Index

Index terms

Links

A
Activated sludge reactor

8.1

aeration tank balance

8.5

8.6

biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

8.1

8.41

food to microorganism ratio

8.4

hydraulic retention time

8.2

oxygen requirements

8.3

reactor volume

8.4

return activate sludge

8.4

sludge quantity wasted

8.2

volume of suspended solids (VSS)

8.2

wasted-activated sludge

8.4

Aerated grit chamber design

8.16

air supply required


8.18

grit chamber dimensions

8.18

grit chamber volume

8.16

quantity of grit expected

8.18

Aerial photogrammetry

5.39

elevation of a point

5.45

flying height and scale

5.39

ground distance

5.41


height of a structure

5.41

with oblique photograph

5.48

with overlapping photographs

5.45

5.43

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

I.1


I.2

Index terms

Links

Aerial photogrammetry (Continued)
with tilted photograph

5.43


with vertical photograph

5.39

Aerobic digester design

8.12

daily volume of sludge

8.13

digester volume

8.15

oxygen and air requirements

8.14

required VSS reduction

8.14

volume of digested sludge

8.14

Air-lift pumps, selection of
disadvantages of

Allowable-stress design

7.9
7.11
1.115
1.137

Alternative proposals, cost comparisons of

9.24

Altitude of star

5.11

Anaerobic digester design

8.41

BOD entering digester

8.41

daily quantity of volatile solids

8.43

percent stabilization

8.43


required volume and loading

8.42

volume of methane produced

8.43

Analysis of business operations

9.63

dynamic programming in

9.67

linear programming in

9.63

optimal inventory level

9.69

project planning using CPM/PERT

9.77

Arch, reactions of three-hinged


1.14

Archimedes' principle

6.3

Area of tract

5.4

Astronomy, field

1.116

8.44

9.64

1.15

5.11

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

1.136


I.3


Index terms

Links

Average-end-area method

5.10

Average-grade method

5.25

5.11

Axial load:
and bending

1.45

deformation caused by

1.28

notational system for

1.27

in steel beam column

1.111


in braced frame

1.51

1.61

2.19

2.20

1.151

in steel hanger

1.28

stress caused by impact load

1.32

(see also Stress(es) and strain: axial)
Axial member, design load in

1.110

Axial shortening of loaded column

1.139


Azimuth of star

5.11

B
Balanced design:
of prestressed-concrete beam

2.52

of reinforced-concrete beam

2.3

of reinforced-concrete column

2.33

Basins, rapid-mix and flocculation

8.26

Beaches, work required to clean oil-polluted

4.48

Beam(s):
bearing plates for

1.164


bending stress in

1.41

and axial force

1.95

with intermittent lateral support

1.89

jointly supporting a load

1.62

with reduced allowable stress

1.90

in riveted plate girder

1.98

in welded plate girder

1.99

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.



I.4

Index terms

Links

Beam(s): (Continued)
(see also Bending moment)
biaxial bending

1.154

column (see Beam column)
compact and non-compact

1.138

composite action of

1.161

composite steel-and-concrete
highway bridge

2.90
5.54

composite steel-and-timber


1.46

compound

1.45

concentrated load on

1.42

concrete slab

1.144

1.161

conjugate

1.57

continuous

1.55

5.51

of prestressed concrete

2.78


of reinforced concrete

2.14

2.30

of steel

1.95

1.122

deflection of
design moment
economic section of

1.55
1.144
1.88

lateral torsional buckling

1.145

lightest section to support load

1.148

minor- and major-axis bending in


1.141

with moving loads

1.69

on movable supports

1.44

orientation of

1.89

1.148

prestressed concrete (see Prestressed-concrete beam)
reinforced concrete (see Reinforced-concrete beam)
shape: properties of
shear and bending moment in

1.138
1.42

1.61

shear, in concrete:

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.



