TCP/IP Network Administration

By Craig Hunt; ISBN 1-56592-322-7, 630 pages.
Second Edition, December 1997.
(See the catalog page for this book.)

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Index
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Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Overview of TCP/IP
Chapter 2: Delivering the Data
Chapter 3: Network Services
Chapter 4: Getting Started
Chapter 5: Basic Configuration
Chapter 6: Configuring the Interface
Chapter 7: Configuring Routing
Chapter 8: Configuring DNS Name Service
Chapter 9: Configuring Network Servers
Chapter 10: sendmail
Chapter 11: Troubleshooting TCP/IP
Chapter 12: Network Security
Chapter 13: Internet Information Resources
Appendix A: PPP Tools
Appendix B: A gated Reference
Appendix C: A named Reference
Appendix D: A dhcpd Reference
Appendix E: A sendmail Reference

Appendix F: Selected TCP/IP Headers

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TCP/IP Network Administration

The Networking CD
Bookshelf Navigation
Copyright © 1999 O'Reilly & Associates. All Rights Reserved.

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Index

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Index: Symbols and Numbers
6-bit serial lines, running over : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
7bit encoding type : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
8bit encoding type : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
'' (apostrophes) (expect nothing) : 6.3.3. chat
apostrophes ('') (expect nothing) : A.3. chat
* (asterisk)
meaning interface not enabled : 6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name
in name field, indicating wildcard character : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
@ (at sign)
for current origin : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
excluding an individual parameter : 9.4. A BOOTP Server

referencing current domain : 8.3.5. The Reverse Domain File
\ (backslash) escaping newline characters
9.2.1. The printcap File
A.3. chat
C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
: (colon)
beginning and ending fields
9.2.1. The printcap File
9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service
separating parameters : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
{} (curly braces)
configuration statements
7.7.1.1. A host configuration
B.2. The gated Configuration Language
D.3. The dhcpd.conf Configuration File
long variable names : 10.5. sendmail Configuration
macro names : 10.5.2. The Define Macro Command
.. (dots) for domain name : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
- (minus) (non-equivalent host) : 12.2.5. Secure the r Commands
-> (arrow), for copying files : 9.6.1. rdist
() (parentheses), for continuation characters : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
; (semicolon)
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comment character : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
ending gated configuration statements
7.7.1.1. A host configuration

B.2. The gated Configuration Language
# (sharp sign) for comments
3.2. The Host Table
5.4. The Internet Daemon
7.7.1.1. A host configuration
9.1.4. NFS Automounter
9.2.1. The printcap File
9.4. A BOOTP Server
A.1.1. The dip Script File
D.3. The dhcpd.conf Configuration File

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Index: A
ABORT keyword : A.3. chat
Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) : 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
access control : 12.5. Access Control
levels of : 9.1.2.1. The share command
services to place under, listed : 12.5.1. wrapper
software for : 12.5. Access Control

ACKD command, in POP : 3.4.2. Post Office Protocol
Acknowledgment (ACK) bit set : 1.6.2. Transmission Control Protocol
Acknowledgment Number field : 1.6.2. Transmission Control Protocol
adaptive protocol value : 6.4.1. slattach
Address Resolution Protocol : (see ARP)
addresses
1.1.1. TCP/IP Features
1.7. Application Layer
2.1. Addressing, Routing, and Multiplexing
(see also IP addresses)
(see also leases on addresses)
allocating
dynamically : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
manually : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
assigning
in blocks : 4.2.1.1. Assigning host addresses
in contiguous blocks
2.2.2. Classless IP Addresses
B.11. The Aggregate Statements
in DHCP : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
broadcast
2.2.2.1. Final notes on IP addresses
2.6. Address Resolution
4. Getting Started
6.1. The ifconfig Command
6.1.2. Checking the Interface with ifconfig
limited : 3.6. Bootstrap Protocol
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setting : 6.1.4. Setting the Broadcast Address
specifying : 4.2.2. Defining the Subnet Mask
classes of
1.7. Application Layer
2.2.1. Address Classes
4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
class rules : 7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed
converting : 10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command
email
processing : 10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command
simplified : 10.5.3. The Define Class Command
gateway : (see gateway)
getting in pppd : 6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
host : 2.2.1. Address Classes
assigning : 4.2.1.1. Assigning host addresses
Internet-style : 10.7.1. Modifying Local Information
mask, written in hexadecimal : 6.1.2. Checking the Interface with ifconfig
mixtures of in DHCP : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
multiple : 8.2.1. The Resolver Configuration File
numeric : 3.1. Names and Addresses
processing
by several rewrite rules : 10.6.2. Transforming the Address
verifying : 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf
recipient : 10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command
records of : C.3.1.3. Address record
reserved
2.2.1. Address Classes
2.2.2.1. Final notes on IP addresses

