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N g h i e n ctiu - Trao ddi <b>T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n </b>

<b>PHAT TRIEN VAN HOA </b>

<b>TRONG DIEU KllN KINH TE THI TRUdNG </b>

<b>DINH HirdNG XA HOI CHU NGHIA </b>

MAI HAI OANH

<i>Trong qud trinh phdt trien nen kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hgi </i>
<i>chu nghia d nudc ta, viec xdy dung nen vdn hda tien tien ddm dd bdn sdc </i>
<i>ddn tgc diing trudc nhiing thu thdch mdi, trong do cd nhiing vdn de mdi </i>
<i>ndy sinh tu thuc tien doi hdi ehung ta phdi cd nhdn thiic dung vd gidi </i>
<i>quyet mgt cdch hop ly. Nghien ciiu moi lien he ngi tai cua phdt trien vdn </i>
<i>hda vdi kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hgi chu nghia de thuc Men su </i>
<i>phdt trien hdi hoa giUa kinh te, chinh tri vd vdn hda, xd hgi cd y nghia </i>

<i>vo Cling to Idn. </i>

Moi Hen he noi tai cua phat trien

van boa vdi phat trien kinh te thj

truong djnh huong xa hoi chu nghia

Nghien cihi chu de mdi cua phat trien van
hda Uong dilu kien kinh te thj trudng djnh
hudng xa hdi chu nghia thuc chat la nghien
euu quan he ciia van hda tien tien vdi kinh te
thj Uudng djnh hudng xa hpi chii nghia. Viee
chuyin ddi tii thi chl kinh te ke hoaeh h6a tap
trung sang till chl kinh te thj Uudng dinh
hudng xa hdi ehii nghia d nudc ta lam cho san

pham van hda ngay eang phong phii, tiii
trudng van hoa ngay cang soi ddng la mpt
tiiuc tl ai eung nhin tiiay. Ben canh nhiing mat
tieh cue, nhieu san pham phan van hda, phan
khoa hpc, chi eoi Upng lpi ich tien bac lam
eho thj Uudng van hda bj anh hudng tieu cue
(nhu sir xuit hien tran lan cae loai san pham
kieh due, bao luc, me tin dj doan...). Tuy

nhien, neu ehi can cir vao nhihig hien tupng
tieu cue nay de do loi eho kinh te thi trudng
ma khdng nhin thay mat tich cue ciia nd thi se
roi vao phien dien, hon the, vd hinh trung ddi
lap van hda tien tien vdi kinh te thj trudng.
Bdi vay, dudi dieu kien kinh te thj trudng dinh
hirdng xa hdi chii nghia, phat trien van hda
phai Ua ldi mpt cau hdi ly luan quan trpng:
phat trien van hda va phat trien kinh te thi
trudng dinh hudng xa hdi ehii nghia bai trir Ian
nhau hay thong nhat bien ehung vdi nhau?
Cau Ua ldi se la su ket hpp hai yeu to "thi
trudng" va "dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghia"
ham chua mdt y nghia van hda bao triim:
ehiing ta chi cd the thuc hien dupc phuong
cham nay mpt khi v nghia van hda chi phoi
toan bp nen kinh te thj trudng eua ehiing ta.
Ndi khae di, d day van hda va kinh te hoa
quyen vao nhau de bao dam cho xa hpi phat
trien trong tinh lanh manh dde dao ctia nd.

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Nghien ctiu - Trao doi <b>Tpp chi C^ng sdn </b>

Trong tdng thi xa hpi, ca bdn he thdng van
minh kinh tl, chinh trj, van hda, sinh thai phai
nim trong mpt chinh the hiiu ca gan bd, thuc
diy lin nhau, khong the tach rdi yi su biet lap
timg bp phan se keo liii phat trien. Chi cd su
phat Uiln nhip nhang giua kinh te, ehinh tri,
van hda, xa hoi va tao ra su phat trien hai hda
giiia van minh vat chat va van minh tinh than
mdi bao dam cho su thang lpi eiia ehu nghia
xa hdi. Van hda phan anh girong mat tinh than
eua nhan dan va trinh dp van minh cua dan
tdc, la luc lupng tinh than va nhan td tri luc ed
tac dung thiic day phat trien toan dien xa hdi.
Su phat trien van hda trong viec thda man nhu
cau van hda ngay mdt tang cao eiia nhan dan,
nang eao tinh than yeu nude, td chat van hda
khoa hpe va to chat dao diic tu tirdng eiia toan
dan tpc, hinh thanh ly tirdng va khat vpng
ehung eiia tat ea mpi thanh vien trong xa hdi,
thue sir la nen tang tinh than va tru cdt tinh
than quan trpng khdng gi thay the dupc. Phat
trien kinh te thj trudng djnh hudng xa hpi ehu
nghia la su chpn lira tat nhien de phat trien sue
san xuat xa hpi nham tien tdi hien dai hda dat
nudc. Do do, phat trien van hda tien tien song
song vdi phat trien kinh te thj trudng djnh
hudng xa hdi chii nghia thue chat la dl giai
phdng va phat trien sue san xuat xa hdi, nhim

