CHUYÊN ĐỀ: TỪ LOẠI

WORD FORMS
I- VỊ TRÍ CỦA DANH TỪ (NOUNS):
1. Chủ ngữ của câu
Ex:

Computers plays the important parts in our lives.
Maths is the subject I like best.

2. Sau các tính từ hoặc tính từ sở hữu (his, her, my……..). Chú ý các câu có nhiều tính từ
Ex:

She is a good teacher.
Can I ask you some personal questions?

3. Sau enough
Ex:

He didn’t have enough money to buy that car.

4. Sau các mạo từ a, an, the hoặc các từ this, that, these, those, each, every, both, no…….. (Lưu ý
cấu trúc a / an / the + (adj) + Noun)
Ex:

The scientists have become important people in our society.
Some difficult problems have been solved by this man.

5. Sau giới từ
Ex:

He has a good knowledge of science.

6. Sau các từ chỉ về số lượng (Quantifiers: few, a few, little, a little, some, any, many, most…..)
Ex:

Most boys like playing football.
She doesn’t have much confidence in the examination.

II- VỊ TRÍ CỦA TÍNH TỪ (ADJECTIVES):
1. Trước danh từ

Adi + N

Ex: Modern society needs more engineers.
2. Sau hệ từ

Be / seem / appear / feel / taste / look / keep + adj

Ex: She is beautiful.
Tom seems tired now.
He felt upset because he failed the test.
3. Trong cấu trúc too.....to, so……..that và trước enough
Ex: She is too young to drive a car.
He is too short to play basketball.
Ben is rich enough to buy such an expensive house.
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: TỪ LOẠI

Ex: The weather is so bad that we can’t go for a picnic.
The film was so exciting that they saw it many times.
4. Tính từ còn được dùng dưới các dạng so sánh
Ex: Meat is more expensive than fish.
This is the most intelligent boy I have ever met.
* Lưu ý: Trong các cấu trúc trên, chú ý động từ ở phía trước, nếu động từ ở phía trước là động từ
To Be hoặc là hệ từ thì ta dùng tính từ ở phía sau, còn ở phía trước là động từ thường thì ta dùng trạng từ.
5. Tính từ trong câu cảm thán

How + adj + S + V!
What + (a / an) + adj + N!
Ex: How beautiful the girl is!
What a wonderful car!
III- VỊ TRÍ CỦA TRẠNG TỪ (ADVERBS):
1. Sau trợ động từ và trước động từ thường:

V (trợ động từ) + adv + V (thường)

Ex: The South of Vietnam was completely liberated on April 30th, 1975.
I have recently finished my homework.
2. Trước tính từ

Be / seem / appear / feel / taste / look / keep + adv + adj
Ex: She looked seriously tired, so she should go to sleep.
3. Trong cấu trúc too……to…, so…….that…. và enough
Ex: He studied too lazily to pass the exams.
Jack drives so carelessly that he usually causes accidents.
* Lưu ý: Trong các cấu trúc ở trên, chú ý động từ ở phía trước, nếu động từ ở phía trước là động từ to be

hoặc là hệ từ thì ta dùng tính từ ở phía sau, còn ở phía trước là động từ thường thì ta dùng trạng từ.
4. Cuối câu

S + V (thường) + (O) +adv
Ex: She did some odd jobs at home disappointedly.
The surgeon performed the operation successfully.
5. Trạng từ thường đứng một mình ở đầu câu hoặc giữa câu và cách các thành phần khác của câu
bằng dấu phẩy
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CHUYÊN ĐỀ: TỪ LOẠI

Ex: Suddenly, she came into the room, which made him surprised.
IV- VỊ TRÍ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (VERBS):
Động từ thường đứng sau chủ từ (Lưu ý câu có nhiều mệnh đề)
Ex: Tom’s behaviour improved at his new school.
S

V

They believe her because she always tells the truth.
CÁCH NHẬN BIẾT TỪ LOẠI DỰA VÀO CẤU TẠO TỪ KHI LÀM BÀI TẬP ĐIỀN TỪ
I. Danh từ (nouns): danh từ thường kết thúc bằng: -tion/-ation, -ment, -er, -or, -ant, -ing, -age, -ship,
-ism, -ity, -ness
Ex: distribution, information, development, teacher, actor, accountant, teaching, studying, teenage, friendship,
relationship, shoolarship, socialism, ability, sadness, happiness
II. Tính từ (adjective): Tính từ thường kết thúc bằng: -ful, -less, -ly, -al, -ble, -ive, -ous, -ish, -y, -like, -ic,

