Chu bien Kim Hyeonju - Lee Boyeong
John Boswell - Henry Amen IV
Chuyen ngtf phan chii giai Le Huy Lam

z

WHA XUAT BAN TONG HCfP
THANH PHO Hd CHf MINH

NTV
Cong ty TNHH
Nhan Tri Viet


Tomato TOEIC
SPEAKING FLOW
Copyright © 2009 Neungyule Education, Inc.
Published in Vietnam, 2009
This edition is published in Vietnam under a license Agreement between Neungyule Education, Inc.
Korea and Nhan Tri Viet Co., Ltd. Vietnam through Imprima Korea Agency, Korea.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.


tdi

gidi

thieu

Ban da tufng dap ngufdi tuyet chifa?
Nhieu nguol khong tin rang chung ta co thl dap dune nguoi tuyet tu nhiing bong tuyet be nho.
Nhung day la su that! That ki dieu!
/
Tuong tu, nhieu nguoi cung khong tin la chungTa cd'the noi tieng Anh that tot nhd hocXthuoc mot
so each didn dat ciia tieng Anh. Su thatja mot so nguoi hoc thupc rat nhieu tu vung va nhilp. each
dien dat khac nhau nhung cudi cung cung khong the giao tiep bang tieng Anh. Nhung nguoi nay
gidng nhu nhiing nguoi di gom tuyet thanh ddng roi de do cho no tu tan chay. Vay bi quyet n|m o
dau?
'
i
Ghac cac ban hieu cum tii 'be supposed to' chu? Cum tii nay co nghia la 'dung ra phai lam gi do'.
Cum tii nay rat quen thuoc trong.loi an tieng noi ciia nguoi ban xii. Do do, khi nghe mot ngu^l ban
xii noi ra mot cau cd cum tii tyay, chac chan ban se hieu ngay. Nhung van de la: Ban cd chac la ban
cd kha nang sii dung cum ,tii nay gidng nhu nguoi ban xii khong?

/

Chac cMn la ban prong the dung tdt cum tii nay neu ban chi hoc thuoc long mot vai cau/Cd cum tii
nay. Neu chi va^ thl khong dii. Tdt hon la ban phai thii dung no trong cac tinh hudng/khac nhau.
Cd the bmr-diing no khi ndi chuyen vdi nguoi ban xu, hoac ndi chuyen vdi ban be, hay tham chi tapndi chuyen mot minh.
'
Ngoai ra, ban cung cd the thu am giong ndi ciia minh, sau do nghe lai va chinfi'siia de sau do ndi
tdt hon. Lric dau ban cd the ndi ngan thdi, roi sau do dan dan ban tap ndhdai hon. Muc tieu ciia
tai lieu nay la giiip ban cd the ndi duoc lien tuc trong 1 phut.
/
Muc dich chinh ciia quyen sach nay la giiip cac ban chuan bi cho'phdn Ndi ciia TOEIC (TOEIC
Speaking). Tuy nhien, cac ban vfin cd the dmig'tai lieu nay de'nang cao kha nang ndi tieng Anh
ciia minh ndi chung.
^/

Chiing tdi tin rang quyen sach nay se giiip ban not tfeng Anh that tdt. Ban nhd la phai dap cho
duoc nguoi tuyet nhe. Ddngytuyet thi khong dii dau!

P?
Tap the dau bep Tomato Speaking


What's

on

the

M.E.N.U?

Sc

h K"

_C3l.

r~~\ Y~ Q
Lv

y

7 foai nguyen lieu
de nau mon Speaking

Recipe 1. Grammar

Recipe 2. Vocabulary
Recipe 3. Listening
Recipe 4. Pronunciation
Recipe 5. Tu duy theo kieu Anh
Recipe 6. Fluency
Recipe 7. Goal

29


Tir luyen tap phat am

Denrioi lien tuc
trong 1 phut

The loai I: Doc doan van
The loai 11; Mien ta anh
/
The loai III: Tra loi can hoi
The loai IV: Doc thong tin va tra loi can hoi 122
The loai V: Trinh bay giai phap

148

The loai VI: Trinh bay y kien

174

Actual
Tests


Actual Test 1

200

Actual Test 2

214

Actual Test 3

228

Actual Test 4

242

Actual Test 5

.256


tau

true

quyen

sach


Dau tien la hay doc!

Truoc het, chung ta phai xac dinh
dau la nhung ngo nhan va dau la
su that vg viec ndi tieng Anh.

Luyen tap moi
an

the loai theo 6
birdc dirdi day!

Preview tung the loai
0 day, ta can xac dinh chu de trong tung
the loai la gi.

Cool Solution Recipe: Bi quyet de tim
ra each tra 16i tot nhat

Cool Solution Recipe: Bai hoc thuc te
tren giay
Phan giai thich chi tiet se giup ban
hieu van de rat de dang.
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|

Hot Training Recipe: Cac each dien dat
thudng gap trong m6i the loai


Hot Training Recipe: Ready?
Phan nay giup ban luyen tap de
lam quen vdi cac each didn dat
thuong gap trong mdi the loai.

