tə r/

-The drink tasted bitter.

-Black coffee leaves a bitter taste in the

mouth.

*Idioms:

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165 (a fact or an event that is unpleasant and

difficult to accept) “sự thật cay đắng”

64 Đạo Hồi

Islam (n)

 Islamic (adj):

thuộc về Hồi

giáo

/ɪ zˈ lɑ ː m/

/ɪ zˈ lɑ ː mɪ k/

You can find the Cham minority in An

Giang Province, who are mostly Islamic

followers.

65 Đạo Khổng

Confucianism (n)

 Confucius:

Khổng Tử

/kə nˈ fjuː ʃ ə nɪ z

ə m/

-Hictorically, traditional family structures

in Vietnam were strongly influenced by

Confucianism.

-Confucius lived to the age 73.

66 Đạo Phật

Buddhism (n)

 Buddhist:

Phật tử

 Buddha (n)

Phật/tượng Phật

 Theravada

(Southern

Buddhism

 Mahayana

(Northern

Buddhism)

/ˈ bʊ dɪ zə m/

/ˈ bʊ dɪ st/

/ˈ bʊ də /

/ˌ θerə ˈ vɑ ː də /

/ˌ mɑ ː hə ˈ jɑ ː nə

/



Buddhism has the greatest number

of followers in Vietnam.



Most of Khmer ethnic people follow

Theravada Buddhism.



There are about 600 Khmer

Theravada pagodas in the Mekong

Delta.

67 Đạo Thiên

Chúa

Christianity (n)

 Catholic (n): tín

đồ Cơng giáo

/ˌ krɪ stiˈ ỉnə ti/

/ˈ kæθlɪ k/

- Christianity is the religion that is based

on the teachings of Jesus Christ and the

belief that he was the son of God.

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166 68 Di chỉ khảo cổ Archeological site

/ˌ ɑ ː rkiə ˈ lɑ ː dʒ

ɪ kl//saɪ t/

Long An province is well known for the

Bình Tả archeological sites.

69 Di sản

Heritage (n)

 Intangible

Cultural

Heritage: Di sản

văn hóa phi vật

thể

/ˈ herɪ tɪ dʒ /

/ɪ nˈ tændʒ ə bl/

-The country has a long and proud

heritage.

-Folk songs are part of our common

heritage.

-Art of Amateur Folk Music in Southern

Vietnam was recognized as the Intangible

Cultural Heritage by Unesco in 2013.

70 Địa hình

Topography (n)

/tə ˈ pɒ ɡ rə fi/

The map shows the topography of the

island.

71 Địa Tạng

Vương Bồ Tát

King of Hell

/kɪ ŋ/ /ə v/ /hel/

72 Điểm đến

Destination (n)

/ˌ destɪ ˈ neɪ ʃ n/

- to arrive at/reach your destination.

Ex: At around 3.00

p.m. we reached our

final destination.

Ex2: The island is an ideal holiday

destination.

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167

73 Diện tích/Khu

vực

Area (n)

/ˈ eriə /

Meadow Farm is 50 square kilometers in

area.

74 Điêu khắc

Sculpture (n)

 sculptor (n) nhà

điêu khắc

/ˈ skʌ lptʃ ə r/

The statue of Amida Buddha in the Phat

Tich Pagoda was one of the first works of

Buddhist sculpture in the North of

Vietnam.

75 Định cư/ổn

định

Settle (v) +in…

/ˈ setl/

The Chinese came to settle in the present

Cho Lon in 1778.

76 Đồ sứ/sành

Porcelain (n)

/ˈ pɔ ː rsə lɪ n/



a collection of oriental porcelain.



The design is copied from Japanese

porcelains of the fourteenth century.

77 Đồ thủ công

mỹ nghệ

Handicraft (n)

(North American

English also

handcraft)

/ˈ hændikræft/



Handicraft Villages = Làng nghề.

Traditional handicrafts bought by

tourists.

78 Độc tấu/đơn

ca

(play a) solo (v)…

/ˈ soʊ loʊ /

After three years with the band he decided

to go solo.

79 Đội quân tóc

dài

Long-hair Army

/ˈ lɔ ː ŋher/

/ˈ ɑ ː rmi/

Ben Tre province is the homeland of “the

long-hair army” in the war against the US

and Saigon administration.

80 Đờn ca tài tử

(Vietnamese)

Amateur folk music

/ˈ æmə tə r//foʊ k/

/ˈ mjuː zɪ k/

The first ever national Don Ca Tai Tu

Festival was held in Bac Lieu Province

from April 20 to 25, 2014.

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168

82 Đồng bằng

(sông)

Delta (n)

/ˈ deltə /

The Mekong Delta was established 2500

years ago.

83 Đông đúc/rậm

rạp

Dense (adj)

 densely (adv)

/dens/



a dense forest.



areas of dense population.

Ex: With more than 17 million inhabitants,

Mekong Delta is one of the most densely

populated regions in Vietnam.

84 Đóng gói

Package (v)/(n)

/ˈ pỉkɪ dʒ /

Finnally, you group and swap candy into

packages.(n): bưu kiện, gói hàng

85 Du lịch sinh

thái

Eco-tourism (n)

/ˈ iː kə ʊ tɔ ː rɪ zə

m/ (UK)

/ˈ iː koʊ tʊ rɪ zə m/

(US)

Some of the most popular attractions to

travelers in Dong Thap Province are

flower villages of Sa Dec, Tram Chim

National Park, Xeo Quit ecotourism site.

86 Dừa nước

Nipa (nipa palm)

/ˈ niː pə /

-The leaves of nipa palm are one of the

most commonly used material for

thatching.

