Sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc

ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 10 NĂM HỌC 2013 – 2014
MÔN THI: HÓA HỌC
Dành cho học sinh THPT Chuyên
Thời gian làm bài 180 phút không kể thời gian giao đề
Câu 1: (2 điểm)
1.   !"#$%#&'##(
)"*+,-
./012121345 6/412121345 7/41891345
:/18821345 ;/<8891345 =/042191345
2. 7##>&'-?=
0
@AB=
0
@6=
0
@"C7
0
@B
0
DEF'G#"&"#&H&'IF
'> J KL'M#N##OH&#>FD
3. 67
0
#PQ# !"EC
0
G&67
0
EC
0

DRL'GH&EC
0
 J67
0
#SI"*"#T#(
#N##J##>67
0
EC
0
D
4. U'IF J"JV"&<<<+W)DE)X"*"#
Q#"H&1'IFLI+"#'IPRV"&<+'V"&0+#P>#"Y
XZH&1Q!FV&#"F'XZ[6"7
A
/C
4
B5

\<1]^D
21
D_
21
Câu 2: (2,0 điểm)
`#>a
4
J0]DbYQ#"c#dYH&'IFa
 !"'IF#>Xe'Vfg000D
1DXh#'IFa J "L'#N#H&i"'IFD
4Dj"k#L'GH&#>a
4

Dl"FQ#>J"#&IZ#h N&[
0D#I#JJ##La
4
 !"Im"#L#n#JJ*#o#I JZ
++'+h##i#E&7B JE&
4
7B
0
Dj"#N##*D
Câu 3:(2,0 điểm)
1D
7#ZT n7' J+'+h#m7'B
<
8gp@=B
<
18p@=
4
/B
<
5
0
84gpD
7>Vf&'*I&-7'
/5
94=
09
7'
49
94=
49

2CSI#V"#"e'H&#*q4g
8
7[N#f>VfH&#*[
2#&IX`"mXZH&=
49
 J=
09
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0
4
r s
r s
Fe
Fe
+
+
XP#*X`"#"e'[
 7#V"q4g
8
7
4 0 4
3 3
80<  8tt
Cu Cu Fe Fe
E V E V
+ + +
= =
4D
7##*- /7C
0

5
4
B
/Q5

→
7C
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97B
/Q5
9C
4/Q5
_#""#J##>#HIX"I/7C
0
5
4
BZVN#QTq#"YXZg8<

7 JX'L
`H&#Y%"&XQu'*&'-
3">I 8 1gg8 0188 <vg8
A
#Y
3C <88 ]88 1888 1188
:(& JQu'*JI#SI-
&57#"#f#*#>#'bX"IJ#*VwZD
V5T##fXZ#*qg8<

7D
5T#'L`H&#YVN# J#,)/7C

0
5
4
BXSVh#>#HI&'<v8
">ID
Câu 4 (2,0 điểm).
1.C#LJ#"X"H&Q"G"pD_#"XX'/X"e'Q"YQ#kQ#k
Q#T5#N#'X#La J#i#Q#Tx/q<88_1&5DC#La#&4tvy" e
Q#"DCi#Q#TxdQ#" !"CVf01tD
&5Xh#k# JT##,)H&Q#T#i#xD
V5Xh#k#H& JaD
7#-C\1@B\1v@7\g4@p\gg@=\gv@7'\v<@x\vg@AV\48tD
2.A#>T#'IFR"##Pw!AZ'"&H&Q"G"X, %"&#'X
V*"Y'&'-
E'IF B  C
yQ#"'" gt0] 1<0] 0v4
#+z"(#&IX`"Q#"H&AQ#"'+,F#"YXZ&%"&#LI
f!Q#"AVh#>#HI#JJ#NAXSL044yQ#"DC{&&A J!
X+'+h#B, +'+h#B#*X !"#i#/PbO
2
, HNO
3
nóng5 J#* !"
+'+h#6&7
4
G#J#QH&Q#k&+'+h#C7DXh#Q"G"X,
'"A J "#N##&#OV"P'+"|#**I&D/Biết-XQ#k#'Z#O
l&& JQ#k#G5D
Biết-7\g4=\gvp\ggC\1B\1v7&\<8j\g1.\4t\04D
Câu 5. (2,0 điểm)

C&VJZ#J##OXu'&O J#*`#
&"&RQ#T#"X J"D
#T#"Y1/E15G"<t4

7C&V JZ(#'XrC
4
s\8148tp@rE
4
s\88<84p@
rEC
0
s\8884t4pQ#"#Y#*XGX>VfD#T#"Y4/E45G"g88

7
%"&#'X#i#>Vf'L"F#,H&C
4
J8t00&@H&E
4
J8g4t&
JH&EC
0
J1t0D18
20
&D
1. A#*-0C
4
/Q59E
4
/Q5 4EC
0

