IT
PHU'O'NG PHAP
NGHIEN CU'U KHOA HOC
•
I'IIr.
IT
II
Phan Dien Vy, PhD
Tniong D9i h9C Nqan hang TP. HeM
Email:
1
IT
PHU'ONG PHAP
NGHIEN CU'U KHOA HOC
•
~
IT
Thai 1U'Q'ng: 45 tiet
Phan b6:
Ly thuyet:
30 tiet
Thuc hanh: 15 tiet
•
2
MVC
olcu, YEU cAu
1. Nang cao nhan tmrc ve v~ trf, vai tro cua khoa hoc,
heat dong NCKH doi voi nhan I09i. Nhln nhan, danh
gia mot van de tren quan diem khoa hQC
2. Cung cap cho nguoi hoc mot each c6 h~ thong
nhung Iy luan cd ban ve khoa hoc, NCKH, quy trlnh
va cac phLfdng phap tien hanh heat dong nqhien
cuu khoa hoc
.
3. Nam vung quy trlnh thuc hien ducc mot heat dong
nqhien cuu khoa hQC a cac cap do khac nhau: tir
xac dinh van de nqhien cuu: To chuc thirc hien
heat dQng nqhlen cuu: The hi~n va danh gia mot
c6ng trlnh nghien cuu khoa hQC
3
TIEU CHI DANH GIA
,
"
I. Ly lu~n: Nh~n thuc ducc cac
Iy
luan
ve
khoa hoc,
nqhien cuu khoa hoc, bao gam: Cac thuat ngu khoa
hoc; Cac quy trinh, veu cau, phucnq phap thuc hi~n
cua mot heat clQng nghien cuu khoa hoc.
II. Thllc hanh: C6 ducc nhimq ky nang can thiet de
trien khai thuc hi~n duoc mot heat clQng nghien
ciru khoa hQC: tir xac djnh van de nghien ciru: To
chuc thuc hi~n heat dong nghien cuu: The hien va
danh gia mQt c6ng trinh nqhien ciru khoa hoc
4
eANH GIA KET
I. Danh
QuA
HOC
TAP
•
•
gia giCraky: 30%
II. Tieu Iuan:
. 30%
III. Thi ket thuc man hoc:
. 40% .
Hinh thuc danh qia: Thi tl)' luan. Thai gian: 75 phut.
Duoc sLr dunq tai li~u.
5
Tal lieu
tham khao
•
1. Truong d9i hoc Ngan hang Tp.HCM/ Tei li?u tham
khso man: Phlldng pbep nghien aiu khoa h9C,
2. VO Cao Dam (2007), Phlldng phep lu~n nghien
khoa hoc. NXB Giao due, HN;
aiu
4. Tran Tien Khai (2012), Phlldng phap nghien aiu
khoa h9C kinh te; NXB Lao dong - Xa hOi;
5. Nguyen Th! Canh (2007), Giao trinh phuoni; phap &
phuonq ptiep luen nghien cuu khoa hoc kinh fe,
Nha xuat ban DQi hoe Quae gia TP.
6. www.buh.edu.vn
Ho Chi Minh.
6
TRUONG OAI HOC KINH TE TP.HCM
KHOA KINH 'TE PHAT TRIEN
",..,.
,.,
TRAN TIEN KHAI
PHudNG PHAP
NGHIEN CUU KINH
,
BAN
TE
8
NOIDUNG
.