-Leaves of the nipa palm are used by

locals as roof material for thatched houses

87 Đường chim

bay

as the crow flies

/kroʊ //flaɪ z/

Ho Chi Minh City is about 1760km from

Hanoi Capital City by land and 50km to

the East as the crow flies.

88 Đường hầm

Tunnel (n)

/ˈ tʌ nl/

The Thu Thiem Tunnel is an underground

road tunnel designed to cross the Saigon

River in Ho Chi Minh City.

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169 90 Gấu

Bear

/beə (r)/

-Bears do love honey and are attracted to

beehives.

-Idioms: like a bear with a sore head (cáu

kỉnh, gắt gỏng)

I should keep out of his way. He’s like a

bear with a sore head this morning.

91 Ghe tam bản

Sampan (n)

/ˈ sampan/

Sampan is the major means of transport

for people in Mekong Delta.

92 Ghita phím

lõm

Vietnamese

sunken-fret guitar (A guitar

with a sunken fret)

/ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/

/ˈ sʌ ŋkə n-fret/

/ɡ ɪ ˈ tɑ ː r/

In 1930, the Vietnamese sunken-fret guitar

was added in Amateur Folk Music’s

instruments.

93 Gia vị

Spice (n)

/spaɪ s/

-Spices have a strong taste and smell.

-Common spices such as ginger and

cinnamon.

-Idioms:



the spice of life: gia vị cuộc sống

Ex: We need an exciting trip to add

some spice to our lives.

94 Giao thông

Traffic (n)

[uncountable]

 Sea traffic

 Road traffic

 Rail traffic

 River traffic

 Air traffic

/ˈ træfɪ k/



heavy/rush-hour traffic: giao thông

vào giờ cao điểm

-We were stuck in heavy traffic for over

an hour.

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170 95 Gỗ mít

Jack-fruit tree wood

/ˈ dʒ ak – fruː t/

/triː / /wʊ d/

This statue is made from jackfruit tree

wood.

96 Góp ý

Offer/make a

suggestion = to

contribute one’s

idea

/sə ɡ ˈ dʒ estʃ ə n/

-We are always open to suggestions.

-If nobody has any other/further

suggestions, we’ll move on.

97 Gừng

Ginger

/ˈ dʒ ɪ ndʒ ə r/



ginger ale = gingerade: thức uống

ướp gừng.



gingerly (adj) = thận trọng, cẩn thận.



Bettter comes with ages = Gừng

càng già càng cay.

98 Hàng mẫu,

mẫu thử

Sample (n)

/ˈ sæm.pə l/



a blood sample.



samples of tissue.



Coconut candy samples.

99 Hành khách

Passenger =

traveller, tourist.

 Fellow passenger

(n)

/

ˈ pæsɪ ndʒ ə (r)

Ex1: A taxi is picking up a passenger

outside the hotel.

Ex2: She introduced me to some of her

fellow tourist(bạn đồng hành)

100 Hành lang

Corridor (n)

/ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/



a corridor that leads to the kitchen.

Go along the corridor, turn left, and you’ll

see his office in front of you.

101 Hành lý

Luggage = Baggage

/ˈ lʌ ɡ ɪ dʒ /

/ˈ bæɡ ɪ dʒ /

- Can I leave my hand-luggage here?

- The car has a lot of luggage space.

102 Hình chữ nhật

Rectangle (n)

Rectangular (adj)

/'rek,tæɳ gl/

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171 103 Hoa cúc

Chrysanthemum

/Daisy

/krɪ ˈ sænθə mə m/

Buddhists use Chrysanthemums as

offerings on altars because they

symbolizes powerful Yang energy. (Yin

and Yang: âm dương - in Chinese

philosophy)

104 Hoa lan

Orchid (n)

/ˈ ɔ ː rkɪ d/

The Orchid is a symbol of perfection and

elegance.

105 Hoa mai

Apricot (n)

blossom (n)

/ˈ æprɪ kɑ ː t/

/'blɔ sə m/

Apricot and peach trees are the signal of

spring season.

106 Hoa mẫu đơn

Peony (Flower)

(pl. peonies)

/ˈ piː ə ni/

The Peony is the national flower of China.

107 Hoành phi

Horizontal

lacquered board

(engraved with

Chinese character)

= Horizontal Panels

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172 108 Hoành thánh

Wonton (n)

 Dim sum = điểm

tâm

 Há cảo = Shrimp

dumpling

 Sủi cảo = Pork

dumpling

 Cháo quẩy =

Finger-shaped

soufflé batter/

fried bread sticks

/ˌ wɒ nˈ tɒ n/

/ˌ dɪ m ˈ sʌ m/

My wife had the chicken and mushroom

soup, while I had duck noodles and fried

wontons and beer.

109 Hội nhập

Integration (n)

/ˌ ɪ ntɪ ˈ ɡ reɪ ʃ n/

The theme of the third Coconut Festival

2012 is “Ben Tre Province on the way to

Integration and Development”.

110 Hòn non bộ

Rockery (n)

(pl. rockeries)

(also rock garden)

/ˈ rɑ ː kə ri/ (US)

/ˈ rɒ kə ri/ (UK)

There is a rockery courtyard behind the

temple.



open-air courtyards (sân Thiên Tỉnh)

111 Hợp tác

Cooperation (n)

/koʊ ˌ ɑ ː pə ˈ reɪ

ʃ n/

On behalf of ABC Company, I’d like to

thank all of you for your cooperation and

for joining our tour.

112 Hướng dẫn

viên

Tour guide = a

person who shows

other people the

way to a place,

especially

somebody

/tʊ ə (r)ɡ aɪ d/

Ex1: I will be your tour guide during the

next few hours.

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173 employed to show

tourists around

interesting places.

