G

T

ù

I

A

y

O

T

U

R

I

N

N

H

G

tiêng Anh thương mai

B U S I N E S S

E N G L I S H

V O C A B U L A R Y

DÙNG TRONG CÁC TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC CHUYÊN

NGHIỆP

NGUYÊN
ỌC LIỆU

ì

NHÀ XUẤT BẢN HÀ NỘI


Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




s ở

GIÁO D Ụ C V À Đ À O T Ạ O H À N Ộ I

NGUYỄN THỊ QUẾ NHUNG

G


I

A

O

T

R

I

N

H

TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH THƯƠNG MẠI
BUSINESS ENGLISH VOCABULARY
(Dùng

trong

các trường

THCN)

IM HỌC THẢI NGU VẺN Ị
TRỮKG T Â M H Ọ C L I Ề U ị


N H À X U Ấ T B Ả N H À N Ộ I - 2006

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




L ờ i giới

thiêu

ước ta đang
hóa

đại
nghiệp
nhân

nhầm

văn minh,

Trong

bước vào thời kỳ công


hiện

Ban

Chấp

Đại

hội

Đảng

cách

mạng

Trung
toàn

trở thành

hiện

nước

to lớn đó, công

giữ vai trò quan


hành

Nam

hóa,

công

đại.

sự nghiệp

lực luôn

đưa Việt

nghiệp

ương

quốc

trọng.
Đảng

lần

tác đào

Báo cáo Chính

Cộng

sản

thứ IX đã chỉ

Việt

tạo

trị

của

Nam

tại

rõ: " P h á t t r i ể n

g i á o d ụ c v à đ à o t ạ o là m ộ t t r o n g n h ữ n g đ ộ n g lực q u a n t r ọ n g
t h ú c đ ấ y sự n g h i ệ p công

nghiệp

hóa,

hiện

đại hóa,


là đ i ề u

k i ệ n đ ể p h á t t r i ể n n g u ồ n lực c o n n g ư ờ i - y ế u t ố c ơ b ả n đ ế
p h á t t r i ể n x ã h ộ i , tăng trưởng k i n h t ế nhanh và b ề n vững".
Quán

triệt chủ trương,

và nhận

thức đúng

giáo

trình

nghị

của Sở Giáo

Uyban

5620/QĐ-UB
học chuyên
việc

lực Thủ

Hà


Sở Giáo

trình,

lượng

Hà Nội.

đào

ngày

sô

tạo thực hiện

đê

dinh

ủy, UBND
tạo và phát

định

các trường

Quyết


đề

231912003,

đã ra Quyết
trong

trình,

đào tạo, theo

dục và Đào

giáo trình

(THCN)

lượng

Nội

nước

của chương

tạo Hà Nội,

sâu sắc của Thành

cao chất


cơ sở chương

tạo ban hành
biên

phô

và Nhà

thành
triển

Trung

này thể

hiện

phố

trong

nguồn

nhân

đô.

Trên

Sở Giáo

thành

chương
nghiệp

tâm

nâng

dân

trọng

cao chất

và Đào

cho phép

soạn

sự quan

dục

của Đàng

quyết


đắn vê tầm quan

đối với việc nâng
nhản

án biên

Nghị

và những

trình

khung

kinh nghiệm

của Bộ Giáo

và

Đào

rút ra từ thực tế đào

tạo,

dục và Đào tạo đã chỉ đạo các trường


soạn

chương

trình,

giáo

trình

một

cách

dục

THON

tố

khoa

học,

chức
hệ

3

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN





thống

và cập nhật

những

tượng

học sinh THCN

Bộ giáo trình
các trường

Hà

tiễn phù

đồng

dạy

và học tập

trong

thời là tài liệu tham


khao

có đào tạo các ngành

đáo bạn đọc quan

kỹ thuật

-

nghiệp

tâm đến vấn đề hướng

nghiệp,

nghê.
Việc

tỏ chức

biên

soạn

trong

và đào


tạo Thủ đô để kỷ niệm

"50 năm
Thăng

hoạt

bộ chương

là một

nhiều

thành

Long

động

lập ngành

- Hà

trình,

thực

thiết

"50 năm


" và hướng

ủy, UBND,

Đây

nghiệp

biên

gắng

nhưng

Chúng

ngành

tới kỷ niệm
thành

phản

đồng

Thủ đô ",
"ỉ000

năm


cám ơn

chắc

tôi mong

đọc để từng bước

viên,

phố,

các nhà quản

kiện giúp đỡ, đóng

biện,

thu các chương

soạn

của Thành

các giảng

đã tạo điều

là lần đầu


chức

dục

Thành
các

gia đầu ngành,

nghiệm

giáo

Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo, các nhà khoa học,

chuyên

đồng

của ngành

dục

nghiệp

gia Hội

này


Vụ Giáo

chuyên

tham

trinh

Nội".

các sở, ban,

nhà doanh

giáo

giải phóng

Sở Giáo dục và Đào tạo Hà Nội chân

bản

hợp với đối

Nội.

