BỘ BÀI TẬP VIẾT LẠI CÂU GIỮ NGUYÊN NGHĨA ( DÙNG ÔN HSG LỚP 10,11,12)
REVIEW OF STRUCTURE SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
Model 1 : Because /as/ since + clause
®Because of/ due to/ owing to + noun/ V-ing
Because she behaves well, everybody loves her
®Because of her good behaviour, everybody loves her
• Model 2 : although/ thought /even though + clause
®Despite /in spite of + Noun/ V-ing
In spite of being tired, they stayed until they found out what happened
®Although they very tired, they ……
• Model 3 : too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
®So + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
The box was too heavy that the children couldn’t carry it
®It was such a heavy box that the children coyldn’t carry it
• Mode l 4 : too + adj (for sb) +to-inf
®Not + adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
Mary is too young to grt married
®Marry isn’t older enough to get married
• Model 5 : adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
®So + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj) noun + that (clause)
®This question is easy enough for us to answer
®It is such an easy question thet we can answer
• Model 6 : so + adj +that(clause)
Such + (a/an adj)noun + that(clause)
®Too + adj (for sb) + to-inf
Adj + enough (for sb) + to-inf
It was such an interesting novel that I read it many times
The noval was interesting enough for me to read many times
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• Model 7 : so + adj + that (clause)
Such + (a/an adj ) noun + that (clause)
The film was so good that I saw it three times
®It was such adj good film that I saw it three times
• Mode l 8 : to-inf + be +adj
It be adj to - inf
How adj (it be) to - inf
It be adj V – ing
•

To sit here with you is so nice
It's so nice to sit here with you
it's so nice sitting here with you
how nice it is to sit here with you
• Mode l 9 : to-inf + be + adj /noun
1


S + V + it + adj/noun + to-inf
To live on my salary must be hard
I find it hard to on my salary
• Model 10 : condition sentences
a) I can't see the play because it is soiled oiut
if the play weren’t soiled out, I could see it
b) we didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money
if we had had enoughj money we could have come on holiday
• Model 11 : if … not unless
Unless you phone me immediately, you’ll get some information
If you phone me immediately, you will get some information
• Model 12 : wish

Future would if
Past past perfect subjunctive
Present past subjunctive
a) My wife can't speak English
I wish my wife could speak English
b) what adj pity you failed in your driving test
I wish you hadn’t failed in your driving test
c) She won’t visit me again
I wish she would visit me again
• Model 13 : S + V (pre perfect) + time
It is + time + since + clause (V-simple past)
a) tom and marry have been married for 5 years
it is 5 years since tom and marry got married
b) I haven’t my parents for 1 month
it's 1 month since I last saw my parents
• Model 14 : S + have/has not + V(pp)
… first time + S + have/has + pp
I haven’t seen that man here before
It's the first time I have seen that man here
• Model 15 : S + have/has not + V(pp) + since/for
S + last + V (past) + when (clause)
The last times + S + was
a) I haven’t heard him since August
the last times I heard him was in August
b) I haven’t seen him since I was a student
the last times I saw him when I was a student
• Model 16 : S + V (past) + ago
S + have/has been + V-ing + since/for
He started working for this factory a year ago
He had been working for this factory since last year

• Model 17 : S+V + ...time
It take (O) + time + to-inf
2

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She typed the letter in 20 minutes
It took her 20 minutes to type the letter
• Model 18 : S + V + not + untill …..
It was not until… that…
Tom didn’t begin to read until he was eight
It was not until tom was eight that he began to read
• Model 19 : Causative form
+ Active : S + V + O
S + have + O1 + inf + O2 (have S.O + doing )
Get to-inf
I’ll have Tom wash my car
I’ll get Tom to wash my car
+Passive S + have/get + O + V(pp) (have S.th done)
I’ll have the car washed
I’ll get the car washed
• Model 20 ; Passive form
S+V+O
S + be + V (pp) + (by…)
No one has ever dicuss this question
That question has never been dicussed
• Model 21 :
Rumour, find, believe, think, know, say, that …..
It + be + V (pp) + that …

S2 + be + V (pp) + to-inf / to have + pp
a) They think that the owner of the house is abroad
it is though that the owner of the house is though to be abroad
the owner of the house is though to be abroad
b) people thoug that he had died in the battler
it was though that he had died in the battle
• Model 22 : adj /adv + er + than
More + adj /adv + than
more power to your elbow!
Someone, They, people,
The adj /adv + est
The most + adj / adv
No one in the group is younger than her
She’s the youngest in the group
• Model 23 : not + so / as +adj /adv + as
Adj /adv + er + than
Stone isn’t hard as iron
Iron is harder than stone
• Model 24 : clause 1 + clause 2
The comparative + the comparative
The more + S+V + the more + S + V
Less less
3

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As I get older, I want to travel less
The older I get, the less travel I want
• Model 25 : hardly (past perfect)…when