113 Huyền thoại

Legend (n)

/ˈ ledʒ ə nd/



the legend of Robin Hood



Legend says that the forest is cursed.



Legends say that Vietnam has a

history of four thousand years and

that Vietnamese are descendants of a

Dragon King and Fairy Queen.

114 Kênh đào

Canal (n)

/kə ˈ næl/



The delta is quite flat and

criss-crossed by rivers and canals.

115 Khí hậu

Climate (n)

/ˈ klaɪ mə t/

The city has a warm climate.

 Nhiệt đới gió mùa: tropical climate

 Mùa khô: dry season

 Mùa mưa: rainy season

116 Khởi hành

Depart (v) = to

leave a place,

especially to start a

trip.

 Departure (n)

---

Opposite: Arrive (v)

/d

ɪ ˈ pɑ ː t/

/d

ɪ ˈ pɑ ː tʃ ə r/

/

ə ˈ raɪ v/

- Departure position (n): điểm xuất phát.

- Depart (for…) (from…): Flights for

Rome depart from Terminal 3.

Ex1: She waited until the last of the guests

had departed.

Ex2: Ladies and gentlemen, our bus will

depart in 2 minutes.

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174

117 Khu bảo tồn

sinh quyển

Biosphere reserve

/ˈ baɪ ə ʊ sfɪ ə (r)//r

ɪ ˈ zɜ ː rv/

Can Gio District is home to Can Gio

Mangrove Forest, which has been listed

as the biosphere reserve by Unesco in

2000.

118 Khu công

nghệ cao

Hi-tech Park

/haɪ -tek/ /pɑ ː rk/

Ho Chi Minh City is one of the

technological centers of the country. You

can find The Quang Trung Software Park

in District 12 and The Saigon Hi-tech Park

in District 9.

119 Khu công

nghiệp

Industrial Zone

/ɪ nˈ dʌ striə l//zoʊ n

/

There are many industrial zones in Ho Chi

Minh City nowadays, such as: Tan Binh,

Tan Tao, Song Than and etc.

120 Khu tưởng

niệm

Memorial Complex

/mə ˈ mɔ ː riə l/

/kə mˈ pleks/

-Nguyen Dinh Chieu Memorial Complex

-Nguyen Thi Dinh Memorial Complex

121 Khuấy/trộn

Stir (v)(n)

=mix

/stɜ ː r/



stir something.

She stirred her tea.

Stir the paint before you use it.



stir something in.

Stir in the milk until the sauce thickens.



Idioms: “stir the blood” (to make

somebody excited) khuấy động…

122 Kiến trúc

Architecture

/ˈ ɑ ː rkɪ tektʃ ə r/

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175 123 La Hán

Arhat

 18 Arhats

/ˈ ɑ ː hə t/

The most valuable collection is the 18

Arhats made from jackfruit tree wood in

1907.

124 Làng nghề

truyền thống

Traditional career

village

/trə ˈ dɪ ʃ ə nl/

/kə ˈ rɪ r/

/ˈ vɪ lɪ dʒ /

You can visit some of traditional career

villages in Ho Chi Minh City, such as:

Betel leaves and vegetables growing in Hoc

Mon District, Lacquer village in Cu Chi

District,…

125 Lập dị, quái

gở

Eccentric (n-adj)

/ɪ kˈ sentrɪ k/

Most people considered him as eccentric.

126 Lễ hội dừa

Coconut Festival

/ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/

/ˈ festɪ vl/

The fourth Coconut Festival was

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176 127 Lên xe

Get on/in

---

Opposite: Get off

/get/ /ɔ n/

/get/ /ɔ :f/

Get in a car

Get on a train/bus

Ex: Get on the vehicle and take your seats,

please.

128 Lịch trình

Itinerary (n)

(pl. itineraries) = a

plan of a journey,

including the route

and the places that

you visit.

/aɪ ˈ tɪ nə rə ri/

Let me introdude the itinerary of the day.

Your itinerary includes a visit to

Stonehenge.

 a detailed itinerary

We had to follow a very detailed itinerary.

He drew up a detailed itinerary.

129 Liễn đối

Vertical parallel

panels (engraved

with Chinese

character) = Parallel

sentences

/ˈ vɜ ː rtɪ kl/

/ˈ pærə lel/

/ˈ pænl/

The pagoda has many horizontal lacquered

boards and parallel sentences.

130 Lời ca khúc

Lyric (n)/(adj)

/ˈ lɪ rɪ k/

Lyric songs = ca khúc trữ tình.???

Lyric poetry = thơ trữ tình???./ poetry

which is in the form of songsand reveals

the poet’s personal thoughts.

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177 

The child was in floods of tears

(= crying a lot).

132 Lươn

Eel (n)

/iː l/



as slippery as an eel (trơn tuột như

lươn)



be slippery as an eel (lủi như chạch)



electric eel = cá chình điện, lươn

điện.

133 Mạch nha

Malt syrup (n)

/mɔ ː lt/ /ˈ sɪ rə p/

Mix the coconut milk with malt syrup and

cook the mixture.

134 Mắm ruốc

Shrimp paste

/ʃ rɪ mp/ /peɪ st/

Shrimp paste is often an ingredient in dip

for fish or vegetables.

135 Mãng cầu (na) Custard apple (n)

/ˈ kʌ stə d, æpl/

In Vietnam, there are basically two kinds

of custard apples: firm and soft.

136 Mật ong

Honey (n)

/ˈ hʌ ni/

-Honey bag: bọng ong

-Honey skin: da bánh mật

137 Màu mỡ, phì

nhiêu

Fertile (adj)

/ˈ fɜ ː rtl/



a fertile region/valley.

Mekong Delta is considered as the most

fertile region of Vietnam.