Mini Test
Phan nay giup ban tu lam thii
cac can hoi gidng nhn thi that.

Kiem tra nang luc ban than!

m
Phdn nay giiip ban tu kiem tra nang luc
nham xac dinh diem manh va diem yen
cua chinh minh.

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Hi/dng dan

sii dung

sach

Z.
Thdi khoa bieu mau

Hoan tat trong


1. Ban khong nen de qua trinh luyen ndi ciia minh bi gian doan, du chi mot ngay. Tot nhat la ban
nen danh ra moi ngay mot gib, lien tuc trong 28 ngay de hoan thanh pMn Speaking ca ban.
2. Trong pMn Starter co muc So, how?, ban khong can phai hoc het muc nay. Thay vao do, ban
chi chon nhiing noi dung ma minh thay chn thiet.


Thdi khoa bieu man cho hoc vien
chuan bi thi TOEIC Speaking

Hoan tat trong
10 ngay

1. Hoc vien phal bat dau it nhat 10 ngay tnro'c ngay thi.
2. Sau khi da lam xong phan Actual Test, ban nen tap viet lai phan tra 161 da ghi am ctia minh
Qua trinh nay se giup ban not tot hon.

Thbi khoa bieu man cho hoc vien
chuan bi thi TOEIC Speaking

Hoan tat trong
4 tuan

1. Hoc vien phai bat dau It nhat 28 ngay truoc ngay thi.
2. Viec thuc hien cac bat Actual Test va sau do tu minh danh gia bai lam thong qua CD-ROM la
cong doan giiip nang cao diem so rat nhanh chong.

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Thong tin ve

TOEfC

Thong tin chung

ky

thi

Speaking

& Writing

ky thi TOEIC Speaking & Writing

Hien tai ky thi TOEIC Speaking & Writing gom hai loai; TOEIC Speaking & Writing kiem tra ky
nang noi va ky nang viet va TOEIC Speaking chi kiem tra ky nang noi. Thi sinh co the chon mot
trong hai loai nay de dang ky du thi.
01 He thong ky thi
Ky thi TOEIC Speaking & Writing dugc tien hanh theo the thuc IBT (Internet-based Test); thi
sinh se lam bai thi tren may tinh tai cac trung tarn khao thi ducxc chi dinh. Trong phan Speaking
Test, cau tra loi ciia thi sinh se dugc ghi am lai; a Writing Test, thi sinh se lam bai true tiep tren
may va phan tra 161 se duuc gui den ETS 6 Hoa Ky qua duong trayen Internet. Phan tra 161 ciia
thi sinh se duqc cac chuyen gia cua ETS true tiep cha'm diem.
02 Diem so
1. Phuomg thuc tinh diem (Scoring)
Diem so ciia bai thi TOEIC Speaking & Writing duoc
tinh rieng; so diem toi da cho moi ky nang la 200
diem. Cap do 8 la cap dp cao nhat ciia Speaking va

cap dp 9 la cap do cao nhat cua Writing.
2. Thong bao diem
Khoang 3-4 tuan sau ngay thi, thi sinh co the xem
diem qua trang Web do ETS chi dinh va thi sinh se
nhdn dupe phieu diim trong vong 7-10 ngay ke tii
ngay cong bo' diem.
3. Thoi han hieu luc ciia ket qua thi
Thdi han hieu luc la 2 nam. De du thi, thi sinh
khong can phai co dieu kien dac biet nhu hoc luc, tu
each, v.v.

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Thong tin ve TOEIC Speaking Test
01 Dac tnmg
Muc dich cua TOEIC Speaking Test la nhdm danh gia kha nang giao tiep bang tieng Anh trong
moi truong kinh doanh qudc te.
Gidng nhu TOEIC en ban, TOEIC Speaking Test cung xoay quanh cac chu de nhu cong viec va
cuoc song hang ngay. Tuy nhien, phan nay khac TOEIC co ban a chfi no true tiep danh gia duwc
nang luc noi tieng Anh ciia thi sinh.
02 Thai gian thi va cau tao cua bai thi
■
mmm
MB

