CHỦ ĐỀ: REPORTED SPEECH
REPORTING STATEMENTS

(Tường thuật câu nói thông thường)
A. Các bước đổi:
1. Bắt đầu câu tường thuật bằng:
(He) said that …, hoặc (He) told me that …
NOTE: Chúng ta không dùng túc từ (object) sau “said”, nhưng sau “told” phải có túc từ (object).
Right:
(He) said that … / (He) said to me that …./(He) told me that …
Wrong:
(He) said me that … / (He) told that …
2. Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép khi tường thuật
3. Những biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp

Rule(QTắc)

1. Verbs
(Động từ)

2. Modal
verbs
3. Adverb
of place
4. Adverb
of time

5. Subject
/Object

Direct speech (Trực tiếp)

Present simple (V/ Vs/es)
Present progressive (is/ am/ are+Ving)
Present perfect (have/ has+VpII)
Past simple (Ved)
Past progressive (was/ were +Ving)

Reported speech (Gián tiếp)

Past perfect
Future simple (will +V)
Near future (is/ am/ are +going to+V)
Will
Can
May
Must
This
These
Here
Now
Today
Yesterday
The day before yesterday
Tomorrow
The day after tomorrow
Ago
This week
Last week
Last night
Next week
I/ me

We/ our

Past simple (Ved)
Past progressive (was/ were+Ving)
Past perfect (had+VPII)
Past perfect (had +VpII)
Past progressive/
Past perfect progressive (had +been +Ving)
Past perfect
Future in the past (would +V)
Was/ were +going to +V
Would
Could
Might
Must/Had to
That
Those
There
Then
That day
The day before/ the previous day
Two days before
The day after/ the next (following)day
Two days after/ in two days’ time
Before
That week
The week before/ the previous week
The night before
The week after/ the following week
She, he/ Her, him

They/ us

You/ you

I, we/ me, us

B. Những trường hợp không cần thay đổi khi tường thuật:
+ nếu hết cột để giảm thì không giảm nữa
e.g.: he would go -> he would go (would không còn cột để giảm nên giữ nguyên)
+ một sự thật luôn luôn đúng:
e.g.: my teacher said "the Sun rises in the East "
--> my teacher said that the Sun rises in the East (mặt trời mọc hướng đông là một chân lý nên giữ nguyên thì)
+ Câu quá khứ mà có năm xác định
e.g.: he said "I was born in 1980"
-> he said he was born in 1980 (giữ nguyên thì)
+ đông từ trong câu là quá khứ giả định ,hoặc câu điều kiện loại 2
e.g.: he said " if you were a millionaire,...."
-> he said to me that if I were a millionaire,.....(không giảm thì)
he said "I would rather you went home"
-> he said he would rather I went home (went ở trên là quá khứ giả định nên không giảm thì


EXERCISES:
1. He said, “I don’t know what happened.” -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. 'Oh, I'm too hot.' He said.  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. “She won’t come unless you invite her.”  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. 'I like your coat. I'm looking for one like that myself.'  -------------------------------------------------------------------7. 'John left here an hour ago.' She told me
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. “I saw her in the park two hours ago,” said he.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------9. 'I've been spending a lot more time with my children.'  ------------------------------------------------------------------10. `Jim's arriving at our house tomorrow.' She told me  ……………………………………………………………
11. 'You can stay in my house when I am on holiday.'
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------12. 'I'm sorry I couldn't come to visit you last summer.  ---------------------------------------------------------------------13. 'I was sure I'd left it here.' He said
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14. 'I grew these carrots myself.' He told me
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------15. 'I must say that at first I was confused by the question.'