resolution of : 2.6. Address Resolution
sender
10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command
10.8.1. Testing Rewrite Rules
spoofing
4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
timing out : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
translating : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
admin alias : 10.3. sendmail Aliases
administration : (see network, administration)
admintool
9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service
12.2.1. The Shadow Password File
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adventurous users, supporting : 9.7.2. IMAP Server
aggregate statements (in gated) : B.11. The Aggregate Statements
alarms provided by monitors : 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
algorithms
back-off : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
Dijkstra Shortest Path First (SPF) : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
distance-vector : 7.4. Interior Routing Protocols
aliases : 2.7.2. Port Numbers
file : 10.3. sendmail Aliases
processing addresses against : 10.6.3. The Set Ruleset Command
for hostnames : 8.3.6. The named.hosts File

in sendmail : 10.1. sendmail's Function
aliases file
3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
9.3. Network Information Service
AliasFile option : 10.5.4. The Set Option Command
allmulti parameter : 6.1.5.5. Point-to-point
alternative multipart subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
America Online (AOL) : 4.1. Connected and Non-Connected Networks
Andrew File System : 3.7.1. File Sharing
anonymous FTP : 13.2. Anonymous FTP
ANY query : 11.6. Checking Name Service
apostrophes ('') (expect nothing)
6.3.3. chat
A.3. chat
Application Layer : 1.2. A Data Communications Model
in TCP/IP : 1.7. Application Layer
applications
content type : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
protocols for : 2.7.2. Port Numbers
widely implemented : 1.7. Application Layer
security issues concerning : 12.3. Application Security
archie : 13.3.1. archie
client software : 13.3.1.1. archie client software
servers : 13.3.1. archie
archie.internic.net : 13.3.1. archie
ARCnet interface : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
area border routers : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
2.6. Address Resolution
2.8. Summary

3.5.1. Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
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command
2.6. Address Resolution
5.3.1.1. Options
in troubleshooting : 11.4.2. Troubleshooting with the arp Command
in troubleshooting : 11.2. Diagnostic Tools
enabling : 6.1.5.2. ARP and trailers
proxy server for : 5.3.1.1. Options
support in BSD : 5.3.1.2. Pseudo-device
table : A.1.1. The dip Script File
viewing contents of : 11.4.2. Troubleshooting with the arp Command
ARPA Internet Text Messages : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ARPANET
1.1. TCP/IP and the Internet
1.5.1.1. The datagram
2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
6.2. TCP/IP Over a Serial Line
arrow (->), for copying files : 9.6.1. rdist
AS path
operators, listed : B.10. Control Statements
vector : B.10. Control Statements
ASCII data (US) : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
aspppd.cf file : 6.3.6. Solaris PPP
Assigned Numbers RFC
2.7. Protocols, Ports, and Sockets

C.3.1.7. Host Information record
assumptions, making
11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
11.8. Protocol Case Study
asterisk (*)
meaning interface not enabled : 6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name
in name field, indicating wildcard character : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
asynchronous modems : (see modems)
Asynchronous PPP Daemon (aspppd) : 6.3.6. Solaris PPP
at sign (@)
for current origin : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
excluding an individual parameter : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
referencing current domain : 8.3.5. The Reverse Domain File
at, files run by, in security checks : 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble
audio data content : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
authentication
1.7. Application Layer
4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
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9.3.2. NIS+
12.2. User Authentication
(see also packet)
(see also user authentication)
DES-encrypted : 9.3.2. NIS+
in pppd
6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security