thda man nhu cau van hda ngay cang cao ciia
nhan dan. No thdng nhat mdt each ndi tai
Uong thue tien xay dung xa hdi ehu nghia.
Van hda tien tien phai la thii van hda thich ung
vdi kinh te thi trudng dinh hirdng xa hpi ehii
n^hTa, cd tac dung thuc day sir phat triln kinh
te thj tnrdng djnh hudng xa hdi chu nghia phat
triln. Phat trien van hda tien tiln la ddng luc
tinh than nang dd phat triln kinh tl thi trudng
djnh hirdng xa hdi chu nghia va phat trien
kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghia
la ngudn ca sd vat chat bao dam phat triln van
hda tien tien.

<i>Trudc hit, phat trien kinh te thj trudng djnh </i>
hudng xa hdi chu nghTa la ngudn thue tiln dl
phat trien van hoa tien tien. Van hda tien tiln
Viet Nam hien nay vira bit ngudn tir lieh sir

van hien may nghin nam eua dan tdc ddng
thdi gan chat vdi thuc tien cdng nghiep hda,
hien dai hda dat nude. Tinh tien tien cua no
khdng nhiing the hien d su tiep ndi hieu qua
truyen thdng van hda lau ddi ma quan trpng
nhat la the hien su phat trien manh me ciia
thdi dai mdi. Siic sdng ca ban ciia van h6a
mdi chii yeu bat ngudn tii boat ddng sang tao
hien thuc cua hang chuc trieu nhan dan.
Chuyen bien tii the che kinh te ke hoaeh hoa
tap trung sang the che kinh te thi tnrdng dinh

hirdng xa hdi ehu nghTa la mdt cudc bien doi
xa hdi rdng Idn va sau sac. Xay dung van hoa
duong dai nude ta neu khdng xuat phat tir thuc
tien xanh ttroi nay, khdng gan vdi kinh te thj
tnrdng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa de hiit lay
dirdng chat hien dai va nang ddng (ke ea
nhiing su binh dang tin dung, hieu qua eanh
tranh,...) thi sir phat trien van hda tien tien rat
<i>de tia thanh mdt khau hieu trdng rdng va mpt </i>
khai niem xo eung. Mat khae, budc vao thdi
dai kinh te tri thtic, su phat trien con ngudi la
sir tdng hpp giiia eon ngudi kinh te vdi con
ngudi van hda. Do nang suat lao ddng ngay
eang cao, thdi gian lao ddng riit ngan, vi the,
thdi gian danh eho phat trien con ngirdi van
hda ngay cang tang. Hon niia, do tac ddng ciia
phat trien khoa hpc theo hirdng nhan van,
trong ngirdi lao ddng tri thiic, con ngudi van
hda se ngay cang trdi ban. Dd la co sd virng
chac bao dam eho su phat trien ben virng ciia
nen kinh te thi tnrdng dinh hudng xa hdi ehii
nghia. Day eiing ehinh la eai gde eiia phat
trien van hda.

