Câu tường thuật :
1) Dạng 1:
S + V + người + (not) TO Inf.
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
invite (mời ), ask, tell, warn ( cảnh báo ), order ( ra lệnh ), beg ( van xin ), urge ( thúc hối) .....
Ví dụ :
"Would you like to go out with me." Said the man. => The man invited me to go out with him.
Nếu bảo ai không làm chuyện gì, thì đặt NOT trước to inf .
Don't stay up late ( đừng thức khuya nhé )
--> she reminded me not to stay up late ( cô ấy nhắc nhỡ tôi không thức khuya )
2) Dạng 2:
S + V + người + giới từ + Ving / N
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
Accuse sb of (buộc tội ai về....)
Ví dụ: you've stolen my bicycle!
--> He accused me of having stolen his bicycle ( anh ta buộc tội tôi đã ăn cắp xe đạp của anh ta )
Prevent sb from (ngăn không cho ai làm gì )
Ví dụ: I can't let you use the phone
--> My mother prevented me from using the phone ( Mẹ tôi không cho tôi dùng điện thoại )
Congratulate sb on ( chúc mừng ai về việc gì )
Blame sb for ( đổ lỗi ai về việc gì )
Blame sth on sb ( đổ tội gì cho ai )
Warn sb against ( cảnh báo ai không nên làm điều gì ) - lưu ý mẫu này không dùng not
Don't swim too far !
He warned me against swimming too far. ( anh ta cảnh báo tôi đừng bơi quá xa )
= He warned me not to swim too far
Thank sb for ( cám ơn ai về việc gì )
Criticize sb for ( phê bình ai việc gì )
3) Dạng 3:
S + V + VING
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :

Advise ( khuyên ) , suggest ( đề nghị ), Admit ( thú nhận ), deny (chối) ....
Ví dụ:
Shall we go for a swim ? ( chúng ta cùng đi bơi nhé )
--> she suggested going for a swim ( cô ấy đề nghị đi bơi )
Ví dụ:
I know I am wrong
--> he admitted being wrong ( anh ta thú nhận là mình sai )
4) Dạng 4:


S + V + to Inf.
Các động từ thường được sử dùng trong dạng này là :
promise (hứa), agree ( đồng ý ), threaten ( đe dọa), propose ( có ý định ), offer ( đề nghị giúp ai) , refuse
(từ chối) ...
Ví dụ:
- He said, “ I will kill you if you don’t do that”
=> He threatened to kill me if I did not do that.
- we'll visit you ( chúng tôi sẽ thăm bạn )
--> she promised to visit us ( cô ấy hứa thăm chúng tôi )
- let me give you a hand
--> he offered to give me a hand ( anh ấy đề nghị được giúp tôi một tay )
Bài tập:
28. “Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet?” asked Peter.
- Peter asked if .......................................................................
29. “Why didn’t I get a computer before?” thought the office manager.
-The office manager wondered............................................................
30. “You had better not lend him any more money, Elizabeth,’’ said John.
-John advised Elizabeth........................................................................
31. “You stole my best cassette, Amanda!” said John.
-John accused.......................................................................................

32. “ You damaged my bicycle, John!” said Mary.
-Mary accused......................................................................................
33. “When was your little boy born?” said the nurse to Mrs. Bingley.
-The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley...............................................................
34. “You should take more exercise, Mr. Robert,” the doctor said.
-The doctor advised................................................................................
35. “Will I find a job?”, Tim said to himself.
-Tim wondered.......................................................................................
36. “I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number,” said Paul to Susan.
-Paul apologized.....................................................................................
37. “When is the first day of your holiday, Peter?” Martha asked.
- Martha asked Peter when.....................................................................
38. “Can I have a new bicycle?” said Anna to her mother.
-Anna asked............................................................................................
39.. “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William”, his mother said.
- William’s mother told..........................................................................
40. “Don’t bite your nails,” said Mrs. Rogers to her son.
-Mrs. Rogers told....... .............................................................................
41. “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
-George said............................................................................................
42. “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, “I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car.
-Martin apologized..................................................................................
43. “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
-The landlady asked................................................................................
44. “ John, please don’t tell anyone my new address,” said Mary.


-Mary asked............................................................................................
45. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice.
-The notice said that..............................................................................