-ed, -ing
Ex: helpful, beautiful, useful, homeless, childless, friendly, yearly, daily, national, international, acceptable,
impossible, active, passive, attractive, famous, serious, dangerous, childish, selfish, foolish, rainy, cloudy,
snowy, sandy, foggy, healthy, sympathy, childlike, specific, scientific, interested, bored, tired, interesting,
boring
III. Trạng từ (adverbs): Trạng từ thường được thành lập bằng cách thêm đuôi “ly” vào tính từ
Ex: beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ
Adj

Adv

good

well

late

late/lately

fast

fast

- Fast (nhanh), early (sớm), late (trễ), hard (chăm chỉ) vừa là tính từ vừa là trạng từ.
Ex: Jack is a very fast runner.

Jack can run very fast.

- Phân biệt: late (trễ) lately (gần đây) (= recently) hard (chăm chỉ) hardly (hầu như không)

- Một số tính từ tận cùng –LY: friendly (thân thiện), lovely (dễ thương), lively (sống động), ...
- Trạng từ tần suất đứng trước động từ thường, sau BE, trợ động từ và modals

EXERCISES
* EXERCISE 1:
1. The (announce) ………………..of their divorce surprised everyone

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2.
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10.
11.
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Have you made up your mind? We need to know your (decide) …………………as soon as possible.
Have you seen the new (advertise )………………………..for Double Rich shampoo?
Does it have enough (park)………………… spaces in our district?

Everyone likes him because he has a good sense of (humorous)………………………
I don't like those trousers, no matter how (fashion) …………………..they are.
It is (wonder) ………………..to watch sunset every evening.
George Clooney looks so (attract) ……………………in the new dress!
I'll always remember that journey- it was an (forget)………………… experience.

How (beauty)……………….. those windows are!
Come on! Think (logical) ………………….and don't make a fuss about it!
She has been (active) ……………….involved in many human rights campaigns
He's too shy to look people (direct) ……………………..when he talks.

14. (Tradition)……………………….., Ao Dai is worn by women.

15. Travelling a lot will (broad)………………….. our minds.

* EXERCISE 2:
1.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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14.

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She is so busy with …………. activities that she has no time for entertainment. (society)
Winning the race was an ……………………(achieve).
Every…………….. in science helps you gain new knowledge. (succeed)
……………….. is increasing by using better methods and tools. ( produce)
He’s very …………………. in scientific subjects. (interest)
There have been many wonderful ……………………... in this century. ( develop)
… ………………., he survived the crash without injury. ( miraculous )
We are faced with a difficult ……………………(choose)
Do you need a …………………. memory to become a scientist? ( miracle)
Our school team won three …………………. Games. ( succession)

Your evidence was ………………………one ( decide)
It will take a long time to find out a thorough. …………….…. to this problem. ( solve )
Paper money is used (increase) ………………………. in the modern world.
(Educate)…………..………………. is very important for everyone.
This skirt will lose its color when ………….………………………. (wash )
This village was …………..…………………. (electric ) three years ago.
This clock is her most…………….…………………. (value) thing.
I’ll give you three sweets in ……………………………………(change) for an apple.
In recent years, there has been many…………..…………………. (develop) in science.
Can you………………..…………………. (imagination) life without electricity?
She is quite ………….…………………………. (recognize) in her shirt.
When………………..………… (consider) of equal value, the goods can be exchange.
The plane arrived………………………. after a violent storm. ( safe )
Try to keep your money………………………………. from the burglars. ( safety )
The secret to ( success )…………………………. in life is hard working
He failed the exam last year. He didn’t ………………………….( success )
With so many choices, it is hard to ………………….…………(decision) what to buy.
This problem caused a lot of ……… …………….…….(difficult)
A lot of modern ( technical ) …… …………………are used in various fields
Good …… ………..……………...is essential in a large organization ( communicate)
……… ………………..is increasing by using better methods and tools ( produce)
Some young people today have a very strange …………. ………………..(appear)
They ……………………………. at least once every two week.(correspondence)