Scarely (past perfect)…when
No sooner (past perfect)… than
… no sooner (past perfect) … than
he had no sooner seen me than he ran away
he had hardly seen me when he ran away
no sooner had he seen me than he ran away
hardly he had seen me when he ran away
• Model 26 : S + V = Auxilary + S +V …
He didn't return to his native village until the war ended
Not until the war ended, he dud return to his native village
Never
[không bao giờ]
Seldom
[hiếm khi]
Not only … but also [không những… mà còn]
Not until … [mãi cho tới khi ]
Hardly… when [vừa mới ..rồi th.]
Hardly ever [ít khi]
Neither …nor [cũng không]
Scarely … when… [vừa… rồi thì lại ]
Only then/when
[chỉ lúc đó]
Only by
[chỉ bằng cách ]
Only after Ving or clause.
Nowhere
[không nơi nào]
So…that … [đến nỗi mà]
In no circumtances [không trường hợp nào ]
On no acount

[không vì lí do gì]
• Model 27 : S+V (not) S + V (not) either
Neither… nor
He isn’t going to attend the meeting, I’m not either
Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting
• Model 28 : why don’t you + V …?
S + suggested + that (clause) (should + V)
“why don’t you apply for the job,Ann ?” said Sue
Mary suggestsd that Tom should apply for the job
• Model 29 ; indirect speech
a) Tom ask me, “what’s her name ?”
Tom ask me what her name was
b) she said: “are you hungry,Tom ?”
she asked Tom if he was hungry
c) Mary said to Tom “open the door, please”
Mary asked Tom to open the door
d) he said to them : “Don’t be latr tomorrow “
he told them not to be late tomorrow
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Model 30 : S + V (past) V-ing
(didn’t ) not V-ing
(had + pp) having + pp
Tom had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again
Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again
• Model 31 : S + cannot + inf
S + prevent + O from + V-ing

Because of the rough sea, the farry couldn’t sailed
The rough sea prevented the ferry from sailing
• Model 32 : adj verb
It isn’t necessary to finish the work today
You don’t need to finish the work today
• Model 33 : verbnoun
He didn’t intend to stay here
He had no intention to stay here
• Model 34 : clause gerund/phrase
Let’s invite the Browns to the party on Sunday
He suggested inviting the Browns to the party on Sunday
• Model 35 : simple sentence complex sentence
Youth is the time for the formation of character
Youth is the time when character is formed
• Model 36 : it's time for S.b to do S.th = it's time ….. S.b did S.th
•

EXERCISES I
I. Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word
given. Here is an example (0).
Example: (0) It is no use trying to convince her. She won’t listen. point

Giaoandethitienganh.info

There ……is no point in trying to ….convince her. She won’t listen.
1. She only came to the cinema because you insisted.

never


She would have ………………………………………………………. you hadn’t insisted.
2. The other team were so good that there was obviously no way we could win the match. stand
The other team were so good that we ………………………………………winning the match
3. There is a rumour that Mr Smith, the CEO , resigned yesterday.

handed

Mr Smith, the …………………………..….his resignation yesterday.
4. We are sure people will object to the idea of raising taxes again.

bound

There are ………………………………………….…the idea of raising taxes again.
5


5. It seems as if we have misunderstood each other.

been

There seems ……………………………………………………….between us.
6. Kurt was at a loss to explain who the smart phone belonged to and why it was in his coat pocket. whose
Kurt had absolutely…………………………………………was and why it was in his coat pocket.
7. “You should formally complain about the terrible service you received at the hotel.” Said Jane to Mike.
make
Jane suggested ..............................................…about the terrible service that he received at the hotel..
8. I didn't know it was Tom until he took off his helmet. I
Only when he……………………………………………..…recognise Tom.
9. Perhaps Damian heard about the problem from Michael.


have

Damian ……………………………………….…..the problem from Michael.
10. If I hadn’t made that mistake, I would have passed the exam.

for

If ……………………………………………………….that mistake, I would have passed the exam.
11. If Ethan hadn’t helped me , I wouldn’t have been able to finish the project on time.

for

Had ………………………………………., I wouldn’t have been able to finish the project on time.
12. They will have to close the shop if sales do not increase.

increase

If there……………………………………………………….., they will have to close the shop.
13. You led me to believe that you were interested in the job.

impression

I ………………………………………………….…that you were interested in the job.
14. They didn’t give me the job because I didn’t have the right experience.

grounds

I was not ……………………………………………………….that I didn’t have the right experience.
15. “I am confident that Tim will be a successful footballer." Said MrGiaoandethitienganh.info
Bradbury. chances

Mr Bradbury said he ……………………………………… of becoming a successful footballer.
16. I didn’t feel like going out yesterday. That’s why I didn’t call you.

mood

If I ……………………………………………………….going out yesterday, I would have called you.
17. Brad lost his job because he was late too many times.

grounds

Brad was fired… ……………………………………………………….… of his lateness.
18. Emma couldn’t play the match because she was injured.

prevented

Her …..……………………………………………………….……..the match
19. It really gets on my nerves when Jack blames others for his problems.
6

lay


I wish Jack ….……………………………………………………….……his problems on others.
20. Ian was determined to become a very successful writer.

