Ngữ pháp Anh văn lớp 9 :: Trường THCS Trần Văn Ơn :: | Tin tức | Dạy và Học | Anh | Hướng dẫn ôn tập môn Anh văn học kỳ 2 20112012 NP Can ban AV 9
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TRƯỜNG THCS TRẦN VĂN ƠN –QUẬN 1
TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ
Ngữ pháp căn bản tiếng Anh lớp 9
* Structures (Cấu trúc câu)
I. Used to (Đã từng)
1. Affirmative
S+ used to + bare infinitive
EX: My father used to be a high school teacher.
2. Negative
S + didn’t + use to + bare infinitive
EX: We didn’t use to go to school by bus, but now we do.
3. Questions
(Wh-word) + Did + S + use to + bare infinitive?
EX: Where did you use to live when you were a child?
II. Be / Get + used to + Noun / V-ing (Quen với)
= Be / Get + accustomed + Noun / V-ing
EX: Mr.Brown has lived in Vietnam for 5 years. He is used to the hot weather
here.
Mr.Lam is a farmer. He gets used to getting up early.
III. S + be + used + to + infinitive
hoặc S + be+ used + for + V-ing
(được dùng để)
EX: This knife is used for cutting meat. It is used to cut meat.
IV. It’s time + S + past subjunctive
EX: It’s time you studied your lessons.
It’s midnight. It’s time we went home.
V. I’d rather + S + past subjunctive
EX: I’d rather you cooked dinner.
I’d rather he didn’t go.
VI. Sentence structures with Wish and If only (giá mà, ước gì)
1. For present actions (hành động ở hiện tại)
S1 + wish + S2 + unreal past
_ V + ed
If only + S + unreal past
_ V2
_ Be were
_ Can could
( Sau wish dùng ở quá khứ)
EX: I can’t speak Chinese.
I wish
I could speak Chinese.
If only
Lan doesn’t understand the Grammar lesson.
She wishes she
understood the Grammar lesson.
If only she
2. For future actions (hành động ở tương lai)
S1 + wish + S2
would / could
+
+ infinitive
If only + S
were going to
EX: We are going to do a test tomorrow.
We wish we
If only we
weren’t going to do a test tomorrow.
Tom won’t come with us on the trip to the countryside.
We wish he
would come with us on the trip to the countryside.
If only he
VII. Adjectives + that + clause
Ashamed
Sorry
that + clause
Afraid
Disappointed
EX: I’m afraid that I can’t join the trip to the zoo with you tomorrow.
Tom is sure that he will win.
S + be + important
+ that + S + should + infinitive
essential
V (base form)(present subjunctive)
necessary
anxious
EX: It’s necessary that she (should) do her duty.
VIII. Conditional sentences (câu điều kiện)
1. Type 1 (tương lai có thể xảy ra)
Main clause
Will
Can
+ infinitive
May
EX: Tom will pass the final exam if he studies harder.
2. Type 2 (hiện tại không có thật)
Main clause
Would
+ infinitive
Could
Might
EX: If my mother were here now, she would help me.
IX. Making suggestions
1. Suggest + V-ing
EX: I suggested walking to the station.
2. S1 + suggest + that + S2 + should + infinitive
If clause
Present tense
* Simple present
* present perfect
* present continuous
If clause
Past subjunctive
EX: I suggested that we should walk to the station.
3. Why don’t we + infinitive
EX: Why don’t we walk to the station?
4. Shall we + infinitive…?
Let’s + infinitive…
EX: Shall we walk to the station?
Let’s walk to the station.
5. What about + V-ing…?
How about + V-ing…?
EX: What about walking to the station?
How about walking to the station?
X. VERBS + TO-INFINITIVE/GERUND
1. Verb + to infinitive
agree
decide
appear
forget
refuse
promise
learn
pretend
threaten
choose
happen
afford
manage
offer
want
ask
help
attempt
plan
fail
hope
Some expressions followed by a to-infinitive:
- be willing
- be eager
- be able
- be reluctant
anxious…
- would like / love / hate / prefer
- It + be + adj. +to-infinitive
E.g.: - We decided to take a taxi home.
- The children promise not to make so much noise.
2. Verb + gerund (V-ing)
seem
wait
wish
expect
- be
enjoy
finish
mind
miss
admit
suggest
imagine
avoid
practice
deny
consider
involve
risk
postpone
fancy
Some expressions followed by a gerund (V-ing):
-be worth
- be busy
- can’t help
-It’s no use
bear
- There’s no point (in)
- can’t stand /
-have trouble / difficulty (in)
e.g.: - I enjoy playing football.
A gerund is also used after phrasal verbs or prepositions.
E.g.: - My brother gave up smoking a few years ago.
3. Verb + to-infinitive / gerund (không có sự thay đổi về nghĩa)
The verbs begin, start, and continue can be followed by either form and there is no
change in meaning.
E.g.: - It began raining / to rain as I was about to leave.
The verbs like, love, dislike, hate can also be followed by either form of verb and
there can be a small difference in meaning. (hơi khác về nghĩa)
“Like to do” có nghĩa là làm 1 điều gì đó là tốt nhưng không nhất thiết phải thích.
“Like doing” mang ý nghĩa “thích làm điều gì đó”.
E.g.: - I like to take a nap after lunch.
- I like listening to classical music.
“Hate doing” được dung thông dụng hơn, ngoại trừ cấu trúc “I hate to tell you this,
but…”.
E.g.: - I hate being kept waiting.
- I hate to tell you this, but we’ve missed the last bus!
4. Verb + to-infinitive / gerund (đổi ý nghĩa)
4.1 Stop
Stop doing sth: ngừng làm 1 việc gì
E.g.: - As the teacher entered the room, the students stopped talking and stood up.
Stop to do sth: ngừng 1 việc này để bắt tay vào làm việc khác
E.g.: - It’s already 11:30. Let’s stop to have lunch.
4.2 Try
Try to do sth: cố gắng
E.g.: - You must try to overcome your shyness and speak up.
Try doing sth: thử làm
E.g.: - Why don’t you try calling her again, using the new code?
4.3 Remember: nhớ
Remember to do sth: nhớ làm điều gì
E.g.: - Remember to give him my message.
Remember doing sth: nhớ lại sự việc đã qua
E.g.: - I remember telling you I’m busy today.
4.4 Forget: quên
Forget to do sth: quên làm điều gì
E.g.: - He didn’t forget to lock the door last night as usual.
Forget doing sth: chỉ dùng trong nghĩa phủ định, thường đứng sau ‘will never
forget’ (1 hồi ức ở quá khứ)
E.g.: - I’ll never forget queuing for hours to buy some meat.
4.5 Regret: hối tiếc
Regret to tell: lấy làm tiếc khi thông báo
E.g.: - I regret to tell you that the trip has been cancelled.
Regret doing sth: hối tiếc sự việc đã qua
E.g.: - Jane regrets leaving school so early.
5. Verb + Gerund / Obj. + To inf.
allow
permit
encourage
6. Verb + bare – infinitive
Make sb do sth
Have sb do sth
Let sb do sth
recommend
advise