A.2. The PPP Daemon
server : 9.1.5. NFS Authentication Server
authoritative servers
1.7. Application Layer
3.3. Domain Name Service
3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
(see also non-authoritative servers)
auto_direct file : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
auto_home file : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
auto_master file : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
auto-revarp parameter : 6.1.5.5. Point-to-point
autofs script : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
Automatic Call Unit (ACU) : 6.3.6. Solaris PPP
automount : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
command : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
configuration files (maps) for : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
filesystem (autofs), defining : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
automounter daemon (automountd) : 9.1.4. NFS Automounter
autonomous systems (AS)
2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
7.4. Interior Routing Protocols
defined : 7.5. Exterior Routing Protocols
external (ASE) routes
7.7.1.3. Exterior gateway configuration
B.8.1. The ospf Statement
B.10.1. The import Statement
types of : B.10.2. The export Statement
listing of : B.10. Control Statements
number (ASN)
4.3.1. Obtaining an autonomous system number

B.7. Definition Statements
B.8.5. The bgp Statement
subdividing : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First

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Index: B
back-off algorithms : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
backbones
7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
7.7.1.2. Interior gateway configurations
backslash (\) escaping newline characters
9.2.1. The printcap File
A.3. chat
C.3.1. Standard Resource Records

bandwidth
increasing : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
using efficiently
7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed
8.3.1.1. Configuring a caching-only nameserver
base64 encoding type : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
basic audio subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
Basic Encoding Rules (BER) : 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
basic terminology : (see terminology, importance of using standard)
bastion host : 12.7. Firewalls
Berkeley Internet Name Domain : (see BIND)
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
Preface
2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
4.3.1. Obtaining an autonomous system number
7.5. Exterior Routing Protocols
7.5.2. Border Gateway Protocol
enabling (in gated)
7.7.1.3. Exterior gateway configuration
B.10. Control Statements
inside autonomous systems : 7.7.1.3. Exterior gateway configuration
statement (in gated) : B.8.5. The bgp Statement
bi-lateral agreements : 2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
binary
data : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
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encoding type : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain)
Preface
UNIX Versions
3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
8.1. BIND: UNIX Name Service
11.2. Diagnostic Tools
configuration types : 8.1.1. BIND Configurations
debugging : 8.4. Using nslookup
bit masks : 2.2.2. Classless IP Addresses
bit sets : 1.6.2. Transmission Control Protocol
blackhole
interface : B.6. Interface Statements
route : B.9. static Statements
bogusns command
11.6.3. Cache corruption
C.2. named.boot Configuration Commands
bookptab file
9.4. A BOOTP Server
9.6.1. rdist
configuration parameters : 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions
updating : 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions
Boolean values
in dhcpd parameters : 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
in printcap parameters : 9.2.1. The printcap File
boot
directory (hd) defined : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
file (bf) parameter : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
scripts, starting daemons from : 9.1.1. NFS Daemons
BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol)

Preface
3.6. Bootstrap Protocol
A.1.1. The dip Script File
clients : D.3.2. Configuration Parameters
expanded by DHCP : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
bootp-2.4.3.tar file : 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions
bootp-DDS2.4.3.tar file : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
bootpd (BOOTP daemon) : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
bootpd file : 9.6.1. rdist
bootpgw (BOOTP gateway) : 9.4.1. BOOTP gateway
BOOTREPLY packet : 3.6. Bootstrap Protocol
BOOTREQUEST packet
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3.6. Bootstrap Protocol
9.4. A BOOTP Server
9.4.1. BOOTP gateway
9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
Bootstrap Protocol : (see BOOTP)
Border Gateway Protocol : (see BGP)
border routers : 7.7.1.3. Exterior gateway configuration
braces ({})
configuration statements
7.7.1.1. A host configuration
B.2. The gated Configuration Language
D.3. The dhcpd.conf Configuration File
long variable names : 10.5. sendmail Configuration

macro names : 10.5.2. The Define Macro Command
breakdowns : (see disaster recovery plans)
broadcast addresses : (see addresses)
browsers : 13.1. The World Wide Web
BSD systems
kernel configuration file : 5.3. The BSD Kernel Configuration File
remounting filesystems on : 9.1.3.2. The vfstab and fstab files
BSD-Compress scheme : A.2. The PPP Daemon
buffer overruns : 6.1.5.4. Maximum transmission unit
byte-oriented masks : 2.3. Subnets

