anken
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Organic Chemistry
4
th
Edition
Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Chapter 3
Alkenes:
Structures, Nomenclature, and
an Introduction to Reactivity
Thermodynamics
and Kinetics
Irene Lee
Case Western Reserve University
Cleveland, OH
©2004, Prentice Hall
Hydrocarbons containing double bonds
C C
double bond
the functional group
center of reactivity
Alkenes
Noncyclic alkene:
C
n
H
2n
Cyclic alkene:
C
n
H
2n–2
Molecular Formula of Alkene
CH
3
CH
2
=CH
2
Systematic Nomenclature of Alkenes
•
Longest continuous chain containing the
functional group
•
Cite the substituents in alphabetical order
•
Name with the lowest functional group number and
then the lowest substituent numbers
•
No numbering of the functional group is needed in
a cyclic alkene
Special Nomenclatures
Structure of Alkene
Isomers of Alkene
Dipole Moments of Alkene Isomers
Conversion of alkene isomers requires breaking of
the π bond between the two sp
2
carbons
Cis-Trans Interconversion in Vision
E and Z isomers
Naming by the E,Z System
Rule 1: Consider the atomic number of the
atoms bonded directly to a specific sp
2
carbon.