set

Ian…..……………………………………….…. mark as a writer.
21. Susan is more interested in politics than you might expect.


less

You ……………………………………………………….….. interested in politics.
22. There has been a dramatic fall in the number of applications for visas over the last decade. fallen
The number of …………………………….… over the last decade.
23. Some sales assistants were fired because there was an unexpected fall in sales in December. falling
Owing ……………………………………………….…in December, some sales assistants were fired.
24. The price of petrol is unlikely to change much this year.

stable

The price of petrol ……………………………………………….… this year.
25. You have to study if you want to pass the exam, even if you don’t like it.

however

If you want to pass the exam, you have to study,….………………………………………like it.
26. My book was supposed to be published this week, but there have been problems.

due

My book ….……………………………… … this week, but there have been problems.
27. Even if it is very expensive, they want to buy a hololens.

may

Expensive …………………………………, they want to buy a hololens.
28. I never thought he could be lying to us.

occurred


It…………………………………………… that he could be lying to us.
29. Pauline was surprised at the directness of Mike’s answer.

aback

Pauline ….……………………………. the directness of Mike’s answer.
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disregard

30. Graham didn’t care at all about other people’s feelings.

Graham …………………………………………… other people’s feelings.
31. If you come to Madrid, you can stay in my house.

put

I … ……………………………………if you come to Madrid.
32. Jane cried her eyes out immediately when she was told her father had died.

burst

Jane ….………………………………………….as she was told her father had died.
33. Joseph managed to convince his boss to give him a pay rise.

event

Joseph managed …………………………………………………… him a pay rise.
34. My brother broke the vase. Sam said.


it
7


Sam said… ………………………………………………… broke the vase.
35. Any time you see Cate, ask her about her new novel.

happen

If ….…………………………………………………Cate, ask her about her new novel.
36. Because he wants to work in advertising, Christian is studying marketing.

view

Christian is studying marketing ………………………………………in advertising.
37. John said that he almost never drinks whisky at home.

I

Rarely ……………………………………….… at home. Said John.
38. Eric apologized to John for saying he was an idiot.

back

Eric …………………………………about John being an idiot.
39. Don’t ever leave the door open.

account

On ….……………………………………………………….…leave the door open.

40. Janine regretted being so rude to her friend Rose.

wishes

Janine ……………………………………………so rude to her friend Rose.
41. Mel was greatly offended by Sean’s remarks about Muslims.

exception

Mel ………………………………………………Sean’s remarks about Muslims.
42. As soon as I finished my speech, the audience broke into applause.

way

No ……………………………………………………than the audience broke into applause.
43. I only stopped worrying when they told me his injuries were superficial.

calm

Only when they told me his injuries were superficial ……………………………..
44. Buying a new house is not possible at the moment.

question

It……………………………………………………….…buy a new house at the moment.
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45. We were faced with many problems that prevented us finishing the
project on time.
against


If we ……………………………many problems, we would have finished the project on time.
46. Men outnumbered women by two to one at the meeting.

twice

There… ……………………………………………women at the meeting yesterday.
47. If I could choose, I’d prefer to live in Ireland or Germany.

rather

If given….………………………… , …………………………….…in Ireland or Germany.
48. The CEO never said anything about people having to be made redundant.

time

At …………………………………say anything about people having to be made redundant.
49. Calling Mike has been in the back of my mind for a while, but I haven’t done it yet.
8

round


It’s been in the back of mind to call Mike for a while, but I .. ………………………….. it yet.
50. Owing to bad weather conditions, we were forced to stay at home.

choice

With bad weather conditions, we ………………………………to stay at home.
EXERCISES II
II. Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word

given. Do not change the word given.
You must use between three and six words, including the word given.
Here is an example (0).
Example: (0) There is no point in trying to convince her. She won’t listen.

use

It……is no use trying to ….convince her. She won’t listen.
1. He lost no time in telling what he wanted us to do.

bush

He …………………………......................…………….about what he wanted us to do.
2. I advised John not too buy such an old car, but he ignored me.

ear

I told John it wasn’t a good idea to buy such an old car, but …………………………. to my advice.
3. Mike explained to me what had happened.

picture

Mike ……………………………………………………….. about what had happened.
4. My new car is not only very big but also fast and comfortable.

mention

My new car is very big, …………………………………….. fast and comfortable.
5. He is an expert at flipping pancakes.


comes

When ………………………………………… pancakes, he's an expert.
6. Some people mistake her shyness for aloofness.

across

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She is quite shy, but she can ………………………………………………..
to some people.