/Q5}&#"Y#&I#'#"Y[G"&[
2. E'E1&'Q#"XG!">Vf#&#O#PT#VN##*Vh"*Z&#NK
+"|&u'N#N[G"&[
Ghi chú: Thí sinh được sử dụng bảng tuần hoàn.
Họ và tên thí sinh……………………………………SBD……
…… ~~~DC~~~
Sở GD&ĐT Vĩnh Phúc

HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM 2013 – 2014
MÔN THI: HÓA HỌC 10
Dành cho học sinh THPT Chuyên
Thời gian làm bài 180 phút không kể thời gian giao đề
Câu Nội dung Điểm
Câu 1
(1,0)
1. 0
<
@6-4
<
@7-4
4
@:-1
4
@;-<
1
@=-0+
4
2;)#L#LQ#""h#}#L@
2E'W"h#NJ`/95#}##N
)#L#D

jwI)H&)+,##(&'-
:•6\7•.•=•;
2.
7k##> G  #"  &"  #&  H&
'IF'>
7L'M#N##O
?=
0
l&"#&
0
+
? ==
=
AB=
0

0
P
O
F
F
F
6=
0

4
B
F
F
F

C"7
0

0
Si
H
Cl
Cl
Cl
B
0

4
O
O
O
. .
3. - E'IF6x\gFL'#N#qG#"V*J
1
4
4
4
4
1
DUG#"QT##T#Q#""FQ !"0'IF7G#>
67
0
'IF60XZ#>- DE# wI#>
67
0

'IF6{ZV"&D
2E'IFEx\tFL'#N#qG#"V*J1
4
4
4
4
0

Q#""FQ !"0'IFCG#>EC
0
'IFE+n0
XZ#>DE# wI#>EC
0
'IFE €{Z•#&
h#&"FQ- D7•JIH&EEC
0
GX"F
Q##w !"V"&H&6#>67
0
 G#J##>
67
0
EC
0
D7k#L'GH&67
0
EC
0
J
8g

8g
8g
<D1D&3E'IFC J""Cq'IFJI)H&
#d#n#'Z J
19 1 18
n
2 2 2
13,6 13, 6eV.1,602.10 J.eV 2,18.10
E eV J
n n n
− − −
= − = − = −
4D_#"1+"#'IPR<+X0)X"*"#-

E∆
\;
0
‚;
<
\41]D18
21]
/
2 2
1 1
3 4
−
5^
j!"1C-
E∆
\41]D18

21]
E
.
/
2 2
1 1
3 4
−
5^\v0]1vg^3
E#"YJI#P>#"YXZ1Q!F-
0
63816,5
T 15, 25 C
4,184.1000
∆ = =
8g
Câu 2
(2,0)
1DƒO"Q#"J.JEJAJ;D_#"X-
'IF-.

E

A

;

'IFa-.
a
E

a
A
a
;
a
RXeVJ"w#N#-
9`-;

94;
a
\0]→A

94A
a
\0]/&5
9bYQ#" J-
0
1v
000g
4
.
4

===
N
NA
YY
/V5
9R/V5'I&-
0

1v
4

=
P
P
Y
/5
9R/&5 J/5"*"&X
A
v=
X
J&V/75
A
1v=
Y
aJ'#'„#/5
7L'#N#-
7-1
4
4
4
4
4
-1
4
4
4
4
v

0
4
0
<
4D\7\
l"FQZ#h NXZ>X"YH&7 JXe'J4g
0D 7
4
90B
4
→7B
4
94B
4
7B
4
9E&
4
7B
0
9C
4
B→E&C7B
0
B
4
9E&7B94E&
4
7B
0

9C
4
B→E&
4
B
<
9E&794E&C7B
0
8g
8g
8g
8g
Câu 3
(1,5)
1.r7'
49
s\r=
09
s\8gp7'
/5
94=
09
7'
49
94=
49
&
0 4
4
3

3
8g
8tt 88g… 8tg4
1
88g…
80< 8g 8001
4
Fe Fe
Cu Cu
E V
E V
+ +
+
= + =
= + =
jN
0 4 4
3 3Fe Fe Cu Cu
E E
+ + +
>
F#**I&##"e'#'wD
8g
76¬ EC
7
7 C
C
8
4/8tt 80<5
 1<gtv

88g… 88g…
nE
K
−
= = =
†_\0tvtD18
1<
PX`"#"e'#*-
0
4
r s
8tt 88g… 8001
r s
Fe
Fe
+
+
+ >
†
0
4
r s
r s
Fe
Fe
+
+
‡0vD18
2]
,

2.
&5
/7C
0
5
4
B
/Q5
  7C
</Q5
9 7B
/Q5
9 C
4/Q5


\8 A

 A

‚A A A A
⇒U#%"X"P#N'LH&*#YJ-A
#
\A

94A⇒A\/A
#
‚A

534D

⇒U#%"X"P
0 4
/7C 5 B
A
\A

‚A\
 #
0DA 2A
4
D
'I&q#%"X"P-
 ˆ\8#N
0 4
/7C 5 B
A
\<88C
 ˆ\1gg8#N
0 4
/7C 5 B
A
\488C
 ˆ\0188#N
0 4
/7C 5 B
A
\188C
 ˆ\<vg8#N
0 4
/7C 5 B