138 Mềm

Tender (adj)

/ˈ tendə r/

-This meat is extremely tender.

-Boil the beans until they are tender.

-Idioms: at a tender age, at the tender age

of…

(used in connection with somebody who is

still young and does not have much

experience)

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178 Ex: She shouldn't be having to deal with

problems like this at such a tender age.

139 Men rượu

Yeast (n)

 Fermentation: sự

lên men

/jiː st/

/ˌ fɜ ː menˈ teɪ ʃ n/

-Yeast is used to make beer and wine.

-Sugar is converted into alcohol by a

process of fermentation.

140 Môn đồ

Disciple (n)

/dɪ ˈ saɪ pl/

-She is the beloved disciple of Jesus.

-18 Arhats are the eighteen disciples of

Buddha.

141 Mơn Nước

/ˈ tỉr.ə ʊ / (UK)

/ˈ ter.oʊ / (US)

The locals called this place "Hóc Mơn",

meaning "the corner with taro".

142 Mực nang

Cuttlefish (n)

/ˈ kʌ tlfɪ ʃ /



Partially-dried cuttlefish (Mực một

nắng)

143 Muối

Salt

 Salty (adj) mặn

/sɔ ː lt/

/ˈ sɔ ː lti/



pepper-and-salt (adj): tóc hoa râm,

tóc muối tiêu



white salt = muối ăn

144 Mứt

Marmalade = Jam

/ˈ mɑ ː rmə leɪ d/

/dʒ æm/



Strawberry jam.



Idioms: “be in a jam”

(informal) to be in a difficult situation

145 Nạo (dừa)

Grate (v)

/ɡ reɪ t/

Grate the copra and press them to extract

the coconut milk.

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179 147 Ngoại thành/ô Suburban (n)

/sə ˈ bɜ ː rbə n/

Binh Chanh is one of the suburban

districts in Ho Chi Minh City.

148 Ngọc Hoàng

Jade Emperor

= King of Heaven

/dʒ eɪ d/

/ˈ empə rə r/

-Do not place the Jade Emperor statue on

the floor or in your bathroom and kitchen.

-The Jade Emperor Pagoda is located at 73

Mai Thi Luu Street, District 1, Ho Chi

Minh City, Vietnam.

149 Ngọt

Sweet (adj)

/swiː t/

-I need a cup of hot sweet tea.

-You look sweet in this photograph.

-We stayed in a sweet little hotel on the

seafront.

-Idioms: keep somebody sweet (mật ngọt

chết ruồi)

Ex: You’d better keep her sweet if you

want her to lend you the money.

150 Người ăn

chay

Vegetarian (n)

 Vegan (n) người

ăn chay trường

/ˌ vedʒ ə ˈ teriə n/

/ˈ viː ɡ ə n/

-Are you a vegetarian?

-I’m a strict vegan.

151 Người bán

hàng rong

Vendor(s)

/ˈ vendə r/



Street vendors.

Jewellery, food and beverage are offered

by street vendors at every corner.

152 Nguyên

chất/tinh khiết

Pure (adj)

/pjʊ ə (r)/

-These shirts are 100% pure cotton.

-There are many beaches of pure white

sand in Vietnam.

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180 153 Nhà cổ

Ancient house

/ˈ eɪ nʃ ə nt/ /haʊ s/ Binh Thuy Ancient House is a historical

and architectural spot in this area.

154 Nhà lá

Thatched House

(Vietnamese

thatched cottage)

/θætʃ t/ /haʊ s/

The farmer's thatched house is built

normally for practical uses rather than

beauty.

155 Nhà trăm cột

100-pillar ancient

house

/ˈ hʌ ndrə

d/-/ˈ pɪ lə r/ /haʊ s/

Though it is called the 100-pillar house, it

has a total of 120 pillars, with 68 of them

main pillars.

156 Nhà yêu nước Patriot (n)

/ˈ peɪ triə t/

This pagoda provided shelter for

Vietnamese patriots during the American

War.

157 Nhạc cụ

Musical instrument

/ˈ mjuː zɪ kl/

/ˈ ɪ nstrə mə nt/

Traditional musical instrument: nhạc cụ

truyền thống

158 Nhạc sĩ

Musician/Composer

/mjuˈ zɪ ʃ n/

/kə mˈ poʊ zə r/

-Early works of a composer: tác phẩm đầu

tay của nhạc sĩ.

-The hundredth anniversary of the

composer’s death: lễ kỷ niệm lần thứ 100

ngày mất của nhà soạn nhạc.

159 Nhang

Incense

- An incense stich:

cây nhang

- Incense burner: lư

hương

/ˈ ɪ nsens/

/ˈ bɜ ː rnə r/



Incense isburned in a corner of the

room.



This incense burner was made of

ceramic that was shipped here from

China.

160 Nọc độc

Venom/Poison

/ˈ venə m/



Tongue full of venom: miệng lưỡi

độc ác.

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181 

Snake venoms work in several ways.

161 Nội thành/ô

Urban (n)

/ˈ ɜ ː rbə n/

There are 24 urban and suburban districts

in Ho Chi Minh City.

162 Nội thất

Interior

Oposite: Exterior

(ngoại thất)

/ɪ nˈ tɪ ə riə (r)/

/ɪ kˈ stɪ ə riə (r)

The original interior of the house has been

replaced.

163 Nước cốt dừa

Coconut milk

-Copra (n) cơm

dừa (the dried meat

of the coconut from

which oil is

extracted)

/ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/

/mɪ lk/

/ˈ kɑ ː prə /

Grate the copra and press them to extract

the coconut milk.