7. The patient took 20 minutes to regain consciousness after the operation.

round

It took the ……………………………………………………….. after the operation.
8. I can’t understand why anyone would want to buy such an old house.

beyond

It ……………………………………………why anyone would want to buy such an old house.
9. Let me show you how this machine works.

demonstration

Let ……………………………………………. of how this machine works.
10. His last book helps to understand what the world of beer brewing is really like.

insight


His last book ……………………………………………………. the world of beer brewing.
9


11. We are highly likely to win the tournament.

probability

There ………………………………………….. we will win the tournament.
12. It was discovered that she had been stealing money, and she was fired.

emerged

She was fired because ………………………………………………….. stolen money.
13. “The fired me because of Sam”- said Anna.

cause

Anna said that …………………………………………… of her being fired.
14. He is a black belt in Brazilian jiu jitsu; therefore, he knows how to defend himself.

Being

……………………………………………. black belt, he knows how to defend himself.
15. Mr Smith said that he is strict with his employees.

admitted

Mr Smith ………………………………………. strict with his employees.
16. Instead of the £2 million of last year, this year we have a budget of £8 million


opposed

This year’s budget is £8 million, …………………………………………., which was only £2.
17. Kent didn't pass the exam because he ran out of time.

running

Kent ………………………………………………why he didn’t pass the exam.
18. Most of my English colleagues prefer to drink tea rather than coffee.

preference

Most of my English colleagues …………………………………………………….. coffee.
19. The pickpocket was caught while attempting to steal a man’s wallet.

act

The pickpocket was caught …………………………………………… to steal a man’s wallet.
20. She still hasn't recovered from her husband’s death last year.

over

Her husband died last year, but ……………………………………………………….. yet.
21. Tom was invited to the wedding, but he didn’t turn up.

appearance

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Although Tom was invited to the wedding, he ……………………………………………..


22. Many people believe that sharks usually attack humans, but that is not true.

to

Contrary …………………………….., ………………………….. usually attack humans.
23. Although I’m not looking forward to telling her that her son has been arrested, I have to. relish
I ………………………………………….. that her son has been arrested, but I have to.
24. His goal is to be a millionaire by the time he is 25.

aims

He …………………………………..a millionaire by the time he is 25.
25. I don't speak Spanish, that’s why I didn't get the job.

spoke

If …………………………………………., ………………….. have got the job.
10


26. Bullying is unacceptable under any circumstances.

no

Under ………………………………….. bullying acceptable.
27. I did not understand why she was angry until she told me what had happened.

I


Only when she told me what had happened …………………………………………….was angry.
28. I didn’t know you were going to be there, otherwise I’d have gone too.

I

Had ………………………………………………. to be there, I would have gone too.
29. How likely is Kevin to win the competition?

chances

What ………………………………………………….. the competition?
30. Very few people buy video players these days.

demand

Video players ………………………………………………………….. these days.
31. George got used very quickly to living abroad.

adapted

George ……………………………………………………………….. abroad.
32. No one really expected Thomas to finish the marathon.

came

It ……………………………………………………. when Thomas finished the marathon.
33. If Ann were not so wealthy, Oliver wouldn’t be marrying her.

for


But ………………………………….., Oliver wouldn’t be marrying her.
34. He was such a handsome man that most girls were attracted to him

so

He …………………………………………….. man that most girls were attracted to him.
35. At 6 p.m. , he probably was on his way home from work.

may

At 6 p.m., …………………………………………………….. on his way home from work.
36. She is not a well-educated person.

way

She doesn't ………………………………………………………. of Giaoandethitienganh.info
education
37. I think he was offended at your comments about his work.

exception

I think …………………………………………………. your comments about his work.
38. It's very unlikely that John will get a pay rise this year

chance

There is very ………………………………………………………. a pay rise this year.
39. Her father was talking, but she was not listening to him.

notice


She didn’t ………………………………………………………. her father said.
40. It’s not possible that you saw Liam at the supermarket. He is Germany this week. have
You ……………………………………….. Liam at the supermarket. He is in Germany this week.
11


41. I don't mind at all if you use my laptop.

objection

I have ………………………………………………………………………………. my laptop.
42. He was so determined to succeed that he became a millionaire by age 30.

was

Such ………………………………………………………. that he became a millionaire by age 30.
43. I’ve been looking for my keys for hours, but I haven’t found them anywhere. nowhere
My ……………………………………………………… found.
44. “Your attitude will cost you your job”. Said the manager to Patrick. lead
According to the manager …………………………………………………….. him losing his job.
45. Caroline got the job even though she had never work in sales before.

spite

In …………………………………………………………….. in sales before, Caroline got the job.
46. His manager persuaded him not to hand in his resignation.

out


His manager ………………………………………………… in his resignation.
47. I know that Jack tends to exaggerate.

tendency

I know ………………………………………………………….. exaggerate.
48. A traffic jam delayed me for two hours.

held

I …………………………………. for two hours by a traffic jam.
49. After the scandal the managing director was forced to resign.

choice

After the scandal the managing director ……………………………………………….. resign.
50. Adam is by nature a success-driven person.

nature

It is ………………………………………………………. a success-driven person.
EXERCISES III
III. Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning Giaoandethitienganh.info
to the first sentence, using the word
given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word
given. Here is an example (0).
Example: (0) There is no point in trying to convince her. She won’t listen.
use - It……is no use trying to ….convince her. She won’t listen.
1. He lost no time in telling what he wanted us to do. - bush
He …………………………......................…………….about what he wanted us to do.

