Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019

PART A: THEORIES (LÝ THUYẾT)
I. TENSES: (THÌ)
Thì
Dạng
Khẳng định
Phủ định
Nghi vấn
Bị động
Nhận biết

Thì
Dạng
Khẳng định
Phủ định
Nghi vấn
Bị động

Nhận biết

Thì
Dạng
Khẳng định
Phủ định
Nghi vấn
Bị động
Nhận biết

SIMPLE PRESENT
(Hiện tại đơn)

S + V[-s/es]
S + don’t / doesn’t + V(inf)
Do / Does + S + V(inf) …?
…am / is / are + V-ed/ V cột 3…
- always, usually, occasionally, often, …
- every : every day, every year…
- once a day , twice…, 3 times…
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
(Hiện tại tiếp diễn)
S + am / is / are + V-ing
S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing
Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing …?
…am / is / are + being + V-ed/V cột 3…
- now, at present
- at the moment
- Sau câu mệnh lệnh :
Ex: a. Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.
b. Look! He is running.
PRESENT PERFECT
(Hiện tại hoàn thành)
S + has / have + V-ed/V cột 3
S + hasn’t / haven’t + V-ed/ V cột 3
Has / Have + S + V-ed/ V cột 3 …?
…has / have + been + V-ed/ V cột 3…
- just, already, ever, yet, recently, lately,..
- since, for : since 1995, for 9 years
- so far, up to now

SIMPLE PAST
(Quá khứ đơn)

S + V-ed/V cột 2
S + didn’t + V(inf)
Did + S + V(inf) …?
…was / were + V-ed/ V cột 3…
- yesterday
- last + time: last week, last Sunday…
- time+ ago : two months ago, five years
ago…
- in the past
PAST CONTINUOUS
(Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
S + was / were + V-ing
S + wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing
Was / Were + S + V-ing …?
…was / were + being + V-ed/V cột 3…
- At that moment
- When / As + S + (simple past),
S + was / were V-ing
When I came, she was crying.
- While :
A dog crossed the road while I was driving.
PAST PERFECT
(Quá thứ hoàn thành)
S + had + V-ed/V cột 3
S + hadn’t + V-ed/ V cột 3
Had + S + V-ed/ V cột 3…?
…had been + V-ed/ V cột 3…
- after + S + had VpII , (simple past)
- before + (simple past), S + had VpII
- By the time + S + V(simple past) , S + had

VpII: cho đến lúc........

Thì

SIMPLE FUTURE
FUTURE PERFECT
Dạng
(Tương lai đơn)
(Tương lai hoàn thành)
Khẳng định
S + will + V (inf)
S + will have+ V-ed/ V cột 3
Phủ định
S + won’t + V (inf)
S + won’t have + V-ed/ V cột 3
Nghi vấn
Will + S + V (inf)…?
Will + S + have + V-ed/ V cột 3…?
Bị động
…will be + V-ed/ V cột 3…
…will be + V-ed/ V cột 3…
- tomorrow
- by the end of this month
Nhận biết
- next + time : next week, next Monday
- by the time+S+ V (simple present), S +
- in the future
will have VpII
Khi chia động từ cần chú ý sự hòa hợp của chủ ngữ (S) và động từ (V):
* S1 + and + S2 => chia ĐT số nhiều.

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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
Ex: Tom and Mary were late yesterday.
* Each, every, no + noun => chia ĐT số ít.
Ex: Each boy and girl has a textbook. No student is present
* (N)either + S1 + (n)or + S2 => chia ĐT theo S2.
Ex: a. He or you are the best student.
b. Neither I nor he likes football.
* S1, as well as + S2 => chia theo S1.
Ex: John, as well as you, is responsible for that report.
* Chủ ngữ là danh từ chỉ đo lường, giá cả, tiền => chia ĐT số ít.
Ex: 5,000 dollars is a big sum of money.
* Đại từ bất định (everyone, something, nobody…) => chia ĐT số ít.
Ex: Everybody is in the room.

II. COMPARISONS: (CÁC HÌNH THỨC SO SÁNH)
Adv / Adj

Comparative (So sánh hơn)
Superlative (So sánh nhất)
Adv / Adj – er
The + Adv / Adj – est
Small (adj)
Smaller
The smallest
hot
hotter
The hottest

Short
Hard (adv)
Harder
The hardest
(ngắn)
Chú ý : các tính từ có 2 âm tiết, tận cùng là –y thì xem như tính từ ngắn.
Sunny (adj)
Sunnier
The sunniest
Happy (adj)
Happier
The happiest
More + Adv / Adj + (than)
The most + Adv / Adj
Long
Beautiful (adj)
More beautiful
The most beautiful
(dài)
Quickly (adv)
More quickly
The most quickly
Good (adj)
Better
The best
Well (adv)
Special
Bad (adj)
Worse
The worst

(đặc biệt) Badly (adv)
Far (adj)
Farther / Further
The farthest / furthest
Much/ many
more
The most
As
+
Adv / Adj
+
as
Equality (So sánh bằng)
Not so / as
+
Adv / Adj
+
as
*So sánh kép:
1. comparative + and + comparative ( cµng … cµng)
Ex: a. The weather is hotter and hotter.
b. She is more and more beautiful.
2. The + comparative + S + V, the + comparative + S + V ( cµng … cµng)
Ex: The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel.
3. The more + S + V, the + comparative + S + V
Ex: The more you study, the better you are.
4. The more + N + S + V, the + comparative + S + V
Ex: The more money he spent, the poorer he became.
Dạng bài tập : Biến đổi câu
S1

+
V/be
+
(so sánh hơn)
+
S2
S1 + V/be (phủ định) + (so sánh bằng của từ trái nghĩa) + S2
S2 + V/be (phủ định) +
(so sánh bằng)
+
S1
S2
+
V/be
+ (so sánh hơn của từ trái nghĩa) + S1
Ví dụ : a. Tom is taller than Peter = Tom isn’t as short as Peter.
b. I write the lessons more carrefully than he does.
= I don’t write the lessons as carelessly as he does.
c. My motor is cheaper than yours = Your motor isn’t as cheap as mine.
= Your motor is more expensive than mine.
d. She typed more slowly than her sister did. = Her sister didn’t type as slowly as she did.
=Her sister typed faster than she did.
Ghi chú : - Các cách viết trên có thể viết ngược lại.
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
- Khi viết lại câu, cần lưu ý thì của động từ.

III. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES: (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN)

1. Điều kiện loại 1 :
IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If)

MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính)

Simple Future
S + will + V-inf
S + will not + V-inf
Will + S + V-inf…?
V-inf…
+ or + Clause (Simple Future)
= Unless you + V…
,
Clause (Simple Future)
= If you don’t + V-inf…
,
Clause (Simple Future)
a. Study hard or you will fail the exam.= Unless you study hard , you will fail the exam.
= If you don’t study hard , you will fail the exam.
b. Cut your hair or they won’t let you in.
= Unless you cut your hair , they won’t let you in.
= If you don’t cut your hair, they won’t let you in.