M6i cau 45 giay

M6i cau 45 giay


0-3 diem

M6i cau 30 giay

M6i cau 45 giay

0-3 diem

Khdng

Cau 4:15 giay
Cau 5; 15 giay
Cau 6: 30 giay

0-3 diem

Khdng

Cau 7; 15 giay
Cau 8:15 giay
Cau 9: 30 giay

0-3 diem

M8l cau 30 giay

M8i cau 60 giay

0-5 diem


M8i cau 15 giay

M5l cau 60 giay

0-5 diem

03 Chuan hi cho ky thi
1. Noi to va ro rang
Du ban noi rat tot nhung neu giam khao khong nghe ro nhung gi ban noi thi ho cung khong
the cho diem cao duoc.
Trong thbi gian chuan bi, ban nen kiem tra lai cac thiet bi am thanh.
2. Thii ghi am va nghe lai
Giong noi duqc ghi am nghe rat khac giong noi that ben ngoai. Do do, trudc khi thi that, ban
nen thii ghi am giong noi cua minh va nghe lai de danh gia that khach quan ve each phat am
cua ban than,
04 Chuin hi vao phong thi
Thoi gian thi; budi sang bat dau tu 9 gia 20 phut va buoi chieu bat dau tu 13 gia 20 phiit. Thf
sinh co the chon thi buoi sang hoac budi chieu. Ngoai ra, thi sinh phai den truoc gid thi 20 phut.
Khi den phong thi, thi sinh khong can mang theo giay but, nhung phai mang theo giay to tuy
than nhu chung minh nhan dan hoac ho chieu.
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ii


/


7


loai

nau

nguyen

mon

lieu

de

Speaking


Recipe 1 Grammar

2 Sai lam thu5 nhat
NgCf phap

la nen tang

Svt that thh nhat;
Ngtf phap chi la cong cu
nham kiem tra xem can
difcfc not ra la dung hay sai

That vay, neu ta rap cac tu lai vm nhau theo dung ngu phap thi chua chhc ta cd mot
cau cd nghla hoan chinh. Nhu vay, neu ban nam vung ngu phap thi van khong cd nghia
la ban ndi tieng Anh tot. Do la do nhiing nguyen nhan sau day;

Thu nhat, ndi can phan xa nhanh. Den dung thdl diem can ndi ma khdng ndi duoc thi
sau do du ban cd ngh! duoc cau hoan thien den dau cung vd ich. Phan xa nhanh la rat
can thiet.
Thu hai, tu loai trong tieng Anh va tieng Viet cd luc khdng tuong ung vdi nhau. Tieng
Anh va tieng Viet khac nhau vl nhieu mat, trong do cd trat tu tii va tu loai. Ddi khi
trong cau tieng Anh ta can dung mot dong tii de dien dat mot y nao do nhung trong
tieng Viet ta phai diing mot danh tu de didn dat ciing y do.

14

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Vi du; Hal ngudl ban dang ngoi tren 6 to. Mot nguoi dang lai xe con
nguoi kia ngfii ke ben chi dudng. Den mot giao lo, nguoi lai xe lung
tung vi khong biet nen re nga nao. Nguoi kia mbi noi Di tiep di! vdi y
la Di thdng di, dicng queo!. Co nguoi chuyen cum tii Di tiep di! thanh
Go continuously!. Vb ngii phap, cum tii Go continuously! khong sai,
nhung ve nghia thi sai. Trong thuc te, nguoi ta chi noi Keep going!.

JifiBBr
-TT7 7T7~

Thu ba. van noi khong phai luc nao cung chuan ngu phap. Ngbn ngu that trong cuoc
song rat da dang, gan nhu khong co gidi han. De tien cho viec hoc ngon ngii, cac nha
ngon ngu moi tim ra cac quy tac lap di lap lai trong rat nhieu du lieu de tao thanh ngu
phap. Nhu vay ngii phap chi co tinh tuong ddi, khong the dung trong moi truong hop.
Co nhiing cau hoan toan dung ngii phap nhung vdn bi xem la sai vi trong thuc te khong
ai noi nhu vay.
Co the vi ngu phap nhu tarn ban do thanh phd, con ngon ngii that trong cuoc song

chinh la dubng phd trong thanh phd do. Ban dd chi giup chung ta tim ra dudng de dang
hon, nhung ban do khong phai la dudng phd!
Ngu phap giup chung ta tranh su nham lln ve y nghia. Nhd- trat tu tii, thi, dai tii, v.v.,
ta co the phan biet duoc cai nay vdi cai kia. Vi du: Did you eat? chi qua khii, con Are
you going to eat? chi tuong lai.
Nhung cd nhung truong hop ta khong can giu diing ngii phap mot each
may mdc trong van noi. Vi du, giua 2 cau 1 heard you will quit the job
va I heard you would quit the job thi cau thii hai diing ngii phap hon,
nhung chinh cau thu nhat lai diing trong van noi hon.

JlBv

Tom lai, chiing ta nen tap thdi quen noi tieng Anh trudc het la de diln
dat y minh mudn noi, loai bo suy nghi la noi phai diing ngu phap ngay tii ddu. Ban
khong can lo Idng vi ddn dan ban se dat duoc tinh chinh xac mot each tu nhien trong
qua trinh noi.
1. CM ngii gia It
Theo ban thi ta nen dich nhung cau sau sang tieng Anh nhu the nao?
Dd muai mot gia roi.
Ben ngodi trai dang mm phai khong?
Di bang tdu dien ngam mat khodng 30 phut.
Trong tieng Viet, ta khong the xac dinh duqc chii ngii trong nhung cau tren. Trong
tieng Anh, khi noi ve thdi gian, khoang each va thdi tiet, ta diing chii ngii gia It.
It's already 11 o'clock.
Is it raining out there?
It takes about 30 minutes by subway.
2. They, we, you
Theo ban thi ta nen dich nhung cau sau sang tieng Anh nhu the nao?
Nghe noi cd hodn tien lai cho anh roi phai khong?
Trong van phdng het gidy in roi.