2. I advised John not too buy such an old car, but he ignored me.

ear

I told John it wasn’t a good idea to buy such an old car, but …………..………………. to my advice.
12


3. Mike explained to me what had happened.

picture

Mike ……………………………………………………….. about what had happened.
4. My new car is not only very big but also fast and comfortable.

mention

My new car is very big, …………………………………….. fast and comfortable.
5. He is an expert at flipping pancakes.

comes

When ………………………………………… pancakes, he's an expert.
6. Some people mistake her shyness for aloofness.

across

She is quite shy, but she can ……………………………………………….. to some people.
7. The patient took 20 minutes to regain consciousness after the operation.


round

It took the ……………………………………………………….. after the operation.
8. I can’t understand why anyone would want to buy such an old house.

beyond

It ……………………………………………why anyone would want to buy such an old house.
9. Let me show you how this machine works.

demonstration

Let ……………………………………………. of how this machine works.
10. His last book helps to understand what the world of beer brewing is really like.

insight

His last book ……………………………………………………. the world of beer brewing.
11. We are highly likely to win the tournament.

probability

There ………………………………………….. we will win the tournament.
12. It was discovered that she had been stealing money, and she was fired.

emerged

She was fired because ………………………………………………….. stolen money.
13. “The fired me because of Sam”- said Anna.


cause

Giaoandethitienganh.info
Anna said that …………………………………………… of her being
fired.

14. He is a black belt in Brazilian jiu jitsu; therefore, he knows how to defend himself.

Being

……………………………………………. black belt, he knows how to defend himself.
15. Mr Smith said that he is strict with his employees.

admitted

Mr Smith ………………………………………. strict with his employees.
16. Instead of the £2 million of last year, this year we have a budget of £8 million

opposed

This year’s budget is £8 million, …………………………………………., which was only £2.
17. Kent didn't pass the exam because he ran out of time.

running

Kent ………………………………………………why he didn’t pass the exam.
13


18. Most of my English colleagues prefer to drink tea rather than coffee.


preference

Most of my English colleagues …………………………………………………….. coffee.
19. The pickpocket was caught while attempting to steal a man’s wallet.

act

The pickpocket was caught …………………………………………… to steal a man’s wallet.
20. She still hasn't recovered from her husband’s death last year.

over

Her husband died last year, but ……………………………………………………….. yet.
21. Tom was invited to the wedding, but he didn’t turn up.

appearance

Although Tom was invited to the wedding, he ……………………………………………..
22. Many people believe that sharks usually attack humans, but that is not true.

to

Contrary …………………………….., ………………………….. usually attack humans.
23. Although I’m not looking forward to telling her that her son has been arrested, I have to. relish
I ………………………………………….. that her son has been arrested, but I have to.
24. His goal is to be a millionaire by the time he is 25.

aims


He …………………………………..a millionaire by the time he is 25.
25. I don't speak Spanish, that’s why I didn't get the job.

spoke

If …………………………………………., ………………….. have got the job.
26. Bullying is unacceptable under any circumstances.

no

Under ………………………………….. bullying acceptable.
27. I did not understand why she was angry until she told me what had happened.

I

Only when she told me what had happened …………………………………………….was angry.
28. I didn’t know you were going to be there, otherwise I’d have gone too.

I

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Had ………………………………………………. to be there, I would
have gone too.

29. How likely is Kevin to win the competition?

chances

What ………………………………………………….. the competition?
30. Very few people buy video players these days.


demand

Video players ………………………………………………………….. these days.
31. George got used very quickly to living abroad.

adapted

George ……………………………………………………………….. abroad.
32. No one really expected Thomas to finish the marathon.

came

It ……………………………………………………. when Thomas finished the marathon.
14


33. If Ann were not so wealthy, Oliver wouldn’t be marrying her.

for

But ………………………………….., Oliver wouldn’t be marrying her.
34. He was such a handsome man that most girls were attracted to him

so

He …………………………………………….. man that most girls were attracted to him.
35. At 6 p.m. , he probably was on his way home from work.

may


At 6 p.m., …………………………………………………….. on his way home from work.
36. She is not a well-educated person.

way

She doesn't ………………………………………………………. of education
37. I think he was offended at your comments about his work.

exception

I think …………………………………………………. your comments about his work.
38. It's very unlikely that John will get a pay rise this year

chance

There is very ………………………………………………………. a pay rise this year.
39. Her father was talking, but she was not listening to him.

notice

She didn’t ………………………………………………………. her father said.
40. It’s not possible that you saw Liam at the supermarket. He is Germany this week.

have

You ……………………………………….. Liam at the supermarket. He is in Germany this week.
41. I don't mind at all if you use my laptop.

objection


I have ………………………………………………………………………………. my laptop.
42. He was so determined to succeed that he became a millionaire by age 30.