Simple Present
If + S + V-e/es
S + don’t / doesn’t + V-inf
Dạng bài tập :
Ví dụ:

,


Ghi chú :
- Sau mệnh đề If hoặc mệnh đề Unless phải có dấu phẩy (,)
- Sau Unless không được dùng dạng phủ định (Ví dụ : không được viết Unless you don’t write)
2. Điều kiện loại 2, loại 3 :
TYPE
II

IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If)

MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính)
S + would / could + V-inf

If + S + were
S + V-ed/2
S + didn’t + Vinf

S + wouldn’t / couldn’t +V-inf
Would / Could + S + V-inf… ?
S + would / could have + V-ed/3

III

If + S + had + V-ed/3
S + hadn’t + V-ed/3

S + wouldn’t / couldn’t have + V-ed/3

Would / Could + S + have + V-ed/3…?
Điều kiện loại 2 : diễn tả một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại

Điều kiện loại 3 : diễn tả một sự việc không có thật ở quá khứ
Dạng bài tập : Biến đổi câu. Dựa vào tình huống (thường có 2 câu hoặc 2 mệnh đề) để xác định
+ 1 câu hoặc mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân
+ 1 câu hoặc mệnh đề chỉ kết quả
So
Because
Therefore
+ nguyên nhân
+ kết quả
Because of
As a result
That’s why
=> Áp dụng trong câu điều kiện :
Lưu ý :

Ví dụ :

If

+ (nguyên nhân)

,

(kết quả)

+ Nếu tình huống được cho ở thì hiện tại đơn, ta áp dụng câu điều kiện loại 2
+ Nếu tình huống được cho ở thì quá khứ đơn, ta áp dụng câu điều kiện loại 3
+ Câu điều kiện loại 2, loại 3 là không có thật ở hiện tại và quá khứ nên cả hai mệnh đề
trong câu điều kiện phải ở dạng phủ định của câu hoặc mệnh đề ban đầu.
a. He doesn’t hurry, so he misses the train (tình huống hiện tại  loại 2)

= If he hurried, he wouldn’t miss the train.
b. They don’t go camping because the weather is bad. (tình huống hiện tại  loại 2)
= If the weather weren’t bad, they would go camping.
c. She stayed up late. That’s why she was ill. (tình huống quá khứ  loại 3)
= If she hadn’t stayed up late, she wouldn’t have been ill.
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Ti liu mụn Ngoi Ng ụn thi cụng chc nm 2019
Ghi chỳ : Vỡ theo sau Because of l mt cm danh t nờn ta phi bin i cm danh t ny thnh mnh
trc khi a vo mnh If.
Vớ d : He doesnt go to school because of his illness. (his illness = he is ill)
= If he werent ill, he would go to school.

IV. PASSIVE VOICE: (TH B NG)
S

+ [aux] + Vm(ng t chớnh)

S

+ [aux]

+ Be + V-ed/3

+

+

O


[by + O]

Ghi chỳ :

- ng t Be phi c chia cựng thỡ vi cõu ch ng hoc cựng dng vi Vm.
- Trong cõu b ng, b [by + O] nu O l me, you, us, them, him, her, it, someone,
somebody, people
Vớ d :
They are painting the fence. = The pence is being painted by them
Tourists buy a lot of souvenirs today.= A lot of souvenirs are bought by tourists today.
The manager should sign these contracts.= These contracts should be signed by the manager.

* Cu trỳc b ng trong tng thỡ:
Active
S + V (s, es) + O
S + V(ed) + O
S + am/ is /are/ was/ were + V-ing
S + have / has / had + p.p
S + modal verb + V
2.

S+
S+
S+
S+
S+

Passive
am / is/ are

+
was / were
+
am/ is / are/ was/ were + being +
have / has / had
+ been +
modal verb
+ be +

p.p
p.p
p.p
p.p
p.p

B ng hai tõn ng ( Thng gp vi cỏc Verb : give, send, show, lend, bring, buy)

Cỏch 1 :

S
S ngi

be

V
V3

O ngi

Cỏch 2 :


Svt

be

V3

to/ for

Lu ý : bring, send, show, give, lend -> to
Ex : Mary gave me a book.
I was given a book by Mary.
A book was given to me by Mary.
B ng kộp:
Active
S1 + V1 + (that) + S2 + V2

3.



know
think
believe
report
say

Ovt
Ovt


by

Ongi by ..
/

buy -> for

Passive
* Cỏch 1 : It + be (thỡ cuỷaV1) + p.p (V1) + that + S2 + V2
* Cỏch 2 :

S2 + be (thỡ cuỷaV1) + p.p

(V1)

+ to-inf

(V1)

+ to have p.p

(cuỷa V2)

[V1 vaứ V2

cuứng baọc thỡ]

S2 + be (thỡ cuỷaV1) + p.p

(cuỷa V2)


[V1 vaứ V2

leọch baọc thỡ]
Ex :1/ They think that she is innocent.
-> It is thought that she is innocent.
-> She is thought to be innocent.
2/ They rumored he was living there.
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
-> It was rumored that he was living there.
-> He was rumored to be living there.
3/ They have known that he left England.
-> It has been known that he left England.
-> He has been known to have left England.
Câu bị động với Infinitive và Gerund
* To –inf -> To be V3/ ed
* V-ing -> Being V3/ ed
Ex : We dislike being cheated
I don’t want to be laughed at.
4.

5.

Causative (khi muốn nói rằng chúng ta để cho ai / nhờ ai/ yêu cầu ai làm việc gì,chứ không tự tay
chúng ta làm)
Have + sb + Bare
Have + sth + V3/ ed


Ex : We had them paint our house. /
We had our house painted. /

=

Get + sb + to-inf
Get + sth + V3/ ed

We got them to paint our house.
We got our house painted.

V. REPORTED SPEECH: (CÂU GIÁN TIẾP)
Để biến đổi một câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp cần:
1. Đổi chủ ngữ và các đại từ nhân xưng khác trong câu trực tiếp theo chủ ngữ của thành phần thứ nhất.
2. Lùi động từ ở vế thứ 2 về quá khứ một cấp so với lúc ban đầu.
3. Biến đổi các đại từ chỉ định, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và địa điểm theo bảng qui định.
Bảng đổi động từ
Direct speech(Câu trực tiếp)
Simple present
Present progressive
Present perfect (Progressive)
Simple past
Will/Shall
Can/May

Indirect speech(Câu gián tiếp)
Simple past
Past progressive
Past perfect (Progressive)

Past perfect
Would/ Should
Could/ Might

Bảng đổi các đại từ chỉ định, trạng từ chỉ địa điểm và thời gian
Today
Yesterday
Last + time
eg: last week
Time + ago
Tomorrow
Next + Time
eg: Next month
This, these
now
Here

That day
The day before
The time + before/ the previous + time
eg: the week before/ the previous week
Time + before
The next/ the following day
The following + Time/ The next + Time
eg: The next month/ The following month
That, those
then
There

Ví dụ : - He said : “ I have lost my pen this morning.” He said that he had lost his pen that morning.

- She said to him: “I will go with you tomorrow.” She told him that she would go with him the next day.
- He said : “ I’ll come here to take this book.” He said that he would come there to take that book.
- They said to us : “You must do this work right now.” They told us that we had to do that work at once.
Cấu trúc
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
A. IMPERATIVE ( thể mệnh lệnh)
S + told / asked + O + (not) to- inf

Ex : She said to John :” Show me your paper”
 She told John to show her his paper
Ann said to him : “ Don’t wait for me if I am late”
 Ann told him not to wait for her if she was late

B. STATEMENTS (câu tường thuật)
Ex : “I saw her this morning”, he said
 He said that he had seen her that morning
Mary said to Bill, “ I don’t like living here”
 Mary told Bill she didn’t like living there

S1 + said ( that) + S2 + V
S1 + told + O + S2 + V

C. QUESTIONS (câu nghi vấn)
1. YES – NO QUESTION
asked
S + wanted to know +O + if/ whether + S + V
wondered

Ex:“ Does your brother live in London, Nam?,she said.
-> She asked Nam if his brother lived in London.
2. WH- QUESTION
asked
S + wanted to know + O + Wh -word + S + V
wondered

Ex : The boy asked me, “ What time is it?”
-> The boy wanted to know what time it was.