I. Nghien cuu khoa hoc va quy trinh NCKH
II. Xac dlnh van
de, xay dl}'ng de cU'O'ng nqhlen cuu
III. Cac phuonq phap nqhlen cLPu co ban
IV.Thong tin, dLPli~u
V. Trinh bay ket qua NCKH
VI. Danh gia cong trinh NCKH
9
I. NCKH va quy trinh NCKH
1.1 Nqhien cuu Khoa hoc
1.2 Cac hinh thuc to chuc nqhien cuu
1.3 Quy trinh nqhien cuu
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I. Nghien ciru khoa hec
va quy trinh
NCKH
1. Nghien ciru khoa hoc
1.1 Mot
•
so khal niem:
•
<> TLr dien Bach khoa toan thu Wikipedia dinh nghTa:
"Nghien
CLPU
lit slf tim kiem kien thu'c, hoac
nhu' lit slf di~u tra mang tinh h~ th6ng, vcYisuy
nghi rQng
rna,
khong thanh kien, de xay dlfng
cac slf ki~n thlfc te mol I~, thU'ang siP dl;lng
mc}t phu'onq phap khoa hoc"
11
I. Tong quan
ve khoa hQCva NCKH
1. Nghien cuu khoa hoc
1.1 Mot
•
{>
so khai nlem:
•
Nqhien CLPU khoa hoc Ia mot hoat dong tim kiern,
xem
xet, dieu tra, hoac thLr nqhlern. Due tren
nhD'ng
so
Ii$u, tai lieu, ki~n thuc.... dat duoc tLi
cac thi nqhiern nqhien CLPU khoa hoc de phat hien
ra nhD'ng cal rnoi
ve ban chat su' vat, ve th~ gi&i tl)'
nhien va X8 hoi, de sang tao phuonq phap va
phuonq tien
ky thuat rno: cao hon, qia tri hon
12
I. Tong quan
ve khoa hQCva NCKH
1. Nghien ciru khoa hoc
1.1 Mot
•
{>
so khai nlern:
•
Kumar (2005) cho dmg: "Nqhien CLPU la mot trong
nhCl'ng each d~ tim ra cac cau tra loi cho nhCl'ng
C8U
{>
hoi".
Nqhien
thap
CLPU
va
cOng duoc dinh nghTa la "qua trlnh thu
phan tich thong tin mot each h~ thong
nharn tang cuonq SI,J' hi~u biet cua ta
ve mot hien
tuonq"
13
1. Nghien ciru khoa hoc
T6m IQi: "Nghien cLPu khoa hoc la mc}t hoat dQng
X3 hQi, hU'
khoa hoc chua bi~t" Bao g6m:
{- Phat hi~n ban chat su
vat, phat trien nhan trurc
khoa hoc
.
{- Sang t90 ra phuonq phap moi va phuong tien ky
thuat moi nharn cal t90 the gioi
{- Hinh thanh, chung minh lu~n diem khoa hoc
mot sir vat, hlen tuQ'ng can kharn pha
ve
14
I. Tong quan
ve khoa hQCva NCKH
1. Nghien cuu khoa hoc
• Hieu the' nso
ve NCKH?
~ Ml:)c tieu: tim klern kien thuc: tra loi cau hoi chua
ducc giai dap: kharn pha: ...
./ Hanh dQng: Qua trinh thu th~p thong tin de phan
tfch va danh gia
./ Ket qua phai dat dUQC: C6 kien thirc, nang luc
hieu biet sir v~t va de xuat hanh dQng phu hQP15
1.2 Cac dac
di~m cua NCKH
•
./ C6 tfnh moi
./ C6 tfnh h~ thong
./ C6 tfnh hi~u luc va kiem ehU'ngduqe
./ C6 tfnh
ke thira
./ C6 tfnh khach quan
./ C6 tfnh phe phan
./ Dude
. kiem
scat
./ C6 tfnh nqhiem ng~t
./ C6 tfnh thuc nqhiem
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1.3 Vai tro cua NCKH
./ Lam thay doi each nhin nhan van de cua ngU'oi doc
./ Thuyet phuc ngU'oi doc tin VaD mot dieu gl d6
./ DU'a ngU'oi doc den quyet djnh va hanh dong
~ Dan dat ngU'oi doc theo mot quy trlnh nao d6
17
1.4 Phan loai nqhien cwu khoa hoc
2.4.1 Theo tinh chat cua san pharn nqhien cuu
-c- Nghien cwu
co ban:
La
nhD'ng nqhien
CLrU
phat hien thuoc tinh, cau true, dong thai cac
tuonq tac trong noi bo
SI.)'
nharn
SI.)'
vat,
vat va rnoi lien h~ giD'a
SI.)'
vat
. va cac SU'.. vat khac
-¢-- Nghien cwu wng dunq:
La su' van
duoc phat hien tLPnqhien
mot
SI.)'
CLrU
dl)ng quy luat
cO' ban de giai thich
vat, t90 ra nhD'ng nguyen
Iy
rnoi
ve
cac
giai phap va Lrng dunq n6.