was

Such ………………………………………………………. that he became a millionaire by age 30.
43. I’ve been looking for my keys for hours, but I haven’t found them anywhere.
My ……………………………………………………… found.

nowhere

Giaoandethitienganh.info

44. “Your attitude will cost you your job”. Said the manager to Patrick.

lead

According to the manager …………………………………………………….. him losing his job.
45. Caroline got the job even though she had never work in sales before.

spite

In …………………………………………………………….. in sales before, Caroline got the job.
46. His manager persuaded him not to hand in his resignation.

out

His manager ………………………………………………… in his resignation.
47. I know that Jack tends to exaggerate.


tendency

I know ………………………………………………………….. exaggerate.
15


48. A traffic jam delayed me for two hours.

held

I …………………………………. for two hours by a traffic jam.
49. After the scandal the managing director was forced to resign.

choice

After the scandal the managing director ……………………………………………….. resign.
50. Adam is by nature a success-driven person.

nature

It is ………………………………………………………. a success-driven person.
EXERCISES - IV
Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given.
Here is an example (0). Example o It's true that the company might go into liquidation if it's not careful.
DANGER
It's true that the company might go into liquidation if it's not careful.
1 The moment I shouted he ran away SOONER
No ........................................... he ran away.

2 I'm sure that it was the sound of the rain that disturbed me. MUST
It .......................................... of the rain that disturbed me.
3 I managed to finish all the homework before the deadline' SUCCEEDED
I ... . ...... the homework before the deadline'
4 I took the only course open to me and changed my job. DID
What I... .. ............................ , which was the only course open to me.
5 They don't allow people who arrive late at the opera house in until the interval. ARE
People who arrive late at the opera house ...... until the interval.
6 My application for the job was turned down because I didn't have the right qualifications. GROUNDS
My application for the job was turned down ......................................... didn't have the right qualifications.
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7 It's impossible that you saw John last night - he's in the USA! HAVE
John's in the USA, so ………………………..... him last night.
8 I am confident that he will be successful in his career. CHANCES
I am confident ...................................................... in his career.
9 If you feel stressed, breathing slowly should calm you down. MAKE
Breathing slowly ..... .. ... .... if you feel stressed.
10 I am really bad at remembering people's names when I meet them.
MEMORY
I ................................................................................ people's names when I meet them.
11 He lost his job because he was inefficient.

GROUNDS

He lost his job ……………………………...................................... his inefficiency.
12 I'm sorry that I didn't help him.

REGRET
16



I ...................................................................................... him.
13 I couldn't go away for the weekend because I didn't have enough money. PREVENTED
I was …………………………………………………….............. for the weekend by lack of money.
14 Jane was advised to work harder by her Maths teacher

RECOMMENDED

The Maths teacher ……………………………………………………………..harder.
15 This was Peter's biggest challenge to date.

FACED

Peter .................................................................................. challenge before.
16 I wish I had tried harder when I was at school.

REGRET

I really ................................................................................. when I was at school!
17 I wish people wouldn't talk during the performance – it makes me really uptight.

NERVES

It really ................................................................... people talk during a performance.
18 He is so ambitious - he's determined that he'll be successful in the company.

MARK

He is determined ............................................................. in the company.
19 Can you suggest a way of turning dreams into reality for ambitious people?


TRUE

Can you suggest how …………………………………………….for ambitious people?
20 I don't want to take part in the project.

RATHER

I …………………….................................................. part in the project.
21 I don't have any free time, so I can't come to the theatre with you.

WOULD

If I …………………………..……………………………………come to the theatre with you.
22 This milk is bad - it smells terrible!

OFF

This milk………………………………………. it smells terrible!
Giaoandethitienganh.info
23 What the archaeologists discovered when they opened the tomb was
amazing.
MADE

The ............................................................................ when they opened the tomb was amazing .
24 People are more interested in history than you might expect.

LESS

You ......................................................................................................... interested in history.

25 For me, imagining what life must have been like then is just not possible .

QUITE

I find it ………………………………………………………… what life must have been like then.
26 It's difficult for a poorly performing company to make a profit.

TURN

If a company is performing poorly, it's difficult .................................................................. one .
27 The failure of the company was incredibly disappointing.
17

BITTERLY


I ……………………................................................................... the failure of the company.
28 The number of people travelling through the airport was highest in August.

REACHED

The number of people travelling through the airport .............................................................. in August.
29 There has been a huge increase in tourism this year.

GROWN

Tourism .............................................................................................. this year.
30 The number of visitors to the island has fallen dramatically.

STEEP


There ............................................................................ the number of visitors to the island.
31 We have maintained the level of visitors to the museum this year.

STABLE

The number of visitors to the museum ................................................................................. this year.
32 The shares index fell slightly before recovering to its previous level.