Lưu ý : Tùy theo ý nghĩa trong câu trực tiếp, chúng ta có thể chuyển sang cách nói gián tiếp bằng một số
cấu trúc sau
Nhóm đi với to-inf
Nhóm đi với V-ing
Advise (khuyên)
Accuse sb of + V-ing ( buộc tội)
Warn (cảnh báo)
Admit + V-ing ( phủ nhận)
Remind ( nhắc nhở)
Suggest + V-ing ( đề nghị)
Promise (hứa)
+ ( O ) + to -inf
Apologize for + V-ing ( xin lỗi)
Invite ( mời)
Thank for + V-ing ( cảm ơn)
Encourage ( khuyến khích)
Blame sb for V-ing ( đổ thừa)
Ask (yêu cầu)
Congratulate sb on + V-ing ( chúc mừng)
Agree ( đồng ý)

Insist on + V-ing ( khăng khăng)
Warn sb against V-ing (khuyến cáo ai đừng làm gì)
Prevent/ stop sb from + V-ing ( ngăn cản ai không
được làm gì)
Ex : “ We’ll come back again.”
Ex :
-> They promised to come back again.
“I hear you passed the exam. Congratulations!” John
“You’d better get up early”
said to us.
-> He advised me to get up early.
-> John congratulated us on passing our exams.
“Could you close the window?” John said to Peter.
“I’m sorry I’m late” Mary said.
-> John asked Peter to close the door.
-> Mary apologized for being late.
“Remember to lock the door ” my sister said.
“You stole my watch” the man said.
-> My sister reminded me to lock the door.
-> The man accused me of stealing his watch.
“Come and see me whenever you want.”
“I’ve lost your letter” he said.
-> She invited me to come and see her
-> He admitted losing my letter .
whenever I wanted.
“ I didn’t break your window.”
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019

-> He denied breaking my window.

VI. RELATIVE CLAUSES: (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ)
1. Chức năng của các đại từ quan hệ và trạng từ quan hệ:
WHO
: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người (làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ)
WHOM
: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người (làm tân ngữ)
WHICH
: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật (làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ)
WHOSE
: thay thế cho một hình thức sở hữu (sở hữu cách, tính từ sở hữu, of …)
WHERE
: thay thế cho một cụm giới từ chỉ nơi chốn = (giới từ) + WHICH (in
which, at which, on which)
WHEN : thay thế cho một cụm từ chỉ thời gian = (giới từ) + WHICH (in which, at
which, on which)
WHY: thay thế cho một cụm từ chỉ lý do = FOR WHICH
2. Vị trí của các quan hệ từ:
+ Đứng sau từ mà nó thay thế
+ Đứng đầu mệnh đề quan hệ
Căn cứ vào chức năng và vị trí, ta có thể rút ra quy tắc sau đây:
+ S + V…
(Danh từ chỉ người) + WHO
+ V…
(Danh từ chỉ người) + WHOM
+ S + V…
+ S + V…
(Danh từ chỉ vật) + WHICH
+ V…

+ V…
(Danh từ) + WHOSE
+ noun
+ S + V…
(Danh từ chỉ nơi chốn) + WHERE
+ S + V…
person +

who + V
(whom) + S + V
Thing + which + V
(which)+ S + V

 Time + when ( lưu ý when = in/ on/ at which)
Ex : I still remember the day when we first met.
(= on which)

 Place + where ( lưu ý where = in/ on/ at which)
Ex : This is the place where the plane crashed.
( = at which)
 The reason why
Ex : I don’t know the reason why he said goodbye.
( = for which)
 N + whose + N (sở hữu)
Ex : This is the woman whose son won the prize.
 What ( the thing which) -> thay cho “một điều nào đó”
Ex : I don’t know what he wants.
 S+V , which … ( trường hợp này which thay cho cả mệnh đề
phía trước)
Ex : I failed the exam, which made me sad.

“That” có thể thay thế cho “who, whom, which” trong MĐQH xác định ( Noun chưa rõ ràng)
Ex : The woman who / that lives next door is a doctor.
Nếu danh từ rơi vào các trường hợp sau thì phải có dấu phẩy trước who, whom, which ( trong trường
hợp này không được thay thế bằng THAT)
• N là danh từ riêng
• N có this, that, these, those
• N có my, your, his , her…
Ex: This is Ms Roger, who’s joining the firm next week.
NHỮNG TRƯỞNG HỢP DÙNG THAT
• N hỗn hợp (cả người + vật)
• N có so sánh nhất, the first, the last…
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
• Sau các từ bất định như all, every(thing), some(thing), any( thing), no(thing)…
Ex : She is the kindest person that I’ve ever known.
KHÔNG ĐƯỢC DÙNG THAT
• sau dấu phẩy
• sau giới từ
Ex : This is John, whom I am talking about
That
This is John, about whom I am talking
That
( Khi cần dùng một giới từ trước đại từ quan hệ, thì chỉ dùng giới từ + whom/ which ( không dùng
who / that )
THAY THế MĐQH
- Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở chủ động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V-ing
- Nếu Verb ở MĐQH ở bị động -> bỏ who, whom, which, that và dùng hình thức V3/ed
- Nếu N trước MĐQH có the last, the second… so sánh nhất

* rút gọn MĐQH bằng to-inf
( nếu câu năng động)
* Rút gọn MĐQH bằng to be V3/ ed ( nếu câu bị động)
Ex : 1. I live in a house which was built 30 years ago.  I live in a house built 30 years ago.
2. The boy who is playing guitar is Ben.
The boy playing guitar is Ben.
3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith. The first person to see is Mr. Smith.
4. This is the second person who was killed in that way.
This is the second person to be killed in that way.
Ex : - The man gave me the money. He met me at the airport.
 The man who met me at the airport gave me the money.
- This is the man. We saw him at the party yesreday.
 This is the man whom/ who we saw at the party yesterday.
- The pencil belongs to me. It is in your pocket.
 The pencil which is in your pocket belongs to me.
- The car is very expensive. He bought it.
 The car which he bought is very expensive.
- There is the man. His wallet was stolen.
 There is the man whose wallet was stolen.
- The tree should be cut down. The branches of the tree are dead.
 The tree whose branches are dead should be cut down.
- That is the village. I live in the village.
 That is the village where I live.
* Có thể dùng giới từ trước ĐTQH ‘whom, which’ (không đứng trước That)
Ex : a. The music which I listened to yesterday is very interesting.
= The music I listened to yesterday is very interesting. (lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ)
= The music to which I listened yesterday is very interesting.
b. The man who / whom I am working with is very funny.
= The man I am working with is very funny. (lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ)
= The man with whom I am working is very funny.

Lưu ý : Có 02 loại mệnh đề quan hệ:
* Defining clause (mệnh đề quan hệ xác định) : đối với loại mệnh đề này, ta có thể dùng THAT thay thế
cho WHO, WHOM hoặc WHICH
Ex : - The man who / that met me at the airport gave me the money.
- The pencil which / that is in your pocket belongs to me.
* Non-defining clause (mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định) : loại mệnh đề này thường đứng sau một danh
từ riêng và phải có dấu phẩy ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính, không được sử dụng THAT để thay thế
Ex : - Shakespeare, who wrote “Romeo and Juliet”, died in 1616.
- Vietnam, which lies in Southeast Asia, is rich in coal.
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019

VII. STRUCTURES: (MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC)
Cấu trúc 1 :

S1 +

be

+

adj.

S2 + can’t / couldn’t + V (inf)…

= S1 + be + too + adj + (for + O) + to-V(inf)…
= S + be+ so + adj + that + S2 + can’t / couldn’t + V (inf)…
(Lưu ý : bỏ (for + O) nếu S1 trùng với S2)

Ex : a.This boy is very young. He can’t do this work.
= This boy is too young to do this work.
b. The test was very difficult. We couldn’t finish it in time.
= The test was too difficult for us to finish in time.
c. She was so busy that she couldn’t answer the phone.
= She was too busy to answer the phone.
Cấu trúc 2 :
There

is
are

+

has
(got) ……
have

= (Danh từ) +
Ex :

There are a lot of parks in London.