 ---------------------------------------------------------------16. Marry said, “My father died a year ago”.___ _______________________________
17. John said, “I have finished studying my lesson”._______________________________________
18. Mary said, “I can not go to the movies with you, John”._ ________________________________
19. “I shall expect to see you next Wednesday.” Mary said to her friend.
___________________________________________________________
20. She said, “I’ll write him a prescription.”________________________________________________
REPORTED QUESTIONS (Tường thuật câu hỏi)
1. Chúng ta thường thuật câu hỏi bằng cách nói sau:
(He) asked (me) …./(He)wondered …./(He) wanted to know ….
2. Không đảo ngữ khi tường thuật câu hỏi.
3. Bỏ dấu chấm hỏi và dấu ngoặc kép.
4. Thay đổi thì, động từ, cách nói thời gian, nơi chốn và đại từ cho phù hợp.
5. Đối với câu hỏi “Wh-questions” ta lặp lại các từ hỏi: what, where, when, who, which, how, how much, how many, how
long, …. NOTE: không dùng trước chữ “that”
6. Đối với câu hỏi “Yes-No questions” dùng “if / whether”. NOTE: không dùng “that” trước “if / whether”
Example of wh-questions:
- “What is this man saying?”
 He asked me what that man was saying
- “When are you leaving for London”
 He wanted to know when I was leaving for London
- “Where did you buy this bag?”
 She wondered where I had bought that bag
Directed: “ wh-words + aux V + S + V?”
Indirected: S + asked
wanted to know + wh –word + S + V(backshift 1 tense + O
wondered
Example of yes-no questions:
- “Do you often go out in the evening?”
 He asked if/whether I often went out in the evening
- “Is your wife a good cook?”

 “She wanted to know if/whether my wife was a good cook.
- “Have you ever been to South America?”  He asked if/whether I had ever been to South America.
- “Did your father go to college?”  He wondered if/whether my father had gone to college
Directed: “Aux V + S + V?”
Indirected: S + asked
wanted to know + If/ whether + S + V(backshift 1 tense + O
wondered
1. “Do you always go to church on Sundays?” he asked.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. “What do you like about your job?” he asked.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. “Does your brother live in New York?” I asked Tom.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. “When did you start learning English?” they asked her.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. “Did you invite Judy and Pat to the party?” I asked them.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------6. “What time does the performance start?” she asked.
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


7. “Have you seen John recently?” they asked.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------8. I to Maria: ”Is this your first visit to Vietnam?”
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------9. “Why didn’t you go to my party last night?” I asked Andrew
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------10. “Who were you looking for?” Nick asked.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------11. “How long has Chris been smoking?” Nick asked.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. “Where are you spending your holiday?” said Tom.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------13. Howard said to me “Are you going to join this organization?”
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------14. My boss said to me ”Did you give the letter to Mr. Watson yesterday?”.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------15. She to the boy ”How long have you been studying at the school?”.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------16. Fred said to me “Why did those people leave so early?”.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------17. “Why do you change your job?” my mother said.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------18. “Where were you last night, Mr. John?” the police said.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------REPORTED SPEECH WITH SPECIAL VERBS (Câu tường thuật với các động từ đặc biệt)
A. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau bằng “to-V”

1. Tường thuật mệnh lệnh: told sb (not) to do sth.
“Put your books away ,” said the teacher.
 The teacher told us to put our books away.
2. Tường thuật lời yêu cầu: asked sb (not) to do sth.
“Please, don’t smoke in this room,” said the clerk.
 The clerk asked me not to smokr in that room.
3. Tường thuật lời khuyên: advised sb (not) to do sth.
“If I were you, I wouldn’t drink so much wine,” he said.  He advised me not to drink so much wine.
4. Tường thuật lời hứa: promised to do sth.
“ I’ll give you a hand, if you like,” said Darian.
 Darain promised to give me a hand, if I liked.
5. Tường thuật lời đe dọa: threaten to do sth’.
“Get out or I’ll call the police,” said the woman.
 The woman threatened to call the police if he didn’t get out.
6. Tường thuật lời cảnh báo: warned sb (not) to do sth.
“Don’t touch that wire,” he said.
 He warned me not to touch that wire.
7. Tường thuật lời mời: invited sb to do sth.
“Come for inner with us tonight, will you?” Bill said.
 Bill invited me to come for dinner with them that night.
8. Tường thuật lời nhắc nhở: remindered sb to do sth.
“Remember to pot my letter on your way,” Wendy said.  Wendy reminded me to post her letter on my way.
9. Tường thuật lời động viên: encouraged sb to so sth.
“Go heard, you must enter for the contest, Jill!” said Pam.
 Pam encouraged Jill to enter for the contest.
10. Tường thuật lời khẩn cầu: begged/implored sb to do sth.
“Please, do me a favor,” said the beggar to Carol.
 The beggar beggared/imployed Carol to do him a favor.
11. Tường thuật lời tự nguyện: offered to do sth.
“Shall I help you with the housework?” said Tim to hiss wife.

