Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

PART I: INTRODUCTION
I. Reason for the study
Pronouncing words correctly is very important in learning languages. It not
only helps us speak accurately, hear one’s speech sound easily but also helps us to
understand what people say. So “Pronunciation part” can’t help appearing in
national examinations, English test and examinations for gifted students (there are
normally from 2 to 5 questions). However, many students are confused and choose
wrong answers because they don’t understand what phonemic transcription is.
They don’t know when letter A is pronounced as sound / ei /, / æ /, / a: /, / eə /.
Eg: / ei / Late
/ æ /Glad
/ a: / Park
/ eə / care
[Every speech sound must be identified as one of the phonemes and written
with the appropriate symbol.]1
Understanding how one letter is transcripted in a specific word is to help
students to do pronunciation exercises easily.
In reality, I notice that the textbooks of English 10, 11, 12 don’t introduce
some rules how a word is transcripted according to phonemic transcription even at
lower secondary education level doesn’t too. So there is little chance for the students
to understand the phonemic transcription.
In practice, there are not a lot of useful references for teachers about this kind
of exercise so the students cannot understand the phonemic transcription deeply.
From the reasons mentioned above, I have decided to write my own
experience initiative on the topic: HELPING STUDENTS KNOW HOW TO
SOLVE “PRONUCIATION PART” IN TESTS, EXAMS.

.
II. Aim of the study
With this experience initiative, I wish to help my students understand more
about the phonemic transcription. Besides, I would like to provide the students some
rules how a letter is written according to phonemic transcription in specific word.
Furthermore, through this experience initiative, I hope to contribute some ideas on
issues related to phonology to the teaching experience sources for my colleagues to
use as a reference in their teaching English.
________________________________________________________
In this page:
- Section I. [1] – I consult from English phonetics and Phonology – A practical course, by Peter Roach, Second
edition, Cambridge University Press, word for word; I myself write the rest.

1


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

- I myself write contents in Section II.

III. Objective and Scope of the study
In this experience initiative, I give a basic chart of phonemic symbols, giving
some exercise systems to help students get fimiliar with.
The topic was studied in the English programme at high school level (The
basic English textbooks 10, 11, 12) and in tests, exam preparation tests, entrance
exams into university or college designed by the Ministry of Education and
Training, English exams for gifted students in Thanh Hoa and other provinces. It is

applied to the high school students at Mai Anh Tuan High School in the school-year
2016-2017 to prepare for the national high – school examination.
IV. Bases of the study:
The experience inititative has been studied based on my own practical
teaching experiences, referring to documents related to the research topic, observing
other teachers’lessons, and consulting my colleagues.
PART II: PROBLEM SOLVING

*The important point to solve this kind of exercise is students have to know
the phonemic transcription in specific word.
Below are some rules to write and pronounce phonemes in words.
A. The way to pronounce a vowel in stressed syllable.
Closed
Letters
Open syllable
Syllable with r
Syllable with re
syllable
/ ei / Late
/ æ /Glad
/ a: / Park
/ eə / care
a
Take /teik/
Fat /fæt/
Large /la:dʒ/
Stare /steə(r)/
/ i: / She
/ e / Desk
/ə:/, /ɜː/ Term

/ iə / Here
Or /eə/ where
e
These /ði:z/
Well /wel/ Serve /sɜːv/
/weə/
/ əʊ / Home
/ ɒ / Shop / ɔː / Short
/ ɔː / More
Smoke
o
Long /lɒŋ/ Sport /spɔːt/
Store /stɔː/
/sməʊk/
_____________________________________
In this page:
- I myself write contents in Section III, IV..
- The contents in Part II, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

2


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

Letters Open syllable Closed syllable

/ ʌ / Must
/ juː / Tune
/ ʊ / Full
u
Full /fʊl/
Use /juːz/
buck /bʌk/
/ ai /Like
/ ɪ / Sit
i (y)
Why /wai/
Wish /wɪʃ/

Syllable with r Syllable with re
/ jʊə / Pure
/ ə: / Hurt
Or /ʊə/ Sure
Cure / kjʊə/
Nurse /nə:s/
Poor /pʊə(r)/
/ ɜː/ First
/ ai / Fire
Shirt /ʃɜːt/
Hire /’haiə(r)/

