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<b>BÀI T P V Đ C ĐI N KHUY T - GAPS FILLINGẬ</b> <b>Ề Ọ</b> <b>Ề</b> <b>Ế</b>
<i><b>Exercise 01. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

As swimming became a popular recreation in England during the 1860s and 1870s, several
<b>(1)_______ sports developed, roughly patterned after land sports. (2)_______ them were water football</b>
(or soccer), water rugby, water handball, and water polo, in which players rode on floating barrels,
<b>painted to look (3)_______ horses, and struck the ball with a stick.</b>

Water rugby became most popular of these sports, but somehow the water polo name
<b>became attached to it, and it's been attached (4)_______ since.</b>

As played in England, the object of the sport was for a player to touch the ball, with both
<b>(5)_______, at the goal end of the pool. The goaltender stood on the pool deck, ready to dive on any</b>
opponent who was about to score.

<b>Water polo quickly became a very rough sport, filled (6)_______ underwater fights away from</b>
the ball, and it wasn't unusual for players to pass out for lack of air.

In 1877, the sport was tamed in Scotland by the addiction of goalposts. The Scots also
<b>replaced (7)_______ original small, hard rubber ball with a soccer ball and adopted (8)_______ that</b>
<b>prohibited taking the ball under the surface or, "tackling" a player unless he had the ball.</b>

<b>The Scottish game, which emphasized swimming speed, passing, and (9)_______ work, spread</b>
to England during the early 1880s, to Hungary in 1889, to Austria and Germany in 1894, to France
<b>in 1895, and (10)_______ Belgium in 1900. </b>

Water polo was the first team sport added to the Olympic program, in 1900.

<i><b>Exercise 02. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

<b>MTV stands for Music Television. It's a television (1)_______ dedicated to pop music. It was</b>

<b>(2)_______ on 1</b>st_{August 1981 in the United States. Because of MTV's instant success in the US, the}

<b>company expanded into other (3)_______. MTV Europe (4)_______ operating on 1</b>st_{August 1987. MTV}

<b>Europe (5)_______ 24 hours a day from its London studios. It can be seen in 33 countries and reaches</b>
<b>an estimated (6)_______ of 110 million viewers.</b>

People of 19 different nationalities work at London headquarters, and they try to offer a
<b>(7)_______ of music from all over Europe. The channel broadcasts in (8)_______ but Germany provides</b>
<b>the biggest number of viewers. Currently, one fifth of the (9)_______ is by German artists.</b>

<b>Most of TV output is video and concerts, but there is also a programme (10)_______ .</b>

<i><b>Unplugged, where major artists play (11)_______ and acoustic in front of a small studio audience.</b></i>

<b>In addition to music, the channel's programmes (12)_______ with news, movie information</b>
<b>and comedy. MTV has also broadcast special report (13)_______ racism, immigration and</b>
unemployed teenagers.

<i><b>Exercise 03. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

TRAVEL INSURANCE

When going on holiday, it is always a good idea to take out travel insurance. This is just in
<b>case something goes (1)_______ along the way. You could lose your luggage, you could be robbed, or</b>
even become ill and need expensive medical treatment. For millions of holiday makers, travel
<b>insurance is just a precaution (2)_______ will help them have an enjoyable and worry-free holiday.</b>
<b>But for (3)_______, travel insurance is a way of earning money (4)_______ making false claims against</b>
<b>insurance companies. For (5)_______ some people pretend that they have had expensive equipment</b>

<b>stolen which in (6)_______ never even existed, and then claim large sums in compensation. Such</b>
<b>claims cost insurance company a total (7)_______ £ 50 million per year. But the cheats’ luck is about</b>
<b>to run (8)_______ . (9)_______ to a new computer system, companies will be able to tell at a glance</b>
<b>(10)_______ someone has made a claim within the last three years. Honest travelers will no longer</b>
have to pay through the nose for other people’s dishonesty.

<i><b>Exercise 04. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

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relaxation is a state of alert yet at the same time passive awareness, in which our bodies are
<b>(5)_______ rest while our minds are awake.</b>

Moreover, it is as natural for a healthy person to be relaxed when moving as resting.
<b>(6)_______ relaxed in action means we bring the appropriate energy to everything we do, so as to</b>
<b>have a feeling of healthy tiredness by the end of the day, (7)_______ than one of exhaustion.</b>
Unfortunately, as a result of living in today’s competitive world, we are under constant strain and
<b>have difficulty in coping, (8)_______ alone nurturing our body’s abilities. What needs to be</b>
<b>rediscovered is conscious relaxation. With (9)_______ in mind we must apply ourselves to</b>
<b>understanding stress and the nature of its causes (10)_______ deep-seated.</b>

<i><b>Exercise 05. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

<b>Enjoyment is what drinking wine is all about. However, the more you know, (1)_______ easier</b>
<b>it becomes to select the right wines for you or your guests. Wine is basically grape juice to (2)_______</b>
yeast has been added causing it to ferment and produce alcohol. Alcohol is flavourless, so there
<b>must be something more (3)_______ wine than this. Many of the secrets of wine lie within the grape.</b>
Its pulp is a sugar solution which contains the things that give a wine its fruity flavour. In a dry
<b>wine, most of a grape’s sugar has been converted (4)_______ alcohol. In a sweet one, more sugar is</b>
<b>left. This can be felt on the (5)_______ of the tongue. The pulp also contains acidity which gives the</b>
wine "crispness” that makes the mouth water.