BRIEF

There .................................. the shares index before it recovered to its previous level.
33 Although many travel companies had financial difficulties last year, they seem to have recovered now.
TREND
Al though many travel companies had financial difficulties last year, it seems as though
............................................................................... now.
34 Some people have been saying what a good move emigrating would be,

ARGUED

It ………………………………………….………………………emigrating would be a good move.
35 The size of the population is unlikely to change much in the near future. STABLE
The size of the population……………………………..……………………………in the near future.
36 “I think Joe should serious ly reconsider his plans”: said the careers advisor, RECOMMENDED
The careers advisor………………………………………..…………………….his plans.
37 It doesn't matter if you think you know the subject well, you mustGiaoandethitienganh.info
rev ise for the exam. HOWEVER
You must revise for the exam,………………………………………………….you know the subject.
38 It was only after telling everyone that it was his birthday that John got lots of cards. HAVING
John only got lots of cards……………………………………………… it was his birthday.

39 However hard she tries, she still manages to offend people.

MATTER

It ……………………………………………… she tries, she still manages to offend people.
40 Whatever film you want to see will be good for us. MIND
We………………………………………………………………. film you want.
41 Before he put forward the proposal, I'm sure he took the comments of local residents on board.
18

WILL


Before he put forward the proposal, I'm sure he .................................................... of local residents on
board.
42 I expect I'll leave home before I'm twenty.

TIME

I expect I will ...................................................................... I'm twenty.
43 I know that I'll find the right job soon.

MATTER

I know ………………………………….................... before I find the right job.
44 They confidently expect the broadcast to go ahead at 6 p.m.

SURE

They..................................................................................................... go ahead at 6 pm.

45 I'm sure he' ll get a promotion very soon.

LONG

I'm sure it ………………………………………………….…………………………… he gets a promotion.
46 I have decided to make a definite plan for my future career. AM
What ………………………………………………... is make a definite plan for my future career.
47 Staying another night would have meant paying more. IF
I would have had to…………………………………………………….another night.
48 People will always want entertainment, providing that they have the time to enjoy it.

LONG

There will always be a need for entertainment,……………….………………….. the time to enjoy it.
49 Scientists have made an unexpected discovery in the treatment of cancer. BREAKTHROUGH
There ............................................................................. in the treatment of cancer.
50 I thought very hard but couldn't remember the answer.

RACKED

I ....................................................... to remember the answer.
51 I made the decision to go to university after all.

DECIDED

What I…………………………................. to university after all.

Giaoandethitienganh.info

52 However hard I look, up to now I haven't been able to find a job. ALTHOUGH

I haven't been able to find a job …………………………………..looking really hard.
53 I don't think my future job prospects are very good, which is very worrying.

ABOUT

I …………................................. my future job prospects.
54 Originally, the course was to include music, but that changed.

HAVE

Originally, the course ………………………………………………….. but that changed.
55 The only thing I didn't love about the concert was the price. FROM
I loved everything .......................................... the price.
19


56 Even if you think you know the person well, you must work at the relationship. HOWEVER
You must work at the relationship………………………………………. know the person.
57 It was only when he started to work hard that Peter got good results. AFTER
Peter got good results.................................................... work hard.
58 I planned to visit her on Friday but I heard she'd gone on holiday. WOULD
I........................................................ on Friday but I heard she'd gone on holiday.
59 They were supposed to publish my book next month but it's been delayed. DUE
Although my book……………………. .......... next month, it's been delayed.
60 I'd planned a meeting with her at the weekend but she called it off.

GOING

I .......................................... at the weekend but sehe called it off.
61 The irate customer refused to speak to anyone other than the store manager.


ON

The irate customer ……………………….. to the store manager and no one else.
62 I was just about to call you to tell you about the rearranged meeting.

POINT

I was .......................................................... you to tell you about the rearranged meeting.
63 My sister was totally shocked when she won the lottery. CAME
Winning the lottery .......................................................... my sister.
64 Joe originally intended to drive but the bad weather caused him to change his mind.

WAS

Joe's ......................................... drive but the bad weather caused him to change his mind.
65 It was heavy snow on the line that delayed the train.

HELD

The train would have arrived on time if it ..................................... heavy snow on the line.
66 She realised she'd lost her keys the moment she arrived home. SOONER
Giaoandethitienganh.info

No .. . ................... she realised she'd lost her keys.

67 He clearly felt very strongly about the situation, which took me by surprise. STRENGTH
It ......................................... about the situation that took me by surprise.
68 Brian was interested in North American history in his school days.


INTEREST

Brian ……………………………..………. North American history in his school days.
69 When it comes to population, Beijing’s is much bigger than Auckland’s.

POPULATED

Beijing is……………………………………… than Auckland.
70 The manager should think about experience when hiring new staff. CONSIDERATION
The manager should ……………………………… when hiring new staff.
20


EXERCISES V.