B. The way to pronounce a vowel in unstressed syllable.

Letters

a


e

i (y)

o

u

Examples

Pronunciation
/ə/

Again / əˊgein/

Vacation /vəˊkeiʃn/

/i/

Palace /'pælis/

Village /'vilidʒ/

/ ei /

Celebrate /'selibretid/

Separate /'seprət/


/i/

Exam /ig'zæm/

Careless /'keəlis/

/ə/

Silent /'sailənt/

Student /'stju:dənt/

/i/

Office /'ɔfis/

Important /
im'pɔ:tənt/

/ ai /

Exercise /'eksəsaiz/

Satisfy /'sætisfai/

/ə/

Polite /pə'lait/

Second / 'sekənd/


/ ou / , / əʊ /

Piano / 'piænou/

Tomato /tə'mɑ:tou/

/ə/

Autumn /'ɔ:təm/

Support / sə'pɔ:t/

/i/

Busy /'bizi/

Minute /'minit/

/ ju /

Communist /'kɔmjunist/

Particular /
pə'tikjulə(r)/

/ ju: /

Attitude /'ætitju:d/


Institute /'institju:t/

____________________________
In this page:
- The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

3


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

C. The way to pronounce a vowel cluster.

Vowel
cluster
ai / ay

Position in
syllable

Examples

Pronunciation
/ ei /
/ ɔː /

/ ɔː l /
/ a: /

Train /trein/
Talk /tɔːk/
Also /'ɔ:lsou/
Half / hɑ:f/

/ ɔː /

August /ɔ:'gʌst/ Daughter /'dɔ:tə/

/ eə /
/ a: /
/ i: /
/e/
/ ei /
/ ju: /
/ u: /

Chair /t∫eə/
Grass /gra:s/
Sea /si:/
Head /hed/
Great /greit/
New /nju:/
Flew /flu:/

Care /keə/
Pass /pa:s/

Easy /'i:zi/
Bread /bred/
Break /breik/
Few /fju:/
Grew /gru:/

/ i: /

Field /fi:ld/

Believe /bi'li:v/

/ ai /

Die /dai/

Lie /lai/

igh
oa

/ ai /
/ əu /

oi/ oy

/ ɔi /

High /hai/
Boat /bəu/

Join /dʒɔin/
Boy /bɔi/
School /sku:l/
Book /bʊk/
House /haus/
How /hau/
Four /fɔː(r)/
Fruit /fru:t/
Build /bild/
Suit /sju:t/

Right /rait/
Road /rəud/
Noise /nɔiz/
Enjoy /in'dʒɔi/
Soon /su:n/
Look /lʊk/
About /ə'baut/
Know /nəu/
Hour /hauə/
Juice /dʒu:s/
Guilty /'gilti/

al

Before most
consonats
Before f, m

au(gh)

aw
air / are
as
ea
ew

ie

Common
Before: d
Special way
Common
After: l, r, j
Before
consonats
At the end of
word

/ u: /
/ʊ/
ou
/ au /
ow
/au /, / əu/
our
/ɔː/, /auə /
After: j, r
/ u: /
ui
After: b, g

/ i/
Special way
/ ju: /
_________________________________
oo

Common
Before: k

Wait /weit/
Small /smɔːl/
Always /'ɔ:lweiz/
Calm /kɑ:m

In this page: - The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the
Ha Noi Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s
Dictionary, 8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

D. The way to pronounce a consonat and consonat cluster.

Letters Position in syllable
b

Pronunciation
Examples
/b/
Break /breik/
Book /bʊk/
4



Experience Initiative
2017

c

cc

School-year: 2016-

After: m
Before vowels: a, o,
u. Before consonats
and at the end of
syllable
Before vowels: e, i
(y)