164 Nước giải

khát/nước

ngọt

Soft drink

 International

beverage

company

/sɔ ː ft/ /drɪ ŋk/

-“Xá xị”/Sarsiis one of the soft drink that

does not contain alcohol in Vietnam.

-Do you fancy a soft drink with the meal?

165 Nước tương

Soy sauce (n)

(soya sauce)

/ˌ sɔ ɪ ˈ sɔ ː s/

Soy sauce is a thin dark brown sauce that

is made from soya beans and has a salty

taste, used in Asian cooking.

166 Nuôi trăn

Breeding of python

/ˈ briː dɪ ŋ/

/ˈ paɪ θə n/

A lot of people here earn a living by

breeding of python and growing lotus.

167 Phấn hoa

Pollen (n)

/ˈ pɒ lə n/

These bees visited flowers in search of

pollen.

168 Phật Đản

Sanh

Buddha at Birth

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə t/

/bɜ ː rθ/

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182 169 Phật Di Lạc

Buddha of the

Future

= Laughing Buddha

= Prosperity

Buddha

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/ /ðə /

/ˈ fjuː tʃ ə (r)/

You should purchase a Laughing Buddha

statue with gold nuggets. It is believed he

will bring wealth and prosperity to a home

or business.

170 Phật Dược Sư Medicinal Buddha

/mə ˈ dɪ sɪ nl/

/ˈ bʊ də /

Medicinal Buddha is the Buddha of

healing and medicine in Mahayana

Buddhism.

171 Phật Thích Ca Sakyamuni Buddha / 'ʃ aː .kjə .mʊ .nɪ /

The Buddha who is the founder of the

Buddhism religion is called Buddha

Shakyamuni.

172 Phó bảng

Junior Doctor

/ˈ dʒ uː niə r/

/ˈ dɑ ː ktə r/

Tomb of Junior Doctor Nguyen Sinh Sac

is the famous group of cultural, historical

relics of Đong Thap Province.

173 Phong thủy

Feng-shui (n)

/ˌ feŋ ˈ ʃ uː i/ =

/ˌ fʊ ŋ ˈ ʃ weɪ /



a Chinese system for deciding the

right position for a building and for

placing objects inside a building in

order to make people feel

comfortable and happy.

174 Phong tục

Custom (n)

/ˈ kʌ stə m/

- The custom died out in the 19th century.

- It is the custom in that country for

women to marry young.

*Customs = Hải quan.

175 Phổ Hiền Bồ

Tát

Buddha of

Universal

Knowledge

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/

/ˌ juː nɪ ˈ vɜ ː rsl/

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183 176 Phụ xế

Driver Assistant (n)

/

ɪ stə nt/

ˈ draɪ və (r)//ə ˈ s

The driver assistant will take care ofthe

machine in action and keep our bus clean.

177 Phục Hưng

Renaissance

/rɪ ˈ neɪ sns/ (UK)

/ˈ renə sɑ ː ns/ (US)

It features both Asian and European

Renaissance.

178 Phương thuốc/

Thần dược

Remedy (n)

(pl. remedies)

/ˈ remə di/



a herbal remedy.



Beyond remedy: vô phương cứu

chữa.

-Ginger is a popular remedy for morning

sickness.

-The best home remedy for a sore throat is

honey and lemon.

179 Quả địa cầu

globe

/ɡ loʊ b/

tourists from every corner of the globe

180 Quản lý/quản

trị

Administration (n)

/ə dˌ mɪ nɪ ˈ streɪ

ʃ n/

Commander Nguyen Huu Canh was sent

by the Nguyen Lords to establish the first

Vietnamese administration called Gia

Dinh city in 1698.

181 Quan Thế Âm Goddess of Mercy

/ˈ ɡ ɒ də s/ /ə v/

/ˈ mɜ ː rsi/

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184 182 Rắn hổ mang

Cobra

/ˈ koʊ brə /

Snakes, mostly pythons and cobras are

raised for producing venom and antivenin,

for skins and for food.

183 Rau muống

luộc

Boiled morning

glory

/bɔ ɪ ld/

/ˈ mɔ ː rnɪ ŋ/

/ˈ ɡ lɔ ː ri/

In the Southern Vietnam, morning glory is

often chopped into thin fish-sauce and

eaten as salad or served with many kinds

of noodles.

184 Rừng ngập

mặn

Mangrove Forest

/ˈ mæŋɡ roʊ v//ˈ fɔ

ː rɪ st/

My guests got lost in the mangrove forest.

185 Rượu đế

Rice-wine

/raɪ s/ /waɪ n/

10 kilograms of rice can produce 7 to 8

liters of the strong rice-wine (or 10 liters

of the weak kind)

186 Sân chim

Vàm Hồ

Vàm Hồ Bird

Sanctuary

/bɜ ː rd/

/ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/

Vam Ho Bird Sanctuary is a famous

tourist attraction of Ben Tre Province.

187 Sáo trúc

Bamboo flute

/ˌ bæmˈ buː //fluː t/ Vietnamese often play bamboo on the

fields when taking a rest.

188 Sắt

Iron (n)

/ˈ aɪ ə rn/

The central Iron Gate is always closed.

189 Song lan

(loan)

Percussion (n)

/pə rˈ kʌ ʃ n/

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185

190 Song tấu/song

ca

Duet (n)

/duˈ et/



a piano duet



The host of the show did a duet with

one of the guests.



a duet for piano and violin

191 Sơn mài

Lacquer (n)

/ˈ lækə r/

You can visit some of traditional career

villages in Ho Chi Minh City, such as:

Betel leaves and vegetables growing in Hoc

Mon District, Lacquer village in Cu Chi

District,…

192 Sông Hậu

Lower/Bassac River /ˈ loʊ ə r//ˈ rɪ və r/

As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it

broadens and is eventually divided into

two main branches – the Upper River and

the Lower River.