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34.
35.
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The Internet is a wonderful………………………………… of modern life.(invent)
I don’t know which website is ………………………………. for me .(use)
She lives in a small village and its ……………… are very beautiful.(surround)
You don’t have to do that work. In other words, it’s … ……….. for you.(necessity)
The…………. ………… in Vietnam has brought a lot of big changes.(industry)
You must read the following …………………. precautions carefully.(safe)
Minh looks ....................again. What’s the matter with him? ( worry )

* EXERCISE 3:
1. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.
a. biology
b. biological
c. biologist
d. biologically
2. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible
b. responsibility
c. responsibly
d. irresponsible
3. Many Vietnamese people ______ their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation
a. sacrifice
b. sacrificed

c. sacrificial
d. sacrificially
4. They had a ______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.
a. romance
b. romantic
c. romantically
d. romanticize
5. She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.
a. polite
b. politely
c. politeness
d. impoliteness
6. As an _______, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency.
a. educate
b. education
c. educator
d. educative
7. He was the only _______ that was offered the job.
a. apply
b. application
c. applicant
d. applying
8. Many people have objected to the use of animals in _____ experiments.
a. science
b. scientist
c. scientific
d. scientifically
9. _______ is increasing, which results from economic crisis.
a. Employment
b. Unemployment

c. Employ
d. Unemployed
10. _______! I have heard of your success in the new project.
a. Congratulate
b. Congratulating
c. Congratulation d. Congratulations
11. A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
a. dangerous
b. endanger
c. endangered
d. endangerment
12. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.
a. extinct
b. extinction
c. extinctive
d. extinctly
13. They are going to _______ the pool to 1.8 meter.
a. deep
b. depth
c. deepen
d. deeply
14. The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _______.
a. penalty
b. penalize
c. penal
d. penalization
15. The referee's _______ is the most important in any sport competition.
a. decide
b. decisive
c. decision

d. decider
16. Johnny used to be one of the most _______ athletes in my country.
a. succeed
b. success
c. successful
d. successfully
17. The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many _______ volunteers.
a. support
b. supporter
c. supportive
d. supportively
18. He was so _______ that he could not even say a word.
a. nerve
b. nerves
c. nervous
d. nervously
19. I am really _______ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves.
a. interest
b. interested
c. interesting
d. interestingly
20. Thanks to labor-saving devices, women have more time to take part in _______ activities.
a. society
b. social
c. socially
d. socialize

21. A scientist who studies living things is a……….
A. biologist
B. biology

C. biologically
D. biological
22. Can you fill out this……………..form?
A. application
B. applicable
C. applicant
D. applying
23. Despite its successful…………..reforms, this country is still a developing one.
A. economic
B. economics
C. economizing
D. economical
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24. This machine is ……………easy to install and cheap to operate.
A. comparatively
B. compare
C. comparative
D. comparison
25. Nowadays more and more women go to work, and they become more …………….than they used to.
A. independent
B. dependence
C. dependent
D. independently
26. Preparing for a job can be ………………..

A. stress
B. stressful
C. stressed
D. stressing
27. Mary is unhappy that she hasn’t……………for the next round in the tennis tournament.
A. qualified
B. quality
C. qualifying
D. qualification
28. In the modern world, women’s…………….roles has been changing.
A. natured
B. natural
C. nature
D. naturally
29. The new director of the company seems to be an intelligent and…………man.
A. well-educate
B. well-educated
C. well-education D. well-educational
30. You shouldn’t have criticized him in front of the class. It was extremely……………. of you.
A. insensible
B. insensitive
C. sensible
D. sensitive
31. Thanks to my friends’………………remarks, my essays have been improved.
A. construction
B. constructive
C. construct
D. constructor
32. What…………….views do Americans and Asians have about love and marriage?
A. tradition

B. traditionally
C. traditionalisim
D. traditional
33. Does Mr. Ba bring his farm ……………to the local market every day?
A. productivity
B. product
C. production
D. produce
34. New machinery has enhanced the company’s productivity and ………..
A. competition
B. competitor
C. competitive
D. competitiveness
35. The language centre offers courses of various levels, such as elementary, intermediate and………..
A. advanced
B. advancement
C. advanced
D. advancing
36. Nowadays, with the help of the computer, teachers have developed a …………. approach to teaching.
A. multilingual
B. multilateral
C. multiple – choice
D. multimedia

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