ở Hà Nội,

hữu ích cho các trường
dạy


thực

này là tài liệu giảng

THCN

vụ và đông

thức

kiến

Hội

trình,

tiên Sở Giáo

thẩm

đồng
giáo

dục

lý,

góp ý
đinh


và

các
kiến,
Hội

trình.

và Đào

tạo Hà Nội

tổ

Dù đã hết sức

cố

chương

trình,

giáo

trình.

chắn

không


tránh

khỏi

thiểu

sót, bất

cập.

ý kiến

đóng

góp của

bạn

nhận

được

hoàn

thiện

những

bộ giáo


trình

trong

các lần

tái

sau.

G I Á M Đ Ố C SỞ G I Á O ĐÚC VÀ Đ À O TAO

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




Introduction

Who

is this book

for?

Practical
Business
Vocabuỉary
is designed

to enable immediate
ỉearners
of
business
Englislì
to expand
theỉr business
stock of vocabulary.
ít also
gives
invaìíiable
assistance
to peopìe studying English before they start work and for
tììose aìready working who neecl English in their job.
How

is the book

organìzed?

The book has lo units,
introduces
the vocabuìary
qualifìcatioiìs,

cách of which
of business

organizations,


is based ôn a different
areas
sách
as jobs,

marketing,

topic
skiìls

etc,..

Eactì mút contains
twc parts: theory and practice.
The t\vo- or
theory
introduces
new words
and expressions,
and the practice
learners

to check

and practise

thèm

and
and


through

varied

mui use/ul

three-page
enables

exercises.

The Test Yourseự
át the end of each mút is intended for xvrừing
andlor
discussion
about ỵoitrsel/,
your ỷamììy and your company.
Tlìis gives
learners
the opportUìùty
to put iììto practice
the words and expressions
in the mút.
There

is a glossary

the bách of the
The


witli explanations

in Vietnamese

and an Answer

Key

át

book.

Theory

Tlìis part ìntroduces
the new vocabulary
and expressions
for cách topic or
language area. The presentation
is divided into a number of sections marked
hy
letters: A B, c, or D witli cìear titles. Within cách section,
nen' words
ơnd
expressions
are printed in italics and explained
using some techniques
sách as:
- Ả sliort definition.

ít foỉlows
directly
of the phrase
or sentence.
lí is usualỉy
émployed

(to work for

- Sentence
order

to ilìustrate

examples.
thài'

aỷter the worcl, Oi- comes át the
put ìn brackets:
e.g., to be

end
self-

yourseỉý).
These
meaning

exampỉes
and special


indicate

the

grammatical

words

in context

in

structures.

I ' v e been o f f e r e d a j o b i n L o n d o n .
She c o m p l a i n e d to the waiter about the f o o d .
(she vvas n ó t satisfied about Ít)

5
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




ỉn a few units,
sìiould spend some

hawever,
there are words without

explanations.
time guessing
their meanings
/rom contexts,
then

the gỉossary

their Vietnamese

tofỉnd

equivalents.

Apart /rom the expỉanations
of new vocabuìary
and expressions,
ỉooks át word combinations,
word building,
phrasal
verbs, and the
associated
with particular
vocabulary,
for exampte
inỷinitive or Ang ị pages 41-42)
and so ôn.
The

Learners

ỉook ai

the verbs

this part
grammar

foỉìowed

by to

Practice

The practice
gives
the learners
the opportunity
to practise
the
neto
vocabulary
and expressions
presented
in the Theory.
Usuaìly, the fìrst exercise
ỷocuses ôn using the \vords and expressions
ỉn context.
Other exercises
dim to
practise the grammaticaỉỷorms

of items/rom
the
Theory.
Work

Book

The Work Book compỉements
this Practicaỉ
Business
Vocabuỉary
book with
additional
practice
exercises,
primarily
for individual
study between
units.
Most exercises
test only the vocabuỉary
and phrases
presented
and
practiced
in the book. Soine reading
exercises
give ỉearners
the chance
to e.xtend

their
knowledge
of vocabulary
beyond what have already been learned in the book.
The Workbook
incỉudes
a compỉete
Answer Key, wlìich helps learners
to check
their work

themselves.

To The

Learner

XVhy is vocabulary

important?

Vocabulary
is important
you want to say. Grammar
is in the words themselves.
ơble to communỉcate
with
How

do we learn


The best way
Engìish regnlơrly.
the bỉanks.'
goìng

communicatìon

the

vocabulary

to increase
You should
yoùrseựtime

ôn to learn

understand
words

Ghe

because Ít is \vords thát carry the content of whaí
combines
words together,
bui most of the
meaning
The mon' words you know, the tnore you will be
others.


more.
nen'

ít is nót sufficient
wợrds

a part

We ììope you enịoy

yoưr stock of vocabulary
is by reading
a lót of
avoid simply going through the book Tilỉing
in
to practice

(conversation,

truly become

effectively?

encoimtered.
essays

ofyour

using


simply
You

or letters)

active

Practical

and use what

you have

to complete
must
before

learnt

before

the exercises

actually

me

you may feel


thèm

Vocabulary!

