ending sound
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Handout 1:
1. The pronunciation of the ending “s/es” (cách đọc âm cuối “s/es”)
Có 2 cách phát âm phụ âm cuối “s” như sau:
/iz/:Khi từ có tận cùng là các âm /s/, /z/, /∫/, /t∫/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/ (thường có tận cùng là các chữ
cái ce, x, z, sh, ch, s, ge)
Classes / klɑ:siz/, washes /wɒ∫iz/, Watches / wɒt∫iz/, Changes /t∫eindʒiz/
/s/:Khi nó k phải là /iz/
Units / 'ju:nits/, Stops / stɒps/, Topics / 'tɒpiks, Laughes / lɑ:fs/, Breathes / bri:ðs/
Phụ: /z/ và /s/ sẽ chỉ phân biệt được khi chúng ta nối âm, còn nói nhanh thì giống nhau,
ok? No questions asked please.
Sam, a surly sergeant from Cisco, Texas, saw a sailor sit silently on a small seat
reserved for youngsters. He stayed for several minutes, while tots swarmed around.
Sam asked the sailor to cease and desist but he sneered in his face. Sam was so
incensed that he considered it sufficient incentive to sock the sailor. The sailor stood
there for a second, astonished, and then strolled away. Sam was perplexed, but
satisfied, and the tots scampered like ants over to the seesaw.
A lazy Thursday at the zoo found the zebras grazing on zinnias, posing for pictures, and teasing
the zookeeper, whose nose was bronzed by the sun. The biggest zebra’s name was Zachary,
but his friends called him Zack. Zack was a confusing zebra whose zeal for reason caused his
cousins, who were naturally unreasoning, to pause in their conversations. While they browsed,
he philosophized. As they grazed, he practiced zen. Because they were Zack's cousins, the
zebras said nothing, but they wished he would muzzle himself at times.
2. The pronunciation of –ed endings (cách đọc âm cuối –ed)
Cách phát âm đuôi –ed như sau:
/id/: Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm /t/ hoặc /d/
Wanted / wɒntid /, Needed / ni:did /
/t/:Khi động từ tận cùng bằng phụ âm vô thanh /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /∫/, /ʧ/
Stoped / stɒpt /, Laughed / lɑ:ft /, Cooked / kʊkt /, Sentenced / entənst /, Washed / wɒ∫t
/,Watched / wɒt∫t /
/d/:Khi động từ tận cùng là các nguyên âm và các phụ âm còn lại
Played / pleid /, Opened / əʊpənd /
Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ: Một số từ kết thúc bằng –ed được dùng làm tính từ, đuôi –
ed được phát âm là /id/:
Aged:/ eidʒid / (Cao tuổi. lớn tuổi)
Blessed:/ blesid / (Thần thánh, thiêng liêng)
Crooked:/ krʊkid / (Cong, oằn, vặn vẹo)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
A. arrived
A. opened
A. rubbed
A. dimmed
A. tipped
A. tried
A. packed
A. watched
B. believed
B. knocked
B. tugged
B. travelled
B. begged
B. obeyed
B. added
B. phoned
C. received
C. played
C. stopped
C. passed
C. quarrelled
C. cleaned
C. worked
C. referred
D. hoped
D. occurred
D. filled
D. stirred
D. carried
D. asked
D. pronounced
D. followed
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
A. agreed
A. laughed
A. walked
A. killed
A. visited
A. sacrificed
A. needed
A. loved
A. packed
A. filled
A. caused
A. washed
A. killed
A. imagined
A. called
A. landed
A. cleaned
A. talked
A. wished
A. considered
A. produced
A. caused
A. discovered
A. repaired
A. improved
A. delivered
A. painted
A. tested
A. used
A. allowed
A. switched
B. succeeded
B. washed
B. ended
B. hurried
B. showed
B. finished
B. booked
B. teased
B. punched
B. naked
B. increased
B. parted
B. cured
B. released
B. passed
B. needed
B. attended
B. fished
B. wrapped
B. rescued
B. arranged
B. examined
B. destroyed
B. invented
B. parked
B. organized
B. provided
B. marked
B. finished
B. dressed
B. stayed
C. smiled
C. helped
C. started
C. regretted
C. wondered
C. fixed
C. stopped
C. washed
C. pleased
C. suited
C. practised
C. passed
C. crashed
C. rained
C. talked
C. opened
C. visited
C. arrived
C. laughed
C. pulled
C. checked
C. operated
C. developed
C. wounded
C. broadened
C. replaced
C. protected
C. presented
C. married
C. flashed
C. believed
D. loved
D. weighed
D. wanted
D. planned
D. studied
D. seized
D. washed
D. rained
D. pushed
D. wicked
D. promised
D. barked
D. waived
D. followed
D. washed
D. wanted
D. started
D. stepped
D. turned
D. roughed
D. fixed
D. advised
D. opened
D. succeeded
D. encouraged
D. obeyed
D. equipped
D. founded
D. rained
D. mixed
D. cleared
Yesterday was so busy! At the office, I worked hard with my team. We developed a new advertising plan.
Our meeting lasted about two hours. I remembered an advertising plan that worked five years ago, and I
suggested we try that again. We needed to get the manager's approval. We called him on the office phone.
He admitted that the idea seemed good, but he believed we should lower the budget. We reported our
numbers to him and talked about the budget for a long time. Finally, he decided to give us the money we
wanted.