Cấu trúc 3 :

= London has got a lot of parks.

V-ing… + be + adj + [ for + O ]
=
It + be + adj + [ for + O ] + to-V(inf)…


Ex :

Learning English is very useful.
= It is very useful to learn English.

Cấu trúc 4 :

S

+

spend(s) …

= It takes + O
Ex :

…… + (giới từ) + (danh từ)

I think it is easy to pass this exams.
= I think passing this exams is easy.

+ Ving

S

… + to- inf

+ spent … + V-ing


= It took + O … + to-V(inf)

She spends 10 minutes getting to school.
= It takes her 10 minutes to get to school.

My father spent many hours reading books.
= It took my father many hours to read books.

Cấu trúc 5 :
do
+ noun + belong to ?
does
Who does this bicycle belong to ?
= Whose bicycle is it ?

Who +
Ex :
Cấu trúc 6 :
Ex :
Cấu trúc 7 :
Ex :

so
such

+
+

is it/ this/ that ?
are they/ these/ those ?

Who do those pictures belong to ?
= Whose pictures are they ?

= Whose + noun +

adv / adj
+
that
a/an + noun (cụm danh từ)+ that

The weather was so bad that we decide to stay at home.
It was such a beautiful day that we decide to go to the beach
adv / adj

+ enough

+

[ for + O] + to-V(inf)

a. He is tall enough to play volleyball.
b. She drives carefully enough to be safe.
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
c. The weather was fine enough for us to go picnic.
Lưu ý :
enough còn có vị trí khác là đứng trước danh từ.
enough + noun : enough time, enough money

Cấu trúc 8 :

S + V ......so that + S + can/ could (not) + V = S + V ......+ in order (not) to + Vinf

Ex : Peter works hard so that he can pass the exam = Peter works hard in order to pass the exam
Cấu trúc 9 :

is / are + (so sánh nhất) + noun + [that] + (thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

Ex :

This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
They are the best students I have taught.
Cấu trúc 10 :
have / get
+ someone
+ V(inf): nhờ ai làm
have / get
+ something + V-ed/3: có cái gì được làm
Ex :

I always have my sister
They
got their car

Cấu trúc 11 :

Ex :

S + Wish

S + Wish
S+ Wish

+
+
+

wash my clothes.
repaired after the accident.

(quá khứ đơn)
(quá khứ hoàn thành)
S + could / would + Vinf

: ao ước trái với hiện tại
: ao ước trái với quá khứ
: không thể xảy ra ở tương lai.

a. I wish that I had enough time to finish my homework. (= I don’t have enough time)
b. He wishes he were rich. (= He is not rich.)
c. I wish that I had gone to the cinema last night. (= I didn’t go to the cinema last night.)
d. She wishes she had been here yesterday. (= She wasn’t here yesterday.)
e. We wish you could come to the party tonight. (= You can’t come.)
f. Mary wishes that she would come with us. (= She won’t come with us.)

Cấu trúc 12 :

Ex :

THE + (so sánh hơn) … , THE + (so sánh hơn) …


: càng … càng …

(so sánh hơn) + AND + (so sánh hơn) …

: càng ngày càng…

a. The more you study, the smarter you will become.
b. The sooner you take medicine, the better you will feel.
c. The earth is getting hotter and hotter.
d. Finding a job is becoming more and more difficult.

Cấu trúc 13 :
Because of + (cụm danh từ)
= Because + (mệnh đề): vì....
In spite of / Despite +(cụm danh từ) = (Al)though / Even though + (mệnh đề): mặc dù...
Ex :

a. I couldn’t come to class yesterday because I was ill. (= because of his illness)
b. The flight was put off because the weather was bad. (= because of the bad weather)
c. They came to the concert though it rained heavily. (= in spite of the heavy rain)

VIII. WORD FORMS & POSITIONS: (HÌNH THỨC & VỊ TRÍ CỦA TỪ)
(Áp dụng để làm bài tập về từ loại)
* Nhận biết danh từ : Các danh từ thường có đuôi là :
+ -tion / -ation :
Ví dụ : conservation, prevention, creation, combination, station
+ -ment :
Ví dụ : development, employment, disapointment, instrument
+ -ness :

Ví dụ : richness, happiness, business
+ -er (chỉ người) : Ví dụ : teacher, speaker, worker, writer, singer
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
+ -or (chỉ người) : Ví dụ : sailor, inventor, visitor, actor, instructor
+ -ist (chỉ người) : Ví dụ : physicist, typist, biologist, chemist, guitarist
+ -age :
Ví dụ : teenage, marriage, passage, package, drainage
+ -ship :
Ví dụ : friendship, scholarship, championship
+ -ism :
Ví dụ : capitalism, heroism, critisim, Maxism, socialism
+ -(i)ty :
Ví dụ : possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty, safety, variety
+ (verb)-al :
Ví dụ : refusal, arrival, removal, survival
+ -th
Ví dụ : width, warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth
* Nhận biết tính từ : Các tính từ thường có đuôi là :
+ -ful :
Ví dụ : harmful, useful, successful, helpful, hopeful
+ less :
Ví dụ : childless, homeless, careless, treeless
+ (noun)-y :
Ví dụ : rainy, snowy, dusty, sandy, windy
+ (noun)-ly :
Ví dụ : manly, motherly, yearly, hourly, daily, friendly
+ -ish :

Ví dụ : foolish, selfish, childish
+ (noun)-al :
Ví dụ : industrial, natural, agricultural, musical
+ -ous :
Ví dụ : poisonous, nervous, dangerous, famous
+ -ive :
Ví dụ : active, distinctive, attractive, progressive
+ -ic :
Ví dụ : Artistic, electric, economic
+ -able :
Ví dụ : countable, comfortable, acceptable
* Nhận biết trạng từ : Các trạng từ thường có đuôi là : -ly
Ex : beautifully , carefully , suddenly,...
Ngoại lệ: friendly (adj) , daily (adj),.....
* Nhận biết động từ : Một số động từ thường có tiền tố hoặc hậu tố -EN / EN- / -FY / -IZE / -ISE
Ex : endanger, enlarge, enrich, enforce, enclose, widen, frighten, classify, modify, satisfy, realize,
modernize, industrialize,…
ĐỂ NHẬN BIẾT TỪ LOẠI CỦA MỘT TỪ KHI LÀM BÀI TẬP,
CẦN CHÚ Ý MỘT SỐ MẪU CÂU, CỤM TỪ CƠ BẢN SÂU ĐÂY:
 MẪU CÂU CƠ BẢN :
S

+

She
It
They

S
He

We
I

BE

[ADV]

+

is
was
will be

+

are
have

already

ADJ
nice
hot
happy

extremely

VERB

[AUX] [ADV]


+

+

+

VM
runs
doing
seen

[O]

+

[ADV]
quickly

homework
that film

 Trong hai mẫu câu trên : S (chủ ngữ) và O (tân ngữ) có thể là :
- Một đại từ (pronoun) :
I, You, We, They, He, She, It, …
Somebody, something, …
- Một cụm danh từ (noun phrase) :
* Mạo từ (A, An, The)
* This, that, these those
* Tính từ sở hữu (My, Your, Her, …)

* Số lượng (Much, Many, A lot of, …)
The
A
An

+

[Adj]
young
interesting

+

Noun
scientists
man
boy
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
My
A lot of

small red

handbag
people

 Trạng từ thường đi theo động từ để bổ nghĩa cho động từ đó. Tuy nhiên, chú ý theo sau một số

động từ sau, ta không dùng trạng từ mà phải dùng một tính từ :
Seem, feel, look, appear, find, sound, keep + O, make + O
He seems
We all feel/look
The book made him