Unpronounced Tomb /tu:m/
/k/

Clean /kli:n/
Picnic /'piknik/

Crowd /kraud/
Cat /kæt/

/s/

Nice /nais/


City /'siti/

Before: ia, ie, io

/ʃ/

Before: e, i

/ ks /

After: a, o, u or
before another
consonant

/k/

Social /'sou∫l/
Precious /'pre∫ə
s/
Success
/sək'ses/
According
/ə'kɔ:diη]/

/ tʃ /

ch
(tch)
ck

d
dge
f

At the end of word
Special way

Climb /kaim/

Sufficient
/sə'fi∫nt/
Accident /'æksi
dənt
Acclaim
/ə'kleim/

Church /t∫ə:t∫/
Christmas /'kris
/k/
məs/
Machine
/ʃ/
/mə'∫i:n/
/k/
Neck /nek/
/d/
Decide /di'said/
Handsome /'hæ
Unpronounced
nsəm/

/ dʒ /
Bridge /bridʒ/
/f/
Five /faiv/
/v/
Of /əv/

Reach /ri:t∫/
School /sku:l/

Black /blæk/
Desk /desk/
Wednesday /'w
enzdi/
Judge /'dʒʌdʒ/
Leaf /li:f/

_________________________________
In this page:
- The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

Letters
g

Position in
syllable
Before: a, o, u
Before


Pronunciation
/g/

Examples
Game /geim/

Group /gru:p/
5


Experience Initiative
2017

ge

consonats and
at the end of
syllable
Before e, i, (y)
At the end of
word

School-year: 2016-

/ dʒ /

Gem /dʒem/

Gypsy /'dʒipsi/


/ dʒ /

Change /t∫eindʒ/

Large /lɑ:dʒ/

Cough /kɔf/

Laugh /lɑ:f/

/f/
gh

gu(e)

In: igh, ough,
augh
Beginning or
end of word
In front of
word

h
j
k
kn

Unpronounced High /hai/
/g/


Dialogue /'daiəlɔg/

Language /'læηg
widʒ/
/h/
Harm /hɑ:m/
Unpronounced Hour /'auə/
/ dʒ /
Joke /dʒouk/
/k/
Cake /keit/

/l/
Unpronounced
/m/
/m/
/n/
/ŋ/
/ ŋg /

m
mn
n
ng

Guide /gaid/

/ gw /


/n/

l

Bought /bɔ:t/

Knee /ni:/
Land /lænd/

Head /hed/
Honour /'ɔnə/
Joy /dʒɔi/
Kite /kait/
Knowledge /'nɔlid
ʒ/
School /sku:l/

Walk /wɔ:k/
Moon /mu:n/
Autumn /'ɔ:təm/
Nine /nain/
King /kiη/
English /'iηgli∫/

Calm /kɑ:m/
Lamp /læmp/
Solemn /'sɔləm/
Fan /fæn/
Among /ə'mʌη/
Angry /'æηgri/


________________________________
In this page:
- The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

Letters

nk(nc)
p

Position in
syllable

Pronunciation

/ ŋk /
/p/

Examples

Bank /bæηk/
Plan /plæn/

Uncle /'ʌηkl/
Supper /'sʌpə/
6



Experience Initiative
2017

ph

School-year: 2016-

/f/

Photo /'foutou/

/k/

Iraq /i'ra:k /

qu

/ kw /

Quick /kwik/

r

/r/
/s/

Read /ri:d/
Sister /'sistə/
Easy /'i:zi/


q

s

Rarely
appearing alone

Between two
vowels
Before: u, io, ia

sc
sh
t
Before: ia, ie, io
th
v
w

/z/
/ʃ/

Sure /∫uə/
Pleasure /'pleʒə
/ʒ/
/
Unpronounced Island /'ailənd/
/s/
Scene /si:n/
/ʃ/

Fresh /fre∫/
/t/
Tell /tel/
Unpronounced Often /'ɔfn/
/ʃ/
Patient /'pei∫nt/
/θ/
Birth /bə:θ/
/ð/
This /ðis/
/v/
Voice /vɔis/
/w/
Wait /weit/
Unpronounced Sword /sɔ:d/

Elephant /'elifənt/

Question /
'kwest∫ən/
Around /ə'raund/
Smile /smail/
Music /'mju:zik/
Russia /'rʌ∫n/
Usually /'ju:ʒəli/
Isle /ail/
Science /'saiəns/
Wash /wɔ∫/
Meet /mi:t/
Listen /'lisn/