6
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN

in

thát the se

vocabulary.
Business

and




U n i t l
W O R K

A N D JOBS

Objectives
- Focuses ôn key, work-related

Contents
vocabulary.


- VVhat do you do?

- Presents some basic expressions to do with
jobs and work
- Presents phrasal verb: look

- Word Combination with work
- Phrasal Verbs with look
- Expressions connected with work

A. W H A T D O Y O U DO?
T o f i n d out vvhat someone's j o b is, y o u say what

do you doT

l

you do for a ỉivingT
" ì workfor

or What

do

l

H e r e , K e r s t i n talks about her j o b :

a large European car maker. ì work


the design department and ì manage

ôn car design. I n f a c t , ì run

a team o f designers: 2 0 people work

under

me. ít is very interesting. One o f m y m a i n responsibỉlities

is to m a k e sure thát

new m o d e l designs are í i n i s h e d ô n t i m e . ĩ m also in charg e

ơ / d e s i g n budgets.

ì cleal xvith a lót o f d i f f e r e n t people i n the c o m p a n y . ĩ m responsible
o r d i n a t i o n betvveen design and p r o d u c t i o n : ì work

with

managers

for coát our

m a n u f a c t u r i n g plants'.

to be in charg e

ofl to be responsible


for

responsibility

+ noun

I

+ infìnitive

verb-in
g
ỉ -ing

One of my responsibilities is to make surelmakìng sure thát the work is
welỉ-prepared.
The secretary

is in charge

ofthe

whoỉe

company

while

her boss is


awaỵ.

7
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




B. VVORD C O M B I N A T I O N V V I T H " W O R K "

/ / 's difficult

to get/findỉloỡkfor

ỉ 've been offered

a job in

work tìiese

A N D

"JOB"

days.

London.

He lost lùs job aỷter thi éc years'


yvorking for the

company.

c. EXPRESSIONS C O N N E C T E D W I T H "VVORK
VVorking hours
to work

in shiýìs (lùg iũs

Reasons f o r n ó t w o r k i n g
(me

week,

days ne xí)
to

ôn

flexi-time

(fỉexibìe

lìours)

to

work


working

be

ôn

the

sách

strike

ịindustriaì

disputes)

be

nvrking

lo g ói

your
niiie-í()-five

(reguìar

ììoitrs)


to be self-employed

(to work

for

to

be

to

macỉe

redundant

be

onltake
ít

matemity

baby)

to take earỉy

retiremeiỉt

8

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN

out

of

(no

needed)

(expecting
overtime

(thrown

job)

ỉoiiger

yourselý')
to \vork

to get



leave


Types of jobs


Types o f w o r k

Ạ íuìì-time iob is for the wìwle of

/ lĩơve a lót oi pạpenvork to do

the normal

hy

working

Ạ part-time
than

thát.

worksfull

iob is for

(Ýôn

say

ti me or

Ạ permanent
after afixed


less

thát

time

nót

ịlettersl
to

My ịather

finish

after

ú

to

work

cúi

did mannaỉ

(hơrd


and

physicaỉ)
ỉ

thinh

wark,

like

teacher.

period.

reports

compỉete)

his life and was very fit.

period.
ịob finishes

tomorrow.

vưrite, forms

someone


part-time).
ịob does

Ạ temporarv
fixed

week.

Vả

like

being

ịwìùch

the
ú

lielps

vocational

mtrse

or

a

people)


D. P H R A S A L V E R B : " L O O K "
There are a large n u m b e r o f phrasal verbs i n E n g l i s h . T h e y are basic verbs
w h i c h can c o m b i n e vvith d i f f e r e n t prepositions or particles (adverbs) to make
verbs vvith c o m p l e t e l y n e w - and o f t e n unguessable - meanings.
T h e best w a y to r e m e m b e r t h è m is to use contexts ( w o r d s t h á t come b e í b r e
and after t h è m ) .

'

í f b r w a r d t o ì lookforward
out

Look Oỉiú T h á t car is ô n the vvrong si đe o f the road.

round

T h e delegati on f r o m Pari s want to see the o f f i c e s
and look roitnd

L O O K < i nto
Ị

to m e e t i n g y o u next vveek.

through

ị

the f a c t o r y .


Leave thi s problem w it h me. r u look into the matter.
ì need a f e w moments to look through

m y notes before

the m e e t i n g .
úp
% ú p to

I f y o u don't k n o w his address, r u ìook Ít úp i n the book.
A U the students ìooked

úp to their teacher.