<b>Too much (6)_______ it can make you wince, too little and the wine could taste dull. The skin</b>
contains flavour and tannin. Tannin produces a tingling sensation in the gums and gives a wine
<b>firmness. White grapes (7)_______ their skins removed before fermentation so tannin is only really</b>
<b>found in red wines. The pulp of black and white grapes is (8)_______ same pale colour. The fact that</b>
<b>the skins of black grapes are left on (9)_______ the wine is fermented gives red wine its colour.</b>

<b>The wines which are often considered to be the best are (10)_______ where all the elements</b>
balance one another. There are many grape varieties grown in many climates which influence the
emphasis given to these features and this is why wines can be so wonderfully different.

<i><b>Exercise 06. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

<b>School students do not shower after sports class</b>

<b>A report has found that more than half of high (1)_______ boys and two-thirds of girls never</b>
<b>shower after a physical (2)_______ class. Researchers suggest that students don't want to sweat and</b>
<b>take a (3)_______, so they are less active in sports classes. The researchers questioned almost 4,000</b>
children in schools in Essex, England. Lead researcher Dr Gavin Sandercock said he was surprised
<b>(4)_______ how rarely students showered. He said: "We know (5)_______ children aren't getting</b>
<b>(6)_______ physical activity because we have seen their fitness declining; (7)_______ the unwillingness</b>
<b>to shower is a barrier to working up a sweat (8)_______ playing sport, it's something we need to</b>
tackle to promote activity at schools."

<i><b>Exercise 07. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

ITALY’S MOST POETIC CITY

Venice has been an inspiration for writers, artists and musicians throughout history. In the
<b>15th century it was the world’s (1)_______ port. Since then it has built up an astonishing collection of</b>
<b>art and architecture (2)_______ to its trade with the East.</b>

<b>The city (3)_______ its visitors incredible sights. Do not believe those who say Venice is a</b>
museum. This is still a living city full of joys. Venice looks good in any light. The sun makes the
<b>domes sparkle, but even on a grey, (4)_______ day the city can be extremely romantic.</b>

<b>And (5)_______ it gets overcrowded, (6)_______ is an easy escape to the other islands in the</b>
<b>Venice Gulf, (7)_______ brightly-colored houses are a photographer’s dream. In a curious way, Venice</b>
<b>is a model city for the future; it is free from cars and the (8)_______ way to get around is by public</b>
<b>transport or on foot. This one fact alone (9)_______ it a unique city, one (10)_______ traffic noise, the</b>
creation of genius indeed.

<i><b>Exercise 08. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

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<b>cheque in a small ceremony (3)_______ the premises at 2.30, and by three o'clock he had reopened</b>
for business. The reaction of Mr. Pasquale Consalvo who won $30 million in the New York state
<b>lottery was very (4)_______. He was unhappy not to be able to fulfill his desire to go to work as</b>
<b>(5)_______ on the day he won. He also said that if the money made him (6)_______ he would give it</b>
back. In fact, the chances of his life being made a misery by his new-found wealth are almost
<b>(7)_______ slim though not quite as the sixty million-to-one odds he beat to take a jackpot (8)_______</b>
<b>had remained unclaimed through six previous draws. Gambling small amounts (9)_______ the lottery</b>
<b>is a harmless if futile hobby. (10)_______, gambling can become an addiction, increasingly so as the</b>
activity becomes socially acceptable.

<i><b>Exercise 09. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

PEER PRESSURE

<b>One of the strongest influences on children today (1)_______ that of their peers. What their</b>

<b>classmates think, how they dress and how they act in class and out of it (2)_______ the behavior of</b>

nearly every child at school. In their efforts not to be different, some children go so far as to hide
<b>their intelligence and ability in case they are made (3)_______ of. Generally, children do not want to</b>
<b>stand (4)_______ from the crowd. They want to fit in, to be accepted. In psychological terms, the</b>
<b>importance of (5)_______ pressure cannot be over emphasized. There is a lot of evidence that it</b>
<b>has great bearing on all aspects of children's lives, (6)_______ the clothes they wear, the music they</b>
listen to and their attitude to study to their ambitions in life, their relationships and their
<b>sense. (7)_______, as children grow up into adolescents, individuality becomes more acceptable,</b>
<b>desirable even, and in their search for their (8)_______ personal style, the teenager and young adult</b>
<b>will begin to experiment and be more willing to run the (9)_______ of rejection by the group.</b>
Concern about intellectual prowess and achieving good exam results can dominate as the
<b>atmosphere of competition develops and worries (10)_______ the future override any fears of</b>
appearing too brainy.

<i><b>Exercise 10. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.</b></i>

THE BIRTH OF THE T-SHIRT

The T-shirt, or at least the T-shirt as we know it, was born in the theatre. When Tennessee
<i>William's play A Streetcar Named Oesire opened in New York in December 1947, a young actor</i>
<b>(1)_______ Marlon Brando went (2)_______ stage wearing a (3)_______ of blue jeans and a bright, white,</b>
<b>capped-sleeve T-shirt. It was the first time the T-shirt had been seen publicly as anything (4)_______</b>
<b>an item of underwear and it set a fashion trend that was to last through (5)_______ the end of the</b>
<b>century. The idea for the T-shirt came (6)_______ Brando himself. He had worn one at rehearsals for</b>
the play. The director was so impressed by the look that was created that he asked Brando to wear
the shirt in the play itself. Brando may have seen the shirt being advertised by the American
<b>company Sears Roebuck. They had decided to market the shirt (7)_______ a fashionable garment in</b>
<b>its (8)_______ right, rather than just something to be worn (9)_______ warmth beneath a denim</b>
<b>workshirt (10)_______ an army uniform. It was Brando, however, who popularized it, especially with</b>
<i>the release of the film version of Streetcar in 1951. A short leather jacket completed the look that</i>
was to be adopted by teenage rebels in many countries for decades afterwards.

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