O day co nhdn the khong?
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Recipe 1 Grammar 15


Trong cau thii nhat, chu ngfi co the la cong ty hay cua hang nao do. Trong cau thii hah
chii ngil cd the la cong ty hay van phong ma ngum noi dang lam viec. Trong can thu ba,
chu ngii co the la ciia hieu ma nguol noi dang mua hang. Ta co cac cau tieng Anh tuong
ung nhu sau;
Do they give refunds?
We have run out of printing paper.
Do you take cards?
Ro rang, they khong chx cd nghfa la ho, we khong chi cd nghia la chiing ta, va you
khong chi cd nghia la ban. Ngdn ngii trong cuoc song thuc su phtic tap hon rat nhieu!
3. There: dong vai tro chu ngtl
Hang ngay, chung ta thudng ndi cd / khong cd cai gi do. Vi du:
Co qua nhieu nguai trong nhd ve sink.
Khong cd cdi dien thoqi di dong ndo tren ban cd.
Cach de nhat de dien dat y cd/khong cd cdi gi do la can
true there + be.
There are too many people in the restroom.
There isn't a mobile on your desk.
Ban than there la mot trang tu, nhung there + be lai chi trang thai cd/khdng cd cdi gi
do. Lmi y la there khong phai la chu ngii that trong cau. Chu ngu chinh la cum tii theo
sau cau true there + be. Vi vay, trong hai cau tren, are la dong tu di theo chti ngu too
many people; is la dong tii di theo chti ngu a mobile.
4. Trufdng hdp chii ngi? qua dai
Vi du ban mudn ndi:
Ben phdng tap the due moi ngdy qua Id khong de chut ndo.

Chii ngu ciia cau nay la Den phdng tap the due mot ngdy. Chii ngii nay qua dai,
khong tien diing trong tieng Anh. Trong trudng hop nay, trong tieng Anh ngudi ta diing
chii ngii gia It.
It is not easy to go to the gym every day.
Nhu vay, khong gidng trong tieng Viet, cau cii trong tieng Anh thudng phai cd day dii
chii ngii. Neu khong cd chii ngii that thi phai muon chii ngii gia.
Tuf bo loi dich "A = B" (loi dich thug chu')
Gia sii ta cd hai cau:
Mat cua Ann that dep.
John Id gido vien trung hoc.
Hau het chiing ta se dich 2 cau tren sang tieng Anh nhu sau:
Ann's eyes are really beautiful.
John is a high school teacher.
Nhung ngudl ban xii khong ndi nhu vay. Ho ndi the nay;
Ann has beautiful eyes.
John teaches at a high school.
16

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Hai cau nay hiu nhu khong co tii moi nao, nhung chiing ta lai khd noi dune nhn vay.
Van de n day la do each noi trong tig'ng Anh rat khac so vdi tieng Viet. Thong thudng
chung ta hay noi tieng Anh theo each noi tieng Viet (hai can tren), tuy cung dung ve
mat y nghia nhung nghe khong tu nhien blng noi tieng Anh theo kieu Anh (hai cau
dudi).
O cap do so cap, hoc vien thudng noi tieng Anh theo each noi tieng Viet (Mi dich tiing
chu A = B), vi du nhu He is tall.; You are beautiful.; She is nice.; It is my dog.; I like
this bag.; I love this song.; I want this book.; v.v.
Neu mudn tang cudng kha nang noi tieng Anh, ta phai lam quen vdi nhieu loai

cau khac nhau. Theo truyen thong, chung ta cd 5 loai cau trong tieng Anh.
Muc tieu cua chung ta khong chi la hieu ma con phai dung thanh thao 5 loai
cau nay theo nhung each thuc va tinh hudng khac nhau.

NhiJng cau true da dang difa tren 5 loai can
Cac ban hay quan sat 3 cau sau day:
It sounds fantastic! That tuy it vdi!
It tastes awful. Mui vi that kinh khung.
You smell like Chanel No.5. Ban co mui nude hoa Chanel No.5.
Ca 3 cau nay dlu diing dong tu chi giac quan. Nho dung dong tu chi giac quan nhu
sound, smell, feel, taste, look thay cho be, ta lam cho cau ndi trd nen da dang hon.
Ngoai ra, ta cd the lam cho van ndi da dang hon bdng each dung tuc tii. Cac ban hay
quan sat cac cau sau day:
I want to meet him alone. Tin mu/fn gap anh ay mot rninh. [to-infinitive]
I'd like to eat out tonight. Tii muin an ngodi tii nay. [to-infinitive]
I need to drop by the bank. 'Tin muin ghe qua ngdn hang, [to-infinitive]
He enjoys starting his day with a cup of coffee. Anh ay thick bdi dau ngdv nun
bang 1 tdch cd phi. [danh dong tu]
I hope you get well soon. Tii nwng chi chdng khoe. [menh de]
Nhu vay, cac ban luu y ring tuc tii khong phli chi la danh tu; trong nhung vi du tren,
tuc tu ciing cd the la to-infinitive, danh dong tii hay tham chi la menh de.
Bay gid, ta bit dau xet den cac each ndi mang y nghia yeu clu, cau khien.
I'd like you to meet my friend. Anh gap ban cua tii nhe. / Day Id ban cua toi.
I want you to come by my office. Ann ghe qua van phdng toi nhe.
I need him to call me right away. Anh ta can phai goi cho toi ngay bay gid.
What do you want me to do? Anh muon toi 1dm gi?
Do you want me to cancel the blind date? Chi muon toi huy bo cmc ken hi do phai
khong?
Cac mau cau tren khong de cap den ddi tuong, trong khi cac mlu cau nay cd dd'i tuong
dupe ndi den.