 Tim offered to help his wife with the housework.
12. Tường thuật sự đồng ý: agreed to do sth.
“OK, I’ll take you to work in my car, Sue” said Carl.
 Carl agreed to take Sue to work in his car.
B. Câu tường thuật với động từ theo sau bằng “gerund”
1. Tường thuật lời buộc tội: accused sb of doing sth.
“you damaged my new laptop, Dan,”said Susan.
 Suasan accsed Dan of damaging her new laptop.
2. Tường thuật lời thú nhận: admitted doing/having done sth.
“I didn’t tell you he truth, Ron,” said Kim.
 Kim admitted not telling/not having told Ron the truth.
3. Tường thuật lời phủ nhận: denied doing/having done sth.
“I didn’t break that vase,” said Tom.
 Tom denided breaking /having broken that vase.
4. Tường thuật lời xin lỗi: apolozied (to sb) for doing sth.
“I’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting,” said Amanda
 Amanda apolozied for having kept me waiting.
5. Tường thuật lời khen: congratulated sb on doing sth.


“Congratulations! You won the game!” said the principal.
 The principal congratulated the students on winning the game.
6. Tường thuật lời nài nỉ, khăng khăng: insisted on doing sth.
“I must pay for this damage,” the man said.
 The man insisted on paying for that weekend.
7. Tường thuật lời đề nghị: suggested doing sth.
“Let’s have a pinic this weekend,” Muad suggested.
 Maud suggested having a pinic that weekend.
8. Tường thuật lời cảm ơn: thanked sb for (doing sth).
“Thank you very much for your advice,” he said.

 He thanked me for my advise.
9. Tường thuật lời cảnh báo: warned sb against (doing) sth.
“Don’t invest in that business,” said my lawyer.
 My lawyer warned me against investing int hat business.
10. Tường thuật lời đỗ lỗi: blamed sb for (doing) sth.
“You are responsible for this failure,” said the director.  The director blamed his deputy for that failure.
11. Tường thuật lời thú nhận: confessed to (doing) sth.
“It was me who stole the money,” said Jack.
 Jack confessed to stealing the money.
Change the following sentences into reported speech:
1. “Open the door,” he said to them.
-He told them...................................................................
2. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
-He asked her where.........................................................
3. “Which way did they go?” he asked.
-He asked... ......................................................................
4. “Bring it back if it doesn’t fit”, I said to her. -I told... ............................................................................
5. “Don’t try to open it now,” she said to us.
-She told... ........................................................................
6. “Is it going to be a fine day today?” I asked her.
-I asked her... ....................................................................
7. “He’s not at home”, she said.
-She said that... .................................................................
8. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked. -The girl wanted to know... ..............................................
9. “Don’t stay out late, Ann” Tom said.
-Tom told Ann... ...............................................................
10. “Please let me borrow your car,” he said to her.
-He asked... ........................................................................
11. “Jean, have you seen my gloves?” Thomas asked.
-Thomas asked Jean.....

12. Don’t leave the window open, Mary”, I said.
-I told Mary.... ...................................................................
13. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you,” she said.
She said that...
14. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said.
-She said that... ...................................................................
15. “What are you going to do next summer?” she asked. - She asked us.... ...................................................................
16. “I’ll phone you tomorrow,” he told Jack.
-He told Jack that.... .............................................................
17. “Can I sit beside you, Jean?” Tom asked.
-Tom asked Jean.... ..............................................................
18. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said.
-He said that.... ...................................................................
19. “Don’t keep the door locked,” he said to us.
-He told us.... ...................................................................
20. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.
-I asked him how long....
21. “Are you going by train?” she asked me.
-She wanted to know.... ..................................................
22. “Don’t use too much hot water,” she said to us.
-She asked us.... ..............................................................
23. “Will you come to my party?” she said to me.
-She invited me.... ............................................................
24. “Don’t do it again,” she said to them.
She told them..................................................................
25. “ Did Mr Brown send the potatoes to you?” she asked.-She asked.......................................................................
26. “Don’t get your shoes dirty, boys,” she said.
-She told..........................................................................
27. “What do you want for lunch today, Peter?” Mary asked.
-Mary asked...............................................