Nation /'nei∫n/
Method /'meθəd/
Than /ðæn/
Love /lʌv/
Sweet /swi:t/
Answer /'ɑ:nsə/

_________________________________
In this page:
- The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.

Letters
wh
wr
x

Position in
syllable
Before: a, e,
i, (y)
Before: o
In stressed
syllable

Pronunciation

Examples


/w/

What /wɔt/

When /wen/

/h/
/r/
/ ks /

Who /hu:/
Write /rait/
Box /bɔks/

Whole /houl/
Wrong /rɔη/
Exercise /'eksəsai
z/
7


Experience Initiative
2017

In stressed
syllable
following
with vowel
xc
y


At the
beginning of
word

School-year: 2016-

/ gz /

Exam /ig'zæm/
Exist /ig'zist/
Exhaust /ig'zɔ:st/ Exact /ig'zækt/

/ ks /

Excellent /'eksəl
ənt/

Except /ik'sept/

Yellow /'jelou/

Yes /jes/

/j/

z
/z/
Zoo /zu:/
Citizen /'sitizn/

* From above rules, it is easy for us to teach students how s/ es and ed are
pronounced.
1. The way of pronouncing -s/- es ending:
There are 3 ways to pronounce –s/ -es: /s/, /z/, /iz/.
- /iz/: when -s/-es after phonemes: /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/.
E.g: watches, boxes, bridges, buses, crashes, buzzes,…
- /s/: when -s/-es after phonemes: /p/, /f/, /t/, /k/, /ө/.
E.g: cups, cats, books, beliefs, cloths,…
- /z/: when -s/-es after phonemes: /b/, /v/, /ð/, /d/, /g/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /r/, /u/,…
E.g: toys, answers, lessons, legs, trees, knives, ends, dreams, hills, songs,…
2. The way of pronouncing -ed ending:
There are 3 ways to pronounce –ed: /t/, /id/, /d/.
- /id/: when -ed after phonemes: /t/, /d/.
_________________________________
In this page:
- The contents in the chart, I consult from An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi
Culture – Information, 2001. The phonemic transcriptions are copied from Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary,
8th Edition, Cambridge University Press by me. I myself give some examples.
- I myself write the way of pronouncing -s/- es ending and the way of pronouncing -ed ending:

Eg: - wanted /ˈwɑːntɪd/
- Added /ædɪd/
- /t/: when -ed after phonemes: /s/, /f/, /p/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /k/
Eg:
- Hoped /hoʊpt/
- Coughed : /kɔːft/
- Fixed : /fɪkst/
- Washed : /wɔːʃt/
8



Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

- Catched : /kætʃt/
- Asked : /æskt/
- /d/: when -ed after phonemes: the rest
- Cried : /kraɪd/
- Smiled : /smaɪld/
- Played : /pleɪd/
Note: some special adjectives
Eg: naked /'neikid/, wicked /'wikid/….

E. Some examples in tests, exams.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose
underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the
following questions.
Question 1: A. eleven B. elephant
C. examine
D. exact
Question 2: A. work
B. form
C. stork
D. force
(University Entrance Examination by Ministry of Education and Training, in 2013)
Key
1. A. /i'levn/
B. /'elifənt/

C. /ig'zæmin/
D. /ig'zækt/
2. A. /wə:k/
B. /fɔ:m/
C. /stɔ:k/
D. /fɔ:s/
Question 3: A. deal
B. teach
C. break
D. clean
Question 4: A. supported B. approached
C. noticed
D. finished
(University Entrance Examination by Ministry of Education and Training, in 2014)
Key
3. A. /di:l/
B. ti:t∫
C. /breik/
D. /kli:n/
4. A. /sə'pɔ:tid/
B. /ə'prout∫t/
C. 'noutist/
D. /'fini∫t/
_________________________________
In this page: - I myself give some examples.
- I myself write the way of pronouncing -s/- es ending and the way of pronouncing -ed ending:
- I consult the questions from University Entrance Examination by Ministry of Education and Training, in 2013, 2014.