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Recioe 1 Grammar 17


Ngoai ra, ban dung lan Ion vdi cac can sau day:
I got Dan to call you back. Toi bdo Dan got lai cho ban.
I told Dave to do so. Toi bdo Dave 1dm nhu the.
I made him arrange the meeting. Toi bdo anh ta sap xe'p bmi hop.
I had my staff solve the problem. Toi bdo nhdn men gidi quyet van de do.
I had my coat dry-cleaned. Toi nha nguai giqt kho cdi do khodc.
Nam can tren deu co nghia la nhd ai 1dm viec gi do, nhung cau true lai khong gidng
nhau. Sau dpng tii get hoac tell ta diing to-infinitive, trong khi sau have, make, va let
ta diing dpng tii nguy§n mSu khong to. Tuy nhien, cau cudi co dang hoi
khac vdi cac cau con lai. The tii trong cau nay khong true tiep thuc hien
hanh dpng ma giiia the tu coat va dry-cleaned cd mdi quan he bi dpng, vi
the dpng tii trong trudng hop nay khong phai d dang nguyen mlu ma d
dang qua khu phan tii mang nghia bi dpng.
TwiliSi^Nhom tiep theo ta can xem xet la dpng tii chi giac quan. Vi du:
I saw Ella opening your letter. Toi thay Ella ma thu cua ban.
I heard you cry out. Toi nghe ban la het.
Sau dpng tii chi giac quan, ta cd the dung hien tai phan tii hoac dpng tii nguyen miu
khong to. Neu ngudi ndi chung kien (nghe, thay, ...) trpn ven mot hanh dpng nao do, ta
dung dpng tii nguyen mau khong to. 6 vi du tren, I heard you cry out nghia la toi nghe
trpn ven viec ban la het. Ngupc lai, neu nguol ndi chi chung kien thoang qua mot hanh
dpng nao do thi ta dung hien tai phan tii. Cau I saw Ella opening your letter cho ta
bidt la ngudi ndi chi di ngang qua chd Ella va thay co ay dang md thu; ngudi
1
ndi chi thay mot phan ciia qua trinh ma thdi.
IjBPb^


Tren thuc te thi dpng tii chi giac quan con nhidu each diing khac. Vi du:
i see a glass half empty. Toi thay ly chi cdn phan nua nude.

Tom lai, ngudi hoc ndi d trinh dp so1 cap trudc het cdn nam vung cac cau tnic
co ban. Tii cac cau tnic co ban nay, dan dan ngudi hoc se luyen tap sii dung ngon ngii
trong cac tinh hud'ng khac nhau va didn dat cac y khac nhau.
Tdl day thi chac cac ban da nhan ra rdng mudh ndi tot ta khong the chi hoc thupc long
mot vai cau nao do ma phai ndm vung cau triic. Ngoai ra, de ky nang ndi dupe hoan
thien, ban cdn luu y mot so diem dudi day.
1. Dai tur
Trong tieng Anh, ngudi ta phan biet rat ro cac loai dai tii chi ngudi, chi vat, gidng due,
gidng cai. Day la diem tuong ddi gidng vdi tieng Viet. Tuy nhien, trong tieng Anh, ngudi
ta cd khuynh hudng diing nhidu dai tii hon trong tieng Viet. Vi du, trong tieng Viet ta
ndi: Toi uong trd mdi ngdy vi trd rat tot cho sue khoe., nhung trong tieng Anh ngudi
ta thudng ndi I have a cup of tea every day because it is good for health.

18

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2. Cac hmh thai cua dong td
Dong tii la thanh phan quan trong nhat trong ngon ngu viet cung nhu ngon ngu noi.
Ban phai nam that vung cac thi, hinh thuc qua khii va qua khu phan tii, nhat la ciia
cac dong tii bat quy the, de sao cho m5i khi gap tinh hudng la ban cd the noi ngay duoc,
khong cln phai suy ngh! qua lau.
3. Stf hoa hdp gida chii ngd va dong tii
Khac voi tieng Viet, trong tieng Anh chii ngii va dong tii phai hoa hop vdl nhau ve so,
tuc la chii ngii so nhidu phai di ciing dong tii so nhieu, chii ngii so it phai di ciing dong

tii so it. Dieu nay hoi khd nho khi noi, nhung neu tap dan ban se thhy rat dd.