28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter. - Peter asked if ................................
29. “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager.
-The office manager wondered............................................................
30. “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John.
-John advised Elizabeth........................................................................
31. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John.
-John accused..............................................................
32. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary.
-Mary accused..............................................................
33. “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley.
-The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley...............................................................
34. “You should take more exercise, Mr. Robert,” the doctor said.
-The doctor advised...............................
35. “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself.
-Tim wondered.................................................................
36. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan.
-Paul apologized...........................................
37. “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked.
- Martha asked Peter when.....................................................................
38. “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother.
-Anna asked.............................................................
39.. “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said.
- William’s mother told..........................................................................
40. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers to her son.
-Mrs. Rogers told....... ........................
41. “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
-George said..........................................................
42. “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car.



-Martin apologized..................................................................................
43. “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
-The landlady asked....................
44. “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary.
-Mary asked...........................................
45. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice.
-The notice said that..............................................................................
46. “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?” -I asked............................................
47. “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me..............................................
48. “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys.
-The teacher told the boys………………………………………..........
49. “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr. Simpson.
- The interviewer asked ...........................................................................
50. “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the frightened witness.
- The officer wanted to know...................................................................
Choose the best answer
1 He _______that he had met his teacher the day before.
A.told
B.say
C.said
D.says
2 I said we__________ go there the next day. A.shall
B.have to
C.will
D.should
3 He said that he _______ the modern car.
A.could
B.may
C.can

D.has to
4 They thought it_______ snow.
A.may
B.might
C.can
D.will
5 The doctor daid that I had better_______ in bed.
A.stayed
B.staying
C.stay
D.to stay
6 Alice said to me that she_________ living in London _______.
A.was/then
B.is/now
C.was/now
D.is/then
7 Tom______ me that his father wasn’t very well.
A.said
B.say
C.tell
D.told
8 They announced that Alice and Tom______getting married the month after.
A.are
B.was
C.were
D.is
9 Her cousin admitted that he ______ like his job.
A.didn’t B.doesn’t
C.wasn’t
D.isn’t

10 He complained that his car had been stolen a few weeks ________.
A.ago
B.earlier
C.before
D.B and C
11 Tom______ his wife that his brother______ come and stay at their flat the following month.
A.said/would
B.told/would
C.told/will
D.said/would
12 The manager______ that he ________ to go on holiday but he was too busy.
A.said/wanted
B.told/wanted
C.told/want
D.said/want
13 She said that she ______ leave the following day.
A.would
B.will
C.can
D.may
14 The Browns said that they_______ a lift but very often it didn’t work.
A.had
B.have
C.has
D.are having
15 Bob wanted to know__________Alice was.
A.where
B.if
C.whether
D.how much

16 My mother wondered _______ I was so tired.
A.where
B.what
C.why
D.why was
17 Tom asked me______ I _______
arrived in London. A.when/ had B. when/have C.when/0 D.when/did
18 The teacher asked all of the students_____ they understood what he was explaining.
A.if
B.why
C.had
D.have
19 She told Tom_____ his coat.
A.get
B.to get
C.got
D.getting
20 He told the children_______ away. A.go
B.went
C.going
D.to go
21 The boss asked him______ in.
A.to come
B.come
C.came
D.coming
22 She told the boys________ move. A.not to
B.not
C.don’t
D.deosn’t

23 She ______ me that how lucky I was.
A.said
B.says
C.tells
D.told
24 The boy suggested_______ the cost.
A.to share
B.share
C.shared
D.sharing
25 My mother told me______the bag into the kitchen. A.to carry
B.carry
C.carried
D.carrying
26 .She ______ me that I shall be punished if I continue to behave like that. The reporting verb is
A. says
B. thinks
C. tells
D. knows
27 .The policeman said, “ Show me your driving license”.  The policeman told me _________________.
a. show him driving license
b. to show him driving license
c. show him my driving license
d. to show him my driving license
28. “ Don’t go near the water, children”, she said. She warned the children___________________.
a. not to go near the water
c. to go near the water
b. against going near the water
d. both a & b
29. He said to us,” Please say nothing about this” He asked us ____________________ about it.