Question 5: A. laughs B. drops
C. maintains

D. imports
Question 6: A. justice B. campus
C. culture
D. brush
(University Entrance Examination by Ministry of Education and Training, in 2015)
Key
5. A. /lɑ:fs/
B. /drɔps/
C. /mein'teinz/ D. /'impɔ:ts/
6. A. /'dʒʌstis/
B./'kæmpəs/
C. /'kʌlt∫ə/
D. /brʌ∫/
Question 7: A. lose
B. chose
C. close
D. rose
9


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

(Examination for gifted students in Thanh Hoa province, 2012 – 2013)
Key
7. A. /lu:z/
B. /tʃəʊz/
C. /klous/

D. /rəʊz/
Question 8: A. suggestion
B. devotion
C. congestion
D. digestion
(Examination for gifted students in Thanh Hoa province, 2013 – 2014)
Key
8. /sə'dʒest∫ən/
B. /di'vou∫n/
C. /kən'dʒest∫n/
D. /di'dʒest∫n/
Question 9: A. famous B. nervous
C. favourite
D. mountain
Question 10: A. through B. enough
C. rough
D. tough
(Examination for gifted students in Thanh Hoa province, 2015 – 2016)
Key
9. A. /'feiməs/
B. /'nə:vəs/
C. /'feivərit/
D. /'mauntən/
10. A. /θru:/
B. /i'nʌf/
C. /rʌf/
D. /tʌf/
F. Exercises:
Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
of the same group.

1.
A. candy
B. sandy
C. many
D. handy
2.
A. earning
B. learning
C. searching
D. clearing
3.
A. pays
B. stays
C. says
D. plays
4.
A. given
B. risen
C. ridden
D. whiten
5.
A. cough
B. tough
C. rough
D. enough
6.
A. accident
B. jazz
C. stamp
D. watch

7.
A. this
B. thick
C. maths
D. thin
8.
A. gas
B. gain
C. germ
D. good
_________________________________
In this page: - I myself give some examples.
- I myself write the way of pronouncing -s/- es ending and the way of pronouncing -ed ending:
- I consult the questions from University Entrance Examination by Ministry of Education and Training, in 2013, 2015;
from Examination for gifted students in Thanh Hoa province, 2012 – 2013, 2015 – 2016.

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

A. bought
A. spear
A. forks
A. handed
A. car

A. within
A. has
A. drunkard

B. naught
B. gear
B. tables
B. booked
B. coach
B. without
B. bag
B. postcard

C. plough
C. fear
C. beds
C. translated
C. century
C. clothing
C. dad
C. remark

D. thought
D. pear
D. windows
D. visited
D. cooperate
D. strengthen
D. made
D. discard

10


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

17. A. kites
B. catches
18. A. student
B. stupid
19. A. wealth
B. cloth
20. A. brilliant
B. trip
21. A. flouride
B. hidden
22. A. surgeon
B. agent
23. A. feather
B. leather
24. A. geology
B. psychology
25. A. idiom
B. ideal
26. A. children
B. child
27. A. both
B. myth

28. A. helped
B. booked
29. A. name
B. natural
30. A. blood
B. food
31. A. deaf
B. of
32. A. comb
B. plumb
33. A. thick
B. though
34. A. flour
B. hour
35. A. dictation
B. repetition
36. A. dew
B. knew
37. A. asked
B. helped
38. A. smells
B. cuts
39. A. chooses
B. pauses
40. A. decided
B. hatred
41. A. head
B. break
_________________________________


C. oranges
C. study
C. with
C. tripe
C. arid
C. engine
C. feature
C. classify
C. item
C. mild
C. with
C. hoped
C. native
C. moon
C. leaf
C. climb
C. thank
C. pour
C. station
C. sew
C. kissed
C. opens
C. rises
C. sacred
C. bread

D. buzzes
D. studio
D. marathon
D. tip

D. lid
D. regard
D. measure
D. photography
D. identical
D. wild
D. sixth
D. waited
D. nation
D. pool
D. wife
D. disturb
D. think
D. sour
D. question
D. few
D. played
D. plays
D. horses
D. warned
D. breath

In this page: - I myself give some exercises.

42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.

48.
49.
50.