+

Adj
tired now
happy.
famous

 CÁC HÌNH THỨC CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ :
Trong câu, có thể có nhiều động từ. Trong đó có 1 động từ chính phải được chia đúng thì, còn những
động từ khác thì được sử dụng 1 trong 3 dạng : V-ing, V(inf), hoặc to-V(inf) :

VM

[O]

+

She enjoys
The news made
You had better
They decided
He advises
John regretted


V-ing
+ [NOT] + V(inf)
to – V(inf)

her
not
me

not
not

dancing
cry
come late
to go to the beach
to smoke
buying the car

 Ghi nhớ :

•

Hình thức V-ing theo sau:
Hình thức V (inf) theo sau:
- enjoy
- look forward to
- make + O + Vinf
- mind
- can’t stand
- let + O + Vinf

- hate
- can’t help
- had better + Vinf
- finish
- be / get used to
- would rather + Vinf
- avoid
- consider
- used to + Vinf
- practice
- suggest
- have to + Vinf
- like
- postpone
- ought to + Vinf
- begin
- to be worth
- can/could/ may/might/ will/ should.... +
- start
- to be busy
Vinf
- spend/waste + time/money +Ving:
sử dụng/ lãng phí ........
To V-infinitive:
- want
- decide
- start
- begin
- plan
- hope

- promise
- agree
- seem
- threaten - expect
- would like
- It takes (took) + O + time + to Vinf : ai mất thời gian (bao nhiêu) làm gì
- sau cấu trúc : to be + adj + to Vinf
Ex : to be important/ necessary/ useful,......+ to Vinf

•

Verbs + O + V-infinitive:
- tell + O + to V
- allow + O + to V
- want + O + to V

- ask + O + to V
- advise + O + to V
- permit + O + to V - remind + O + to V
- warn + O + (not) to V - .................

 MỘT SỐ GIỚI TỪ CẦN CHÚ Ý :
Giới từ đi với tính từ

Giới từ đi với động từ
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Tài liệu mơn Ngoại Ngữ ơn thi cơng chức năm 2019
- interested in

- fed up with
- bored with
- different from
- tired of
- crowded with
- surprised at
- similar to
- fond of
- aware of
- afraid of
- frightened of
- capable of
- responsible for
- composed of
- suitable for / to

- give up
- take care of
- grow up
- carry out
- get rid of
- succeed in
- attempt at
- wipe out

- influence on
- apply for (a job)
- depend on
- look for / after / at
- agree with

- consist of
- confide in
- result in

IX. ARTICLES: (M ẠO TỪ)
A. Indefinite Articles( Mạo từ bất định) : a/ an
- Dùng trước danh từ ( số ít) chưa xác định / mới đề cập lần đầu
* Dùng “an” trước ngun âm ( u, e, o, a, i) hoặc phụ âm “h” khơng đọc rõ
Ex : an hour, an honest person
* Dùng “a” trước danh từ/ tính từ bắt đầu bằng “u” đọc là /ju:/
Ex : a unit ( nhưng an unofficial strike)
- a/ an thường dùng trong các trường hợp sau
+ với danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp .
Ex : a doctor ; an engineer
+ danh từ đếm được số ít.
Ex : We had an argument
+ các từ chỉ số, số lượng.
Ex : A hundred, a million, a pair of shoes
- Khơng dùng a/ an trước danh từ khơng đếm được.
B. Definite Article ( Mạo từ xác định) : the
1. Các trường hợp dùng “the”
- Những vật duy nhất.
- Các danh từ được xác đònh qua
ngữ cảnh hoặc được đề cập trước
đó.
- Các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí.
- Trước tên các tàu thuyền, máy
bay.
- Các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy
núi…

- Một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc
gia.
- Tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp.
- Trong so sánh nhất.
- Tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia
đình).
- Các danh từ đại diện cho một
loài.
- Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi
chốn.
- Số thứ tự.
- Chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian.
2. THE không được dùng:
- Trước các danh từ số nhiều nói
chung
- Danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm
được.
- Các danh từ chỉ màu sắc.
- Các môn học.
- Các vật liệu, kim loại.
- Các tên nước, châu lục, thành
phố.

Ex : the sun, the moon, the world….
- I have a book and an eraser. The book is now
on the table.
Ex: the theater, the concert, the church
Ex: The Titanic was a great ship.
Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea, the
Pacific Ocean, the Himalayas

Ex: the Philippines, the United States.
Ex: You should help the poor.
Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class.
Ex: The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams
Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet.
Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the
water…..
Ex: the first, the second, the third….
Ex: the next, the following, the last...
Ex: They build houses near the hall.
Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
Ex:
Ex:
Ex:
Ex:

Red and white make pink.
Math is her worst subject.
Steel is made from iron.
Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam.

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Tài liệu mơn Ngoại Ngữ ơn thi cơng chức năm 2019
-

Các chức danh, tên người.
Các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn.
Các trò chơi, thể thao.

Các loại bệnh tật.
Ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói.
Các kì nghỉ, lễ hội.

Ex:
Ex:
Ex:
Ex:
Ex:
Ex:

President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga
We have rice and fish for dinner
Football is a popular sport in VN.
Cold is a common disease.
English is being used everywhere
Tet, Christmas, Valentine…

Các cụm từ “at work/ at home/ at school/ go to
work/ go home/ go to school”

X. WH-QUESTION:
CÂU TRẢ LỜI
a. Dạng : S+ be + …
Ex : I am very well.
She is beautiful.
b. Dạng : S + Vngyên mẫu
Ex : I have two brothers.
c. Dạng : S + Vs/ es
Ex : He likes books.

d. Dạng : S + have/ has / had + V3
Ex : He has lived here since last week.
d. Dạng : S + V2 / ed
Ex : They went to the cinema
yesterday.
e. Dạng : S + will/ can/ should + V
Ex : I will see him tomorrow.

CÂU HỎI
-> Chữ để hỏi + am / is / are
…..?
was / were
Ex : How are you ?
How is she ?

+S

-> Chữ để hỏi + do + S + Vnguyên mẫu
?
Ex : How many brothers do you have?
-> Chữ để hỏi + does + S + Vnguyên
mẫu ?
Ex : What does he like?
-> Chữ để hỏi + have/ has/ had + S + V3?
Ex : When has he lived here?
-> Chữ để hỏi + did + S + Vnguyên mẫu
?
Ex : Where did they go to yesterday?
-> Chữ để hỏi + will / can / could + S
+ Vnguyên mẫu ?

Ex : When will you see him?

*Lưu ý : How many + Nđđ(số nhiều) .

Ex : I have bought three new shoes. -> How many new shoes have you bought ?
How much + N kđđ.
Ex : I bought two bottle of milk.
-> How much milk did you buy?
How long
-> bao lâu ?
How far
-> bao xa?
How
-> phương tiện , cách thức
* NẾU LÀ DẠNG CÂU HỎI GIÁN TIẾP THÌ THỨ TỰ CÂU HỎI VẪN LÀ THỨ TỰ NHƯ CÂU BÌNH
THƯỜNG – khơng dùng đảo ngữ giữa S và V)
Ex: I don’t know why he went away. ( sai : I don’t know why did he go away)
I wonder how he could do that. ( sai : I wonder how could he do that)
XI. TAG QUESTION ( CÂU HỎI ĐI)
S + V + O , [ ] + ĐẠI TỪ ?
Trong đó : * Đại từ : Lấy chủ từ câu đầu đổi thành đại từ
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019
Đàn ông ---> he
Đàn bà ----> she
Vật (số ít ) --- -> it
There --- -> there
This / that --- -> it

These / those --- -> they
* Các đại từ như : they,he she ... thì giữ nguyên
* [ ] : nhìn ở câu đầu nếu có động từ đặc biệt thì giữ nguyên, nếu không có thì mượn trợ động từ
do,does ,did
* Nếu câu đầu có NOT hoặc các yếu tố phủ định như : never, rarely, no, hardly .., thì [ ] không có NOT
Ex : - You have a brother, don't you?
- Mr Minh has been to Hue, hasn't he?
- We don't eat dinner at home, do we?
- It isn't raining, is it?
Ngoại lệ : I am -> aren’t I ?
Let’s -> shall we?
Lời yêu cầu -> will you? ( Ex : Open the door, will you?)