I.5

Index terms

Links

Beam(s): (Continued)
connectors for

1.162

force

1.161

shear, in steel:
center of

1.49

flow

1.48

on yielding support

1.61


shear strength

1.142

of beam web

1.163

shearing stress in

1.48

statically indeterminate

1.61

strength: for minor- and major-axis bending

1.163
1.96

1.141

steel (see Steel beam)
stiffener plates for

1.142

timber (see Timber beam)
theorem of three moments


1.64

vertical shear in

1.41

web

1.163

welded section

1.142

web stiffeners for

1.142

wood (see Timber beam)
Beam column:
axial load on
and compression member

1.151
2.32

in braced frame

1.150


first- and second-order moments in

1.152

flexure and compression combined

1.150

pile group as

1.54

soil prism as

1.53

steel

1.111

1.134

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

1.97


I.6


Index terms

Links

Beam connection:
eccentric load on

1.84

on pile group.

1.55

on riveted connection

1.84

on welded connection

1.87

riveted moment

1.172

semirigid

1.171

of truss members


1.169

welded flexible

1.175

welded moment

1.178

welded seated

1.176

Beam web, shear strength of

1.163

Bearing plate, for beam

1.164

Bending flat plate

1.50

1.87

1.51


Bending moment:
in bridge truss

1.74

in column footing

2.41

for compression members

2.36

in concrete girders in T-beam bridge

5.51

5.52

diagram

1.42

1.45

1.61

1.93


1.96

1.62
for beam column

1.111

for combined footing

2.43

for steel beam

1.91

for welded plate girder

1.100

in prestressed-concrete beam

2.53

in reinforced-concrete beam

2.4

compression member

2.36


in steel beam

1.41

continuous

1.95

for most economic section

1.88

1.43

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.7

Index terms

Links

Bending moment: (Continued)
equation for

1.63

by moment distribution


1.65

and shear in

1.42

on yielding support for

1.61

and theorem of three moments

1.63

in three-hinged arch

1.14

in welded plate girder

1.97

1.76

Bending stress:
and axial load

1.45


1.51

1.61

in beam

1.41

1.98

1.99

and axial force

1.95

with intermittent lateral support

1.89

jointly supporting a load

1.62

with reduced allowable stress

1.90

in riveted plate girder


1.98

1.102

in welded plate girder

1.99

1.102

in curved member

1.53

(see also Bending moment)
Benefit-cost analysis

9.61

Bernoulli's theorem

6.8

Biogas plants

8.51

Bioremediation cleanup of waste sites

4.42


6.9

activated carbon polishing for

4.46

alternative treatment technologies

4.37

best demonstrated available technology (BDAT)

4.47

biological land treatment

4.42

bioreactors for

4.43

bioslurry reactor

4.44

bioventing

4.43


4.44

combined remediation systems

4.44

4.45

4.45

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.8

Index terms

Links

Bioremediation cleanup of waste sites (Continued)
comparison of biological treatment technologies

4.42

cost of treatment

4.45

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8015M


4.42

financial analysis of alternative technologies

4.42

gasoline in

4.42

groundwater cleanup

4.45

petroleum hydrocarbons in

4.42

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

4.47

polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

4.47

Research Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

4.42


sludge in

4.42

Bioventing, in soil cleanup
Boat, stability with upsetting moment

4.43
3.10

Borda's formula for head loss

6.17
4.6

Bracing, diagonal

1.195

Branching pipes

6.18

Bridge filter sizing, traveling grate

8.23

Bridge truss


1.70

Bridge(s), highway

5.50

composite steel-and-concrete beam
bridge
concrete T-beam
Buckingham's pi theorem

4.46

4.47
4.44

6.6

Bolted splice design
Boussinesq equation

4.43

4.7
6.19
1.74

2.90
5.54
5.51

6.28

Bulkhead:
anchored analysis of

4.18

cantilever analysis of

4.17

thrust on

4.16

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

5.50


I.9

Index terms
Buoyancy

Links
6.2

Archimedes' principle in determining


6.3

center of

6.6

metacentric height and

6.6

Business operations, analysis of

9.63

dynamic programming in

9.67

linear programming in

9.63

optimal inventory level

9.69

project planning using CPM/PERT

9.77


Butt splice

6.7

1.81

C
Cable(s):
catenary

1.18

with concentrated load

1.15

parabolic

1.17

Cantilever bulkhead analysis

4.17

Cantilever retaining wall

2.46

Cantilever wind-stress analysis


1.17

1.30

6.63

6.49

1.188

Capacity-reduction factor

2.4

Capital, recovery of

9.8

Cardboard, corrugated, in municipal waste

4.34

Cash flow calculations

9.14

Celestial sphere

5.12


Centrifugal pump(s)