193 Sông Tiền

Upper River

/ˈ ʌ pə r//ˈ rɪ və r/

As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it

broadens and is eventually divided into

two main branches – the Upper River and

the Lower River.

194 Sự cấp

bách/khẩn cấp

Emergency (n)

(pl. emergencies)

/iˈ mɜ ː rdʒ ə nsi/

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186  Trạm cấp cứu:

first-aid station

-This door should only be used in an

emergency

195 Tài năng

Talent (n)

/ˈ tælə nt/



Talent (for something/for doing

something): they have a talent for

literature and music.

The festival attracts talent from all over

the country.

196 Tài xế

Driver (n) = a

person who drives a

vehicle

/

ˈ draɪ və (r)/

- A bus/train/ambulance/taxi driver.

Ex: Let me introduce our driver today:

Mr.Bảo. He is very funny and careful.

197 Tam tấu/tam

ca

Trio (n)

/ˈ triː oʊ /



a trio for piano

198 Táo quân

Kitchen God

/ˈ kɪ tʃ ɪ n/ /ɡ ɒ d/

The Vietnamese believe that Kitchen God

takes care of the kitchen and protects the

family.

199 Tàu không

gian

(space) shuttle

/ˈ ʃ ʌ tl/



Shuttle bus: xe buýt chạy tuyến

đường ngắn.

200 Thặng dư

Surplus (n)

/ˈ sɜ ː rplə s/

Mekong Delta is considered the country’s

rice basket that produces enough rice to

feed the country and a surplus for export.

201 Thánh địa

Đạo Dừa

Holy land of

Coconut Religion

(Medium Religion)

/ˈ hoʊ li/ /lænd/ /ə v/

/ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/

/rɪ ˈ lɪ dʒ ə n/

Next, we will visit Phoenix Island and find

out the Holy land of Coconut Religion.

202 Thế kỷ

Century (n)

(pl. centuries)

/ˈ sentʃ ə ri/

- It was built in the 20th century.

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187 = a period of 100

years

- Idioms: the turn of the century/year.

Ex: It was built at the turn of the century.

203 Thiền định

Meditation (n)

/ˌ med.ə ˈ teɪ .ʃ ə n/



religious meditation (sự thiền định)



meditations on the cause of society’s

evils (sự suy ngẫm về những điều ác

trong xã hội)

204 Thiêng liêng

Sacred (adj)

/ˈ seɪ krɪ d/



a sacred image/shrine/temple.

205 Thịt kho tàu

Stewed pork with

caramel/ Braised

pork

(Pork braised in

coconut juice with

eggs)

/stjuː d/ /pɔ ː rk/

/ˈ kærə mel/

Stewed pork with caramel is one of the

many classic examples of Vietnamese

home-cooking at its best.

206 Thờ cúng

Worship (n)(v)

/ˈ wɜ ː rʃ ɪ p/

Ancestor worship in Vietnam is not a

religion.

207 Thùng gỗ

Vat (of wood)

/væt/



a vat of whisky.



VAT /ˌ viː eɪ ˈ tiː / - the

abbreviation for “value added tax”.

208 Thuốc Bắc

Chinese traditional

medicine

/ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/

/trə ˈ dɪ ʃ ə nl/

/ˈ medɪ sn/

There are many stores in Cho Lon selling

Chinese traditional medicine.

 Idioms: Laughter is the best medicine.

(Một nụ cười bằng 10 thang thuốc bổ)

209 Thuốc chữa

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188 (pl. colonies)

 Colonial (adj):

thực dân

 Colonialism (n):

chủ nghĩa thực

dân

/kə ˈ loʊ niə l/

/kə ˈ loʊ niə lɪ zə m

/



a colonial power

Ex: The history of tobacco growing is

associated with colonialism and slavery.

(/ˈ sleɪ və ri/ sự chiếm hữu nô lệ)

211 Thượng

tọa/Sư trụ trì

The Venerable

(n)(adj)

/ˈ venə rə bl/

Built in 1849 by the Venerable Huệ Đăng,

Vĩnh Tràng Pagoda is one of the biggest

Pagodas in the Mekong Delta.

212 Tiềm năng

Potential (adj)/(n)

/pə ˈ tenʃ l/





Economic development potential.

Potential tourism.

213 Tỏi

Garlic (n)

/ˈ ɡ ɑ ː rlɪ k/

Garlic is a vegetable of the onion family

with a very strong taste and smell, used in

cooking to give flavour to food.

214 Tổ ong

Beehive (n)

/ˈ biː haiv/

You might wear a protective suit, with a

hat and netting that covers your face, when

you are collecting or checking on your

beehives, to avoid being stung.

215 Trà

Tea (n)

/tiː /



tea plant (cây trà)



tea with milk (trà sữa)



lemon tea (trà chanh)



iced tea (trà đá)



jasmine tea (trà lài)

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189

216 Trái bưởi

(chùm)

Pomelo

/ˈ pɒ mə lə ʊ /

217 Trái chôm

chôm

Rambutan

/ramˈ b(j)uː t(ə )n/

The Rambutan has its origin in the tropical

low-lands of Malaysia. Today, the

rambutan is grown in the Mekong Delta of

Vietnam.

218 Trái chuối

Banana

/bə ˈ næn.ə /



a bunch of bananas (1 nải chuối)



Idioms (slang): go bananas = nổi

điên.

(He lost his job and just went

bananas).

219 Trái đu đủ

Papaya

/pə 'paiə /

Vietnamese Green Papaya salad with

shrimp is one of my favourite dishes.

