rÌn luyÖn kÜ n¨ng nhËn xÐt vµ
gi¶i thÝch b¶ng sè liÖu thèng kª
1 . NhËn xÐt chung :


!
"#$%
&'$(%)*+%


1901 1956 1981 1989 2001
,-
./0
13 27.5 54.9 64.4 78.6
%,102*+344(567*8
(94(:344(2(94(*;7< <./0
&'$3%=*+%
>(%?@-02A(94(
B344(

>3%?@/CD-E5FG602
HEIJK

1940 1960 1970 1983 2000
,/
C
0.2 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.12
%,)E5FG602*+A
(9L4&3444:34444 4M2
(9L4

&'$#%)FNEJ%
>#%-?*0O*P02A(9#<&3444HEQ
./5K

1935 1955 1965 1975 1985 2000
1*0O
7.0 6.2 11.1 10.5 15.9 32.5
%*0O*P02FNEJ (9<<
(97<(9R<*3444.5
ST2$)UI5V*WN;
XY$V*WN5565

Z )[*/@/CH\K )[*/@-H\K
),]>^>X
31.1 17.1
T>1F_`
3.7 19.4
,_]?).
29.1 24.4
)-aa
17.0 4.3
TF>X
7.1 12.8
T>1'bc
12.0 22.0
%d02%
&),]>^>X"@/C*25H#( #\KT>1F_`"[
*/@/Ce5H# R\K


&,_]?)."[*/@-*25H3L L\K)-aa"
[*/@-e5
ff NhËn xÐt tõng giai ®o¹n, tõng cét, tõng khu
vùc vµ gi¶I thÝch
( g-E%
,;*/EU6-$E
d(%)*;#E

1901 1956 1981 1989 2001
,-
./0
13 27.5 54.9 64.4 78.6

=T(%(94(&(9<7%[(L <.0.<<

=T3%(9<7&(9M(%.53L <.0.0.
3<
=T#%(9M(&(9M9%.59 <.0.
9
=TL%(9M9&3444%hi(# 3.0.
(3

jC,+3%?*0O*P02A(9#<&3444HEQ./
5K

1935 1955 1965 1975 1985 2000
1*0O
7.0 6.2 11.1 10.5 15.9 32.5
&,;1*/5a3*8c0O;"U
*;LE%

=T(%A(9#<&(9<<4 M./5
=T3%A(9<<&(97<L 9./5
=T#%A(97<&(9R<4 7./5
=,L%A(9R<&344433.J/5

3 =Ca-%
&)VaX;a8A);"U
*$*C@6VO6EUC
k'$*C@"U@V$*C@%
T502iD6$.U…
T0*EN2E;;02…
¸6@+Z_Z)X*;^…
;02E80aC6$.U …
]d.X@/CE5-+ …
TZ*OHE5E K:E?/Z)&l_H*…
EXE80$a" K…

k$*C@"U@V$*C@%
)J.0"?EX
'.C.JFNEJ
)
,-@/CE5$
# Các đọc các bảng số liệu đơn giản:
. Em hãy nhận xét và giải thích sản lợng lúa nớc ta qua bảng
số liệu sau :

1935 1955 1965 1975 1985 2000
1*0O
7.0 6.2 11.1 10.5 15.9 32.5
Phân tích cụ thể và nhận xét bảng số liện đơn giản trên


'$02;%
S;%
&
)A(9#<&3444c0O*P020
NEJ 1*0O*P344456L 7*8
(9#<
SAE;C%
&
).34H(9#<&(9<<K*0O*P02
4 M.5 ,X$@-6$6
&
).(4H(9<<&(97<K*0O*P02L 9
.5 ,E502.iD?>^*
'l_
&
)AH(97<&(9R<K(4*0O*P024 7.5 ,
.m

&).(4(9R<&(9M<*0O*P02*
< L.5 ,E502*6*iD
&).(<(9M<&3444(<*0O*P02(7.
5 E502EWF6+;eEJ6.U
S1$0In$X;.P.%
)"*?02";F/6".[
6$.U*YE502NEJ
b. NhËn xÐt vµ gi¶i thÝch sù gia t¨ng d©n sè níc ta qua b¶ng sè
liÖu díi ®©y.

)D

[5
H
4
Q
44
K
[5bg$6
XH
4
Q
44
K
[*/
)H\K
g$6X
40 25 1.5
(9L<&(9R<
40 12 2.8
(9M7
27.8 6.9 2.09
o*/%
SAX.%
&
[5A6$6XE(9L<L468D
&
)[5^E8E(9M7*;3R M68
D
&
)[5b6$6X.5*;%3<68D


&)[5b;D(9L<&(9R<*;(368D
&T(9M7[5bEp565*;7 968
D
&[*/53 M\HE(9R<&(9L<K[*/
565*;( <\DH6$6XKE
(9M7[*/EWi3 4M\
SAE;C%
&
)[*/0;6$6X565D%
k[5
k[5b.5
&
)[5D(9L<&(9R<*;5D%
k[5h.5.E"[5b 