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Index: C
cable tester
11.2. Diagnostic Tools
11.3.1. The ping Command
11.4.3. Checking the Interface with netstat
cables
Category 5 : 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet

checking
6.4.4. Troubleshooting Serial Connections
11.4.3. Checking the Interface with netstat
11.4.4.1. Network hardware problems
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) : 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet
cache : 3.3. Domain Name Service
corruption : 11.6.3. Cache corruption
initialization file : 8.3.3. The Cache Initialization File
single answers : 3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
statement
8.3.1.1. Configuring a caching-only nameserver
C.2. named.boot Configuration Commands
caching-only servers
3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
8.1.1. BIND Configurations
8.3.1.1. Configuring a caching-only nameserver
cannot connect error : 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Canonical Name (CNAME) resource records
8.3.6. The named.hosts File
10.7.1. Modifying Local Information
C.3.1.5. Canonical Name record
carrier-detect (DCD) indicator, monitoring : 6.3.3. chat
central administrator : (see network, administration)
cf/cf directory : 10.4.1. Locating a Sample sendmail.cf File
cf/feature directory : E.3.2. FEATURE
cf/ostype directory : 10.4.1.1. Building a sendmail.cf with m4 macros
cgm image subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
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Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol : (see CHAP)
challenge string : 6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security
CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol)
6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security
A.2. The PPP Daemon
chap-secrets file : 6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security
Chapman, Brent : 12.1.1. Assessing the Threat
chat script : 6.3.3. chat
chat scripting language
A.2. The PPP Daemon
A.3. chat
escape sequences, listed : A.3. chat
chatkey : A.1.1. The dip Script File
checksums
1.6.2. Transmission Control Protocol
11.8. Protocol Case Study
recalculating
4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
5.3.1.1. Options
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) : 2.2.2. Classless IP Addresses
address mask
2.2. The IP Address
2.2.2. Classless IP Addresses
blocks : B.11. The Aggregate Statements
cipher : 12.6. Encryption
Cisco routers : 12.5. Access Control
class w, defining : 10.7.1. Modifying Local Information
classes of addresses : (see addresses, classes of)

Classless Inter-Domain Routing : (see CIDR)
clear text : 12.6. Encryption
client statement : B.8.10. The routerdiscovery Statement
CNAME : (see Canonical Name (CNAME) resource records)
Collis field : 11.4.3. Checking the Interface with netstat
collision rate
6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name
11.4.3. Checking the Interface with netstat
reducing : 11.4.4. Subdividing an Ethernet
colon (:)
beginning and ending fields
9.2.1. The printcap File
9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service
separating parameters : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
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com domain : 3.3.1. The Domain Hierarchy
Commercial Information Exchange (CIX) : 1.1. TCP/IP and the Internet
communications, interpersonal : (see email (electronic mail))
comp.security newsgroups : 12.1.2.2. Use mailing lists to distribute information
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) advisories : 12.1.2.2. Use mailing lists to distribute
information
Computer Security Resource Clearinghouse : 13.1. The World Wide Web
computer-to-computer services
servers providing : 9. Configuring Network Servers
conditionals in macro definitions : 10.5.2.1. Conditionals
conf directory : 5.3. The BSD Kernel Configuration File

conf/master directory : 8.3.4. The named.local File
confidence factor : 11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
configuration
parameters (in dhcpd) : D.3.2. Configuration Parameters
problems : 11.4.1. Troubleshooting with the ifconfig Command
servers : 3.5. Configuration Servers
system, prerequisites for : 4. Getting Started
connection command-line option, in pppd : 6.3.3. chat
connectivity
1.7. Application Layer
(see also firewalls)
troubleshooting : 11.3. Testing Basic Connectivity
content types : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
Content-Transfer-Encoding headers : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
Content-Type headers : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
contiguous blocks : (see addresses, assigning)
control
information : 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
statements (in gated) : B.10. Control Statements
convergence of routing, delays in : 7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed
COPS (Computer Oracle Password and Security) programs : 12.4.3.1. COPS
copy (cp) command, in NFS : 9.1. The Network File System
core gateways
2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
count field : 11.3.1. The ping Command
count-to-infinity problem : 7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed
crash
resetting locks after : 9.1.1. NFS Daemons
restarting after : 9.2.2. Solaris Line Printer Service