9

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




PRACTICE
1. M a t c h t h e v e r b s ô n t h e l e f t (1-8) w i t h t h e w o r d s ô n t h e r i g h t (a-h).
Use each w o r d o r p h r a s e o n l y once. T h e f i r s t one has been d o n e f o r y o u .
Ì. earn

a. overtime

2. w o r k


b. s e l f - e m p l o y e d

3. pay

c. a store

4. attend

d. a j o b

5. see

Ì

6. r u n

e. a salary

.

f. income tax

7. take ô n

g. customers

8. be

h. meetings


2. C ơ r r e c t t h e i t a l i c s i n the f o l l o w i n g sentences.
ì

work

for a

French

supermarket

company.

(1) ì

development o f nevv supermarkets. (2) I n fact, ì running
department and ( 3 ) ì am manaạe

vvork

about

the

the development

f o r a team l o o k i n g át the possibilities in

d i f f e r e n t countries. I t ' s very interesting. (4) One o f m y m a i n responsible


is to

make sure thát new supermarkets open ô n t i m e . ( 5 ) I ' m also chcưged

with

í ì n a n c i a l r e p o r t i n g . (6) ì deal át a lót o f d i f f e r e n t organizations i n m y vvork. (7)
I ' m responsible of p l a n n i n g projects f r o m start to f i n i s h . (8) ì vvork closely
near our ĩ o r e i g n partners, and so ì travel a lót.
3. C o m p l e t e each o f t h e f o l l o v v i n g sentences vvith t h e c o r r e c t vvord
g i v e n i n t h e b o x \ v i t h o u t c h a n g i n g its f o r m .
deal

work

manage

under

of

responsibility

1.1

f o r the M o r g a n s - the a i r c r a í t c o m p a n y .

2. ì


the m a n a g i n g plant i n C a m b r i d g e .

3. ì am i n charge
4. A b o u t 120 people w o r k

the p r o d u c t i o n team.
me.

5. C o o r d i n a t i o n betvveen p r o d u c t i o n and design is m y
6. ì

w i t h a lót o f people i n the c o m p a n y and vvith our customers.

10
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




4 . W r i t e a b o u t e a c h p e r s o n u s i n g w o r d s f r o m p a r t D , a n d t h e vvords i n
b r a c k e t s . T h e f i r s t one has been d o n e f o r y o u .
1. I ' m A l i c i a . ì w o r k i n a public l i b r a r y i n the afternoons f r o m t w o u n t i l
six. ( I / j o b )

- / have a part-time

job.

2. M y husband \vorks i n an o f f i c e f r o m 9 am to 5.30 p m . ( h e / j o b )
3. O u r daughter w o r k s i n a bank f r o m eight t i n f i v e every day. (she/ w o r k )

4 . 1 ' m D a v i d and ì w o r k i n a c a f é f r o m 8 p m u n t i l m i d n i g h t . ( I / w o r k )
5. M y w i f e w o r k s i n local government and she can have this j o b f o r as l o n g
as she wants Ít. ( s h e / j o b )
6. O u r son is \ v o r k i n g ô n a f a r m f o r f o u r weeks. ( h e / j o b )
7. M y sister is vvorking i n an o f f i c e f o r three weeks. ( s h e / w o r k )
5. R e p l a c e t h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d s w i t h a s u i t a b l e p h r a s a l v e r b L O O K .
1. Be c a r e f u l ! There is a car c o m i n g .
2. P m t h i n k i n g about m y next holiday w i t h pleasure.
3. B e f o r e y o u hand y o u r w o r k i n , check Ít c a r e f u l l y .
4. I f y o u d o n ' t k n o w the meaning o f this w o r d , f i n d Ít i n ạ d i c t i o n a r y .
5. C o u l d y o u read this letter q ụ i c k l y and see i f there is a n y t h i n g y o u w o u l d
l i k e to add to Ít?
6. Á t the m o m e n t the investigators are e x a m i n i n g the cause o f the crash.
7. Y o u should be c a r e f u l . The boss is c o m i n g and he is i n a bad m o o d .
6. T e s t y o u r s e ! f . W r i t e a b o u t y o u r f a t h e r ' s o r m o t h e r ' s j o b .

li

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




U n i t 2
R E C R U I T M E N T

PROCESSES

Objectives
Looks


át

issues

Contents
relating

to

- Recruitment

recruitment processes, applying for a job.

- Applying for a job

- F ocuses ôn how the new vvords are

- Selection process

built by using noun suffĩxes and compound

- Word building:

nouns

- Noun suffixes

- Deals with phrasal verb tùm


- Compound nouns
- Phrasal Verb : tùm

A. R E C R U I T M E N T
The process o f f i n d i n g people f o r particular j o b s is recruitment.

Someone

vvho has been recruited is a recruit. The company e m p l o y s or hires t h è m ; they
j o i n the c o m p a n y . A company may recruit employees
recruiters,

the

recruitment

specialists called headhuhíers

agencies

or

d i r e c t l y or use

empỉoymení

may be called ô n to headhunt

agencies.


outside
Outside

people f o r very

important j o b s , persuading t h è m to leave the organizations they already w o r k
f o r . This process is called

ìieadhunting.