XII. Adverbial clauses of concession: (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ):
* Though/ Although/ Even though: dù, mặc dù tuy
Though/ Although/ Even though + 1 mệnh đề (S + V)
Ex : Although they are poor, they live happily.
1 mệnh đề
# Despite / In spite of + 1 cụm danh từ/ Ving Ex : In spite of his illness, he went to school.
1 cụm danh từ

XIII. So VÀ Therefore (bởi vậy, vì thế, vì vậy), But VÀ However (nhưng, tuy nhiên),
BECAUSE, SINCE
1. So và Therefore (bởi vậy, vì vậy) dùng để giới thiệu kết quả
Ex : He was lazy, so he failed the exam. (Anh ta lười bởi vậy anh ta đã trượt kì thi)
He was lazy. Therefore, he failed the exam.
- So không đứng đầu câu và trước dấu phẩy
2. But và However (nhưng, tuy nhiên)dùng để diễn tả nghĩa đối lập nhau trong câu.
Ex : I like coffee, but my brother likes tea.
I like coffee. However, my brother likes tea. hoặc I like coffee; however, my brother likes tea.

3. Because, since (vì, bởi vì) + a clause, ................
Ex : Because Nam was lazy, he didn’t pass the exam.

XIV. Adverbial clauses of time (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian):
* Mệnh đề thời gian trong quá khứ:
Ex : When I came, they had gone away.
•
•
•
•

When + S + V (past simple), S + V (past simple)
When + S + V (p ast simple), S + had +VpII
After + S + V (past simple), S + V (past simple)
S + V (past simple) as + S + V (past simple)

* Mệnh đề thời gian trong tương lai:
Ex : When he comes, I will call you.
o S + will + V+ before + S + V (present simple)
o When +S + V (present simple), S + will + V
o When+ S + have/has VpII, S + will + V
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o As soon as + S + V (present simple), S + will + V
o S + will + V + till + S + V (present simple)
* Lu ý:
S + have/has + VpII + since + S + V(past simple)
Ex : I have lived here since I was a child.


XV. Phrasal verbs
1. Loại 1:
Verb + adverb + object
look up
bring (somebody) up
let (somebody) down
make up
put of
put on/ take of
take away
try on
turn down
turn on/ turn of
work out

tra từ
nuôi dỡng
làm ai thất vọng
bịa (chuyện)
trì hoãn
mặc (quần áo) vào/ cởi ra
mang đi
thử quần áo
từ chối
bật lên/ tắt đi
giải quyết/ lên kế hoạch

2. Loại 2:
Verb + preposition + object

come across
count on
fall for
join in
keep of
look after
look for
look into
run into = meet
take after

tìm thấy một cách tình cờ
dựa vào
bị hấp dẫn bởi ai
tham gia
tránh xa
chăm sóc
tìm kiếm
điều tra
gặp
giống

3. Loại 3:
Verb + adverb
break down
break up
get away
get by
go down >< go up
hold on

pass away = die
pass out
set of/ set out
stand out
stand for
take of

hỏng
chia tay
chạy trốn
sống qua ngày
hạ (giá cả) >< tăng
chờ (máy điện thoại)
chết
bất tỉnh
khởi hành
nổi bật
viết tắt cho
cất cánh (máy bay)

4. Loại 4:
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Verb + adverb + preposition + object
catch up with
đạt đợc trình độ ngang bằng
come up against
đơng đầu (với một khó khăn)

come up with
nghĩ ra
face up to
đối mặt (với khó khăn)
fall in with = agree
đồng ý
get along/ on with
có mối quan hệ tốt
get out of
thoát khỏi
look up to
kính trọng
make up for
đền bù
put up with
chịu đựng
run out of
hết, cạn kiệt
stand up for
ủng hộ
stand up to
chống đối
* fill in ( điền vào), look up (tra từ), give up (từ bỏ, bỏ), wash up (lau dọn), go on (tiếp
tục), turn up (xuất hiện, đến), go of (nổ), look after (chăm sóc), try out (kiểm tra),
take after (giống), hold up (trì hoãn), get over (hồi phục)

PART B:

PRACTICE TESTS (BI TP THC HNH)
PRACTICE TEST 1


Section A: Hóy khoanh trũn ký t A, B, C hay D ng trc t hoc cm t m cú th hon
thnh cõu ỳng nht:
1. Mr. John: ________ you like some wine? Ms Hoa: Yes, please. Thank you.
A. Could
B. Will
C. Do
D. Would
2. How many oranges ________ on the table?
A. there is
B. there are
C. are there
D. is there
3. He was absent ________ class yesterday.
A. on
B. at
C. for
D. from
4. We ________Doris since last Sunday.
A. dont see
B. havent seen
C. didnt see
D. wont see
5. He is the ________ student in the class.
A. very intelligent B. most intelligent
C. more intelligent D. less intelligent
6. She dances very ________.
A. gracefully
B. graceful
C. good

D. beautiful
7. I ________ an email from my old friend last week.
A. sent
B. gave
C. received
D. took
8. Many people spend most of their free time ________ volunteer work.
A. doing
B. to do
C. do
D. for doing
9. Miss White is wearing a ________ dress.
A. red new pretty B. new pretty red
C. pretty red new D. pretty new red
10. The children are old enough to look after ________.
A. them
B. their
C. themselves
D. theirs
11. The calendar is ________ the clock, ________ the pictures and the lamp.
A. on/ next to
B. under/ between
C. behind/ between D. above/ on
12. If the weather ________fine tomorrow, we ________ on a picnic.
A. will be / go
B. had been / would go
C. were / would go D. is / will go
13. We spent an enjoyable evening boating in the river.
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A. boring
B. comfortable
C. pleasant
14. The window is broken. When did it ________?
A. happen
B. practice
C. excuse
15. We have got a problem. I hope you can help ________.
A. us
B. yourself
C. myself
16. They played very well. _________, they lost the match.
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Moreover

D. free
D. chew
D. ourselves
D. Consequently

Section B: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn rồi chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất cho mỗi câu hỏi bên dưới:
It’s not enough that the computer is invading our work and play worlds. It has started to
invade our shopping world as well. Shopping by computer, or teleshopping, is a phenomenon that is
beginning to appear in homes, stores, hotels, and even airports. The service allows the shopper to
look at electronic catalogs and to order items, such as dishes, clothing or concert tickets, without
leaving the computer. This modern way of shopping is convenient, especially for busy people.