crises : (see disaster recovery plans)
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cron, files run by, in security checks : 12.4.2. Looking for Trouble
crtscts option : 6.3.1. The PPP Daemon
crypto-checksum : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
CSLIP : (see Van Jacobson header compression)
-Ctest.cf argument : 10.8. Testing sendmail.cf
cua devices : 6.4.4. Troubleshooting Serial Connections
curly braces ({})
configuration statements
7.7.1.1. A host configuration
B.2. The gated Configuration Language
D.3. The dhcpd.conf Configuration File
long variable names : 10.5. sendmail Configuration
macro names : 10.5.2. The Define Macro Command
cyrus and cyrusbb mailers : E.3.5. MAILER

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Index: D
daemons
3.2. The Host Table
5.4. The Internet Daemon
uid : 5.4. The Internet Daemon
DATA command, in SMTP : 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
data communications model : 1.2. A Data Communications Model
data compression, not provided in SLIP : 6.2.1. The Serial Protocols
Data Link Layer
1.2. A Data Communications Model
5.3.1.2. Pseudo-device
6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name
in PPP : 6.2.1. The Serial Protocols
Data Terminal Ready (DTR) modem control line : A.2. The PPP Daemon
data terminology : 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
databases in sendmail
arguments passed : 10.6.2.1. Transforming with a database
defining (K command) : 10.6.2.1. Transforming with a database
datagrams
1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
1.5.1.1. The datagram
1.7. Application Layer
(see also IP datagrams)
(see also User Datagram Protocol)
connectionless delivery of : 1.6. Transport Layer
converting source address of : 4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
forwarding : 5.3.1.1. Options

fragmented
1.5.1.3. Fragmenting datagrams
5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
headers
2.7.1. Protocol Numbers
2.7.2. Port Numbers
marking end of : 6.2.1. The Serial Protocols
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routing : 1.5.1.2. Routing datagrams
silently discarding : 11.8. Protocol Case Study
DCD (Data Carrier Detect) modem control line : A.2. The PPP Daemon
DDN Protocol Handbook : 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
DDN security bulletins : 12.1.2.2. Use mailing lists to distribute information
debugging
8.2.1. The Resolver Configuration File
C.1.1. Signal Processing
decentralizing management : 2.3. Subnets
decryption : 12.6. Encryption
dedicated connections
6.3.1. The PPP Daemon
6.4. Installing SLIP
default
domain
3.3.3. Domain Names
8.2.1. The Resolver Configuration File
how used : 3.3.3. Domain Names

gateway
2.5. The Routing Table
4.3. Planning Routing
address : 4. Getting Started
mask : 2.2.2. Classless IP Addresses
passwords : 12.2. User Authentication
route
2.2.2.1. Final notes on IP addresses
2.5. The Routing Table
7.3. Building a Static Routing Table
defining : 7.4.1.1. Running RIP with routed
values : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
defaultdomain file : 9.3. Network Information Service
defaultroute option : 6.3.1. The PPP Daemon
Defense Communications Agency (DCA) : 1.1. TCP/IP and the Internet
define macro (in sendmail)
E.3. m4 sendmail Macros
E.3.1. define
definition statements (in gated) : B.7. Definition Statements
delays, inserting
6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
6.4.4. Troubleshooting Serial Connections
demultiplexing : 2.7. Protocols, Ports, and Sockets
denial of service, threat of : 12.1.1. Assessing the Threat
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dequote database : 10.7.1. Modifying Local Information