B. APPLYING FOR A JOB
Fred is a van driver, bút he was f e d ú p w i t h l o n g trips. H e l o o k e d i n the
situations vacant pages o f his local nevvspaper, where a local supermarket was
advertising f o r van drivers f o r a new delivery

service. H e applied f o r the j o b by

c o m p l e t i n g an application f o r m and send Ít i n .
H a r r y is a b u i l d i n g engineer.

He saw a j o b i n the appointments

pages o f

one o f the national papers. He applied f o r Ít by c o m p l e t i n g an a p p l i c a t i o n í b r m .

12
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN





sending i n his cv

(curriculum

viíae_

the ' s t o r y ' o f his vvorking l i f e ) and a

letter e x p l a i n i n g w h y he wanted the j o b and w h y he was the r i g h t person f o r Ít.
W O R D B U I L D I N G : N o u n suffixes
1. M a n y

nouns

adjective o r a

means

employment,

formed by

adding

a

suffix to a


verb,

an

noun.

The m e a n i n g
Analysis

are

o f a nevv w o r d can be learned
l o o k i n g át the

b y a n a l y z i n g the w o r d .

d i f f e r e n t parts o f s o m e t h i n g .

f o r e x a m p l e , is m a đ e ú p o f the verb empỉoy

The

and the s u f f i x

vvord
-mèm.

Here are the c o m m o n n o u n s u f f i x e s :
-ion


select - selection

discuss - discussion

situate - situation

- m e n t recruit - r e c r u i t m e n t

employ- employment

appoint-appointment

- a t i o n apply- a p p l i c a t i o n

alter - alteration

educate - education

-y

deliver - delivery

recover - recovery

discover - discovery

-ing

build - building


headhunt - headhunting

spell - spelling

-ity

prosper - prosperity

similar - similarity

secure - security

-ness

weak - vveakness

happy - happiness

tender - tenderness

-ai

arrive - a r r i v a l

dismiss - dismissal

refuse - r e í u s a l

-ship


leader - leadership

ovvner - oxvnership

friend - ữienship

-age

short - shortage

m a r r y - marriage

use - usage

Notes:
* Sometimes there is a spelling change, f o r example, the o m i s s i o n o f the
final

e

beíbre

organization),

the
or

the

suffixes

addition

-lon,
of

-ation
c

before

(situate-situation;
the

suffix

-ation

organize(apply

-

applicatỉon).
* The letter y cẹ .
3. Companies hít b y c o m p u t e r c r i m e are n ó t t a l k i n g about Ít because they
fear the p u b l i c i t y w i l l h a r m the corporate p r o f i t s .
4. T h e c o m p a n y has b u i l t a grand corporate l o g ọ as a permanent s y m b o l o f
its povver.
5. O u r s t y l i s h n e w corporate culture shows our w i s h to be seen as a m o r e
international a i r l i n e .
2. C h o o s e t h e best w o r d i n each o f t h e b l a n k s f o r t h e sentences belovv.

Circle the letter f o r y o u r answer.
The e c o n o m y o f Eastern Europe has changed a lót. T w e n t y years ago, the
m a i n industries were
ovvned b y the ( 1 )

c o m p l e t e l y nationalized and m a n y companies

T h e y d i d n ó t w o r k w e l l . T h e y were i n e f f i c i e n t and (2)

Novv g o v e r n m e n t s are t r y i n g to (3)
find

(4)

t h è m , b ú t Ít is n ó t easy to

People d o n ' t want to put m o n e y i n t o the o l d companies.

Hovvever, some people are happy to (5)
and there are signs t h á t a n e w enterprise (6)
Ì

were

A nation

their m o n e y ô n new business
is g r o w i n g .

B state


c

country

2. A automatic

B diplomatic

c

bureaucratic

3. A privatize

B nationalize

c

enterprise

4. A corporations

B firms

c

investors

5. A save


B risk

c

sell

6. A c u l t u r e

B commerce

c

concern

3. W h a t does e a c h o f t h e í b l l o v v i n g a b b r e v i a t i o n s s t a n d f o r ?
l.CIF
2. F O B
3. I M F
4. S M E
5. R A M

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Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




6. N A F T A
7. W T O

8. A S E A N
9. A P E C
10. N A T O
ll.GDP
12. C E O
13. rep
14. U N O
15. asap
4. C o m p l e t e t h e sentences b e l o w w i t h t h e m o s t s u ỉ t a b l e w o r d t o make
a c o m p o u n d adịective.
1. She is e x t r e m e l y w e l l -

f o r the j o b . Sooner or later she'll get a

promotion.
2. Last summer we stayed i n a f i v e -

hotel.

3. There is a shop i n the corner thát sells things f o r l e f t 4. H e just g ó t a

people.

- t i m e j o b ; he w o r k s eight hours every day.

5. L i k e lots o f charities, we e m p l o y a person to organize our

-

raising activities.