6.36

cavitation-free operation of

6.40

characteristic curves for series installation

6.30

6.31

cost reduction for:
maintenance for

6.52

energy consumption and loss

6.81

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.10

Index terms


Links

Centrifugal pump(s) (Continued)
driver speed

6.36

energy cost reduction

6.83

as hydraulic turbines

6.73

applications for

6.77

cavitation potential in

6.74

constant-speed curves

6.76

converting turbine to pump conditions

6.74


number of stages of

6.74

performance and flow rate

6.75

specific speed of

6.74

impellers

6.40

6.40

6.41

6.50

6.53

6.78
shape of

6.40


size of

6.78

maintenance costs, reducing

6.52

materials and parts selection

6.47

minimum safe flow

6.63

optimal operating speed

6.40

ratings table for

6.51

parts, selection of materials for

6.47

reverse flow, prevention of


6.35

for safety-service

6.78

seals, mechanical

6.52

selection of

6.49

for any system

6.47

best operating speed

6.40

most common error in

6.78

for pumping viscous liquid

6.64


for reduced cost

6.81

similarity or affinity laws and

6.36

6.83
6.72

6.72

6.37

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.11

Index terms

Links

Centrifugal pump(s) (Continued)
specific-speed considerations for

6.38

shaft deflection and critical speed


6.66

6.67

similarity or affinity laws

6.36

6.37

type, by specific speed

6.41

and vapor free liquid

6.47

calculation of total head

6.42

and viscous fluids:
applications for

6.66

correction factors


6.64

power required

6.64

selection for

6.64

Centrifuge, solid-bowl, for dewatering

8.18

Centroid of area

1.22

6.65

6.69

4.42

4.43

Channel:
nonuniform flow in

6.23


uniform flow in

6.19

Chlorination for wastewater disinfection

8.44

capacity requirements

8.45

coliform reduction in effluent

8.44

Circular settling tank design

8.8

number of tanks

8.9

peak flow

8.8

surface area


8.8

Cleanup technology: soil

4.36

available treatments

4.36

exposure assessment

4.36

financial analysis of alternatives

4.40

health-risk assessment

4.36

incineration

4.35

for oil-polluted beaches

4.48


4.40

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.12

Index terms

Links

Cleanup technology: soil (Continued)
risk characterization

4.39

selection of

4.36

Clothoid

5.10

Coastal oil pollution: beaches

4.48

Column(s):

base

1.181

grillage type

1.183

reinforced-concrete (see Reinforced-concrete column)
steel (see Steel column)
timber

3.6

Combined bending and axial loading

1.45

Communicating vessels, discharge between

6.24

Composite mechanisms, theorem of

1.127

Composite member, thermal effects in

1.39


Composite steel-and-concrete beam

2.90

highway bridge
Composite steel-and-concrete column
Composite steel-and-timber beam
Composition of soil

3.7

5.54
1.159
1.46
4.2

Compound shaft, analysis of

1.40

Compression index

4.26

Compression member design:
by ultimate-strength method

2.32

by working-stress method


2.36

Compression test:
triaxial
unconfined
Concordant trajectory
Concrete slab, composite action of

4.10
4.8
2.81
1.161

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.13

Index terms
Concrete, modulus of elasticity of

Links
1.157

1.160

Concrete, prestressed (see Prestressed concrete beam(s))
Concrete, reinforced (see Reinforced concrete beam(s))
Conjugate-beam method