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION WITH IDIOMS
1. I don’t think the television’s likely to blow up at any minute. Likelihood

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. This car only cost me five hundred pounds. picked

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Someone paid five thousands pounds for the painting. went

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. We have made neither a profit nor a loss this year. even

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. In 1967 programs began to be transmitted in colours. advent


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. I find Harold’s behavior quite incomprehensible. loss

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. The severity of the punishment bore no relation to the seriousness of the crime. proportion

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. I’m afraid our problems are just beginning. iceberg

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football. shoulders

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10.Thomas was not given details of the company’s new project. Dark

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Giaoandethitienganh.info
11.I was too scared to tell him what I really thought. lacked

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
12.The police ended the fighting between the two gangs by arresting the leaders. stop

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13.Travelling alone is not just a matter of taking a good guidebook with you. more

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
14.The way he took everything she did for granted really annoyed her. BACK

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15.She was so anxious while the results were read out. BREATH

21


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
16.The house shouldn’t be left unlocked for any reason. ACCOUNT

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
17.A huge investment has been put into the field of solar-electricity. INVEST

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
18.Alice was not a confident person, and that was why she was so shy. DUE

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
19.When I started work, I was so inexperienced that I couldn’t send a fax. CLUE

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
20.What you have been saying is quite irrelevant. BEDISE

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
21.Please stop criticizing everybody! DOWN

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
22.We don’t expect that the missing climbers have survived. HOLD

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
23.Helen’s report is rather unclear in places. LACKING

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
24.Everybody in the audience stood to applaud the actor’s performance. STANDING


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
25.Taxpayers had to pay the cost of the privatization plan. FOOT

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
26.The fact that he will never race again is something he cannot accept. TERMS
Giaoandethitienganh.info
? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
27.A government official leaked the story to the world press. WIND

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
28.Building societies will have to guard against their rivals. LAURELS

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
29.He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer. NAME

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
30.He makes sure that he isn't associated with policies he disagrees with. DISTANCES

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
31.I really don't know what you're talking about. FAINTEST
22


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
32.I feel I am not being treated fairly. RAW

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
33.Someone paid five thousand pounds for the painting. WENT

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

34.You can walk to the station easily from the hotel. DISTANCE

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
35.Pauline isn’t one of the people who know the secret. ON

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
36.We don’t expect that the missing climbers have survived. HOLD

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
37.You must accept the fact that she has left you. TERMS

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
38.He was not given details of the company’s new plans. DARK

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
39.Stop criticizing everybody! Down

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
40.Terry has just insured her life. out

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
41.In the end it was discovered that Joe was the thief. OUT

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
42.I need a calculator to arrive at the total. OUT

Giaoandethitienganh.info
? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
43.I met your friend David the other day. INTO


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
44.I think you’ve been overcharged, old son! OFF

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
45.I think we should increase the pressure on her to resign. UP

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
46.I won’t allow swearing in my classroom. FOR

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
47.The company was bought up by a large multinational. OVER
23


? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
48.Your story is different from the facts. WITH

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
49.She feels uncomfortable when people tell her how beautiful she is. EMBARRASSES

? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
50. Don’t you remember anything about your lifetime in London as a child? RECOLLECTION

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
51. Any correspondence from the Canberra office must be dealt with before other matters. (PRIORITY)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
52. I advise you not to believe what you read in the papers about me. (RELIANCE)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

53. “I don’t mind where the money goes as long as the people are the real beneficiaries”. (MATTER)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
54. Critics are hoping the new director can bring some positive changes into the French film industry.

(BREATH)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
55. The terrorists attack on the Capital Trade Center was very much like the 11-9 attack on the WTO

building. (CARBON)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
56. It is very difficult to give the exact value of a table like this, but it’s probably worth about $5000.

(FIGURE)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
57. Five boys on a motorbike at the speed of 60mph is very likely to end up in hospital. (RECIPE)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Giaoandethitienganh.info

58. Detectives had stopped working on the Hornsey murders case three years previously. (BOOK)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
59. He is very good at cooking spaghetti. (DAB)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
60. We all want to make him realize that he is not as important as he thinks. (SIZE)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
61. He really disappointed me when breaking the promise to help me out. (TEETH)


……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
62. He died, having nothing of his own. (NAME)
24


……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
63. Have a look at this picture. It may help you to remember something. (JOG)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
64. Motorists are jamming the streets as they slow down to see the wall paintings. (HOLD UPS)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
65. He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer. (NAME)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
66. Social scientists find it hard to accept that the fall in the birth rate is responsible for the old age of our

society. (RESISTANCE)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
67. Every possible effort was made by the orphanage to find the boy’s parents. (STONE)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
68. The minister gave no precise figures about the casualties. (GO INTO)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
69. The new musical has delighted theatre audiences throughout the country. (STORM)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
70. They’ve been arguing about the motorway extension for years. (BONE)


……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
71. My father doesn’t approve of my borrowing so much money from a person like John. (VIEW)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
72. I like her a lot. (AFFECTION)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
73. You look as if something unpleasant has happened to you. (WARS)
Giaoandethitienganh.info

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
74. It’s brilliant film. – I laughed uncontrollably all through the way. (HEAD)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
75. She finds grammar exercises extremely boring. (STIFF)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
76. I’ll have to wait before I know whether he’ll keep his promise or not. (REMAINS)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
77. He was so worried that his mind couldn’t function normally. (STRAIGHT)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
25