<i>Thu hai eung vdi su tien bd eiia khoa </i>
hpc-ky thuat hien dai va su phat trien cua kinh te,
CO sd vat chat cua phat trien van hda cung c6
nhieu bien ddi sau sac. Mdt mat, ham lupng
khoa hpc - ky thuat cua san pham van hoa
ngay cang cao, phuong thuc chuyin tai hien

dai lien tue xuat hien, san xuat va truyin ba
van hda ngay cang md rdng va hieu qua nhd
vao nhiing thanh tuu mdi nhu may tinh, tiiong
tin ve tinh, mang. Mat khac, van hda va kinh
te ngay cang hda nhap vao nhau. Trudc day,

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Nghien ciru - Trao ddi <b>T p p c h i C $ n g s d n </b>

ngudi ta thudng eho rang van hda thuoc
thuang tang kien triic xa rdi kinh te va ehi tae
ddng den sue san xuit mdt each gian tilp. Tuy
nhien, trong dieu kien kinh tl thj trudng, viee
san xuat san pham van hoa nhu saeh bao, san
pham video khong chi mang y nghia la san
pham truyen ba quan niem, tu tudng ma edn la
mot loai vat hda. Nhiing san pham do nganh
cdng nghiep van hda ehe tac nen ehinh la kit
qua cua qua trinh nhat thi hda van hoa kinh tl.
Theo dd, van hda khdng cdn don thuan la
nhihig quan niem, tu tudng co tae dung gian
tiep ddi vdi sire san xuat, ma con vdi hinh thiie
eiia mot nganh cdng nghiep mdi nang ddng co
hieu suat kinh te eao la eong nghiep van h6a.
Tdm lai, trong thdi dai kinh te tri thue, van
hda va kinh te, khoa hpe ky thuat kinh tl
-van hda ngay cang gan bd chat ehe thi sang
tao ban dau eiia van hda tuy van mang tinh ca
the nhung viec san xuat no da dupe su ho trp
manh me va hieu qua eua khoa hpe - ky thuat
trinh dp cao, e6 kha nang tham nhap thj

trudng mdt each manh me. Sir phat trien van
hda tien tien ngay eang ehju su chi phoi ciia
trinh dp khoa hpe - ky thuat cao hay thap va
thuc lire kinh te kin hay nho. Vi vay, ehi ed
phat trien kinh te thj trudng djnh hudng xa hpi
ehu nghia, dua san xuat van hda vao quy dao
thj tnrdng va thuc day nganh cong nghiep phat
trien manh me, thi phat trien van hoa tien tien
mdi ed co sd kinh te vat chat hung hau. Mpt
minh ehung sinh ddn^ la nhieu don vj van hoa
nhu bao chi, nha xuat ban, dai truyen hinh tir
tinh trang vang ve trudc day dan trd thanh co
sd san xuat van hda soi dpng. theo do kha
nang tu tich liiy san xuat van hda va tu phat
trien khong ngimg dupe nang eao.

<i>Thu ha, san xuat van hoa khi trd thanh mot </i>
nganh eong nghiep van hanh theo quy tac thj
trudng, thi thj trudng se trd thanh eo che thuc
hien eua phat trien van hda tien tien. Mpt mat,
thj trudng trd thanh bieu dd xae djnh nhu eau
van hda tinh than ciia eon ngudi, tir do dat dan
ngudi siin xuat van hda dap ung nhiing nhu
eau da dang ay. Ddng thdi do muc dich eua

van hoa la hudng tdi phuc vu ddng dao quan
ehung nhan dan, nen ve ea ban thj trudng van
hda nudc ta hoan toan nhat tri vdi lpi ich can
ban ciia quan chiing nhan dan, va thong nhat
vdi phuong hirdng phat trien eiia van hda xa

hpi chii nghia. Trong hon hai miroi nam tien
hanh ddi mdi, nhieu san pham van hoa e6 gia
trj da xuat hien va dat hieu qua xa hpi cao,
dien phti sdng cua no ngay cang md rdng nhd
vao CO che thj tnrdng. Nhung eung eo nhieu
san pham van hoa cd gia trj thap kem lpi dung
thj trudng de md rdng anh hudng tieu cue. Vi
vay, de chong lai su xam thuc ctia nhung san
pham thti cap mpt each hieu qua, can phai
tang cudng san xuat nhihig san pham van hda
ed gia trj thue su.