220 Trái dứa

(thơm)

Pineapple

/ˈ paɪ nˌ æp.ə l/

Idioms: the rough end of the pineapple

(Australian English, informal) a situation

in which somebody is treated badly or

unfairly.

221 Trái dưa hấu

Watermelon

/ˈ wɔ ː tə mɛ lə n/

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190 222 Trái hồng

Persimmon

/pə rˈ sɪ mə n/

Persimmon can be placed on the altar on

anniversaries and lunar New Year festivals

in Vietnam.

223 Trái khế

Star-fruit

/ˈ stɑ ː fruː t/

Star-fruit is a must in certain Vietnamese

dishes as garnishes.

224 Trái khóm

Pine-apple

/ˈ painap(ə )l/

Fruit such as pineapples, coconuts,

oranges, mangoes, bananas, apples, and

lychees are subject to seasonal availability.

225 Trái lê

Pear

/per/ (US)

/peə (r)/ (UK)

Pears are an excellent source of fiber (chất

xơ) and a good source of vitamin C.

226 Trái măng cụt Mangosteen

/ˈ mæŋɡ ə ʊ ˌ stiː n/ Mangosteen season in Vietnam lasts

around May to August.

227 Trái me

Tamarind

/ˈ tam(ə )rɪ nd/

Soak the tamarind in a little water and take

out the pulp.

228 Trái mít

Jack-fruit (n)

/ˈ dʒ ak – fruː t/

Jackfruit vendors can be found around the

streets of Vietnam, where they cut it up

and sell it in many sizes.

229 Trái nhãn

Longan

/ˈ lɒ ŋɡ (ə )n/

Longan is a traditional fruit in Vietnam,

closely related to the lychee, and grown in

the Mekong Delta region.

230 Trại nuôi ong

Bee-farm (n)

/bi:/ /ˈ fɑ ː m/

After all of this traveling, it's time to stop

and relax a bit at a local bee-farm, where

you can enjoy tasty tea with local honey.

231 Trái ổi

Guava

/ˈ ɡ wɑ ː .və /

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191 232 Trái phật thủ

“Buddha’s-hand”

fruit

/ˈ bʊ də / ‘s /hænd/

233 Trái quýt

Tangerine (n)

/ˈ tæn.dʒ ə .riː n/

In Northern Vietnam, the plate of fruits

traditionally contains five to eight types: a

bunch of bananas, a grapefruit,

“Buddha’s-hand” fruit, a lemon, oranges,

tangerines, apples, or persimmons.

234 Trại rắn

Snake Farm

(Snake-Rising

Center)

/’sneɪ k-fɑ ː rm/

Đồng Tâm Snake Farm is one of the

country’s largest snake-raising centers

where venom is produced for local use and

export.

235 Trái sầu riêng Durian

/ˈ dʊ r.i.ə n/

The durian’s seeds can also be eaten when

cooked.

236 Trái thanh

long

Dragon-fruit

/ˈ draɡ (ə )n – fru:t/

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192 237 Trái vải

Lychee (litchi)

/ˈ laitʃ iː /

To eat the lychee, dig your nail into the

stem and peel the skin away. Don’t bite

into the seed, please.

238 Trái vú sữa

Milk-fruit

/mɪ lk – fru:t/

“Vú sữa” means “milk from the breast” in

Vietnamese. Milk-fruit can be found in

Vietnam and is grown locally in Can Tho.

239 Trái Xabôchê Sapodilla = sapota

/,sæpou'dilə /

/sə 'poutə /

Sapodilla was imported to Viet Nam from

Central America a long time ago.

240 Trầm tích/ bồi

lắng

Sediment (n)

/ˈ sedɪ mə nt/

The Mekong Delta was formed by

sediment of the Mekong River.

241 Trầu

Betel = the leaves of

a climbing plant,

chewed by people in

Asia.

 18 betel garden

villages (18 thôn

vườn trầu)

/ˈ biː tl/

-Betel and areca are essential gifts in the

engagement and wedding ceremonies as

well as during conversations in Vietnam.

-Betel and areca are used to start a

conversation and help people become

closer and more open with each other.

242 Triết học/lý

Philosophy

/fə ˈ lɑ ː sə fi/



Buddhist philosophy.

His tutor encouraged him to read

widely in philosophy.

243 Trống

Drum (n)

/drʌ m/



to play the drums.



the drum of rain on the roof: tiếng

mưa gõ nhịp trên mái nhà.



Idioms: drum something into

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193 “nói đi nói lại như trống đánh bên

tai”

244 Trồng trọt

Cultivation (n)

/ˌ kʌ ltɪ ˈ veɪ ʃ n/

Mekong Delta is suitable for rice and fruit

tree cultivation and fish farming.

245 Trưởng đoàn

Tour leader (n)

/tʊ ə (r)ˈ liː də (r)/

Our tour leaders are all fluent in English.

246 Tu sĩ

Monk (n)

/mʌ ŋk/

-Coconut Monk (Nguyễn Thành Nam)

-Monks of the religion were permitted to

wed up to nine wives

247 Ứng cử viên

Candidate (n)

/ˈ kæn.dɪ .də t/

/ˈ kỉn.dɪ .deɪ t/

candidate for something

(thích hợp cho một việc nào đó)

There are 3 candiadates standing in the

election.

248 Văn hóa

Culture (n)

/ˈ kʌ ltʃ ə r/

Vietnam, a traditional country with 4000

year culture, is an interesting place for

tourists to discover.

249 Văn Thù Bồ

Tát

Buddha of

Awareness

/ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/

/ə ˈ wernə s/

(riding on a blue lion)

250 Vị trí địa lý

Location (n)

/loʊ ˈ keɪ ʃ n/

Ex1: The hotel is in a central location near

the market place.

Ex2: Ho Chi Minh City is located in the

Southeast of Vietnam.