DES-encrypted authentication : (see authentication)
designated router : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
destination
1.7. Application Layer
(see also unreachable destinations, detecting)
fields : 2.5. The Routing Table
host : 2.5. The Routing Table
Destination Address
1.5.1.1. The datagram
2.2. The IP Address
Destination Port number
1.6.1. User Datagram Protocol
1.6.2. Transmission Control Protocol
Destination Unreachable Message : 1.5.2. Internet Control Message Protocol
/dev directory : 6.4.4. Troubleshooting Serial Connections
device statement : 5.3.1.3. Devices
dfstab file
9.1.2.1. The share command
9.1.5.1. NFS print services
dgram sockets : 5.4. The Internet Daemon
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Preface
3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
backwards-compatible : 9.5. DHCP
based on Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) : 9.4.2. BOOTP extensions
benefits of : 9.5. DHCP
daemon (dhcpd) : 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
command : D.2. The dhcpd Command
compiling : D.1. Compiling dhcpd
configuring : D.3. The dhcpd.conf Configuration File

tools reference : D. A dhcpd Reference
using latest versions of : D. A dhcpd Reference
interoperability and : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
options available with : D.3.3. DHCP Options
commonly used : D.3.3.1. Commonly used options
others : D.3.3.2. Other options
dhcpd.conf file : 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
dhcpd.pid file : D.2. The dhcpd Command
diagnostic tools : 11.2. Diagnostic Tools
dial-up connections : 6.3.1. The PPP Daemon
dial-up IP (dip)
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6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
6.4.2. Dial-Up IP
script file : A.1.1. The dip Script File
sample : A.1.1.1. A sample dip script
for SLIP : 6.4.2. Dial-Up IP
special variables, listed : A.1.1. The dip Script File
tools reference : A.1. Dial-Up IP
dial-up PPP : 6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
dictionary guessing : 12.2. User Authentication
dig
11.2. Diagnostic Tools
11.3. Testing Basic Connectivity
11.6.4. dig: An Alternative to nslookup
query types : 11.6.4. dig: An Alternative to nslookup

digest multipart subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
digital signature system : 12.6. Encryption
Dijkstra Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
dip (dial-up IP)
6.3.2. Dial-Up PPP
6.4.2. Dial-Up IP
script file : A.1.1. The dip Script File
sample : A.1.1.1. A sample dip script
for SLIP : 6.4.2. Dial-Up IP
tools reference : A.1. Dial-Up IP
diphosts file : 6.4.3. SLIP Server Configuration
diplogin command : 6.4.3. SLIP Server Configuration
direct delivery : 3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
directive statements (in gated) : B.3. Directive Statements
directory
requirement for mounting : 9.1.3. Mounting Remote Filesystems
statement : 8.3.1.2. Primary and secondary server configurations
disaster recovery plans
11.10. Summary
12.1.1. Assessing the Threat
12.1.3. Writing a Security Policy
12.8. Words to the Wise
disclosure of information, threat of : 12.1.1. Assessing the Threat
dismounting directories, by booting : 9.1.3.1. The mount command
Distfile : 9.6.1. rdist
distributed
architecture : 7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
control : 12.1.2. Distributed Control
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servers, managing : 9.6. Managing Distributed Servers
Distributed File System (DFS) : 3.7.1. File Sharing
distributing public keys : 12.6. Encryption
dividing problem into manageable pieces : 11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
DMBDEF variable : E.4.4. The sendmail K Command
dmesg command : 6.1.1. Determining the Interface Name
DNS (Domain Name Service)
1.7. Application Layer
3.1. Names and Addresses
3.3. Domain Name Service
(see also name service)
benefits of
3.3. Domain Name Service
3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
querying : 10.7.1. Modifying Local Information
starting : 5.4. The Internet Daemon
docs/warnings file : 12.4.3.1. COPS
documentation
historical, of problems : 11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
using : 4.6. Informing the Users
domain
1.7. Application Layer
(see also domain)
administration
3.3.4. BIND, resolver, and named
8.1. BIND: UNIX Name Service
contacting : 13.6. The White Pages