SO, HOW?
■
Neix ban cam My minh van con chua vung ngu phap, ban co the tim m6t cuon sach
ngu phap hay nao do de xem lai nhting diem ngu phap minh chua vung (LND: nhu cudn
English Grammar In Use ciia Raymond Murphy chang han). Khi xem, ban nen de y su
khac biet giua tieng Viet va tieng Anh.
Ban can hoc thudc long nhung diem ngu phap sau day:
1. Ba the ciia d6ng tii bat quy the (nguyen mlu, qua khu, qua khu phan tii)
2. Dai tu (dai tu lam chii ngu, dp tii lam tiic tii, dai tii so huu, dm tii phmi than tinh
tiisdhiiu)
3. Cac hinh thiic ciia dong tii (d cac thi khac nhau, the chii dong hay bi dong, trq d5ng
tii di kem,...)

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Recipe 1 Grammar 19


Recipe 2 Vocabulary

Sai lam thiJ hai:
Can phai biet

hai mifdi

ngan tOf vi_fng

Su' that thu' hai:

Chat quan trong hdn litdng

O cac nuffc noi tieng Anh, mot nguoi trudng thanh co von tu vung trung binh la dudi
5,000 tii; trong do, chi can 3.000 tu la nguoi do co the thuc hien duoc 85% cac cuoc ddi
thoai hang ngay. Mot nguoi hoc tieng Anh cung chi can chung do von tu ma thoi. Quan
trong la nguoi do cd diing duoc 3.000 tii nay hay khong.
The nao la "biet" mot tii? Neu ban biet nghia ciia mot tii nao do thi van chua dir. Ban
phai biet phat am tii do chinh xac va diing tii do diing each.
Ta ciing xet tii point. Tii nay rat quen thuqc vbi ban va duoc diing rat nhieu trong Ibi
an tieng nbi hang ngay. Neu ban biet nghia ciia tii nay la diem, chi, tro ... va biet each
phat am chinh xac nhung lai khong the diing no trong cau de dibn dat mot y hoan
chinh thi ban chua that su biet tii nay.

20

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Phan chim cua tang bang troi
Co the, ban da biet nghia cua rat nhieu tii tieng Anh, nhung ban can xem
t
Pa

ban that su dung duoc bao nhieu to tieng Anh roi. Nguol ban
xii ciing chi biet 3.000 to vung, nhung 3.000 to vung ciia ho cue
s
bu va rong. Ho co the hieu va dung 3.000 to nay trong vo
v
BP
an tinh hudng khac nhau vdl vo van y nghia khac nhau.

^

Tii vung gidng nhu mot tang bang troi. Nhiing phan ma ta biet
nhu nghia, phat am va mot vai each diing thong thubng chi la phan
noi ciia tang bang. Phdn chim ciia tang bang Ion hon rat nhieu, do
la vo so cac each diing tinh te khac cua to do.
Neu ban md tu dien Anh-Anh (nhu Oxford chang han), ban se thay mot tii co ban cb rat
nhibu tii phai sinh. Vi du to act.
acting
active.
activate
activity
activist

action
take action
out of action

actor
actress

actual
actually

Hau het cac to co ban trong tieng Anh deu co mot "dai gia dinh" tii phai sinh nhu vay.
Tii cang co ban thi cang cd nhieu to phai sinh. 3.000 to ciia ngudi ban xii ma chiing ta
viia ndi d tren chinh la 3.000 to co ban, khdng bao gom to phai sinh. Neu tinh ludn to
phai sinh thi so luong se Ion hon rat nhieu.

TO vifng rat sau sac?

Trong phdn nay, chting ta se xet den ca chieu sau va chieu rong ciia tii vung.
1. Mot so dong td quen thuoc
■ ' try

check

share

change

use

Cac dong tii nay deu quen thuoc va di hieu. Nhung ban nghi la ban cd the diing cac tii
nay theo nhung each dudi day khdng?
May I try it on? Toi cd the mac thu khdng?
Please try this dish. Mai chi an thu man nay.
We need to try it out first. Chung ta can thu nghiem no truac da.
I need to check if it fits me. Toi can kiem tra xem no vita vai toi khdng.
I'll check with him to make sure. De toi kiem tra lai vai anh ay cho ch&c chdn.
Please hold on. I should check in first. Xin gut may. Toi phai dang ky truac da.
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Recipe 2 Vocabulary 21


May I share your umbrella? Lam an cho tot die chimg du vai.
You can just share mine. Anh xdt chmg vai tdi ciing duac.
I share the room with my sister. Tdi vd em gdi a chnng phdng.
Can you change this 100-dollar bill for me? Lam an dot to 100 do-la nay ra tien le
gium tdi.