18
1.4.2 Thea clurc nang nghien ciru
<> Nqhien cuu
~ Nghien
cuu
rna ta
tLfdng quan
~ Nqhien cuu giai thfch
~ Nghien cuu du' bao
~ Nghien
cuu
sang t90
1.4.3 Thea each thirc thu'c
hien
•
•
~ Nghien
Iy thuyet
~ Nqhien cuu thuc nqhiern
19
1.5 Nghien
CLPU
kinh
te
<> Khoa hoc kinh te la mot bo phan cua KHXH,
nqhien cuu tra loi cac cau hoi giai thich ve hanh vi
.
kinh te cua con ngU'O'I
,
,
~
"Nqhien cuu kinh te ta qua trlnh thu thap thong tin, dCP
li~u, chunq cu, van dl,mg cac kien thuc va cong CI,J
phan tich
xu
Iy
thong tin dCPlieu nharn dc:;ltduoc su'
hieu biet ve vai tro hoac la tong the nen kinh te doi v&i
vi~c dua ra cac quyet dinh kinh te trong mot b6i canh
kinh te - xa hoi CI,J the" (Tran Tien Khai - 2013)
20
2. Cac hinh thu'c
to chuc
nqhien eLPu
2.1 De tal nqhlen ClPu: La mot hlnh thuc t6 chuc
nqhien cuu khoa hoc pho bien voi mot nhlern Vl,J
nqhien cuu dat ra de giai quyet, va do mot ca nhan
hay mot nh6m nquoi thuc hien.
2.2 Ow
• an khoa hoc:
•
La
mot loai
••
de tal duoc thuc
••
hlen nharn rnuc dich (rng dunq, c6 xac dinh Cl,J the ve
hi~u qua kinh te - X8 hoi. Dl,J'an c6 tinh (rng dunq cao
c6 rang buoc thai gian va ngu6n luc
21
2.3 ChU'O'ng trinh khoa hoc: La mot tap hop cac
de
tai hay dl)' an c6 cunq muc dich xac dinh. Chuonq
trinh khoa hoc la mot nh6m cac du an, de tai dU'Q'C
quan
Iy mot
each ph6i hop va nharn dat duo'c mot s6
muc tieu chung (rnuc tieu cua chuonq trlnh) da dinh
ra tnroc
De an khoa hoc: Be an khoa hoc la mot loai van
kien duoc xay dl,.l'ng de trlnh cap quan Iy cao hon
hoac gai cO' quan tai tro nharn de xuat xin thuc hien
mot chuonq trinh, de tal, du an nqhien cuu khoa hoc
2.4
•
••
•
22
3. Quy trinh NCKH
Quy trlnh nqhien cuu khoa hoc la mot chuoi
cac buo'c tu' duy va van dunq kien thuc ve
phuonq
phap nqhien cuu va kien thuc
chuyen nganh khai d~u tLr viec xac dlnh van
de nqhien cuu cho den buoc cuoi cunq ta tim
ra
C8U
tra IcYicho van de dat ra
•
23
3 giai doan cua quy trinh nqhien eLPu
~ Giai doan mQt la giai dean rna nha nqhien cuu phai
tim kiem van de nqhien cLPu, hay xay dl)'ng y tU'ang
nghien cuu, bao gem xac lap van
nqhien cuu, rnuc
tieu, cau hoi va gia thuyet nqhien cuu
de
~ Giai doan hai la qua trlnh rna nha nqhien cuu tap hop
tat ca y tU'ang lai, va cu the h6a cac y tU'ang va kien
thuc c6 lien quan de xac I~p mQt ke hoach nqhien
ciru chi tiet va cu the (de cuonq nqhien cuu )
doan ba ta viec to chuc va tien hanh nqhien cuu
(thu thap xLI' Iy thong tin, viet bao cao ...)
<> Giai
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Cac buoc cua qua trinh nqhien cuu
• Buo'c 1: Xac dinh van
de nqhien cuu
• Buoc 2: Tong quan (Ly thuyet
va cac
NC lien quan)
• Buoc 3: Xac dinh cac thanh phan cho thiet
nqhien cuu
• Buoc 4: Xay dl)'ng
de cuonq
nqhlen cuu
• Burro 5: Thu thap dCP li~u
• Buoc 6: Phan tich dCP lieu
.
• Buoc 7: Giai thich ket qua va viet bao cao
• BLFOC 8: Denh gia kef qua nghien
cuu
25
ke