allocating : (see Network Information Center)
creating : 3.3.2. Creating Domains and Subdomains
downloading an entire : 8.4. Using nslookup
entry, in resolv.conf : 8.2.1. The Resolver Configuration File
hierarchy
3.3.1. The Domain Hierarchy
8.1. BIND: UNIX Name Service
name (dn)
3.3.3. Domain Names
4. Getting Started
application form : 4.4.1. Obtaining a Domain Name
fully qualified : 3.3.3. Domain Names
in NIS : 9.3. Network Information Service
obtaining : 4.4.1. Obtaining a Domain Name
parameter : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
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name servers : 4.2.1.1. Assigning host addresses
parameter : 9.4. A BOOTP Server
organizational : 3.3.1. The Domain Hierarchy
DOMAIN macro (in sendmail) : E.3. m4 sendmail Macros
Domain Name Pointer records : (see PTR resource records)
Domain Name Service : (see DNS)
DOMAIN source file (in sendmail)
E.3.2. FEATURE
E.3.4. DOMAIN
mail relay defines, listed : E.3.4. DOMAIN

domain/named.root : 11.6.3. Cache corruption
domainname command : 9.3. Network Information Service
domaintable database : 10.7.1. Modifying Local Information
dots (..) for domain name : C.3.1. Standard Resource Records
dotted decimal notation : 2.3. Subnets
ds.internic.net : 13.4. Retrieving RFCs
dummy interface : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration
dump : 7.7.2. Testing the Configuration
dynamic
assignment of addresses
3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
4.2.1.1. Assigning host addresses
automatic under DHCP : 9.5. DHCP
circumstances favoring : 4.3. Planning Routing
routing : 7.1. Common Routing Configurations
routing table : 4.3. Planning Routing
Dynamic DNS : 3.6.1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol : (see DHCP)
dynamic-bootp flag : D.3.2. Configuration Parameters
dynamic-bootp-lease-cutoff parameter : 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
dynamic-bootp-lease-length parameter : 9.5.1. dhcpd.conf
dynamically allocated ports : 2.7.3. Sockets

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[ Library Home | DNS & BIND | TCP/IP | sendmail | sendmail Reference | Firewalls | Practical Security ]

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Index: E
Echo Message
1.5.2. Internet Control Message Protocol
7.2. The Minimal Routing Table
edit FYIs (For Your Information) : 13.7. Summary
edu domain : 3.3.1. The Domain Hierarchy
EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol)
2.4. Internet Routing Architecture
7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
neighbors : 7.5.1. Exterior Gateway Protocol
statement (in gated) : B.8.6. The egp Statement
EHLO command, in ESMTP
3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
10.8. Testing sendmail.cf
email (electronic mail)
1.7. Application Layer
(see also mail, servers; addresses)
delivering : 1.7. Application Layer
for file transfers : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
growing importance of : 9.7.2. IMAP Server
for RFCs : 13.4.1. Retrieving RFCs by mail
emergencies : (see disaster recovery plans)
encapsulation : 1.3. TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
of datagrams : 1.4. Network Access Layer

of mail messages : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
encoding
data : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
text
3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
12.6. Encryption
encryption
4.2.1. Obtaining an IP Address
6.3.4. PPP Daemon Security
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12.6. Encryption
multipart subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
uses for : 12.6. Encryption
end systems : (see hosts)
end-to-end
data encryption : 12.6. Encryption
routes
2.5. The Routing Table
3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
7.5.2. Border Gateway Protocol
B.10. Control Statements
enriched text subtype : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
enterprise
networks : 4.1. Connected and Non-Connected Networks
subnets : 5.2. Linux Kernel Configuration

enterpriseSpecific trap : 11.9. Simple Network Management Protocol
equal-cost multi-path routing : 7.4.3. Open Shortest Path First
equivalent hosts : 12.2.5. Secure the r Commands
error
correction, not provided in SLIP : 6.2.1. The Serial Protocols
detection
1.5.1. Internet Protocol
11.8. Protocol Case Study
end-to-end : 1.6. Transport Layer
human : 11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
messages
passing to user : 10.6.2. Transforming the Address
in troubleshooting
11.1.1. Troubleshooting Hints
11.3. Testing Basic Connectivity
recovery : 1.5.1. Internet Protocol
ESMTP (Extended SMTP)
3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
10.8. Testing sendmail.cf
private extensions to : 3.4.3. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ESTABLISHED state : B.8.5. The bgp Statement
/etc directory
/etc/aliases file
3.4.1. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
9.3. Network Information Service
/etc/aspppd.cf file : 6.3.6. Solaris PPP

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