&
)[*/(9M7l3 4M*;@%
k)[5;3R M68D
kA(9M4;02EW0/XEX@-
"ED
k)[5bEWEp5657 968D

,;*/@-02@02E-a

1901 1956 1981 1989 2001
,-
./0
13 27.5 54.9 64.4 78.6
_Wa;C%
NhËn xÐt chung%

&,-02344(I(94(*;7<7
./0

NhËn xÐt qua tõng giai ®o¹n :
&)A(94(&(9<7%@-02[(L<.
.i<< D.E;a[*/hHL4
68DK;[*/bqH3<68DKa-@
.Jp@-6$6;.@-6$6
&)A(9<7&(9M(%@-02.53RL..
i3<D[*/iHL468DK;[*/b
H(368DK@E502.;aE502"
XiDNEJaE0OPr
)A(9M(&344(%@-02iH3#R.K.
i"34 ,E-@-E0O-a6$
.U.X^6*;[*/b

,;I5$"N02(999@02E-a%
&
"@0"NcT%## (\
&
".EXNcT%<9#\
&";EXNcT%R7\
H·y nhËn xÐt vÒ%@-`*EXNs.
Dd02t
;C%
&,-02X*s@-.uD@-@02EXN*
EXiH##(\K;EXN*EX56 H7R\K
&,-02i@[*/0@02(<Ni
H##(\K@"0.EXNEu*2


&02"`*EX@`@;H<9#\K;.ua.
E?/?6$.u0E"q*;X"
8E0Oa
&)Ns.D02i56D0;EX
N*EX[*/eHR7\K
STheo sè liÖu hiÖn tr¹ng c¸c lo¹i ®Êt cña níc ta n¨m 2000 díi
®©y:
T5F/6
28,4%
T5*-/6
35,25
T5d;a@V
65
T50b@+
30,4%
_WaC02aEN[*/A*E5;CD
A*E5*"02aEN0at

;C%
&)[*/E5F/6"02,aUE5d;E5
a@V ]:@V;"N@/CE5
0i.5C 
&)[*/E5*-/6"02@D.:6$.A
@v.
&)[*/E5d;E5a@V"02@@-EF;
@8$.DF/6"&EFJ"
&)[*/E50b@+"02@$a.A
$.AAW

L Nhận xét và giảI thích các bảng số liệu phức

tạp:
Nhận xét và giải thích sự gia tăng dân số và gia tăng sản lợng l
ơng thực của nớc ta qua bảng số liệu dới đây :

1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1999
1**0I
H.5K
15.0 17.0 18.2 17.6 21.5 22.0 25.5 27.6 34.2
,-
H.0K
54.9 57.3 59.8 62.5 64.4 67.7 71.0 73.9 76.3
lb*C*/%
TUE0O0In*/$A
EaUA*/a/E*/0IEai
s*;C[*/*0O*0I;[*/@- c5a(9M(w
(44\ x`C[*/*8*0O$6

ob*C*/"%

1891 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1999
1**0I

100% 113.3
%
121.3
%
117.3
%
143.3
%

146.6
%
170% 184
%
228
%
,-
100% 104.3
%
108.9
%
113.8
%
117.3
%
123.3
%
129.3
%
134.6
%
139
%
)A.2E0.%
NhËn xÐt chung:
&1c0I02FNEJ%(9MR_I
(9M<E(9M9&(99(E(99#.dE
.5
&,-02*+D-yEIL\
E5*;E(99(&(99#7\

NhËn xÐt riªng cho tõng giai ®o¹n%

&)A(9M(&(99#%c0O*0IH(# #\K
568#*8@-HL #\K
&)A(9M#&(99#%*0O*0IpHM\K856EF
@-HL #\K
&)A(9M<&(9MR%c0O*0I(9MRHL\K.
E"@-E?H#Q9\K
&)0(9MR&(9M9%c0O*0IH37\K.
E"@-H# <\K
&)A(9MR&(9M9*0O*0I0.
@-[H#<K
&)A(9M9&(99(*0O*0I[##\2
E.02.E"@-7\
&)A(99(&(99#c0O*0I.d*
3#L\.@-7\

)A(99#&(99<*0O*0I0h0
I2E.02(L\.@-F
<#\
(99<&(999*0O*0I02LL\.
@-[i#9\
Hãy nhận xét và giải thích sự phấn bố lao động của các vùng
kinh tế nớc ta theo bảng số liệu thống kê dới đây:
jV >^X >^.X .X X
)[*/@-
202
#7 <\ (# <\ (< #\ #L R
[*/*EX
@-

V
L# 9\ << 4\ <3 (\ <# M\
]EX@-
.D
3
3#7 (97 ((# L(3

Xö lÝ sè liÖu%TU"U;C6
&)C[*/*EXAV2@-02
&)[*/*EXd).*;[*/*EX20V
FU$V;a2V$ @E"6C[
*/*EXE"[*/@-02 
>z$%*5a[*/@-AV-2[*/@-
02(44
jC@+%)[*/*EX^X2[*/@-
02Yz
43,9.36,5
16,0%
100
=
,.Id*/2DE0OEU;
C