1.57

Connection:
beam-to-column (see Beam connection)
horizontal shear resisting

1.98

pipe joint

1.82

riveted

1.98

semirigid

1.161

1.162

1.172

1.171

timber

3.8


welded

1.78

1.86

1.87

1.140

1.144

1.175

Connectors, shear

1.162

Contaminants, soil (see Soil: contaminated)
Contaminated waste cleanup (see Cleanup technology)
Continuity, equation of

6.8

Converse-Labarre equation

4.29

Copper wire, in municipal wastes


4.34

Cost vs. benefit analysis

9.61

Coulomb's theory

4.13

4.35

Cover plates:
for highway girder

5.54

for plate girder

1.97

for rolled section

1.97

Critical depth of fluid flow

6.20


Critical-path method (CPM) in project planning

9.77

Culmination of star

5.14

Curve:
circular

5.14

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.14

Index terms

Links

Curve: (Continued)
compound
double meridian

5.18
5.4

horizontal


5.18

sight

5.31

transition

5.20

vertical

5.31

Cylindrical shaft, torsion of

5.5

1.40

D
Darcy-Weisbach formula

6.14

Declination of star

5.13


Deflection:
of beam

1.55

of cantilever frame

1.59

conjugate-beam method

1.57

double-integration method

1.55

moment-area method

2.66

under moving loads

1.78

of prestressed-concrete beam

2.66

of reinforced-concrete beam


2.30

unit-load method

1.58

virtual
Deformation of built-up member
Degree of saturation
Department of Energy (DOE)
Departure of line
Depreciation and depletion

2.32

1.119
1.28
4.2
6.85
5.2
9.15

accounting for

9.23

combination

9.18


constant-unit use

9.19

9.21

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.15

Index terms

Links

Depreciation and depletion (Continued)
declining-balance

9.18

income from

9.23

sinking-fund

9.17

9.18


9.23

9.16

9.31

9.31
straight-line

9.15

sum-of-the-digits

9.21

taxes and earnings

9.22

unit method

9.24

Depth factor

3.3

Dewatering of sludge


8.19

Differential leveling

5.8

Digester, wastewater sludge:
aerobic system design

8.12

anaerobic system design

8.41

Dimensional analysis
Buckingham's pi theorem in

6.27
6.28

Disinfection of wastewater, chlorinated

8.44

Displacement of truss joint

1.31

Distance:

double meridian
sight
Double-integration method

5.4

5.5

5.31
1.55

Dowels:
in column footing

1.157

in retaining wall

1.165

Drainage pump, flow through
Drawdown in gravity wells

6.11
7.1

recovery

7.6


Dummy pile

4.34

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.16

Index terms
Dupuit formula in gravity well analysis

Links
7.2

7.4

E
Earth thrust:
on bulkhead

4.16

on retaining wall

4.13

on timbered trench

4.14


Earthwork requirements
Economics of soil cleanup methods

5.10
4.1

Economics, engineering (see Engineering economics)
Effluent (see Sanitary sewer system design)
Elastic design