251 Vịnh Thái Lan Gulf of Thailand

/ɡ ʌ lf/

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194 252 Vỏ dừa

Husk (n)

/hʌ sk/

Select a right coconut and remove husks

from it.

253 Vụ mùa

Crop/Harvest

/krɒ p/

/ˈ hɑ ː vɪ st/

They had a very good crop of rice last

year.



rice paddies (= rice fields)



harvest time

Farmers are extremely busy during the

harvest.

254 Vườn cây ăn

quả

Orchard (n))

/ˈ ɔ ː rtʃ ə rd/

Apple/Orange/Rambutan/Guava orchards

255 Vương quốc

Kingdom (n)

/ˈ kɪ ŋdə m/

The first kingdom in the Mekong Delta in

the 1

century was the Funan Kingdom.

256 Xa lộ

Highway (n)

/ˈ haɪ weɪ /

It takes us about 2 hours on the National

Highway 1A.

257 Xá lợi Phật

The Buddha’s

Cremation Relics

/ˈ bʊ də /

/krə ˈ meɪ ʃ n/

/ˈ relɪ k/

After his death, Buddha’s Cremation

Relics were divided into 8 royal families

and his disciples.

258 Xe ngựa

Carriage (n)

/ˈ ker.ɪ dʒ /



a carriage and pair (xe 2 ngựa)



carriage free (miễn phí cước)



a graceful carriage (dáng đi yểu

điệu)

259 Xuất khẩu

Export (v)

/ɪ kˈ spɔ ː rt/

-The islands export sugar and fruit.

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195 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

1

Tim Doling, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City (Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới,

Hà Nội, 2014)

2

Sài Gịn - Hồ Chí Minh City (Song Ngữ Anh - Việt)

Tác giả: LADY BORTON (Chủ biên), HỮU NGỌC (Chủ biên), Xuất

bản: 2006 - NXB: Thế giới

3 Lonely Planet Vietnam (Travel Guide) – 2012

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196 5

Từ điển Cambridge Advanced learner’s Dictionary – Phiên bản lần 3

6 World Heritage in Viet Nam, Tổng cục Du lịch, 2014

7

“Viet Nam Tourist Guidebook” - Trung tâm Thông tin du lịch (Tổng

cục Du lịch)

8

Bài học môn Ngoại ngữ Chuyên ngành, khoa Lữ hành, trường CĐN

DU LỊCH SÀI GÒN

9

Các Website:

/>

/>

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197 MHĨM BIÊN SOẠN

Nhóm Tour tham quan nội thành

TP HCM Nhóm Tour Mỹ Tho – Bến Tre Nhóm Tour Củ Chi

Đào Đức Duy Khang CĐLH05N01 Phạm Thị Hồng Thắm CĐHD03N01 Trần Ngọc Lữ Phong CĐHD10N01

Nguyễn Hữu Gia Huy CĐHD09N02 Nguyễn Thị Anh Đào CĐLH08N01 Nguyễn Thị Phương Trân CĐHD10N01

Võ Nguyễn Toàn Khoa CĐLH05N01 Võ Thanh Nhàn CĐHD05N01 Giang Gia Huệ CĐLH08N01

Nguyễn Ngọc Thảo

My CĐHD05N01 Trần Hải Phong CĐLH04N01 Nguyễn Băng Thanh CĐHD09N02

Phạm Hoàng Phúc CĐHD08N01 Phạm Minh Thái CĐLH04N02 Trần Thị Huỳnh Nga CĐLH04N02

Nguyễn Lê Như Ý CĐLH07N02 Phạm Thị Huỳnh Như CĐHD08N01 Trần Minh Hoàng CĐHD08N01

</div>

SỔ TAY TỪ NGỮ VIỆT - ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH LỮ HÀNH

<b>MỤC LỤC </b>

<b>NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET ... 5 </b>

<b>THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM ... 19 </b>

<b>THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL ... 77 </b>

<b>INDEPENDENCE PALACE ... 94 </b>

<b>TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS... 124 </b>

<b>NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET </b>

<b>ST</b>

<b>T </b>

<b>TIẾNG </b>

<b>VIỆT </b>

<b>TIẾNG ANH </b>

<b>PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ </b>

<b>GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG </b>

1

Bến Bạch

<sub>Đằng </sub>

Bach Dang Wharf

BrE /wɔ ː f/

<sub>AmE /wɔ ː rf/ </sub>

Bach Dang Wharf is in the

centre of District 1, near

the Monument of General

Tran Hung Dao which was

built on Ton Duc Thang

Street to commemorate the

glorious victory against the

Yuanmeng invaders in

1288 on the Bach Dang

River.

2

Biểu diễn

nghệ thuật

Art performance

/ɑ ː rt/ /pə rˈ fɔ ː rmə ns/

Nguyen Hue walking street

is chosen as a place for big

events of Ho Chi Minh city

as parades, meetings, street

festivals, culture

exhibitions, art

performances, etc.

3

Cấm/Khôn

g cho phép

Ban (v)

/bæn/



<i> Ban something </i>

Ex: There is a campaign

to ban smoking in



<i> ban somebody from </i>

<i>something </i>

Ex: He was banned

from the meeting.



<i> ban somebody from </i>

<i>doing something </i>

Ex: He was banned

from driving for six

months.



As schedule, on week

days, vehicles are

still allowed to run

along Nguyen Hue

street, but from 6pm

to 1am on Saturday

and Sunday, all kinds

of vehicles are

banned to travel here.

4

Cây sứ

(trắng)

White frangipani

/waɪ t/ /ˌ frændʒ iˈ pæni/

The area of President Ho

Chi Minh Statue Park has