17. The computer is now invading __________.
A. our work and play world

B. our shopping world

C. our work, play and shopping world.

D. our business world

18. The service allows the shopper to __________.
A. see the goods

B. make a bargain

C. shop on-line

D. buy low-priced goods

19. Internet shopping is convenient for __________.
A. people who don’t have much free

time B. people who have to

travel a lot

C. people who do the housework

D. people who don’t like shopping

20. According to the passage, you can’t do your teleshopping without __________.

A television

B. a shopping list

C. a computer

D. a telephone

Section C: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau và tìm MỘT từ thích hợp để điền vào mỗi chỗ trống:
The History of Chocolate
The history of chocolate began over three and a half thousand years ago. At that time, people
in the Americas (21) ______ as the Mayans and the Aztecs grew the beans and made chocolate
drinks (22) _____them. Around 1500, Christopher Columbus took cocoa beans to Europe, and
chocolate drinks (23) _____ became popular in Spain. However, it wasn't until nearly 100 years (24)
_____ that people started drinking chocolate in (25) _____parts of Europe.
In 1657, a Frenchman opened the first chocolate house in London. The drink was expensive,
so only rich people (26) _____enjoy it. Chocolate continued to become more popular, (27) _____ it
wasn't until 1847 that the first modern chocolate bar was (28) _____. Now chocolate is available
everywhere, and we also eat it in foods like cakes, biscuits and sweets.
Section D: Hãy khoanh tròn vào ký tự bên dưới của từ/ cụm từ mà anh/chị cho là không đúng:
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29. The television are too expensive for us to buy at this time.
A
B
C
D

30. Thank you for invite me to your birthday party.
A B
C
D
31. Mr. Smith is going to buy a new car, doesn’t he?
A
B
C
D
32. Our director is a nice person whom often gives us a lot of useful advice.
A
B
C
D
Section E: Sử dụng từ/ cụm từ cho sẵn để viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
33. We / listen / some music / after dinner / last night.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
34. He / fishing / every / Saturday morning?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
35. Could you/ tell me/ how/ get/ sports center?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
36. The Internet / fast / convenient / way / information / which / very / up to date.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Section F: Bắt đầu bằng cụm từ cho sẵn, hãy viết lại câu trên sao cho không thay đổi ý nghĩa:
37. We last play tennis five years ago.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
38. John is too weak to carry that suitcase.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
39. Why don’t we go to the movies this weekend?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

40. This exhibition is much more interesting than the last one.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
PRACTICE TEST 2
Section A: Hãy khoanh tròn ký tự A, B, C hay D đứng trước từ hoặc cụm từ mà có thể hoàn
thành câu đúng nhất:
1. Andy: “________ is it from your house to your office?”
Lan: “About one kilometer”.
A. How often
B. How far
C. How much
D. How long
2. Listen! Somebody _________ at the door.
A. knocks
B. has knocked
C. knocked
D. is knocking
3. Mai: “What ________ your job?”
Tom: “I am an office worker”.
A. is
B. are
C. does
D. do
4. Susan doesn’t like working on the weekend, and ________.
A. so does Mary
B. Mary doesn’t, too C. neither does Tom D. Mary does, either
5. Sorry, John is out. Do you want to ________ a message?
A. take
B. leave
C. have
D. get

6. Whose laptop is this? It’s not ________.
A. my one
B. of me
C. me
D. mine
7. The young man said good morning to me ________ French.
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A. by
B. with
C. in
D. from
8________ are some people playing volleyball outside.
A. There
B. Theirs
C. Their
D. They
9. Do you have ________ plan for the weekend?
A. some
B. any
C. little
D. much
10. The topic ________ we are going to discuss is very important.
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. whom

11. Bill: “Thank you for helping me in my new job”. Jane: “________”.
A. Don’t say that B. You’re welcome C. It’s nice of you D. I’m sorry
12. Our director is having ________ meeting tomorrow. Will you take part in ________ meeting?
A. a / a
B. the / a
C. a / the
D. an / a
13. John: “________ you like to go for a drink?”
Mary: “I’d love to”.
A. Can
B. Would
C. Must
D. Shall
14. You haven’t met each other, ________?
A. have you
B. do you
C. did you
D. will you
15. If the weather ________ fine tomorrow, we’ll go on a picnic.
A. will be
B. is
C. is going
D. has been
16. Mr. Brown is very famous for his success. Many reporters are looking for ________.
A. he
B. his
C. him
D. Her
Section B: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn rồi chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất cho mỗi câu hỏi bên dưới:
Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are young

children. Others are teenagers. Many are adults. Some learn at school others study by themselves. A
few learn English just by hearing the language in films, on television, in the office or among their
friends. But not many are lucky enough to do that. Most people must work hard to learn another
language.
Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study
their own language, mathematics, science etc. and English. In England, America, or Australia, many
boys and girls study their own language, English. They also have to study many other subjects such
as, mathematics, science, geography etc. and another language, perhaps French, German or Spanish.
Many adults learn English because it is useful for their work. Teenagers often learn English
for their higher studies at college or university because many of their books are in English. Other
people learn English to read newspapers or magazines in English, even to beautify their lives.
17. According to the writer ________
A. only adults learn English.

B. no children like learning English.

C. English is useful only to teenagers.

D. English is popular in much of the world.

18. How do many people learn English?
A. by working hard on their lessons

B. by watching videos only

C. by hearing the language in the office D. by talking with the film stars.
19. Many boys and girls learn English because ________
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A. English can give them a job.

B. it is included in their study courses.

C. their parents make them.

D. they have to study their own language.

20. Many adults learn English because ________
A. their work is useful.

B. they want to go abroad.

C. it helps them in their work.

D. most of their books are in English.

Section C: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau và tìm MỘT từ thích hợp để điền vào mỗi chỗ trống:
Oxford is one of the most beautiful cities of England, and its university is the oldest in the
(21)________ Every year hundreds of young people come up to Oxford from school to (22)
________ three or four years at the university, and they never forget their time (23)________.
People from other countries like to (24)_______Oxford because it has many interesting
buildings. If you go to Oxford, you (25) ________ see the colleges, the old churches, and the
crowds of people, cars and bicycles in the busy High Street, the ( 26) ________ important street in
Oxford, or take a boat (27)________ the river in the sunshine. You will enjoy your visit to this (28)
________ city very much.
Section D: Hãy khoanh tròn vào ký tự bên dưới của từ/ cụm từ mà anh/chị cho là không đúng:
29. Shopping in the mall is usually the comfortable than in the market.

A
B
C
D
30. We don’t mind to wait for you to finish your work before going for a drink.
A
B
C
D
31. We wish today is sunny so that we would spend the day in the seaside.
A
B
C
D
32. When working in an organization, remember to ask for permission if you was absent.
A
B
C
D
Section E: Sử dụng từ/ cụm từ cho sẵn để viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
33. His manager / often / go / fish / when / he / have / time/
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
34. It / take / me / three months/ finish /last/ project/
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
35. He / be/ / old enough / participate/ social activities.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
36. My director / will / on duty/ week.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Section F: Bắt đầu bằng cụm từ cho sẵn, hãy viết lại câu trên sao cho không thay đổi ý nghĩa:
37. The last time I went to my office was last Friday.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
38. Unless you water these plants everyday, they will die
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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39. The new car is so expensive that we can’t buy it.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
40. Speaking English fluently is not very difficult.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
PRACTICE TEST 3
Section A: Hãy khoanh tròn ký tự A, B, C hay D đứng trước từ hoặc cụm từ mà có thể hoàn
thành câu đúng nhất:
1. They often ________ their weekends at the seaside.
A. spend
B. spends
C. spent
D. are spending
2. Tom: “________ people are there in your office?” Mai: “There are sixty one”.
A. How often
B. How far
C. How many
D. How much
3. Kate: “What ________ your brother want to be?” Andy: “He wants to be a doctor”.
A. is
B. does
C. are
D. do

4. _________ you mind showing me how to send an e-mail?
A. Can
B. May
C. Might
D. Would
5. Parents often feel very proud ________ their children’s success at school.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. of
6. Daisy plays tennis very _________.
A. good
B. well
C. bad
D. better
7. We haven’t seen each other _________ ten years.
A. for
B. since
C. about
D. on
8. If I see him, I _________ him to telephone you.
A. will tell
B. will to tell
C. could tell
D. would tell
9. _________ does a cup of coffee cost?
A. How price
B. How many
C. What price
D. How much

