TOPIC : VOLUNTEER WORK
A. VOCABULARY:
1. assistance [ə'sistəns] (n) sự giúp đỡ
2. be fired (v) bị phạt
3. behave [bi'heiv] (v) cư xử
4. bend [bent∫] (v) uốn cong, cúi xuống
5. charity ['t∫æriti] (n) tổ chức từ thiện
6. comfort ['kʌmfət] (n) sự an ủi
7. co-operate [kou'ɔpəreit] (v) hợp tác
8. co-ordinate [kou'ɔ:dineit] (v) phối hợp
9. desert ['dezət] (v) bỏ đi
10. diary ['daiəri] (n) nhật ký
11. direct [di'rekt] (v) điều khiển
12. disadvantaged [,disəd'vɑ:ntidʒd] (a) bất

18. instruction [in'strʌk∫n] (n) chỉ dẫn,
19. intersections [,intə'sek∫n] (n) giao lộ
20. martyr ['mɑ:tə] (n) liệt sỹ
21. mow [mou] (v) cắt
22. natural disaster ['næt∫rəl di'zɑ:stə]

(n) thiên tai
23. orphanage ['ɔ:fənidʒ] (n) trại mồ côi
24. overcome [,ouvə'kʌm] (v) vượt qua
25. park [pɑ:k] (v) đậu xe
26. participate in [pɑ:'tisipeit] (v) tham
gia
27. receipt [ri'si:t] (n) biên nhận
hạnh
28. remote [ri'mout] (a) xa xôi, hẻo lánh
13. donate [dou'neit] (v) tặng

29. voluntarily [vɔlənt(ə)rili] (adv) 1
-> donation [dou'nei∫n] (n) khoản tặng/đóng
cách tình nguyện
góp
-> voluntary ['vɔləntri] (a) tình nguyện
-> donor ['dounə] (n) người cho/tặng
-> volunteer [,vɔlən'tiə](n) tình nguyện
14. fire extinguisher ['faiə iks'tiηgwi∫ə] (n)
viên
bình chữa cháy
-> volunteer (v) tình nguyện, xung
15. fund-raising [fʌnd 'reiziη] (a) gây quỹ
phong
GRAMMAR: PARTICIPLES VS. GERUNDS
1- Participle có ba dạng, đó là:
- The present participle (hiện tại phân từ Ving)
- The past participle (quá khứ phân từ V3/ed)
- The perfect participle. (Hoàn thành phân từ Having+ V3/ed)
a) The present participle: (Ving) The present participle là một participle có dạng
Ving. Nó thường được dùng kèm với to be để hình thành dạng thì tiếp diễn.
Eg: I am learning English. We were running through the woods.
Note: present participle còn được dùng như một tính từ:
Eg: I am a working woman. (working ở đây đóng vai trò là một tính từ)
Dạng của Present participle gần giống như Gerund. Nhưng Gerund được sử
dụng như một danh từ, Present participle được sử dụng như một động từ hoặc
một tính từ.
b) The past participle: (V3/ed) The past participle dùng để chỉ ra một hành động
đã kết thúc hoặc hoàn tất vào một thời gian trong quá khứ. Nó thường được gọi
là dạng "ed" nếu động từ gốc là động từ theo quy tắc, tuy nhiên nó cũng được
cấu tạo từ rất nhiều cách của các động từ bất quy tắc. Eg: I have learnt English.

(learnt là một phần của cụm have learnt )
- Nó còn được dùng trong thể bị động: Eg: Her hair was well brushed.
- Nó còn được dùng như một tính từ: Eg: He had a broken arm. (Broken vai trò một
tính từ)
c) The perfect participle:
- Công thức: HAVING +V3/ed + . . . ., S + V2/ed . . .
- Cách dùng: The perfect participle chỉ một hành động thứ nhất đã hoàn tất liền
trước một hành động thứ hai diễn ra ở quá khứ. Sự việc thứ hai là kết quả của
sự việc thứ nhất (chú ý chủ ngữ của hai động từ phải cùng nghĩa)
Eg: We had switched off the lights before we went to bed.
B.

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-> Having switched off the lights, we went to bed.
- Ở thế phủ định NOT đứng trước HAVING+ V3/ed
Eg: when she didn’t see the key, she looked for it.=> Not having seen the key, she
looked for it.