A
\g8C
jN#"YXZ J#PT#VN#Q#kX`"F'LdY !"Q#TD&#w
#LI&'1gg8">I#N/7C
0
5
4
B"*X"Z&D:X#*
#>#HI/7C
0
5
4
BJ#*Vw1 !"
134
\1gg8D
V5CfXZH&#*J-Q\43
134
\8v…031gg8\4,47.10
-4
s
-1
D
5&-
A

\A

D
2Q
\<88D

<
<<tD18 D<v8

−
−
\04gt/C5
⇒A\A

‚A

\<88‚04gt\t<0/C5
⇒‰'LH&#Y&'<v8">IJ-A
#
\A

94A\<8894Dt<0\g<]v/
C5
A#,)/7C
0
5
4
BVh#>#'b\
t<0
<88
D188y\18,58 %
8g
84g
84g
8g
Câu 4

(2,0)
1D&5C"X"H&Q"G"pVh#>#HIQ#"X'##N#-
4p/BC5/5†p
4
B/59C4B/Q5
E'"#'XQ#kVe#N"#*I&14Q#*)&'-
2_#*)1-B"Vh#>#HIG&" J*#oJQ"G""#&
#L#
p
4
B

†p
4
B

9/2534B
4
↑
2_#*)4-B"#* !"#"!J)"#&H&Q"G"-
p
4
B9/25C4B†p
4
B9/25C4
U<88_ J1&!qG#"#"+X#i#x#PmB
4
 JC
4
B

#•mC
4
 JC
4
BD
#"*#"-_#"'VN#H&#i#x\01tD<\14v]
&3†#i#xmC
4
 JC
4
BDƒO"yH&C
4
xJ&
#N#-
4&91]/1882&5\14v]D188†&\0000†
dYH&C
4
 JC
4
BJ1-4D
V5•k#H&aJpBI#"*#"-
1vI3p\4tv3/18824tv5†p\48…]gD/4I35 !"/4I35\14]300DDD
4I314]300<DDD
p48…]g<1…t1gg…vv4…gv]0…<4DDD
†p\gg…vŠgvJ= Jk#H&"J=
0
B
<
D
1X

7k#H&#*"J=/BC54D
A#*-0=/BC5
4
→4=
0
B
<
9C
4
B9C
4
2.#"*#"-
C B  C B 
0v4 gt0] 1<0]
 - - \ - - \0g…-0g…-8<<]  - - \]-]-1
188] 1v 048v
→
jwIk#X"*#LH&AJX(H
8
O
8
S)
n
.
y
XA
\188y2/0v49gt0]91<0]5y\4<v4y
j!"\1
→
p

X
\g<…g/35
→
XJp&&/p5D
j!"\4
→
p
X
\18……/35
→
_#kQ"G"#}&SD
j!"
≥
0
→
p
X

≥
1v<…/35
→
X#'Z#Ol&&#•#G/loại5D
jwIk#X"*#LH&AJMnH
8
O
8
SD
p•Q# X #* !"+'+h#6&7
4 
G#J#QH&Q#k&

+'+h#C7JA1'IF+XAJ'"'‹&#•
'"#"X'‹&-MnH
8
O
4
SO
4
D
_#"X'/A chưa bị phân hủy5044yQ#"ALX"X
p
A
\4408t</35†044yDp
A
\044yD4408t<\t1]/5Št4/5
†<C
4
BD
†yC/trong 4 mol H
2
O5\
188]D]
D 188 0v1y 0v4y
4408t<
= ≈
D
jwIAJ'"&&/??5'‹&w<#>!-MnSO
4
.4H
2
O

ACC
pB
<
96&7
4

→
6&B
<
Œ9p7
4
/15
4pB
<
9gAVB
4
9vCEB
0

→
4CpB
<
90AV/EB
0
5
4
94AVB
<
Œ94C
4

B
/45
1X
Câu 5
(2 đ)
1. G"<t4
8
7_

\
4
4
0
0 0
4 4
rEC s
/8884t45
rC s DrE s /8148t5 D/88<845
=
\818g
 4
 
_ _ /•5 818g/88]4D/<t4 4t055
∆ −
→ = = + =
4]1D18
2g
@
G"g88
8

7_

\
0
4 4
4
20 4
EC
0 0
C E

/1t0D18 5
 D /8t005 D/8g4t5
=
\1<<D18
2g
•4]1D18
2g
DE#"YXZ)
_

"*
→
#*}&#"Y/#'IFTH&l&"5D
2. _#"j"*Z&
→
mXZ)4,
→
Ž


\
4
0
/8884t4D45
/8148tD45 D/88<84D45
\
4v4D18
24
•_

→
7>Vf##O#'IP+%"&#*"XPŽ

)!"_

D
1X
1X
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