10. If the weather ________fine tomorrow, we ________ on a picnic.
A. will be / go
B. were / would go C. is / will go
D. had been / would go
11. ‘May I use your phone?’
‘Certainly. _________.’
A. Here you are
B. You’re welcome C. It doesn’t matter D. Hold on, please
12. Does the manager have ________ plan for the meeting?
A. some
B. any
C. little
D. much
13. The topic ________ we talked about yesterday is very useful.
A. who
B. whose
C. whom
D. which
14. Many students worked hard, _________ they passed the examination.
A. because
B. so
C. but
D. however
15. My smart phone is _________ than yours.
A. so cheap as
B. as cheap
C. cheaper
D. the cheapest
16. Do you like to put on uniform or casual clothes to work?
A. design

B. take
C. wear
D. bring
Section B: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn rồi chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất cho mỗi câu hỏi bên dưới:
The use of computer and the Internet allows people to work at home instead of traveling to
work. For example, a journalist who lives in a remote part of the world still- gets in his articles on
time for the next day's newspapers. The Internet allows businesses to communicate with customers
and workers in any part of the world for the cost of a local telephone call. E. mail allows users to
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send documents, pictures and other data from one part of the world to another in at least 5 minutes.
The Internet is providing a lot of new business opportunities. Some businesses are advertising their
products on the Internet. People can use the Internet to do shopping. This saves a lot of time. It is
possible to use the Internet for education - students may connect with their teachers from home to
send or receive email or talk their problems through 'on-line rather than attend a class.
17. The use of computer and the Internet allows people _____.
A. to stay at home and rest

B. not to work

C. to travel to work D. to work at home

18. The Internet is _____ to communicate with people around the world.
A. an inconvenient way

B. a cheap way


C. an expensive wayD. a difficult way

19. Through the Internet, businesses can _____.
A. advertise and sell their products

B. buy goods from each other

C. send their products to customers

D. attend a class

20. It takes _____ to do the shopping on the Internet.
A. a lot of time

B. a little time

C. less time

D. more time

Section C: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau và tìm MỘT từ thích hợp để điền vào mỗi chỗ trống:
Jeans are very popular with (21)_____ people all over the world. Some people say that
(22)_____ are the “uniform” of youth. But they haven’t always been popular. The story of jeans
started almost two hundred years (23)_____. People in Genoa, Italy made pants. The cloth made in
Genoa was (24)_____“jeanos”. The pants were called “jeans”. In 1850, a salesman in California
began (25)_____ pants made of canvas. His name was Levi Strauss. (26)_____they were so strong,
“Levi’s pants” became (27)_____with gold miners, farmers and cowboys. Six years later Levis
began making his pants with blue cotton cloth called denim. Soon after, factory (28)_____in the US
and Europe began wearing jeans. Young people usually didn’t wear them.
Section D: Hãy khoanh tròn vào ký tự bên dưới của từ/ cụm từ mà anh/chị cho là không đúng:

29. Would you like coming and stay with us while you are in town?
A
B
C
D
30. I study English because I want getting a good job.
A
B
C
D
31. My parents reminds me to spend more time playing sports after a hard-working day.
A
B
C
D
32. Mr. Smith is going to buy a new Japanese car, doesn’t he?
A
B
C
D
Section E: Sử dụng từ/ cụm từ cho sẵn để viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh:
33. We / listen / some music / after dinner / last night.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
34. It/ take / her / three months / prepare for the English exam.
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

35. You / not / old / enough / work/ this factory.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
36. He / fishing / every / Saturday morning?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Section F: Bắt đầu bằng cụm từ cho sẵn, hãy viết lại câu trên sao cho không thay đổi ý nghĩa:
37. I can’t phone her because I don’t have her phone number.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
38. Your laptop is more expensive than mine.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
39. The last time I saw him was in 2004.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
40. Going swimming in the summer is very relaxing.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
PRACTICE TEST 4
Section A: Hãy khoanh tròn ký tự A, B, C hay D đứng trước từ hoặc cụm từ mà có thể hoàn
thành câu đúng nhất.
1. If she __________ rich, she would travel around the world.
A. would be
B. is
C. has been
D. were
2. Nowadays wild animals __________ in many parts of the world.
A. were protected B. are protected
C. protected
D. protect
3. I was __________ tired that I went to bed early.
A. so
B. such
C. too
D. very

4. I talked to the boy __________ kite was caught in a tree.
A. whose
B. who
C. which
D. that
5. I finally finished __________ at 7 p.m. and served dinner.
A. cooking
B. being cooked
C. to cook
D. to be cooked
6. They worked hard __________ they could pass the final examination.
A. because
B. since
C. so that
D. in case
7. I didn’t have time for _______ breakfast this morning because I was in _________ hurry.
A. Ø/ a
B. a/ the
C. the/ a
D. Ø/ Ø
8. We __________ in silence when he suddenly __________ me to help him.
A. were walking/ was asking
B. were walking/ asked
C. walked/ asked
D. walked/ asking
9. Whenever those two ladies meet, they stop __________.
A. talking
B. talk
C. to talking
D. to talk

10. We must hurry, otherwise we should be late __________ school.
A. for
B. to
C. from
D. on
11. Bill: “Thank you very much for a lovely party.” Paul: “__________.”
A. Thanks
B. Have a good day C. Cheers
D. You are welcome
12. I hope we can __________ the difficulty without too much effort.
A. get over
B. get off
C. get away
D. get through
13. Yesterday I __________ finish the work because I was very tired.
A. could
B. can’t
C. couldn’t
D. can
14. All the negative violence on television has had a negative __________ on children.
A. damage
B. programme
C. process
D. effect
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Tài liệu môn Ngoại Ngữ ôn thi công chức năm 2019

15. His pronunciation causes me a lot of __________.

A. difficulties
B. difficulty
C. difficultly
D. difficult
16. I speak French __________ Jenny.
A. more well than B. better than
C. more good than D. better as
Section B: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn rồi chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất cho mỗi câu hỏi bên dưới.
Coal, oil and natural gas supply modern civilization with most of its power. However, not
only are supplies of these fuels limited, but they are a major source of pollution. Therefore, it’s
important to improve, explore and develop such alternative energy sources as nuclear, water, solar
and wind power. Each of these alternatives, however, has advantages and disadvantages.
Nuclear power plants efficiently produce large amounts of electricity without polluting the
atmosphere; however, they are costly to build and maintain, and they create the difficult problem of
what to do with nuclear waste. Hydroelectric power is inexpensive and environmentally safe, but
impractical for communities located far from moving water. Wind power is a pollution-free source
of renewable energy but it cannot be used in many parts of the world where there is insufficient
wind. Solar power is renewable, it does not cause pollution and it does not add the earth’s heat load.
However, it is difficult to collect and store. Solar power also requires expensive equipment.
Every source of energy has its disadvantages. One way to minimize them is to use less
energy. Conservation efforts coupled with renewable energy resources will ensure supplies of clean,
affordable energy for humanity’s future.
17. Coal, oil and natural gas __________.
A. are very great in amount

B. will never be used up

C. pollute the atmosphere

D. supply most of its power


18. Nuclear power plants __________.
A. are difficult to build

B. pollute the atmosphere

C. are very cheap to maintain

D. create the problem of nuclear waste

19. Wind power __________.
A. cannot be used in places that has strong wind

B. is never completely used up

C. is a source of pollution

D. cannot replace itself

20. What is the advantage of these alternatives?
A. They are environmentally friendly energy sources. B. They are non-renewable forms of energy.
C. They are all very practical.

D. They are inexpensive to exploit.

Section C: Đọc kỹ đoạn văn sau và tìm MỘT từ thích hợp để điền vào mỗi chỗ trống.
If you want to prepare yourself for great achievement and have more to (21) __________ to
your education or your work, try reading more books. Pick up some of the interestingly informative
books and search for well-researched material that can help you grow.
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