Lecture Business and administrative communication: Chapter 6 - Kitty O. Locker, Donna S. Kienzler
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Chapter 6
Designing
Documents
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Chapter 6 Learning Objectives
LO 6-1 What document design is important and how to
incorporate it into the writing process
LO 6-2 The four levels of document design, and how
they can help you critique documents
LO 6-3 Guidelines for document design
LO 6-4 How to design brochures
LO 6-5 How to design infographics
LO 6-6 How to design web pages
LO 6-7 How to do basic usability testing on your
documents
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Why Design Matters
Saves time and money
Reduces legal problems
Builds goodwill
Looks inviting, friendly,
easy to read
Enhances credibility of
writer
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Design: Part of Writing
Think about design at each step
As you plan, think about audience
Skilled or busy?
Read straight through or skip around?
As you write, use lists, headings.
Use visuals to convey numerical data clearly
Get feedback from your audience
As you revise, check the design guidelines
that follow
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Design and Conventions
Vary widely by audience, geographic
area, industry, or department
Change over time
Violating is risky
Presents incorrect interpretations
Signals author is unreliable or
unknowledgeable
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Levels of Design
Intra—individual letters and words
Inter—blocks of text
Extra—graphics that go with the text
Supra—entire document
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Page Design Guidelines
Use white space
2. Use headings
3. Limit words in all capital letters
4. Use no more than two fonts per document
5. Justify margins selectively
6. Put key items at top left or bottom right
7. Use a grid unity
8. Use highlighting, decorative devices, and
color in moderation
1.
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Designing Brochures
Use this process to create effective
brochures
1.Analyze
your rhetorical situation
2.Draft the text
3.Select appropriate visuals
4.Create the design
5.Print the brochure
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Designing Infographics
Use this process to create effective
infographics
1.Analyze
your rhetorical situation
2.Research your topic
3.Find or create visuals
4.Draft the text
5.Put it all together
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Designing Web Pages
Use this process to create effective web
pages
Attract and maintain attention
Create a usable homepage
Provide easy navigation
Increase accessibility
Follow conventions
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Usability Tests
Watch someone use document to do a task
Ask user to think aloud during task
Interrupt at key points to find out what user
thinks
Ask user to describe thought process
afterwards
Ask user to put + and - signs in margins to
show likes and dislikes
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