6. ì w o r k f o r m y s e l f . ì have been self-

f o r ten years.

5. C o m p l e t e t h e sentences b e I o w w i t h t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f t h e w o r d
given.
1. F o r e i g n travel w i l l

y o u r w o r k i n g experience. ( b r o a d )

2. The a p p l i c a t i o n í b r m s have n o w been
3. The state-owned

company

(simple)

is i n v e s t i n ơ $ 10 m i l l i o n to

its

íactory. (modern)
4. T h e y

the t o w n vvith trees ô n b o t h sides o f the m a i n streets.

(beauty)
5. The government should

controls ô n the sale o f a l c o h o l . ( t i g h t )


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Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




6. R e p l a c e t h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d s w i t h a p h r a s a l v e r b w i t h C O M E o r
GO.
1. W h i l e the manager was g o i n g t h r o u g h his drawers he f o u n d these o l d
company d o c u m e n t s .
2. B e f o r e w e c o n t i n u e . l e t ' s e x a m i n e the solutions to this p r o b l e m .
3. W e were f a c e d w i t h several problems w h e n the c o m p a n y reduced the
number o f s t a f f .
4. Y o u s h o u l d n ' t wear those red socks; they d o n ' t m a t c h y o u r grey suit.
5. A b o m b has e x p l o d e d and several people i n the í a c t o r y have been hurt.
6. ì d o n ' t understand h o w these d i f f i c u l t i e s happened.
7. H u r r y ú p ! W e have

to be át the intervievv i n 10 m i n u t e s .

7. T e s t y o u r s e I f . W r i t e 12 sentences a b o u t y o u r s e l f , y o u r f a m i l y a n d
y o u r t o w n u s i n g a d i f f e r e n t c o m p o u n d a d j e c t i v e i n each o n e .

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Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN





U n i t 7
M A R K E T S A N D M A R K E T I N G

Objectives

Contents

- Concentrates ôn terms associated
with markets and

marketing

- Marketing

- Introduces the notion of marketing
and market

- Companies and markets

orientation

- Market Orientation
- Parts of Speech:

- Presents and practise the verbs
followed by to-infinitive and/or -ing form

- Verbs + to-infinitive
- Verbs + -ing form
- Verbs + base form

- Verbs + -ing form or iníinitive

A. C O M P A N I E S A N D M A R K E T S
Buyers and sellers o f particular goods or services i n a place, or those thát
m i g h t huy t h è m , f o r m a market. I f a company:
enters/ p e n e t r a t e s ^ ị

Ít starts selling there f o r the f i r s t t i m e .

abandons/leaves

Ít stops selling there.

dominates

V a market:

Ít is the most important company selling there.

monopolizes

Ít is the o n l y c o m p a n y s e l l i n g there.

drives another

Ít makes the other company leave the market.

company out of

perhaps because Ít can no l o n g e r compete.


B. M A R K E T I N G
Marketing

is the process o f p l a n n i n g , d e s i g n i n g , p r i c i n g , p r o m o t i n s and

40
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




d i s t r i b u t i n g ideas, goods and services, i n order to bùng

about

the satisfaction

of the c u s t o m e r ' s needs, so as to make a p r o f i t .
T h i s involves

choosin
g

marketin
g

customers and designing a persuasive

mix to get t h è m to h u y . T h e m i x includes the f o u r Ps:

Product

d e c i d i n g what to sell.

Price

d e c i d i n g w h a t prices to charge.

Place

d e c i d i n g hovv Ít w i l l be distributed and where people w i l l huy Ít.

P r o m o t i o n d e c i d i n g hovv the product vvill be supported w i t h advertising,
special activities, etc.

c. MARKET ORIENTATION
Marketers o f t e n talk about market orientation: the f a c t thát e v e r y t h i n g they
do is designed to meet the needs o f the market. T h e y m a y describe as marketdriven, m a r k e t - l e d or m a r k e t - o r i e n t e d .
• F o r m s o f the verbs
1. V e r b s + t o - i n í i n i t i v e
The f o l l o w i n g verbs are usually f o l l o w e d by to +
agree

arrange

manage

need

decide

offer

demand

plan

expect

promise

inýĩnitive:
fail

reíiise

hope

learn

traỉn

tend

\vant

Examples:
/ have arranged
We were

to meet


very busy,

2. V e r b s + -ing

the visiĩors

ơi the

bui we managed

ỷactory.

to finish

beỷore

ố p.m.

form

The f o l l o w i n g verbs are usually íollovved by the -ing f o r m :
avoid

admit

consider

feel l i k e


imagine

involve

can't stand
like

mind

dcny

cnjoy

postpone

put o f f

íìnish
risk

give ú p
suggest

Examples:
Some people

can't

síand


working

át ni g iũ.