46. “Where is the best place to buy souvenirs?”
-I asked..................................................................................................
47. “Don’t forget to bring your passport with you tomorrow”
- She reminded me ................................................................................
48. “Do not write on the wall,” said the teacher to the boys.
-The teacher told the boys………………………………………..........
49. “How many jobs have you had since 2000?” the interviewer asked Mr. Simpson.
- The interviewer asked ...........................................................................
50. “Why didn’t you report the incident to the police?” the officer asked the frightened witness.
- The officer wanted to know...................................................................
Đáp án:
28. Peter asked Janet whether/ if he could borrow her typewriter.
29. The office manager wondered why he hadn’t got a computer before.
30. John advised Elizabeth not to lend him any more money.
31. John accused Amanda of stealing his best cassette.
32. Mary accused John of damaging her bicycle.
33. The nurse asked Mrs. Bingley where her little boy had been born.
34. The doctor advised Mr. Robert to take more exercise.
35. Tim wondered whether/ if he would find a job.
36. Paul apologized to Susan for giving her the wrong number.
37. Martha asked Peter when the first day of his holiday was.
38. Anna asked her mother whether/ if she could have a new bicycle.
39. William’s mother told him not to leave the house until she got back.
40. Mrs. Rogers told her son not to bite his nails.
41. George said to Mary that he had seen the film three times.
42. Martin apologized to Angela for having damaged her car.


43. The landlady asked us whether/if we had had enough for lunch.
44. Mary asked John not to tell anyone her new address.

45. The notice said that breakfast would not be served after 9.30.
46. I asked where the best place to buy souvenirs was.
47. She reminded me to bring my passport with me the following day.
48. The teacher told the boys not to write on the wall.
49. The interviewer asked Mr. Simpson how many jobs he had had since 2000 .

50. The officer wanted to know why the frightened witness hadn’t reported the incident to the
police.
Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện:

Các dạng
câu điều
kiện

Cấu trúc câu điều kiện

Cấu trúc Đảo ngữ

Loại 1:
Tình
huống có
thể xảy ra
ở hiện tại
hoặc
tương lai.

If + S1 + V (hiện tại), S2 +
Should + S1 + (not)+ V (hiện
will/may/might/should/can… tại), S2 +
+ V (infinitive)

will/may/might/should/can…
+ V (infinitive)
E.g: If you should meet her,
please ask her to call me at E.g: Should you meet her,
once.
please ask her to call me at
once.

Loại 2:
Tình
huống giả
định,
không thể
xảy ra ở
hiện tại,
không có
thực ở
hiện tại.

If + S1 + V (quá khứ), S2 +
would/might/could… + V
(infinitive)
E.g: If I were you, I would
not do such a rude thing.

Were + S1 + (not) + O, S2 +
would/might/could… + V
(infinitive)
E.g: Were I you, I would not
do such a rude thing.


Loại 3:
If + S1 + had + past
Had + S1 + (not) + past
Tình
participle, S2 +
participle, S2 +
huống trái would/might/could… + have would/might/could… + have


thực tế
+ past participle
trong quá
E.g: If it hadn’t been for your
khứ.
help, I wouldn’t have
succeeded.

+ past participle
E.g: Had it not been for your
help, I wouldn’t have
succeeded.

BÀI TẬP ĐẢO NGỮ TRONG CÂU ĐIỀU
KIỆN BÀI SỐ 1
I.
Chọn một từ / nhóm từ thích hợp cho mỗi chỗ trống để
hoàn thành những câu sau.
1. ____________________________, you would have
succeeded in your business.

A. If you listened to my advice
B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice
D. As long as you listened to
my advice
2. She doesn’t like classical music and
_______________________________.
A. I don’t, too
B. I don’t, either
C. neither do I
D. B and C are


correct
3. Litt
le ______________ what he has caused to others.
A. does he know
B. he knows
C. he can know
D. he will know
4. __________ had he entered the office than he
realized that he had left his wallet at
home.
A. Hardly
B. Scarcely
C. No sooner
D. Not only
5. ____________ a week goes by without some road
accidents.
A. Hardly

B. Seldom
C. Never
D. Infrequently
II.
III. Chọn câu viết lại có nghĩa tương đương.
11.
I write to her almost every day.
A. Not a day goes by unless my writing to her.
B. Hardly does a day go by without my writing to her.
C. No day go by without my writing to her.
D. Almost every day goes by w
ithout my writing for her.