Viec khang dinh tinh thong nhat ciia van
h6a vdi kinh te thj tnrdng nhu da ndi d tren
khong c6 nghia la phu djnh tinh khae biet giua
ehung, va dau phat trien van hda tien tien
khong the tach rdi khoi kinh te thj trudng,
nhung khdng phai cu- thire hien kinh te thj
trudng thi van hoa ducmg nhien se phat trien.
<i>Dd la vi: mot Id, van hoa c6 tinh dae thu, cd </i>
tinh dde lap tuong doi vdi kinh te va ehinh tri.
San pham van hoa mpt khi trd thanh hang hda
va bude vao thj trudng tat phai ehju sir chi
phoi ciia quy luat kinh te thj trudng, nhung ve
ban chat, van hda la sieu kinh te. Van hda tien
tien la ket qua hoat dpng tinh than eiia con
ngudi, CO nhieu tang npi ham ljch su, dao dire,
tham my hudng tdi chan - thien - my. Vdi ndi
dung tinh than phong phu, van hda tac dpng
vao the gidi tinh than eiia con ngudi, tird6 gdp

phan hinh thanh the gidi quan, nhan sinh
quan, gia trj quan... Cac gia trj van hda tinh
than khong phai eu co tien la gianh dupe vi
<i>nhieu luc no vo gia. Hai Id, thj tnrdng c6 tinh </i>
han ehe ciia n6 va khdng phai bat cu d dau thj
trudng eung td rd dupc siie manh eua nd.
Chang ban, linh vue nghien ctiu khoa hpc co
ban rat khd san sinh ra hieu qua kinh te true
tiep, tire thi, do do no khdng thich hpp vdi
viee thdng qua thj tnrdng de dieu tiet. Ngupc
lai, nhieu san pham van hda cd gia tri thap

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Nghien cuu - Trao doi <b>T a p c h i C d n g s d n </b>

kem nhung eo kha nang gay hieu ky nhieu khi
lai ban rit chay tren thi trudng. Tai day, thj
tnrdng khong the tu phan biet dupe thien - ac,
dep - xau trong eae san pham van hoa. Neu
khong ehu y den dieu nay, thi viee dieu tiet thj
trudng san pham van hoa rat de chech hudng.
Nguyen nhan sau xa eiia hien tupng nay la: sir
phat trien van hoa tien tien lay mue tieu xa hdi
lam dinh hudng trong khi do kinh te thi truang
lai lay lpi ich ca the lam djnh hudng. Hai dinh
hudng nay khong phai liic nao ciing nhat tri.
Mpt so nha san xuat de roi vao duy lpi ma
quen mat mue tieu xa hpi eua van hda. Vi vay,
sir phat trien cua van hoa khdng the tach rdi
kinh te thi trudng nhung lai khong the hoan
loan bi thj trudng hoa. Phai tim dupe diem ket

hpp giiia nhu eau khach quan vdi quy tac van
hanh kinh te thj trudng eua van hoa.

Viec xay dung va phat trien thj trudng van
hda cQng nhu viee phat trien eong nghiep van
hda la eo tinh tat yeu va tinh hien thuc hpp ly.
Bdi le, su phat trien eiia kinh te thj trudng djnh
hirdng xa hpi ehii nghia doi hoi phai ed ea che
eong nghiep van hoa va quy md phat trien van
hda tuong irng. Tuy nhien, trong thue te, so
vdi cac quoc gia dang phat trien thi d Viet
Nam viee dau tu san xuat ve van boa, khoa
hoe - ky thuat, giao due van cdn rat nhieu ban
che. Dieu do cho thay ehung ta nhan thirc
chua day du ve vj tri va tam quan trpng ciia
cdng nghiep van hoa vdi tu each la tru cot cua
kinh te duong dai. Mat khae, chiing ta chua
nhan thiic dupc su phat trien hai hda, lau dai
ciia van hda va kinh te, khdng thay hit sir tut
hau cua van hoa se keo lui sir phat triln kinh
te ve sau. Thuc te nay doi hdi ehung ta phai ed
chien lupe phat trien tong thi hpp ly. Ngoai
ra, do su phat trien manh me cua truyen thong
duong dai, toan eau hda ve luu thdng kinh tl
eiing nhu giao luu van hda ngay eang md rpng
bupc ehung ta phai xem xet mpt each nghiem
tue phuong thiic van^ hanh eua thj trudng van
hda de thich iing, hieu ro quy luat kinh tl cua
giao luu van hda va dinh ra saeh lupc an ninh
van hda eua minh, tung bude hoan ehinh thi

ehe van hda, thj tnrdng van hda mang ban sac
Viet Nam.