Note: A perfect participle (present participle, past participle): dùng để lượt bớt chủ
ngữ trong câu trong trường 2 chủ ngữ đó là cùng 1 người hay 1 vật, hành đồng nào
xảy ra trước thì ta dùng perfect participle trong mệnh đề đó.
Eg: Having sat all day in the tower, the lifeguard left to find a cold drink
= The lifeguard had sat all day in the tower, he left to find a cold drink
2- Gerund and perfect gerund:
2.1.
Gerund (Động danh từ- Ving):
Cấu tạo của động danh từ: động từ + ing (Ving)
- Cách sử dụng của Gerund (xem unit

3) Exercise: Chọn dạng đúng của
động từ sau:
1. The teacher decided (accepting/to accept) the paper.
2. They appreciate (to have/having) this information.
3. His father doesn’t approve of his (going/ to go) to Europe.
4. We found it very difficult (reaching/ to reach) a decision.
5. Donna is interested in (to open/opening) a bar.
6. George has no intention of (to leave/leaving) the city now.
7. We are eager (to return/returning) to school in the fall.
8. We would be better off (to buy/ buying) this car.
9. She refused (to accept/ accepting) the gift.
10. Mary regrets (to be/being) the one to have to tell him.
2.2. Perfect Gerund (Động danh từ hoàn thành- HAVING +V3/ed): Trong một số ngữ
cảnh rất khó mà xác định được khi nào là perfect gerund và khi nào là perfect
parcitiple vì hình thức của chúng giống nhau. Chúng ta sử dụng perfect gerund khi
muốn đề cập đến một hành động trong quá khứ ( chỉ hồi ức) và chức năng là 1cụm
danh từ, do đó nó đứng vị trí của 1 chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ
HAVING +V3/ed
+. . . . + V2/ed . . .
Eg: Having been to South Korea helped me learn the language when I took
classes.
Note: Hiểu đơn giản về dang động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành là:
- Dùng perfect gerund (having + V3/ed) khi chúng ta muốn nhấn mạnh rằng hành
động này đã hoàn thành trước 1 hành động khác. Nó giữ chức năng như cụm danh
từ
Eg: I am sorry for having made such a noise last night. (perfect gerund)
- Dùng perfect participle (having + v3/ed) cho hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động
khác ở quá khứ. Eg: Having finished my work, I went home. (perfect participle)
Notes: có thể dùng After + V_ing thay cho having done trong cấu trúc trên.
Eg: After finishing the homework, she went home

- Khi nào dùng Ving khi nào dùng Having + V3(ed): Ving và Having + V3/ed có cách
dùng cụ thể có khác nhau:
+ Nếu động từ ở mệnh đề đầu cùng thì với mệnh đề sau
thì ta dùng Ving.
Eg: When I saw the dog, I ran away. => Seeing the dog, I ran away.
+ Nếu có hành động xãy ra trước so với hành động còn lại thì ta dùng
Having + V3(ed) Eg : When I had seen the dog, I ran away. => Having
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C. PRACTICE TEST
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the

others.
1. A. wholy
B. wrap
C. write
D. who
2. A. flood
B. good
D. look
C. foot
3. A. mountain
B. country
C. drought
D. hour
4. A. university
B. student
C. volunteer
D.

museum
5. A. handicapped
B. advantaged
C. organized
D.
raised
II. Choose the one word or phrase - A, B, C, or D - that best completes the
sentences.
6. The boys were taken
a fishing trip last weekend.
A. in
B. to
C. on
D. for
7. She frequently volunteers extra work because she really likes her job.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. in
8. We hope that students themselves will enjoy taking part the projects.
A. in
B. on
C. at
D. for
9. He volunteered his
as a driver.

A.

job


B. work

C. service

A.

volunteer

B. volunteered

C. voluntary

A.

supported

B. suffered

C. left

10. All the teachers work on an entirely basis.

11. They volunteer to take care of children who have been
12. It's filthy' in here! Are there any volunteers to help ?

D. help
D. voluntarily
_ by the AIDS epidemic.
D. orphaned


B. clean up
C. clear up
D. take up
his disability to achieve some business success.
A. overcame
B. destroyed
C. overwhelmed D. suffered
14. The new law allows school districts to spend more money on less
children.
A. advantageous
B. disadvantageous
C. advantaged
D.
disadvantaged
15. A lot of children participated in performances.
A. raising-fund
B. fundraising C. fundraise
D. funding-raise
II. Choose the word or phrase - A, B, C, or D - that best completes the sentence.
16. I'm sure it's not my fault that Peter found out what we were
planning. I don't remember
anyone about it.
A. to tell
B. being told
C. having told
D. to be told
17. The charity is appealing for volunteers elderly patients to and from hospital.
A. to take
B. taking

C. taken
D. who take
18. The building
the earthquake but then by a fire.
A. was survived - destroyed
B. survived - was destroyed
C. survived - destroyed
D. was survived - was destroyed
19.
by the boys' behaviour, she complained to the head teacher.
A. She annoyed
B. Annoyed
C. She was annoyed D. Annoying
20. 'Wait a minute,' said Frank, through the door.
A. run
B. runs
C. running
D. ran
21.
a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
A. Finding
B. We found
C. Found
D. Having fauna
22. The children enjoyed
on fishing .trips.
A. taking
B. to be taken
C. being taken D. having taken
23. Stacey seems like a bright student. She's always the first her work.

A. to finish
B. finishing
C. being finished D. to be finished
24. We were shocked to hear the news of your .
A. having fired
B. to be fired
C. having been fired D. to have been fired
A.

light up

13. He eventually

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25. I think I hear someone _ the back window. Do you hear it, too?
A.

trying open

B. trying to open C. try opening

D. try to open

III. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be

corrected.