1. C

A. blood
A. height
A. through
A. fought
A. moon
A. any
A. height
A. book
A. pan

2. D

B. tool
B. fine
B. them
B. country
B. pool
B. apple
B. like
B. blood
B. woman

3. C


4. D

C. moon
C. tidy
C. threaten
C. bought
C. door
C. hat
C. buy
C. look
C. sad
Key
5. A
6. D

7. A

D. spool
D. cliff
D. thunder
D. ought
D. cool
D. cat
D. hair
D. foot
D. man

8. C

9. C


10. D
11


Experience Initiative
2017

11. A
21. A
31. B
41. B

12. B
22. D
32. D
42. A

13. C
23. C
33. B
43. D

School-year: 2016-

14. D
24. C
34. B
44. B


15. D
25. A
35. D
45. B

16. A
26. A
36. C
46. C

17. A
27. C
37 D.
47. A

18. C
28. D
38. B
48. D

19. C
29. B
39. D
49. B

20. C
30. A
40. D
50. B


PART III: CONCLUSION
I. Study results:
After I provided the students some rules of phonemic transcription of English
language, they have known the way how to resolve “pronunciation part”.
Below are the results of the study before and after being applied to teach
some rules of phonemic transcription of English language in the classes 10C and
10D at Mai Anh Tuan High School in the school-year 2016-2017.
+ Before applying
Number
Number of students
Number of students give
Lớp
of
give incorrect answers
correct answers
Total
%
Total
%
students
10 C
45
32
71
13
29
10 D
44
34
77

10
23
_________________________________
In this page: - I consult some exercises from the website violet.vn; The keys are mine.
- I myself write the Part III – Conclusion.

+ After applying
Number
Number of students
Lớp
of
give incorrect answers
Total
%
students
10 C
45
8
18
10 D
44
11
25

Number of students give
correct answers
Total
%
37
82

33
75

The results mentioned above have indicated that a number of students who
have had more correct answers to PRONUNCIATION PART in examinations has
been gradually increasing and a number of students who have had a few correct
answers has been declining. This result also makes my students confindent to
pronounce English words. It also helps my students to develop many Englsish skills.
II. Suggestions:
12


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

This experience initiative is the result of my private experience collected
during teaching period, hence it has some limitations. I am grateful to get as many
constructive ideas or suggestions as possible from my colleagues, managers to better
the study and to help it become more productive in the English teaching and
learning process at high schools in the future.
I would like to express my sincere thanks!
THE CONFIRMATION OF THE HEADMASTER
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………


Nga Son, May 27th 2017.
I hereby declare that this is my
innovative experience and that
no parts of the initiative have
been copied and reproduced by
me from any other’s work
without acknowledgement.
The writer

Bui Van Dien
_________________________________
In this page:
- I myself write these contents.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I: INTRODUCTION
I. Reason for the study
II. Aim of the study
III. Objective and Scope of the study
IV. Bases of the study
PART II: PROBLEM SOLVING
A. The way to pronounce a vowel in stressed syllable.
B. The way to pronounce a vowel in unstressed syllable.
C. The way to pronounce a vowel cluster.
D. The way to pronounce a consonat and consonat cluster.

Page
01

01
01
01
02
02
02
03
04
05
13


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

1. The way of pronouncing -s/- es ending:
2. The way of pronouncing -ed ending:
E. Some examples in tests, exams.
F. Exercises:
PART III: CONCLUSION
I. Study results
II. Suggestions

08
08
09
10
12

12
13

REFERENCES
[1]. English 10, by Hoang Van Van, the publisher of Vietnam Education
[2]. English 11, by Hoang Van Van, the publisher of Vietnam Education
[3]. English 12, by Hoang Van Van, the publisher of Vietnam Education
[4]. English phonetics and Phonology – A practical course, by Peter Roach,
Second edition, Cambridge University Press.
[5]. An English encyclopaedia for students, by the publisher of the Ha Noi Culture
– Information, 2001.

14


Experience Initiative
2017

School-year: 2016-

[6]. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 8th Edition, Cambridge University
Press
[7]. Examination for gifted students in Thanh Hoa province, 2012 – 2014)
[8]. The website violet.vn

15