Mot so nguyen tic chi dao phat trien

van hoa duoi dieu kien kinh te thj

truong djnh huong xa hoi chii nghia

<i>1 - Kiin tri tu tudng xdy dung nin "vdn hda </i>
<i>Uen tiin dam da bdn sdc ddn tdc" trong xu the </i>
<i>da dqng hda hinh thdi vdn hda </i>

Day la tu tudng chu dao de phat trien van
hda Viet Nam trong thdi dai ngay nay. Thuc
tien cdng eupe doi mdi eho thay phat trien
kinh te thj trudng tat se xuat hien xu the da
dang hda hinh thai van hda. Dieu dd tnrdc het
xuat phat tii ehd van hda cd nhiem vu thoa
man nhu eau van hda ngay eang da dang,
phong phii cua nhan dan. Su nghiep doi mdi
da dem den biic tranh van hda giau mau sac,
san pham van hda ngay cang nhieu ehung
loai, thj trudng van hda ngay eang sdi dpng,
khdng gian chpn lira eua mpi ngudi ngay eang
rpng Idn. Tien bd ciia khoa hpe - ky thuat hien
dai cung gdj) phan thay ddi the ehuyen tai tin
tue (ma bieu hien rd nhat la quang cao tren
internet va cac video gidi thieu san pham),
hinh thirc van hda ciing lien tiep ddi mdi, bo
sung, thay the nham thu hut ngudi tieu dung.

Su tien bd xa hdi va muc thu nhap, trinh do
hpc van ngay eang eao thi nhu eau van hoa
tinh than eiia mpi thanh vien trong xa hpi ngay
cang da dang hda va ca tinh hda. Mat khae, sir
chenh lech thu nhap giiia cae thanh vien trong
xa hdi ngay cang rdng ciing lam eho quan
niem tieu dung, phuong thiie sinh boat eua
con ngudi ed nhiing khae biet ghe gdm. Kinh
te thj trudng tat nhien se dan tdi da nguyen
hda chii the lpi ich. Chu thi lpi ich khae nhau
tat ed su khae nhau ve quan niem, tu tudng,
djnh hudng gia trj, y tudng van boa, muc
tieu,... tir dd dan tdi su da dang hoa hinh thai
van hda. Hon nira, trong mdi tnrdng md ciia,
cae loai tu tudng van hda, hinh thtic van hoa,
san pham tieu dung van hoa deu ed kha nang
xoa bd mpi bien gidi qudc gia. Ching han.

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Nghien ciiu - Trao ddi <b>T p p c h i C d n g s d n </b>

nude ngoai cd mdt gi, thdi thupng nao deu
nhanh chdng dan tdi nhirng "eon sdt" thdi
thuang trong nudc.

Kinh te thj trudng la kinh te lay con ngudi
lam goc, sir tu ehii va sir chpn Itia tu do ciia ea
nhan la dac trung noi bat. Van hoa tien tien
eua nude ta la van hda hudng tdi viec thoa
man nhu eau van hda tinh than nhieu tang bac,
da dang cua nhan dan. Dd la loai van hda eo

the bao dung nhieu lpi ich, nhieu nhu eau van
hda tinh than eiia nhan dan, bao dung ca
hinh thai van hoa c6 lpi cho phat trien san
xuat xa hdi. Vi vay, ve can ban xu the da
dang hda hinh thai van boa khong he mau
thuan vdi phuong hudng phat trien lanh
manh eua van hoa.

Nhung su da dang hoa hinh thai van hda
khdng phai la da dang theo kieu tu do vo
chinh phii. Nen van h6a Viet Nam phai la nen
van hda gan lien vdi nhung tu tucing tien tien
nhat eua thdi dai. Day la cot loi tu tuong de tir
dd phat trien van hoa trong tinh da dang va
nang dpng cila nd, nham dap irng tot nhat nhu
eau van hda ctia nhan dan.

<i>2 - Tdng cuimg tdm kiem sodt vl mo cua </i>
<i>Nhd nudc vi Tinh vuc vdn hda vd chuyin bien </i>
<i>phuang thuc qudn ly vdn hda </i>

Tir chd quan ly trirc tiep cae don vj van h6a
va hoat dong van hda nhu trudc day, trong boi
eanh kinh te thi trudng, nhiem vu chinh cua
Nha nude la kiem soat va dieu ehinh a tam vi
md. Vin dl dat ra la lam the nao de su lanh
dao va quan ly ctia Dang va Chinh phti ddi vdi
phat triln van hoa dat hieu qua cao nhung
khdng can thiep qua sau vao qua uinh van
hanh van hda.