He seems to seldom change his clothes. Ilinh nhu anh ay it thay dot qudn do.
Do you know where we should change trains? Anh biet did ndo chilng tdi chuyen
xe lua khdng?
I don't use a pillow when I sleep. Khi ngu tdi khdng nam gdi.
He is so mean to use force like that. Anh ta that Id thd Id khi dung vii luc nhuvdy.
What's the use of talking? Not chuyen cd ich loi du ddu!
2. Tieng Viet khac tieng Anh?
Tieng Viet co rat nhilu tu Han-Viet, ma nhiing tii nay doi khi khong cd tu tucmg ung
trong tieng Anh.
Tdi dang nghi den viec di du hoc. -* I'm thinking of studying abroad.
Tieng Anh khdng cd cum tii du hoc nhu tieng Viet nen ta phai diing cum tii study
abroad (hoc o nude ngoai) de thay the.
Tdi tiin Suyeon ra sdn bay. ->■ I took Suyeon to the airport.
Ta cilng biet see off la dm tien ai do, nhung khi ndi tien ai do ra sdn bay thi ngudi
ban xu lai hay ndi take A to the airport (dua A ra san bay). Nguuc lai, vdi y don ai a
sdn bay thi ngudi ban xu lai ndi meet A at the airport.
Are you going to meet me at the airport? Anh se don tdi a sdn bay phai khdng?
3. Collocation (ket hop tii)
Trong tieng Viet, con chd mau den dupe gpi la cho muc, con ngua den
dupe gpi la ngua 6, meo den thi gpi la meo mun. Ta khdng the ndi
chd mun dupe dii mun nghia la muc. Do la vi trong tieng Viet, chd
phai di vdi muc, meo phai di vdi mun, v.v. Cac ket hop tii nay dupe
gpi la collocation.
Tieng Anh cung cd hien tupng tuong tu. Vi du, de ndi cd phi dam, ta
khdng ndi thick coffee hay heavy coffee ma phai ndi strong coffee.
Bo mot thai quen xau khdng phai la throw a bad habit ma la break
a bad habit.
Nhu vay khi ndi ta phai diing dung cac ket hop tii (collocation) thi ngdn ngii mdi tu
nhien va de hieu. Khi hoc tii vung, ta khdng the chi hoc nhiing tii rieng le, ma con phai
hoc cac ket hop tii. Ngoai ket hop tii, ta cilng nen hoc cac dac ngii (idiom), vi du, in the

same boat (ciing canh ngd) hoac cac cau ciia mieng (gambit) nhu How are you doing?
(Anh khde khdng?).

22

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JlLi

Neu xet ve so luong to thi nguol noi tieng Anh gioi co khi khong can nhilu tii
vimg. Nhung cai hay la o ch6 ho biet ket hop luong tii do theo nhieu each hop

^ khac nhau. VI du, ai cung biet tii strong va tii coffee nhung khong phai
^ cung biet cum tii strong coffee de chi cd phi dam ddc. Ai cung biet
put on m
|g|RPr
' ' ®dicine, wound, nhung khong phai ai cung noi dupe cau put
^e medicine on the wound (tra thuoc len vet thuong).
Nhu vay, mot nguoi noi tieng Anh gioi khong nha't thiet phai diing nhung tu qua kho.
Thay vi diing aggravate (trim trong hda), ban chi can noi make it worse; thay vi diing
investigate (dieu tra), ban chi can noi see into, ... Khi biet nghia ciia nhilu tii kho, ban
khong nen vpi miing ma phai xet lai xem ban co the diing diing nhung tii do hay chua
va cd each nao don gian hon dl dien dat ciing mot y do hay khong.
Mot dieu nua ma cac ban can luu y la: Khi hoc mot tii mdi, ban phai diing tii mdi do
thuong xuyen, neu khong no se "che't", tuc la ban se quen no.
Co can hoc thuoc long ca cuon th dien khong?
Khong. Neu ban can biet nghia hay each diing ciia mot tii nao do thi ban nen tra tii
dien. Nhung hau het cac ban se that bai neu cd gang nhdi nhet het tii vung trong tii
dien.

Cach tot nhat de nang^cao ky nang noi la xem phim

nhiing ket hop tii trong khi xem va doc. Qua trinh
nay phai dupe thuc hien thuong xuyen va lien tuc thi
mdi mang lai cho ban ket qua mong mudn.

SO, HOW?
—
_
1. Tnrong hop ban chua biet nghia dan tien ciia cac tii ca ban
Trong trudng hop nay, ban cd the diing cac sach tii vung va Mp trung hoc mot hoac
vdi nghia dau tien ciia tii.
2. Truong hop ban da biet nghia ca ban cua khoang 2.000-3.000 tu
Trong triidng hop nay, ban nen bat dan mo rdng chieu sau va nhung each sii dung
ciia cac tu do. Bang nhilu each khac nhau, ban cd thi tich luy va lam thanh mdt tap
tii vung ciia rilng minh. Ban cung nen diing tii dien loai Ion va day dii dl hoc each
dung va ede kit hop tu ciia nhung tii ma ban da biet.
3. Cdn hoc tii vimg hang nghy
Dol vdi tu vung, vile hoc deu dan va kiln tn la can thilt. De nhanh nhd' dupe mot tii
hay mlt cum tii, ban cdn phai cd an tupng dac biet vdi tii do. De CO £n tuimg, ban
phai nMn tii do trong mot ngu canh, mdt cau vi du chang ban. Neu khong cd an
tupng die bilt, ban cd the nhd tii do bang each tilp xiic vdl tii dd nhilu lan.