41
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




/ don 'í mind

drìving

3. V e r b s + base

during

rush hour, bút ì avoid

taking

crowded

highways.

form

T w o c o m m o n verbs f o l l o w e d b y an object + base f o r m are: m a k e and let.
* W e use make

She yvanted

to talk about something we have to do ( b ú t don't want to do):

to go ìwme,

bút her boss made

her

stay.

* W e use ỉet w h e n we talk about being g i v e n p e r m i s s i o n f o r something:
My boss tét me have

the aỷtenioon

4 . V e r b s + -ing f o r m o r

o f f to go to my sisters

ỉníinitive

Some verbs can be f o l l o w e d either the -ing
meaning o f

wedding.

f o r m or inỷinitive


and the

the verb changes. Here are c o m m o n examples:

/ remember

sending

thèm

the cheque.

(ì sent

Ít and ì can remember

now

thát ỉ did).
Ị remembered

to send

thèm the cheque.

(Ị remembered,

and then ỉ sent Ít).

Phrasal verbs: B R I N G

about

= W h a t has b r o u g h t a b o u t the r a p i c l change i n
y o u r company

back

= Please b r i n g b a c k the l i b r a r y books b y the end
o f the weak

BRING < down
in

= W e a i m to b r i n g d o w n prices ô n c o m p u t e r
= They vvant to b r i n g i n a b i n to l i m i t goods exports

í o r v v a r d = Please b r i n g the matter f o r w a r d át the next
meeting

PRACTICE
1. C h o o s e t h e best w o r d i n each o f t h e b l a n k s f o r t h e sentences belovv.
C i r c l e t h e ỉetter

f o r y o u r answer.

1. W e are w e l l - knovvn i n A m e r i c a , b ú t n o w we w a n t to
European market.
A compete

B entrance


c penetrate

42
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN



the


2. Sales are m u c h h i g h e r this year because w e have

spent a lót ô n

A selling B distributing c marketing
3. First w e d i d a survey t o f i n d out about customer
A wants

B needs

4. T h e n w e designed a l l our
people w a n t .
A goods

c uses
to i n c l u d e the special features t h á t

Bbeneíits


Cproducts

5. W e b o u g h t out o u r o n l y c o m p e t i t o r so we c o u l d

the market i n

coffee.
A compete
6. O u r

B front

c edge

i n c l u d e d a c o m p e t i t i o n i n a l l the m a j o r gardening

magazines w h e r e the p r i z e was a s é t o f our í u r n i t u r e .
A presenting

B promotion

c persuasion

7. M o s t i m p o r t a n t l y , we've made sure a l l our

are very

competitive because o u r customers vvant value f o r m o n e y .
A prices
8. W e were n ó t

A left

B costs

c charges

out o f business b y the large supermarket chains.
B driven

c

abandoned

2. M a t c h t h e s e n t e n c e b e g i n n i n g s (1-5) w i t h t h e c o r r e c t e n d ỉ n g s (a-e).
T h e sentences a l l c o n t a ỉ n e x p r e s s i o n s f r o m p a r t c .
ì. Farms are now more market-oriented

a. such as Microsoĩt and Sony, are in

2. Since the Ỉ980s, B r ỉ t a i n has had much

several markets á t once

more market-Ied

b. and the audience decides the
direction Ít takes.

3. M a n y market-led g r o w t h businesses,


c. led to falling sales p r o í ì t s

4. Lack of investment and

d. and less dependent ôn

market-orientation

government money

5. American T V is a market-driven industry, e. approach to economics

43
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




3. C o m p l e t e t h e f o l l o w i n g l e t t e r . P u t t h e v e r b s

in brackets

into

e i t h e r t h e -ing f o r m o r to + i n í i n i t i v e .
De uy Mr Williams,
Thanh

you for your


considering

cases,

find

very

Ịf you decide

(4) ịgive)
(5) (market)

vv/7/ involve

(6) (cliange)

enquiries.

Pieĩ

with

an initiaỉ

list,

which

Ị believe


ahead

liere.

ỉ ìiave

(8) (be)

ỉ loơkforward

liiìdev

the ỉabeỉs.

do nót ìiesitate

Yours

you
(3) (go)
the wỉne

prỉnted

and ỉ hope

price

contacted


toịlO)

ị liear)

order
you

\vith

the

brand

Ị woitỉcl

order,

om pevsonaì
a price

which

(7)

printer

(get)
for a


soon.

me if you ìiave
/rom you

thai

name,

suggest

of
will

You mentioned

your

able to sendyou

(9) (contact)

thát you are

wine.

you the 15% discount.

you \vanted


Please

oitr current

you stated

om special

(2) (supply)

competitive.

the labeỉs

in which

an orderfor

aiưl ỉ encỉose

we vr/7/ agree

quotation

of 12 Jitne

( Ì ) ịpìace)

We cơn arrange
ỉ,000


letter

any

/ttrther

soon.

sìncerely,
Bro\vn

Managỉng

Director

4. Complete the sentences using the verbs from the box in the -ing
form.
apply

film

lose

meet

negotiate

speak


vvait

1. We don't knovv the final cost of the TV programme until the
production c o m p a n y í ì n i s h e s
2. Rupert M u r d o c h o f Nevvs International r i s k e d

millions of

pounds w h e n he launched his satellite c o m p a n y Sky.
3.
practise

I f you

do

a

business

course

in England

you

will

be


able

to

every day.