<i>Trudc hit, sir chuyen doi phuong thiie quan </i>
ly van hda khdng he lam suy yeu ehiie nang
quan ly linh vuc van hda cua Nha nudc.
Phuang thiie quan ly mdi phai thich iing vdi
yeu eiu cila thi chl kinh te thj trudng: khdng
liy chinh quyln thay thi thj trudng ma bien y
chi cua Dang va Nha nudc thanh phap luat,
phap quy, hanh vi quy pham yeu cau cac

doanh nghiep van hda tuan thu, duy tri trat tu
cua thi trudng van hda, tao mdi trudng canh
tranh cong bang, xuc tien va thiic day sir
trudng thanh va phat trien eua thj tnrdng van
hoa, dinh ra cac tieu ehuan san pham van h6a
va djch vu van hoa, thuc thi giam sat chat
lupng, trung tri nhiing boat dong kinh doanh
van hda dpe hai tren co sd luat phap da ban
hanh. Bang each kiem soat d tam vi mo, Nha
nudc CO nhung ehinh saeh, dieu chinh hpp ly
dl kinh doanh van hoa boat dpng trong quy
dao CO lpi eho phat trien van hoa tien tien.

<i>Thu hai, ehii trpng ^iHp dd su nghiep van </i>
h6a cdng ich. San xuat van hoa co the chia
thanh hai loai: san xuat van hoa kinh doanh va
san xuat van hoa eong ich. Cac loai hinh nghe
thuat bae cao nhu van hpe, nhac giao hudng,
vii ba-le, ca kjch..., hay nhihig thiet ehe van
hoa mang tinh cong ich nhu thu vien eong

cpng, nha bao tang quoc gia, nha ky niem, hdi
khoa hpc - ky thuat, hpi my thuat, hpi van
h6a... deu co the phan anh trinh dp van hoa
cua quoc gia va dan tpc, la bp phan hpp thanh
cua van hoa tien tien. Loai van hoa mang tinh
cong ich nay khae vdi van h6a mang tinh kinh
doanh. Vl vay, nd khdng thich hpp vdi viec
lay thj trudng de dieu tiet, doi hdi Nha nudc
ap dung chinh sach dac thii de bao ve va nang
dd, trong do bao gdm viec quy hoaeh xay
dung ha tang van h6a cong cpng, eung cap tai
ehinh day du, hudng dan viec dau tu von cua
xa hpi.

<i>Thu ba, tich cue dao tao ehu the van hoa vi </i>
mo CO uu the canh tranh. Trong bdi eanh phat
trien kinh te thi trudng va toan eau hda kinh
te, de giti dupc tinh tien tien cua van hda xa
hdi ehu nghia, yeu to quyet djnh nam d viec
djnh hirdng hanh vi cua ngudi san xuat van
hda, d chu the thj tnrdng phat trien van hda
tien tien cd kha nang va stic manh canh tranh.
Vl vay, phai ehu y den co sd vi mo phat trien
van hoa vl day la nhung co sd c6 kha nang
hien thuc hda siic manh canh tranh thuc sir. Cu
the, nhirng linh vue quan trpng lien quan den
he tu tudng va chii quyen van hoa quoc gia, an

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Nghien ctiu - Trao doi <b>T p p c h i C ^ n g s d n </b>

toan van hoa quoc gia nhu bao chi, xuat ban,
<i>dai phat thanh, dai truyen binh... ve ca ban </i>
phai do Nha nudc dieu hanh. Doi vdi cac ITnh
vue san xuat va djch vu van hda thong thudng
khac, cd the ap dung hinh thue doanh nghiep
van hda da dang, binh thanh chii the dau tu da
nguyen, xay dung eae cdng ty da quoc gia cd
siic eanh tranh ngay cang Idn. Vi vay, tieh cue
thiic day qua trinh tap doan hda cac thuc thi
van hoa de hinh thanh mpt loat tap doan
doanh nghiep van h6a eo thue luc hung hau la
mdt nhiem vu cap bach.