a.. to please not say nothing
c. to say nothing
b. not to say anything
d. both b& c
30. “ I have nothing to show you”, I said to her.
 _______________ nothing to show her.
a. I say her (that) I have
b. I tell her (that) I had
c. I told her (that) I have
d. I told her ( that) I had
31. The doctor said to me, “ Your health will improve very quickly” The doctor told me that ______________.
a. my health would improve very quickly
b. my health improved very quickly
c. his health would improve very quickly
d his health improves very quickly.
32. “ What makes the noise like that?”, he said. He wanted to know____________________.


a. what the noise make like that
b. what the noise makes like that
c. what made the noise like that
d .what would make the noise like that
33. “ Are you enjoying yourself?”, he said.
He asked me if ______________________.
a. I am enjoying myself
b. I would enjoy myself
b. I enjoyed myself
d. I was enjoying myself
34. “ Did you study hard for the exam?”, she said. She asked him_________________ for the exam.
a. whether he studied b. if he have studied

c. whether he has studied
d. if he had studied
35. “ What did he discover?”
We wanted to know _____________
a. what did he discover
c. what he did discover? b. what he had discovered ? d. what he had discovered.
36. “ Where ’s Kyoto ? ”
Who knows ____________
a. where is Kyoto?
b. where Kyoto is ?
c. where Kyoto is .
d. where Kyoto was ?
37. “ Do you like the headmaster?” I asked them _______________.
a. they do like the headmaster
b. did they like the headmaster?
c. if they liked the headmaster ?
d. whether they liked the headmaster.
38. “ Are you leaving tomorrow?”, she said.
She asked __________________.
a. if I am leaving tomorrow
b. if I was leaving tomorrow
c. if I was leaving tomorrow
d. if I was leaving the next day
39.” He won’t come”, she says. She ________that he won’t come.
a. says
b. tells
c. said
d .all of them are correct
40.Samira said, "Monica speaks English very well."
a. Samira said that Monica spoke English very well.

b. Samira said that Monica is speaking English very well.
c. Samira said that Monica had spoken English very well.
d. Samira said that Monica speaks English very well.
41 Yolanda said, "I have to leave the class before 12:30."
a. Yolanda said that I have to leave the class before 12:30." b. Yolanda said that she has to leave the class before 12:30."
c. Yolanda said that she had to leave the class before 12:30." d. Yolanda said that she has had to leave the class before 12:30."
42 .Gabriela said, "I can't possibly finish my work by five o'clock."
a. Gabriela said that she can't possibly finish her work by five o'clock.
b. Gabriela said that she won't possibly finish her work by five o'clock.
c. Gabriela said that she couldn't possibly finish her work by five o'clock.
d. Gabriela said that she hadn't been able to possibly finish her work by five o'clock.
43. Martha said, "I am going to go to Mexico next year."
a. Martha said that she is going to Mexico the following year.
b. Martha said that she was going to Mexico the following year.
c. Martha said that she had gone to Mexico the following year.
d. Martha said that she will be going to Mexico the following year.
44. Truc said, "I went to Ha noi to visit my uncle."
a. Truc said that she went to Ha noi to visit her uncle. b. Truc said that she had gone to Ha noi to visit her uncle.
c. Truc said that she is going to Ha noi to visit her uncle. d. Truc said that she was going to ha noi to visit her uncle.
45. Sang said, "I have already written a letter to my family in Thailand."
a. Sang said that he had already written a letter to his family in Thailand.
b. Sang said that he has already written a letter to his family in Thailand.
c. Sang said that he was writing a letter to his family in Thailand.
d. Sang said that he will write a letter to his family in Thailand.
46. Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?"
a. Rosa asked Jose when do you study English.
b. Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English.
c. Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long. d. Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long.
47 Samira asked me, "May I borrow your English dictionary?"
a. Samira asked me if she may borrow my English dictionary.

b. Samira asked me if she could borrow my English dictionary.
c. Samira asked me if I could borrow her English dictionary.
d. Samira asked me if I had borrowed her English dictionary.
48 Monica Cheng asked Roeun, "Are you going to visit Cambodia?"
a. Monica Cheng asked Roeun if he is going to visit Cambodia.
b. Monica Cheng asked Roeun if he had visited Cambodia.
c. Monica Cheng asked Roeun if he had gone to Cambodia.
d. Monica Cheng asked Roeun if he was going to visit Cambodia.
49 The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!"
a. The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.
b. The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test.
c. The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.
d. The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.