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Recipe 2 Vocabulary 23


pe 3 Listening


&et out of heve
G-et out of hev-e
l Sai lam thtf ba:
Neu nghe nhieu

Get out of here

.I v
s •
• 7 •
tm se noi gioi

Stf that thtf ba:
Vufa nghe vtfa noi theo
thi se noi gioi

Co nguoi xem cac kenh tmyen hinh cua My lien tuc trong suot mot nam nhmig noi
tieng Anh vin khong tot. Do la vi ho thieu yeu to thii hai: noi theo trong khi nghe. Neu
chi nghe thu dong thi ban se nghe tot nhung v&n khong md mieng noi duoc.
Cac ban nen tap thoi quen viia xem phim hoac chuong trinh minh yeu thich bang tieng
Anh viia noi theo lot cua nhan vat nhu the minh la nhan vat do. Chdc chdn sau mot
thoi gian, ban se noi tot hon.
Ngoai ra, ki nang nghe cung rat quan trong vi: Trong mot cuoc ddi thoai, phai nghe
duoc nguoi kia noi gi thi ban moi hieu va co the dap lai. Neu ban noi rat tot, phat am
va dung cum tu rat chuan nhung ban khong hieu nguoi kia dang hoi ve dieu gi thi ban
cung khong the tra 16i dupe. Theo thong ke thi 50% that bai trong giao tiep la do nguoi
noi khong hieu nguM kia dang noi gi de tra loi cho phu hop.
Nhu vay, mudn noi tot tieng Anh, ban phai luyen tap ca nghe va noi cang nhieu cang
tot. Co le ban se thlc mac: 0 Viet Nam, chung ta co rat it ca hoi giao tiep blng tieng
Anh. Vay lam sao de tap noi? Cau tra loi la: Neu ban khong co hay cd it ca hoi giao tiep


24

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true tiep bang tieng Anh thi ban nen tap nghe hoi thoai tieng Anh that
nhieu. Ban nen nho rang nghe khong chi de hieu, ma con phai de y va
lap lai cac ket hop tii. Dieu nay co the phln nao thay the qua trinh
giao tiep tiuc tiep, Di nhien, ly tudng nhat van la ket hop day dti nghe

SO, HOW?
-•"•^rrrr... ■

Chiing toi tin rang neu ban cham chi tap luyen diing phuong phap thi ki nang ndi tieng
Anh ciia ban se tien bo rat nhanh. Bi quyet de dat duqc dieu nay la ban nen gan viec
tap luyen vao sinh boat hang ngay cua minh. Hang ngay ban xem phim, Yem tin tuc,
tdp the thao, doc bao, v.v. thi bay gib ban ciing vln lam nhung Vibe do nhung co ket hop
vdi tap luyen noi tieng Anh.
1. Xem phim anh
Thay vi xem phim Viet Nam hay phim thuyet minh tieng Viet, ban nen chuyen qua
xem phim bang tieng Anh. Hien nay co rat nhieu kenh truybn binb chieu phim bang
tieng Anh. Ban nen tan dung cac kenh nay de phat trien ki nang ndi mdi ngay. Ban
diing qu§n each xem phim ma chiing toi viia goi y o tren nhe, tiic la de y va ndi theo
161 nhan vat trong phim khi xem. Luc dau ban cd the nhin phu de tieng Anh
2. Xem ban tin
Ban cung nen thuong xuydn xem cac ban tin tieng Anh tren cac kenh tieng Anh
trong nude, hoac tot nhat la cac kenh nude ngoai. Liic dau cd the ban se gap khd
khan nhung din dan chac chan ban se nghe duqc.
3. Luyen tap tieng Anh trong khi lam cac cong viec khac

Neu khong cd dii thdi gian, ban cd the viia t|p the due viia xem cac game show hay
cac chuong trinh soi ddng khac bang tieng Anh tr§n ti-vi. Ban cung cd the viia lai xe
viia nghe nhac bang tieng Anh.
4. Neu ban rat ban ron, chi co thdi gian de hoc lop luyen thi TOEIC thdi?
Trong trudng hop nay, dieu tot nhat ban cd the lam II tap nghe di nghe lai phln
audio ciia cac bai tap luyen thi TOEIC ma ban dang hoc, cung de y cac ket hqp tii va
lap lai nhu khi xem phim. Tuy each nay hoi budn te, nhung day la lua chon tot nhlt
trong hoan canh ciia ban.

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Recipe 3 Listening 25