1.115

Elastic supports, reactions at

1.29

Elasticity, modulus of

1.27
1.60

Embankment, stability of

4.20

Endowment fund, allowance for inflation

9.46


Engineering economics

9.4

alternative proposals

9.24

annual cost, after-tax basis

9.36

annual cost of asset

9.25

annual-cost studies

9.27

asset replacement

9.38

capitalized cost

9.33

cost and income


9.26

equipment replacement

9.29

manufacturing break-even point

9.28

minimum asset life

9.26

nonuniform operating costs

9.28

present worth of future costs of an installation

9.32

analysis of business operations

1.40

9.127

9.27


9.63

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

1.57


I.17

Index terms

Links

Engineering economics (Continued)
dynamic programming in

9.67

linear programming in

9.63

optimal inventory level

9.69

project planning using CPM/PERT

9.77


capital recovery
depreciation and depletion

9.8
9.15

accelerated cost recovery

9.16

accounting for

9.23

combined methods

9.18

constant-unit use

9.19

declining-balance

9.18

declining-unit-use

9.20


effects of inflation

9.43

equivalent sums

9.21

9.9

income from

9.23

sinking-fund

9.17
9.31

9.18

9.23

straight-line

9.15

9.16

9.31


sum-of-the-digits

9.21

taxes and earnings

9.22

unit method

9.24

evaluation of investments

9.46

allocation of capital

9.49

apparent rates of return

9.56

average rate of return

9.56

benefit-cost analysis


9.61

corporate bonds

9.48

economic level of investment

9.54

investment at an intermediate date

9.59

investment-rate calculations

9.49

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.18

Index terms

Links

Engineering economics (Continued)
payback period


9.59

premium worth method

9.46

true rate of return

9.57

inflation, effects of

9.43

anticipated

9.45

at constant rate

9.43

on endowment fund

9.46

on present worth of costs

9.44


on replacement cost

9.43

at variable rate

9.43

interest calculations

9.4

compound

9.6

effective rate

9.8

simple

9.6

nonuniform series

9.10

optimal product mix


9.65

perpetuity determination

9.9

present worth

9.4

of continuous cash flow of uniform rate

9.14

of costs in inflationary period

9.44

of future costs of installation

9.32

of single payment
of uniform-gradient series
of uniform series
probability

9.7
9.12

9.8
9.86

sinking fund, principal in

9.7

sinking-fund deposit

9.7

statistics and probability

9.7

9.80

arithmetic mean and median

9.80

binomial distribution

9.87

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

9.8



I.19

Index terms

Links

Engineering economics (Continued)
decision making

9.98

of failure

9.106

of false null hypothesis

9.100

forecasting with a Markov process

9.123

Monte Carlo simulation of commercial activity

9.117

negative-exponential distribution

9.93


normal distribution

9.50

number of ways of assigning work

9.83

optimal inventory

9.115

Pascal distribution

9.88

permutations, and combinations

9.84

perpetuity determination

9.9

Poisson distribution

9.89

population mean


9.97

sales forecasting by linear regression

9.120

of sequence of events

9.86

series of trials

9.86

standard deviation

9.80

standard deviation from regression line
uniform series
of unsatisfactory shipment
Enlargement of pipe

9.122
9.89

9.11

9.102

6.17

6.23

Equilibrant of force system

1.5

1.7

Equilibrium, equations of

1.5

Equipotential line

4.4

Environmental pollution (see Pollution, environmental)

Equivalent-beam method
Euler equation, for column strength
Evaluation of investments
Eyebar design

4.18
1.104
9.46
1.167


This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

6.43


I.20

Index terms

Links

F
Fatigue loading

1.110

Field astronomy

5.11

Fixed-end moment

1.64

Flexural analysis

1.5

allowable-stress design


1.115

load and resistance factor design

1.136

1.136

ultimate-stress design

2.3

2.32

working-stress design

2.18

2.36

Flocculation and rapid-mix basin

8.26

Flow line of soil mass

4.4

Flow net


4.4

Flowing liquid, power of
Fluid flow

6.12
6.7

(see also Pump(s) and piping systems)
Fluid mechanics
Francis equation in fluid discharge
hydrostatics
in pipes, flow determination for
incompressible fluids, mechanics of
laminar flow
of incompressible fluids

6.2
6.12
6.2
6.16
6.7
6.13
6.7

power of flowing

6.12

raindrop, velocity of


6.27

specific energy of mass of

6.20

stability of vessel in
viscosity
Flying height for aerial photographs

6.13

6.6
6.67
5.39

Footing:
combined

2.43

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.

1.137


I.21

Index terms


Links

Footing: (Continued)
isolated square

2.42

settlement of

4.27

sizing by Housel's method

4.28

stability of

4.24

Force polygon

1.9

Force system, graphical analysis of

1.5

Force, hydrostatic


6.2

Francis equation for fluid discharge

6.12

Freyssinet cables

2.72

Friction, static

1.10

6.13

1.7

G
Gasoline, cleanup of waste site containing

4.43

General wedge theory

4.14

Geometric properties of an area

1.24


Girder(s):
plate

1.88

posttensioned, design of

2.71

steel plate

1.97

T-beam

2.27

wood-plywood

5.50

3.4

Graphical analysis:
of cable with concentrated loads
of force system

1.15
1.5


of pile group

4.29

of plane truss

1.7

Gravity wells

7.1

applications for

7.3

base pressure curve

7.3

This page has been reformatted by Knovel to provide easier navigation.