<i>3 - Md ciia di ddi vdi bdo ve vd phdt trien </i>
<i>vdn hda </i>

Toan eau hda kinh te ddi hdi cac qudc gia
phai md eua vdi the gidi ben ngoai vi ddng
cira ddng nghia vdi tu hiiy diet minh. Viec md
ctia toan dien ve kinh tl tit nhien se keo theo
su md eiia ve van hda. Sir tiln bp nhanh chong
eiia khoa hpc - ky thuat hien dai da lam cho
qua trinh truyen ba va giao luu van boa diln
ra nhanh hon, rpng rai hon tren pham vi toan
the gidi.

Vl vay, khep kin van hda khdng nhihig khd
long ton tai ma cdn triet tieu co hpi phat triln.
Bdi vay, thong qua giao luu van hoa rdng rai
de thu hiit tinh hoa ctia van hda thi gidi, tang

eudng nang lue eanh tranh cua van hda dan
tpc, nang lire phong ngu va nang lire chdng lai
nii ro la van de bet siie quan trpng trong chiln
lupc phat trien van hda. Giao luu van hda
cung ddi hdi phai ed chien lupc quiing ba van
hda Viet Nam ra the gidi mdt each hieu qua.
Day la khau ehiing ta eon yeu va chua dupc
ehii y thich dang. Tat nhien, qua trinh md ciia
ve van hda phai gan hen vdi qua trinh tu bao
ve, chong lai nhirng thii san phim phan van
hoa. Phan Idn sir tan cdng tir ben ngoai trong
hnh vuc van hda - tu tirdng diu dupe tiln hanh
qua thi trudng. Nhieu quan niem gia tri eua
cac nudc tu ban phat trien dupc truyin ba vao
eae nude khae, ve co ban, diu thdng qua viee
tieu thu mang tinh toan ciu nhu dien anh, tivi,
video, sach bao... Trong sd nhihig san phim

van hda ay, khdng phai khdng cd nhiing san
pham nguy van hda, phuang hai den nhan
each eua con ngudi. Vi the, phai hinh thanh
nhiing ke sach bao ve su trong lanh eua sinh
thai van hda dan tdc.

Phai thay rang trong su giao luu eua cac
nen van hda khac nhau, van hda dan tdc phai
nhanh chdng trd thanh thuc lire kinh te dii
manh de ehu ddng trong viee tiep nap eae
nguon dirdng chat van hda tir ben ngoai.
Trong mdi tnrdng van hda qudc te rdng md,

nganh cdng nghiep van hda cang Idn manh thi
kha nang md rdng thi tnrdng cang Idn. Tuy
nhien, d day phai cd nhiing budc di hpp ly neu
khdng mudn bi cdng nghiep van hda nudc
ngoai chen ep va lam eho suy sup. Vl vay, bao
ve van hda cdn gan hen vdi bao ve va phat
trien cong nghiep van hda eua dan tdc minh.
Nhung bao ve den muc khep kin va ban chl
giao luu lai la hinh thuc tu lam ylu di sue eanh
tranh tnrdc khi bj lam suy ylu. Bdi vay, trong
eae giai doan phat trien khac nhau phai ed sir
can bang giiia md cua va bao ve. San phim
van hda la mdt loai san pham cd tinh min cam
dan tdc eao do. Ngay cac qudc gia phat triln
phuang Tay, viee md ctia thi trudng van hoa
ctia hp khdng bao gid tran lan ma cd su tilt
ehe nhat djnh nao dd. Chinh trong hiep djnh
ehung thuang mai - dich vu eua WTO eung co
ndi dung cho phep thuc thi cae bien phap bao
dam. Viet Nam cd the can cu vao nhu eiu bao
ve an toan van hda, can cii vao dilu khoan cQa
WTO de dinh ra chinh saeh bao ve van hoa
mdt each phii hpp. v < .. .

Tat nhien, toan cau hda khdng cd nghia la
khuon the gidi vao mdt rad hinh van hda duy
nhat. Qua trinh truyin ba, giao luu van hda se
lam cho cac dan tdc xich lai gin nhau hem,
tinh nhan loai dtrpc ehii y hon, nhung phat
trien van hoa khdng thi lam mit di truyin

thdng va ban sic rieng eua dan tdc. Phai bilt
hpe tap van hda uu tti cua thi gidi ddng thdi
vdi viec giii viing va phat huy ban sic van hda
ctia dan tdc thi phat trien van hda mdi thuc sir
diing dan va ben vung. •

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