26. When I was sick with the flu, my mother made me to eat soup and rest in bed.

A.

with

B. the flu

C. to eat

D. in

27. Having lived here for seven years, my friend is used to speak English with all her

classmates.
A. Having lived
B. for
C. speak
D. all her
28. To grow well, a tree must be well-suited to the area where is it planted.
A. To grow
B. must be
C. well-suited
D. is it
29. Despite modern medical technology, many diseases causing by viruses I are still not
curable.
A. Despite
B. causing
C. are still
D. not
30. We should have been informed Janis about the change in plans regarding our
weekend trip to the mountains.

A. have been informed
B. about
C. regarding
D.
weekend trip
IV. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word from the box.
governments worldwide
suffered
communitie enable emergency
nutrition developing services
quality
UNICEF means the United Nations Children's Fund. It serves children in (31)
communities all over the world. It helps children of all races, nationalities, religions,
and political systems in more than 140 (32) developing countries. The purpose of
UNICEF is to help provide better life for children and their mothers. UNICEF gives
both long-term assistance and (33) emergency help.

UNICEF was created in 1946 to help bring food and medicine to children who (34)
sufferred during World War II in Europe. It began as a temporary agency, but
became a permanent part of the United Nations in 1953 due to the need for its (35)
services around the worlD. UNICEF's primary concern is to help governments of
developing countries improve the (36) quality of life for almost one billion children.
UNICEF's main office is in the United Nations offices in New York City, but it also has
more than 40 offices and 100 programs (37) worldwide. In 1965, UNICEF won the
Nobel Peace Prize for its work helping children and building brighter futures.
UNICEF works with (38) governments to provide three kinds of services. First,
UNICEF plans and develops programs in developing countries. These programs serve
the community by providing health care, information about (39) nutrition, basic
education, and safe water and sanitation. Then UNICEF trains people to work in
these programs. UNICEF also provides supplies and equipment that (40) enable the

programs to work.
V. Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers.
This is part of a report by the Chairman of the Charities Committee of a Club.
By Match this year, we shall have raised enough money, we hope, to buy the
equipment for the Youth Club. When we have raised the money, we are planning to go
back to the Youth Club leaders in order to discover exactly what is needed most. Plans
have been made for the Book Sale which will be held on 15th February, This means
that many of us will be spending the first two weeks of February collecting books. The
event is likely to be held in the Town Hall. If there are problems here, however, we
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hope that other Club members might come up with some alternative suggestions.
As we are proposing to sponsor a student from Africa on a three-month language
course in this country, we also intend to hold a Charity Dance in the spring. Such
events are apt to be difficult to organize, so all members of the Club are invited to
contribute or help in any way they can.
The moment I was asked if we could possibly help in some way with the new Club
for the Disabled. I said yes. As Chairman, lam bound to say that this is the sort of
social work many Club members would like to do, other than simply raising money.
We are therefore planning to ask members if they can perhaps help out 'on one
Saturday every month (on a rota basis).
Finally, by January next year the Club will have been going for twenty years, and
the Committee intend to mark this anniversary with some kind of dinner, a dance or a
party. We have already been offered (unofficially) the use of the dance all at 'The
Forest Hotel'. However, we shall be devoting one of our meetings in the near future to
full discussion on the form of the event, etc. Any suggestions will be welcome.
41. The Committee will be going back to the Youth Club leaders .
A. to ask for money in March
B. to tell them about the equipment

C. to find out what the Club needs D. to collect old books from them
42. The Committee does not yet know
.
A. when books will be collected
B. when the Book Sale will be held
C. how to get the book to the Town Hall D. where the Book Sale will take place
43. Every Club member has been asked
.
A. to help with the Charity Dance
B. to sponsor a foreign student
C. to write to an African student
D. to organize something for the Dance
44. In order to help the new Club for Disabled, members will be asked_
.
A. to raise some money
B. to make a contribution
C. if they can plan a Club program
D. to help at the Club one a month
45. There will be an event next January
.
A. because the Club has been offered 'the Forest Hotel’
B. to celebrate the Club's twentieth birthday
C. to raise money for a student from Africa
D. which will take the form of a discussion evening
VI. From the words or phrases - A, B, C or D - choose the one that best completes
the sentences.
46.
the promotion of health and to helping people avoid injury and disease.
A. To commit the Red Cross
B. The Red Cross to commit

C. Committed to the Read Cross is
D. The Red Cross is committed to
47. Although most cats hate to swim,
if necessary.

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cap they do so
B. they can do soC. they do so can D. so they can do
all matter is formed of molescutes.
A. No matter how complex
B. It doesn't matter if the complex
C. How complex is not a matter
D. It's not a complex matter
49. With a television audience of 25 billion, World Cup Soccer has ten times the Olympic
Games. A. more viewers B. the most viewers C. the most viewers D. more viewers
than
50. all citrus fruit originated with the Chinese orange.
A. That the belief
B. It is believed that C. To believe that D. The belief that
-------------------------THE END---------------------------A.

48.