I.22

Index terms

Links


Gravity wells (Continued)
discharging type
"Green" products, in reducing pollution
Grillage, as column support

7.4
4.36
1.183

Grit chamber, aerated

8.16

air supply required

8.18

chamber dimensions

8.18

chamber volume

8.16

quantity of grit expected

8.18

Groundwater:

cleanup

4.45

4.46

and drawdown of gravity well

7.2

7.17

and ground surface

7.3

Gusset plate analysis

1.169

H
Hanger, steel

1.168

Head (pumps and piping):
capacity:
variable-speed

6.50


rotary pump ranges

6.54

computation of

6.53

6.47

curves:
plotting for

6.55

system head

6.31

types of
effect of change in
headless

6.32

6.8
6.36
6.11


6.14

6.16

6.23

6.43

7.11
Borda's formula for

6.17

from pipe enlargement

6.17

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I.23

Index terms

Links

Head (pumps and piping): (Continued)
table for

6.46


in hot-liquid pumps

6.61

lift vs. friction

6.56

in parallel pumping

6.34

pressure loss (see head loss, above)
in pump selection

6.47

for vapor free liquid

6.42

weir, variation on

6.25

Health-risk assessment, for waste sites

4.39


Highway(s):
bridge design

5.50

transition spiral

5.20

volume of earthwork

5.10

Hoop stress

1.35

Hot-liquid pumps, suction head in

6.61

Housel's method

4.28

Hydraulic gradient
in quicksand conditions
Hydraulic jump

4.3


6.16

4.3
6.22

and power loss

6.29

Hydraulic radius

6.16

Hydraulic similarity

6.29

6.29

Hydraulic turbines:
centrifugal pumps as

6.73

applications for

6.77

cavitation in


6.74

constant-speed curves

6.76

converting turbine to pump conditions

6.74

number of stages of

6.74

performance and flow rate

6.75

6.75

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I.24

Index terms

Links


Hydraulic turbines: (Continued)
specific speed of
Hydro power
small-scale generating sites

6.74
6.84
6.84

"clean" energy from

6.86

DOE cost estimates for

6.85

Francis turbine in

6.84

generating capacity

6.84

tail-water level

6.85

6.87


6.90

6.86

turbines:
design of

6.74

efficiency and load sharing

6.86

Francis turbine

6.84

performance, by type

6.88

tube and bulb type

6.86

Hydrocarbons, petroleum, cleanup of

6.86


6.87

6.86

4.42

Hydroelectric power (see Hydro power)
Hydropneumatic storage tank sizing
Hydrostatics

6.72
6.2

Archimedes principle

6.3

buoyancy and flotation

6.2

hydrostatic force

6.2

on curved surface

6.5

on plane surface


6.3

pressure prism

6.4

stability of vessel

6.6

6.4

Hydroturbines:
designs for

6.74

6.86

efficiency and load sharing

6.86

Francis turbine

6.84

6.86


performance characteristics

6.75

6.88

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6.87


I.25

Index terms

Links

Hydroturbines: (Continued)
in small generating sites

6.84

tube and bulb type

6.86

I
Impact load, axial stress and
Incompressible fluids, mechanics of


1.32
6.7

Bernoulli's theorem

6.8

dimensional analysis

6.27

equation of continuity

6.8

Inertia, product of

1.26

Inflation, effects of

9.43

anticipated

9.45

at constant rate

9.43


on endowment fund

9.46

on present worth of costs

9.44

on replacement cost

9.43

at variable rate

9.43

6.9

Influence line:
for bridge truss

1.70

for three-hinged arch

1.76

Initial yielding


1.97

Interaction diagram

2.32

Inventory, optimal level of

9.69

Investments, evaluation of

9.46

Irrigation, solar-powered pumps in

6.90

1.74

J
Joints, method of

1.11

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