4. ì have had to put o f f

the designers because ì a m t o o busy this \veek.

5. A s a buyer f o r a large chain store, part o f m y j o b i n v o l v e s
competitive prices w i t h suppliers.

44
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




6.

ì

am

aữaid

mind

the


manager

is

busy

át

the

moment.

Would

you

a f e w minutes?

7. There is no point

f o r the share n o w - the o f f e r closed last

week.
5. R e p l a c e t h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d s w i t h t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f t h e p h r a s a l
verb: B R I N G .
Ì. T h e y vvant to i n t r o d u c e ạ new b i n to l i m i t computer export.
2. Can y o u r e t u r n the m o n e y y o u borrovved last week?
3. U n p o p u l a r e c o n o m i c policies í b r c e d the government to resign.
4. W e a i m to reduce prices ô n a l l our computers.

5. Can y o u e x p l a i n w h a t caused these problems?
6. The g o v e r n m e n t are t r y i n g to make the price o f houses cheaper.
6. Test y o u r s e l f . W r i t e 12 sentences w i t h " m a k e " a n d " l e t " + base

form.

45
Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




U n i t 8
SALES A N D

N E G O T I A T I O N

Contents

Objectives
- Sales

- Looks át some aspects of sales and
its common uses.
- Presents four stages of negotiation
and some negotiations styles.
- Serves
combinations:

to


highlight the

- Uses of 'sale'
- Parts
prepositions

word

of

speech:

Nouns

+

- Negotiation
- Negotiation styles

- noun

+preposition

- verb +noun

- Verb
Combination

+preposition


- preposition +noun

+

Noun

+

Preposition

- Preposition + Noun

A. SALES
Sales

describes what a business sells and the m o n e y Ít receives f o r Ít.

M r s Pat L a w r e n c e is h a v i n g a sales m e e t i n g vvith her sales team:
"Our sales

/igures

and turnover

year are g o o d , w i t h revenue
volume

( m o n e y received f r o m sales) i n the last


( m o n e y f r o m sales) o f 14.5 m i l l i o n euros, ôn

o f 49 boats. T h i s is above our target

13 m i l l i o n euros. W e estimate our sales

(a result t h á t y o u t r y t o achieve) of

growth

w o r l d e c o n o m y looks good and there is demancl

next year át ten per cent, as the
for our products, so m y sales

í b r e c a s t is t h á t there vvill be a rise in turnover."
1. Uses of the word "sale"
a. make a sale

sell something

b. be ô n sale/for sale

be available to h u y

c. unit sales

the n u m b e r o f things sold

46

Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN




d. sales

a c o m p a n y department t h á t deals w i t h s e l l i n g its products

e. A sale

a p e r i o d w h e n a shop sells its goods át a l o w e r p r i c e than usual

f. T h e sales

a p e r i o d w h e n a lót o f shops are h a v i n g a sale

2. P a r t s o f s p e e c h : N o u n s + P r e p o s i t i o n s

advantage o f

advice ô n

application f o r

benefit o f

cost o f

contact w i t h


demand f o r

d i f f e r e n c e between

fall i n / of

increase ỉn

interest i n

lack o f

need f o r

price o f

r e p l y to

request f o r

She has the advantage
There

has been

o f a good

a large faỉl


cause o f

matter with
trouble with

eclucation.

in unemployment

over the lastfew

months.

B. NEGOTIATION
A negotiation

is a business discussion betvveen people w h o have d i f f e r e n t

interests. D u r i n g a n e g o t i a t i o n they t r y to find ũ solution
an agreement.

J o h n R i x is an expert

to a p r o b l e m or reach

ôn negotiation: H e points out f o u r m a i n

negotiation phases.
a.


The preparation

pìiase:

W o r k out what y o u w a n t and w h i c h are the

main priorities.
b. The debating

phase:

T r y to f i n đ out what the customer wants. Use open

questions and l i s t e n t o y o u r customer.
c. The proposaỉ

phase:

Suggest some o f the things y o u c o u l d trade. Be

patient and listen to the c u s t o m e r s proposals.
d. The bargaining

phase:

Indicate what y o u vvill a c t u a l l y trade. Here y o u

exchange c o n d i t i o n a l l y p a r t i c u l a r points in tùm.

R e m e m b e r to w r i t e d o w n the


agreement.
c. NEGOTIATION STYLES
W h e n y o u are n e g o t i a t i n g w i t h people f r o m other cultures, it's i m p o r t a n t to
think about w h a t t h e y consider as n o r m a l behaviour. You'11 need to t h i n k about
the f o l l o w i n g :

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Số hóa bởi Trung tâm Học liệu – ĐHTN