12.
The noise next door didn’t stop until midnight.
A. It was not until midnight that the noise next door
stopped.
B. Not until midnight did the noise next door stopped.
C. Only when midnight did the noise next door stopped.
D. Hardly did the noise next door stopped when it was
midnight.
13.
He started computer programming as soon as he left
school.
A. No sooner had he started computer programming
than he left school.
B. Hardly had he started computer programming when
he left school.
C. No sooner had he left school than he started

computer programming.
D. After he left school, he had started computer
programming.
14.
He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from
me.
A. As soon as he borrowed some money
from me, he spent it all.
B. Hardly had he borrowed some money from me when
he spent it all.
C. Not only did he spent all his money but also he
borrowed some from me.


D. Not only did he spend all his money but he borrowed
some from me as well.
15.
She only felt relaxed after a few months working for
him.
A. She used to feel relaxed working for him a few
months.
B. A few months ago, she didn’t find it relaxed working
for him.
C. Only after a few months working for him did she feel
relaxe
d.
D. It was not until a few months working for him did she
feel relaxed.
16.
Right after his appointment to the post, he fell ill.

A. No sooner did he appointed to the post than he fell
ill.
B. No sooner had he appointed to the post than he fell i
ll.
C. Hardly had he appointed to the post when he fell ill.
D. Hardly had he been appointed to the post when he
fell ill.
17.
Just after solving one problem, I was faced with
another.
A. Scarcely had I solved one problem when I was faced
with anothe
r.


B. Hardly had I solved one problem when I was faced
with another.
C. No sooner had I solved one problem than I was
faced with another.
D. All are correct
.
18.
A country cannot be prosperous if it
is not quite independent.
A. Unless a country is quite independent, it can be
prosperous.
B. Without complete independence, a country can be
prosperous.
C. Only when a country is quite independent can it be
prosperous

.
D. It is not until a country
is quite independent can it be prosperous.
19.
I only recognized him when he came into the light.
A. Only when I recognized him, he came into the light.
B. It wasn’t until he came into the light that I recognized
him
C. Not until he came into th
e light I did recognize him
D. I did not recognize him even when he came into the
light.
20
. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had left.


A. Not until all the guests had left could we relax.
B. It wasn’t until all the guests had left
that we could relax.
C. It wasn’t until all the guests had left could we relax.
D. A and B are correct
21.
The phone stopped ringing the moment I got
downstairs.
A. No sooner had the phone stopped ringing than I got
downstairs.
B.
After the phone had stopped ringing, I got downstairs.
C. Hardly had the phone stopped ringing when I got
downstairs.

D. No sooner had I got downstairs than the phone
stopped ringing
.
22.
The light failed the moment they began work.
A. But for the
light failed, they would have begun work.
B. Hardly did they begin work when the light failed.
C. Hardly had they begun work when the light failed.
D. As soon as the light failed, they began work.
23
. She didn’t shed a tear as the play ended in tr
agedy.
A. The tragedy play wasn’t good for her to shed tear.
B. Without her tear, the play didn’t end tragically.


C. So tragic was the play that she didn’t shed a tear.
D. Not a tear did she shed when the play ended in
tragedy
.
I
V.
Ch
ọn ph
ương án đúng ( A, B, C, ho
ặc D ) để ho
àn thành m
ỗi câu sau.
24. It was not until she had arrived home

___________________ her appointment with
the doctor.
A. when she remembered
B. that she remembered
C. and she remembered
D. did she remem
ber
25. Canada does not require that U.S citizens obtain
passports to enter the country, and
_________.
A. Mexico doesn’t, too
B. so does Mexico
C. Mexico doesn’t, either
D. neither is Mexico
26. ____________________, he would have been able
t


o pass the exam.
A. If he studied harder last year
B. Provided he studied hard last year
C. Studying harder last year
D. Had he studied harder last year
27. ___________________ will Mr. Dennis be able to
regain control of the company.
A. With hard
work
B. Despite his hard work
C. Only if he works hardly
D. Only by working hard

28. __________ had I arrived home than it began to
rain.
A. No sooner
B. Hardly
C. Scarcely
D. Rarely
29. My father paid my fees. _______________that, I
wouldn
’t be here now.
A. If there were not
B. But for
C. Had it not been for
D. B and C are correct
30. Only after food has been dried or canned
________________________________.
A. it should be stored for future use.
B. that it shoul


d be
stored for future use.
C. should it be stored for future use
.
D. should it store for future
use.